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CN106744952B - The method that sewage sludge prepares modified active coke - Google Patents

The method that sewage sludge prepares modified active coke Download PDF

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Publication number
CN106744952B
CN106744952B CN201611072096.8A CN201611072096A CN106744952B CN 106744952 B CN106744952 B CN 106744952B CN 201611072096 A CN201611072096 A CN 201611072096A CN 106744952 B CN106744952 B CN 106744952B
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Prior art keywords
sludge
coke
modified active
activated
activated coke
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CN106744952A (en
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王思佳
夏溢
徐庆余
胡海燕
徐伟
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Huatian Engineering and Technology Corp MCC
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Huatian Engineering and Technology Corp MCC
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    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C01INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C01PINDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO STRUCTURAL AND PHYSICAL ASPECTS OF SOLID INORGANIC COMPOUNDS
    • C01P2006/00Physical properties of inorganic compounds
    • C01P2006/12Surface area

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  • Treatment Of Sludge (AREA)
  • Carbon And Carbon Compounds (AREA)

Abstract

The present invention discloses a kind of method that sewage sludge prepares modified active coke, comprising the following steps: (1) waste polyvinyl chloride is added during sludge carbonization;(2) carbonization process is generated and carries out fume treatment containing the flue gas of HCl and heavy metal contaminants;The present invention is in carbonization process; waste polyvinyl chloride is added and converts Heavy Metals in Sludge compound to volatile heavy metal chloride; it migrates it at high temperature into flue gas and is captured by smoke processing system; to reduce Heavy Metals in Sludge, minimizing, recycling and the environmental protection processing of sludge are realized.

Description

The method that sewage sludge prepares modified active coke
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of methods that sewage sludge prepares modified active coke.
Background technique
Sewage sludge is the by-product generated in municipal wastewater treatment process, and 3~5 kilograms of dirts can be generated by handling waste water per ton Mud.According to statistics, China's sewage sludge yield in 2015 is more than 47,000,000 tons, and at present by landfill, burn etc. it is innoxious Sludge quantity with minimizing processing is only the 30% of sludge total amount.Contain nutrient nitrogen and phosphorus in sludge, can be used as fertilizer by agriculture With, but since 70~90% heavy metals (Cd, Pb, Cu, As, Cr, Ni) in the flocculation process of sewage treatment can be by adsorbing or sinking It forms sediment and is transferred in sludge, limit the approach of its resource utilization.From sludge treating method, landfill place is increasingly dilute It lacks, and there are potential soil and groundwater pollution risk, causing sludge directly fill not is plan for a good while;Sludge organism processing Technology is still immature, and lacks the standardized management to product;Heat treatment technics have volume reduction amount it is big, can energy recovery etc. it is excellent Point, but need to solve the emission control of heavy metal in flue gas.
Active carbon/coke has the advantages that structural porous, large specific surface area, high surface activity, is widely used as chemical industry, Shui Chu The adsorbent or catalyst carrier of the industries such as reason, atmospheric treatment.Contain organic matter in sludge, it can be by carbonizing and being activated system Standby Viability charcoal/coke.Chinese patent CN105170131A discloses a kind of preparation method of sludge carbon base desulphurization denitration catalyst, Sludge carbon is prepared using hydro-thermal charring, increase the active site of sludge and has loaded rare-earth metal catalyst, improves it Denitrification efficiency;Chinese patent CN104556030A discloses a kind of for preparing bigger serface active carbon using sludge Control method improves the specific surface area of activated coke by " two step three-stage processes ", in flue gas and sewage harmful components it is net Change.Sludge is directly prepared into active carbon mostly by existing research, does not account for its mechanical performance and heavy metal that may be present Secondary pollution problem.
Summary of the invention
In view of the above-mentioned problems, the present invention provides a kind of reduction sludge huge sum of money content, realizes sludge reduction and recycling The method that sewage sludge prepares modified active coke.
In order to achieve the above objectives, a kind of method that sewage sludge prepares modified active coke of the present invention, comprising the following steps:
(1) waste polyvinyl chloride is added during sludge carbonization;
(2) carbonization process is generated and carries out fume treatment containing the flue gas of HCl and heavy metal contaminants.
Preferably, further including the following steps before the step (1):
(1) it handles dewatered sludge progress indirectly drying to obtain dewatered sludge;
(2) dewatered sludge in step (1) is subjected to crushing and grinding processing;
(3) by the dewatered sludge after break process in step (2) according to dewatered sludge 3~15%, coal dust 84~96%, viscous It connects agent 1% and is mixed with molding;
(4) sludge of mixed-forming in step (3) and coal dust are subjected to 0.5~2h charing process.
Preferably, further including the following steps after the sludge and coal dust charing process of the mixed-forming:
(1) activator is added into the sludge and coal dust of mixed-forming after charing, obtains activated coke after being activated;
(2) activated coke obtained is immersed into modifying agent, drying obtains modified active coke after being modified processing.
Preferably, activating agent described in the activation processing is zinc chloride activating agent, the activation temperature of the activation processing It is 900~1100 DEG C, activation time is 1~3h;
Preferably, the V that modifying agent described in the modification is2O5Colloidal solution;
The specific steps of the modification include:
(1) activated coke is immersed concentration is 0.1~0.5mol/L, the V that temperature is 105~120 DEG C2O5Colloidal solution;
(2) activated coke immerses V2O51~5h of colloidal solution after take out and dried under the conditions of 105 DEG C.
Sludge and coal dust are prepared into activated coke using mixing ratio appropriate by the present invention jointly, and are added in carbonization process On the one hand waste polyvinyl chloride realizes the resource recycling of waste polyvinyl chloride, on the one hand reduces the content of Heavy Metals in Sludge, Guarantee its mechanical performance while improving activated coke absorption property, and prepares the activity of safety and environmental protection by detoxification and method of modifying It is burnt;Compared with active carbon, activated coke has the characteristics that high mechanical strength and cheap, is mainly used for the desulphurization denitration of flue gas.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is that the sewage sludge of Example 1 and Example 2 of the present invention prepares the flow chart of modified active coke.
Specific embodiment
The present invention will be further described with reference to the accompanying drawings of the specification.
Embodiment 1
The method that a kind of sewage sludge of the present embodiment prepares modified active coke, comprising the following steps:
(1) waste polyvinyl chloride is added during sludge carbonization;
(2) carbonization process is generated and carries out fume treatment containing the flue gas of HCl and heavy metal contaminants.
Further include the following steps before the step (1):
(1) it handles dewatered sludge progress indirectly drying to obtain dewatered sludge;
(2) dewatered sludge in step (1) is subjected to crushing and grinding processing;
(3) by the dewatered sludge after break process in step (2) according to dewatered sludge 3~15%, coal dust 84~96%, viscous It connects agent 1% and is mixed with molding;
(4) sludge of mixed-forming in step (3) and coal dust are subjected to 0.5~2h charing process.
Further include the following steps after the sludge and coal dust charing process of the mixed-forming:
(1) activator is added into the sludge and coal dust of mixed-forming after charing, obtains activated coke after being activated;
(2) activated coke obtained is immersed into modifying agent, drying obtains modified active coke after being modified processing.
Activating agent described in the activation processing is zinc chloride activating agent, the activation temperature of the activation processing is 900~ 1100 DEG C, activation time is 1~3h.
The V that modifying agent described in the modification is2O5Colloidal solution.
The specific steps of the modification include:
(1) activated coke is immersed concentration is 0.1~0.5mol/L, the V that temperature is 105~120 DEG C2O5Colloidal solution;
(2) activated coke immerses V2O51~5h of colloidal solution after take out and dried under the conditions of 105 DEG C;
This method overall step:
(1) by dewatered sludge be 180~220 DEG C in temperature at carry out indirectly drying handle to obtain moisture content to be 15~25% Dewatered sludge;
(2) dewatered sludge in step (1) is subjected to crushing and grinding processing, partial size is reduced to 200~325 mesh or less;
(3) by the dewatered sludge after break process in step (2) according to dewatered sludge 3~15%, coal dust 84~96%, viscous It connects agent 1% and is mixed with molding;
(4) sludge of mixed-forming in step (3) and coal dust are carried out at 0.5~2h charing at 600~800 DEG C of temperature Reason, is added polyvinyl chloride in carbonization process;
(5) into the sludge and coal dust of mixed-forming after step (4) charing, addition activator obtains after being activated Activated coke;
(6) drying obtains modified active coke after activated coke obtained immersion modifying agent being modified processing.
Add waste polyvinyl chloride in carbonization process, waste polyvinyl chloride is being decomposed since 230 DEG C or so in heating process Generate HCl, the HCl of generation heavy metal chlorination corresponding with the reaction generation of Heavy Metals in Sludge (Pb, Cd, Cu, Zn etc.) oxide Object.Reactive chemistry formula is as follows:
3(CH2CHCl)n=3nHCl+nC6H6
2HCl+PbO=PbCl2+H2O
2HCl+CdO=CdCl2+H2O
2HCl+ZnO=ZnCl2+H2O
2HCl+CuO=CuCl2+H2O
Simultaneously heavy metal chloride have the characteristics that fusing point is low, vapour pressure is high, within the temperature range of charing it is volatilizable extremely Flue gas is condensate in particulate matter, and carbonization time longer (0.5~2h) is conducive to the transfer of heavy metal chloride, and heavy metal is gone Except rate is higher than 50%.Further using the dirts such as the smoke processing system removal excessive HCl generated and the heavy metal chloride of volatilization Contaminate object;Polyvinyl chloride decomposes the formation that the gas generated is conducive to porous structure in activated coke simultaneously;
Sludge and coal dust prepare activated coke jointly, and large specific surface area, the hole of traditional activated coke can be improved by adjusting ratio Capacity rate, adsorptivity improve charcoal source content and mechanical performance in active carbon or activated coke;
The present embodiment is converted Heavy Metals in Sludge to by the way that waste polyvinyl chloride in carbonization process, is added in carbonization process Volatile heavy metal chloride migrates it at high temperature into flue gas and is captured by smoke processing system, to reduce activity The content of heavy metal in coke, while polyvinyl chloride decomposes the formation that the gas generated is conducive to porous structure in activated coke;Simultaneously The characteristics of using organic matter is rich in sewage sludge, it is prepared into activated coke by proper proportion with coal dust jointly, is significantly being mentioned Under the premise of high activity coke adsorption efficiency, the minimizing and recycling of sludge are realized;The activated coke that sludge and coal dust are prepared jointly, Large specific surface area, the hole capacity rate, adsorptivity that traditional activated coke can be improved, solve charcoal source in sludge-based activated carbon or activated coke The problem of low, active carbon bad mechanical property.
Embodiment 2
As shown in Figure 1, being based on embodiment 1, activating agent described in activation processing described in the present embodiment is zinc chloride activating agent, The activation temperature of activation processing is 900~1100 DEG C, and activation time is 1~3h.
The V that modifying agent is in the modification2O5Colloidal solution, the V2O5Colloidal solution concentration be 0.1~ 0.5mol/L, temperature are 105~120 DEG C;Activated coke immerses V in modification2O5The colloidal solution time be 1~5h, after taking-up It is dried under the conditions of 105 DEG C and modified active coke is made;
Specific step is as follows: the temperature of sludge drying is 200 DEG C, and dewatered sludge moisture content after desiccation is reduced to 20%, warp Crusher grinding prepares molding according to 5%, 94% and 1% mass fraction to 200 mesh, by dewatered sludge, coal dust and binder, Carbonization temperature is 600 DEG C, carbonization time 1h, and additional amount is the waste polyvinyl chloride of 20~100g/t- activated coke in carbonization process; Pb removal rate, which reaches 62%, Cd removal rate and reaches 82%, Zn removal rate and reach 70%, Cu removal rate, reaches 67%, and retort produces Raw flue gas is by pollutants such as smoke processing system removal HCl, heavy metals, and the activator used is zinc chloride, activation temperature It is 900 DEG C, activation time 3h, the activated coke obtained after activation immerses V2O5Colloidal solution in, colloid concentration 0.2mol/ L, activated coke impregnate 2h in the modifying agent that temperature is 105 DEG C, and modified active coke is made.
Using V2O5Modified active coke increases catalytic site in activated coke and is catalyzed NOxIt decomposes, chemical decomposition formula is as follows:
4NO+4NH3+O2=4N2+6H2O
2NO2+4NH3+O2=3N2+6H2O
In the present embodiment carbonization process, waste polyvinyl chloride is added and converts Heavy Metals in Sludge to volatile heavy metal chlorine Compound migrates it at high temperature into flue gas and is captured by smoke processing system, to reduce the content of heavy metal in activated coke, Polyvinyl chloride decomposes the formation that the gas generated is conducive to porous structure in activated coke simultaneously;It is organic using being rich in sewage sludge It is prepared into activated coke by proper proportion with coal dust, in the premise for significantly improving activated coke adsorption efficiency by the characteristics of matter jointly Under, realize the minimizing and recycling of sludge;Sludge and coal dust prepare activated coke jointly, and traditional work can be improved by adjusting ratio Property burnt large specific surface area, hole capacity rate, adsorptivity, while solving sludge-based activated carbon or activated charcoal source is low, active carbon is mechanical The problem of performance difference;Using V2O5Modified active coke increases the active site of activated coke, can effectively improve NO in flue gasxRemoving Efficiency.
Embodiment 2 chooses content, proportion, temperature and the concentration in embodiment 1 in range on the basis of embodiment 1, Illustrate that the numerical value in any content, proportion, temperature and the concentration range of embodiment 1 should all be covered in protection scope of the present invention Within.
More than, only presently preferred embodiments of the present invention, but scope of protection of the present invention is not limited thereto, and it is any to be familiar with sheet In the technical scope disclosed by the present invention, any changes or substitutions that can be easily thought of by those skilled in the art, should all cover Within protection scope of the present invention.Therefore, the scope of protection of the present invention shall be subject to the scope of protection defined by the claims.

Claims (3)

1. a kind of method that sewage sludge prepares modified active coke, it is characterised in that: the following steps are included:
(1) waste polyvinyl chloride is added during sludge carbonization;
(2) carbonization process is generated and carries out fume treatment containing the flue gas of HCl and heavy metal contaminants;
Wherein, the specific steps of the sludge carbonization include:
(11) it handles dewatered sludge progress indirectly drying to obtain dewatered sludge;
(12) dewatered sludge in step (11) is subjected to crushing and grinding processing;
(13) by the dewatered sludge after break process in step (12) according to dewatered sludge 3 ~ 15%, coal dust 84 ~ 96%, bonding agent 1% It is mixed with molding;
(14) sludge of mixed-forming in step (13) and coal dust are subjected to 0.5 ~ 2h charing process;
(15) activator is added into the sludge and coal dust of mixed-forming after charing, obtains activated coke after being activated;
(16) activated coke obtained is immersed into modifying agent, drying obtains modified active coke after being modified processing.
2. a kind of method that sewage sludge prepares modified active coke as described in claim 1, it is characterised in that: the step (15) Described in activator be zinc chloride activation agent, the activation temperature of the activation processing is 900 ~ 1100 °C, activation time is 1 ~ 3h。
3. a kind of method that sewage sludge prepares modified active coke as described in claim 1, it is characterised in that: the step (16) Described in the modifying agent V that is2O5Colloidal solution;
The specific steps of the modification include:
(31) activated coke is immersed concentration is 0.1 ~ 0.5mol/L, the V that temperature is 105 ~ 120 °C2O5Colloidal solution;
(32) activated coke immerses V2O51 ~ 5h of colloidal solution after take out and dried under the conditions of 105 °C.
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CN107188386A (en) * 2017-07-17 2017-09-22 北京建筑大学 A kind of method that utilization sewage plant excess sludge prepares charcoal
CN108373248B (en) * 2018-02-01 2021-07-27 东华大学 A method for rapid preparation of porous magnetic active coke based on dewatered sludge
CN110092553A (en) * 2019-04-10 2019-08-06 浙江清风源环保科技有限公司 A method of based on pyrolyzing sludge curing heavy metal
CN117535685B (en) * 2024-01-09 2024-04-02 常熟理工学院 A method for recovering elemental phosphorus from municipal sludge

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CN101717176A (en) * 2009-12-04 2010-06-02 陈子庭 Method for dehydrating and recycling sludge containing heavy metallic elements
CN102432007A (en) * 2011-09-23 2012-05-02 南京工业大学 Method for preparing activated carbon by physically activating excess sludge
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