CN106744952B - The method that sewage sludge prepares modified active coke - Google Patents
The method that sewage sludge prepares modified active coke Download PDFInfo
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- CN106744952B CN106744952B CN201611072096.8A CN201611072096A CN106744952B CN 106744952 B CN106744952 B CN 106744952B CN 201611072096 A CN201611072096 A CN 201611072096A CN 106744952 B CN106744952 B CN 106744952B
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- sludge
- coke
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- activated
- activated coke
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- 239000000571 coke Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 61
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 38
- 239000010801 sewage sludge Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 15
- 239000010802 sludge Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 68
- 229910001385 heavy metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 24
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 23
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 23
- 238000003763 carbonization Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- 229920000915 polyvinyl chloride Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- 239000004800 polyvinyl chloride Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- 239000003546 flue gas Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon monoxide Chemical compound [O+]#[C-] UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrochloric acid Chemical compound Cl VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 239000000356 contaminant Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 239000003517 fume Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 239000002817 coal dust Substances 0.000 claims description 21
- 230000004913 activation Effects 0.000 claims description 19
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 claims description 19
- JIAARYAFYJHUJI-UHFFFAOYSA-L zinc dichloride Chemical compound [Cl-].[Cl-].[Zn+2] JIAARYAFYJHUJI-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 11
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000012190 activator Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000011592 zinc chloride Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000000227 grinding Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000000465 moulding Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 235000005074 zinc chloride Nutrition 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000007767 bonding agent Substances 0.000 claims 1
- VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-M Chloride anion Chemical compound [Cl-] VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 abstract description 5
- 238000004064 recycling Methods 0.000 abstract description 5
- 239000000779 smoke Substances 0.000 abstract description 5
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 2
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 abstract 1
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 15
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 8
- 230000003213 activating effect Effects 0.000 description 6
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 4
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 3
- 229910052793 cadmium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000003054 catalyst Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000003610 charcoal Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 3
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- YKYOUMDCQGMQQO-UHFFFAOYSA-L cadmium dichloride Chemical compound Cl[Cd]Cl YKYOUMDCQGMQQO-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910052745 lead Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000005416 organic matter Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000010865 sewage Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000001179 sorption measurement Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910052725 zinc Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000011701 zinc Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910021592 Copper(II) chloride Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosphorus Chemical compound [P] OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003463 adsorbent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000013459 approach Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052785 arsenic Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011230 binding agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000006227 byproduct Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010000 carbonizing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000003197 catalytic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000002144 chemical decomposition reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005660 chlorination reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000001805 chlorine compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910052804 chromium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000000084 colloidal system Substances 0.000 description 1
- ORTQZVOHEJQUHG-UHFFFAOYSA-L copper(II) chloride Chemical compound Cl[Cu]Cl ORTQZVOHEJQUHG-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 238000001784 detoxification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011038 discontinuous diafiltration by volume reduction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003344 environmental pollutant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003337 fertilizer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005189 flocculation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000003895 groundwater pollution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007654 immersion Methods 0.000 description 1
- HWSZZLVAJGOAAY-UHFFFAOYSA-L lead(II) chloride Chemical compound Cl[Pb]Cl HWSZZLVAJGOAAY-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000010841 municipal wastewater Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052759 nickel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 235000015097 nutrients Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000013618 particulate matter Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052698 phosphorus Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011574 phosphorus Substances 0.000 description 1
- 231100000719 pollutant Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052761 rare earth metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000002910 rare earth metals Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000011084 recovery Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000013049 sediment Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000003900 soil pollution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000006467 substitution reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012546 transfer Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000035899 viability Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002351 wastewater Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004065 wastewater treatment Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C01P—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO STRUCTURAL AND PHYSICAL ASPECTS OF SOLID INORGANIC COMPOUNDS
- C01P2006/00—Physical properties of inorganic compounds
- C01P2006/12—Surface area
Landscapes
- Treatment Of Sludge (AREA)
- Carbon And Carbon Compounds (AREA)
Abstract
The present invention discloses a kind of method that sewage sludge prepares modified active coke, comprising the following steps: (1) waste polyvinyl chloride is added during sludge carbonization;(2) carbonization process is generated and carries out fume treatment containing the flue gas of HCl and heavy metal contaminants;The present invention is in carbonization process; waste polyvinyl chloride is added and converts Heavy Metals in Sludge compound to volatile heavy metal chloride; it migrates it at high temperature into flue gas and is captured by smoke processing system; to reduce Heavy Metals in Sludge, minimizing, recycling and the environmental protection processing of sludge are realized.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of methods that sewage sludge prepares modified active coke.
Background technique
Sewage sludge is the by-product generated in municipal wastewater treatment process, and 3~5 kilograms of dirts can be generated by handling waste water per ton
Mud.According to statistics, China's sewage sludge yield in 2015 is more than 47,000,000 tons, and at present by landfill, burn etc. it is innoxious
Sludge quantity with minimizing processing is only the 30% of sludge total amount.Contain nutrient nitrogen and phosphorus in sludge, can be used as fertilizer by agriculture
With, but since 70~90% heavy metals (Cd, Pb, Cu, As, Cr, Ni) in the flocculation process of sewage treatment can be by adsorbing or sinking
It forms sediment and is transferred in sludge, limit the approach of its resource utilization.From sludge treating method, landfill place is increasingly dilute
It lacks, and there are potential soil and groundwater pollution risk, causing sludge directly fill not is plan for a good while;Sludge organism processing
Technology is still immature, and lacks the standardized management to product;Heat treatment technics have volume reduction amount it is big, can energy recovery etc. it is excellent
Point, but need to solve the emission control of heavy metal in flue gas.
Active carbon/coke has the advantages that structural porous, large specific surface area, high surface activity, is widely used as chemical industry, Shui Chu
The adsorbent or catalyst carrier of the industries such as reason, atmospheric treatment.Contain organic matter in sludge, it can be by carbonizing and being activated system
Standby Viability charcoal/coke.Chinese patent CN105170131A discloses a kind of preparation method of sludge carbon base desulphurization denitration catalyst,
Sludge carbon is prepared using hydro-thermal charring, increase the active site of sludge and has loaded rare-earth metal catalyst, improves it
Denitrification efficiency;Chinese patent CN104556030A discloses a kind of for preparing bigger serface active carbon using sludge
Control method improves the specific surface area of activated coke by " two step three-stage processes ", in flue gas and sewage harmful components it is net
Change.Sludge is directly prepared into active carbon mostly by existing research, does not account for its mechanical performance and heavy metal that may be present
Secondary pollution problem.
Summary of the invention
In view of the above-mentioned problems, the present invention provides a kind of reduction sludge huge sum of money content, realizes sludge reduction and recycling
The method that sewage sludge prepares modified active coke.
In order to achieve the above objectives, a kind of method that sewage sludge prepares modified active coke of the present invention, comprising the following steps:
(1) waste polyvinyl chloride is added during sludge carbonization;
(2) carbonization process is generated and carries out fume treatment containing the flue gas of HCl and heavy metal contaminants.
Preferably, further including the following steps before the step (1):
(1) it handles dewatered sludge progress indirectly drying to obtain dewatered sludge;
(2) dewatered sludge in step (1) is subjected to crushing and grinding processing;
(3) by the dewatered sludge after break process in step (2) according to dewatered sludge 3~15%, coal dust 84~96%, viscous
It connects agent 1% and is mixed with molding;
(4) sludge of mixed-forming in step (3) and coal dust are subjected to 0.5~2h charing process.
Preferably, further including the following steps after the sludge and coal dust charing process of the mixed-forming:
(1) activator is added into the sludge and coal dust of mixed-forming after charing, obtains activated coke after being activated;
(2) activated coke obtained is immersed into modifying agent, drying obtains modified active coke after being modified processing.
Preferably, activating agent described in the activation processing is zinc chloride activating agent, the activation temperature of the activation processing
It is 900~1100 DEG C, activation time is 1~3h;
Preferably, the V that modifying agent described in the modification is2O5Colloidal solution;
The specific steps of the modification include:
(1) activated coke is immersed concentration is 0.1~0.5mol/L, the V that temperature is 105~120 DEG C2O5Colloidal solution;
(2) activated coke immerses V2O51~5h of colloidal solution after take out and dried under the conditions of 105 DEG C.
Sludge and coal dust are prepared into activated coke using mixing ratio appropriate by the present invention jointly, and are added in carbonization process
On the one hand waste polyvinyl chloride realizes the resource recycling of waste polyvinyl chloride, on the one hand reduces the content of Heavy Metals in Sludge,
Guarantee its mechanical performance while improving activated coke absorption property, and prepares the activity of safety and environmental protection by detoxification and method of modifying
It is burnt;Compared with active carbon, activated coke has the characteristics that high mechanical strength and cheap, is mainly used for the desulphurization denitration of flue gas.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is that the sewage sludge of Example 1 and Example 2 of the present invention prepares the flow chart of modified active coke.
Specific embodiment
The present invention will be further described with reference to the accompanying drawings of the specification.
Embodiment 1
The method that a kind of sewage sludge of the present embodiment prepares modified active coke, comprising the following steps:
(1) waste polyvinyl chloride is added during sludge carbonization;
(2) carbonization process is generated and carries out fume treatment containing the flue gas of HCl and heavy metal contaminants.
Further include the following steps before the step (1):
(1) it handles dewatered sludge progress indirectly drying to obtain dewatered sludge;
(2) dewatered sludge in step (1) is subjected to crushing and grinding processing;
(3) by the dewatered sludge after break process in step (2) according to dewatered sludge 3~15%, coal dust 84~96%, viscous
It connects agent 1% and is mixed with molding;
(4) sludge of mixed-forming in step (3) and coal dust are subjected to 0.5~2h charing process.
Further include the following steps after the sludge and coal dust charing process of the mixed-forming:
(1) activator is added into the sludge and coal dust of mixed-forming after charing, obtains activated coke after being activated;
(2) activated coke obtained is immersed into modifying agent, drying obtains modified active coke after being modified processing.
Activating agent described in the activation processing is zinc chloride activating agent, the activation temperature of the activation processing is 900~
1100 DEG C, activation time is 1~3h.
The V that modifying agent described in the modification is2O5Colloidal solution.
The specific steps of the modification include:
(1) activated coke is immersed concentration is 0.1~0.5mol/L, the V that temperature is 105~120 DEG C2O5Colloidal solution;
(2) activated coke immerses V2O51~5h of colloidal solution after take out and dried under the conditions of 105 DEG C;
This method overall step:
(1) by dewatered sludge be 180~220 DEG C in temperature at carry out indirectly drying handle to obtain moisture content to be 15~25%
Dewatered sludge;
(2) dewatered sludge in step (1) is subjected to crushing and grinding processing, partial size is reduced to 200~325 mesh or less;
(3) by the dewatered sludge after break process in step (2) according to dewatered sludge 3~15%, coal dust 84~96%, viscous
It connects agent 1% and is mixed with molding;
(4) sludge of mixed-forming in step (3) and coal dust are carried out at 0.5~2h charing at 600~800 DEG C of temperature
Reason, is added polyvinyl chloride in carbonization process;
(5) into the sludge and coal dust of mixed-forming after step (4) charing, addition activator obtains after being activated
Activated coke;
(6) drying obtains modified active coke after activated coke obtained immersion modifying agent being modified processing.
Add waste polyvinyl chloride in carbonization process, waste polyvinyl chloride is being decomposed since 230 DEG C or so in heating process
Generate HCl, the HCl of generation heavy metal chlorination corresponding with the reaction generation of Heavy Metals in Sludge (Pb, Cd, Cu, Zn etc.) oxide
Object.Reactive chemistry formula is as follows:
3(CH2CHCl)n=3nHCl+nC6H6
2HCl+PbO=PbCl2+H2O
2HCl+CdO=CdCl2+H2O
2HCl+ZnO=ZnCl2+H2O
2HCl+CuO=CuCl2+H2O
Simultaneously heavy metal chloride have the characteristics that fusing point is low, vapour pressure is high, within the temperature range of charing it is volatilizable extremely
Flue gas is condensate in particulate matter, and carbonization time longer (0.5~2h) is conducive to the transfer of heavy metal chloride, and heavy metal is gone
Except rate is higher than 50%.Further using the dirts such as the smoke processing system removal excessive HCl generated and the heavy metal chloride of volatilization
Contaminate object;Polyvinyl chloride decomposes the formation that the gas generated is conducive to porous structure in activated coke simultaneously;
Sludge and coal dust prepare activated coke jointly, and large specific surface area, the hole of traditional activated coke can be improved by adjusting ratio
Capacity rate, adsorptivity improve charcoal source content and mechanical performance in active carbon or activated coke;
The present embodiment is converted Heavy Metals in Sludge to by the way that waste polyvinyl chloride in carbonization process, is added in carbonization process
Volatile heavy metal chloride migrates it at high temperature into flue gas and is captured by smoke processing system, to reduce activity
The content of heavy metal in coke, while polyvinyl chloride decomposes the formation that the gas generated is conducive to porous structure in activated coke;Simultaneously
The characteristics of using organic matter is rich in sewage sludge, it is prepared into activated coke by proper proportion with coal dust jointly, is significantly being mentioned
Under the premise of high activity coke adsorption efficiency, the minimizing and recycling of sludge are realized;The activated coke that sludge and coal dust are prepared jointly,
Large specific surface area, the hole capacity rate, adsorptivity that traditional activated coke can be improved, solve charcoal source in sludge-based activated carbon or activated coke
The problem of low, active carbon bad mechanical property.
Embodiment 2
As shown in Figure 1, being based on embodiment 1, activating agent described in activation processing described in the present embodiment is zinc chloride activating agent,
The activation temperature of activation processing is 900~1100 DEG C, and activation time is 1~3h.
The V that modifying agent is in the modification2O5Colloidal solution, the V2O5Colloidal solution concentration be 0.1~
0.5mol/L, temperature are 105~120 DEG C;Activated coke immerses V in modification2O5The colloidal solution time be 1~5h, after taking-up
It is dried under the conditions of 105 DEG C and modified active coke is made;
Specific step is as follows: the temperature of sludge drying is 200 DEG C, and dewatered sludge moisture content after desiccation is reduced to 20%, warp
Crusher grinding prepares molding according to 5%, 94% and 1% mass fraction to 200 mesh, by dewatered sludge, coal dust and binder,
Carbonization temperature is 600 DEG C, carbonization time 1h, and additional amount is the waste polyvinyl chloride of 20~100g/t- activated coke in carbonization process;
Pb removal rate, which reaches 62%, Cd removal rate and reaches 82%, Zn removal rate and reach 70%, Cu removal rate, reaches 67%, and retort produces
Raw flue gas is by pollutants such as smoke processing system removal HCl, heavy metals, and the activator used is zinc chloride, activation temperature
It is 900 DEG C, activation time 3h, the activated coke obtained after activation immerses V2O5Colloidal solution in, colloid concentration 0.2mol/
L, activated coke impregnate 2h in the modifying agent that temperature is 105 DEG C, and modified active coke is made.
Using V2O5Modified active coke increases catalytic site in activated coke and is catalyzed NOxIt decomposes, chemical decomposition formula is as follows:
4NO+4NH3+O2=4N2+6H2O
2NO2+4NH3+O2=3N2+6H2O
In the present embodiment carbonization process, waste polyvinyl chloride is added and converts Heavy Metals in Sludge to volatile heavy metal chlorine
Compound migrates it at high temperature into flue gas and is captured by smoke processing system, to reduce the content of heavy metal in activated coke,
Polyvinyl chloride decomposes the formation that the gas generated is conducive to porous structure in activated coke simultaneously;It is organic using being rich in sewage sludge
It is prepared into activated coke by proper proportion with coal dust, in the premise for significantly improving activated coke adsorption efficiency by the characteristics of matter jointly
Under, realize the minimizing and recycling of sludge;Sludge and coal dust prepare activated coke jointly, and traditional work can be improved by adjusting ratio
Property burnt large specific surface area, hole capacity rate, adsorptivity, while solving sludge-based activated carbon or activated charcoal source is low, active carbon is mechanical
The problem of performance difference;Using V2O5Modified active coke increases the active site of activated coke, can effectively improve NO in flue gasxRemoving
Efficiency.
Embodiment 2 chooses content, proportion, temperature and the concentration in embodiment 1 in range on the basis of embodiment 1,
Illustrate that the numerical value in any content, proportion, temperature and the concentration range of embodiment 1 should all be covered in protection scope of the present invention
Within.
More than, only presently preferred embodiments of the present invention, but scope of protection of the present invention is not limited thereto, and it is any to be familiar with sheet
In the technical scope disclosed by the present invention, any changes or substitutions that can be easily thought of by those skilled in the art, should all cover
Within protection scope of the present invention.Therefore, the scope of protection of the present invention shall be subject to the scope of protection defined by the claims.
Claims (3)
1. a kind of method that sewage sludge prepares modified active coke, it is characterised in that: the following steps are included:
(1) waste polyvinyl chloride is added during sludge carbonization;
(2) carbonization process is generated and carries out fume treatment containing the flue gas of HCl and heavy metal contaminants;
Wherein, the specific steps of the sludge carbonization include:
(11) it handles dewatered sludge progress indirectly drying to obtain dewatered sludge;
(12) dewatered sludge in step (11) is subjected to crushing and grinding processing;
(13) by the dewatered sludge after break process in step (12) according to dewatered sludge 3 ~ 15%, coal dust 84 ~ 96%, bonding agent 1%
It is mixed with molding;
(14) sludge of mixed-forming in step (13) and coal dust are subjected to 0.5 ~ 2h charing process;
(15) activator is added into the sludge and coal dust of mixed-forming after charing, obtains activated coke after being activated;
(16) activated coke obtained is immersed into modifying agent, drying obtains modified active coke after being modified processing.
2. a kind of method that sewage sludge prepares modified active coke as described in claim 1, it is characterised in that: the step (15)
Described in activator be zinc chloride activation agent, the activation temperature of the activation processing is 900 ~ 1100 °C, activation time is 1 ~
3h。
3. a kind of method that sewage sludge prepares modified active coke as described in claim 1, it is characterised in that: the step (16)
Described in the modifying agent V that is2O5Colloidal solution;
The specific steps of the modification include:
(31) activated coke is immersed concentration is 0.1 ~ 0.5mol/L, the V that temperature is 105 ~ 120 °C2O5Colloidal solution;
(32) activated coke immerses V2O51 ~ 5h of colloidal solution after take out and dried under the conditions of 105 °C.
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CN107188386A (en) * | 2017-07-17 | 2017-09-22 | 北京建筑大学 | A kind of method that utilization sewage plant excess sludge prepares charcoal |
CN108373248B (en) * | 2018-02-01 | 2021-07-27 | 东华大学 | A method for rapid preparation of porous magnetic active coke based on dewatered sludge |
CN110092553A (en) * | 2019-04-10 | 2019-08-06 | 浙江清风源环保科技有限公司 | A method of based on pyrolyzing sludge curing heavy metal |
CN117535685B (en) * | 2024-01-09 | 2024-04-02 | 常熟理工学院 | A method for recovering elemental phosphorus from municipal sludge |
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2016
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US4381923A (en) * | 1976-09-20 | 1983-05-03 | Kazuhiro Wada | Isotope separation with an infrared laser |
CN101717176A (en) * | 2009-12-04 | 2010-06-02 | 陈子庭 | Method for dehydrating and recycling sludge containing heavy metallic elements |
CN102432007A (en) * | 2011-09-23 | 2012-05-02 | 南京工业大学 | Method for preparing activated carbon by physically activating excess sludge |
CN102764657A (en) * | 2012-08-10 | 2012-11-07 | 武汉科技大学 | A kind of nano V2O5/activated coke denitration catalyst and its preparation method |
Non-Patent Citations (1)
Title |
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剩余污泥制活性炭及其应用研究进展;鲍国臣等;《材料导报A:综述篇》;20120731;第26卷(第7期);第150-154页 |
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