CN106735612B - A method of improving gear honing processing - Google Patents
A method of improving gear honing processing Download PDFInfo
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- CN106735612B CN106735612B CN201611149828.9A CN201611149828A CN106735612B CN 106735612 B CN106735612 B CN 106735612B CN 201611149828 A CN201611149828 A CN 201611149828A CN 106735612 B CN106735612 B CN 106735612B
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- Prior art keywords
- gear
- tooth
- honing
- honing wheel
- wheel
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Classifications
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23F—MAKING GEARS OR TOOTHED RACKS
- B23F19/00—Finishing gear teeth by other tools than those used for manufacturing gear teeth
- B23F19/05—Honing gear teeth
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Finish Polishing, Edge Sharpening, And Grinding By Specific Grinding Devices (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of methods of improvement gear honing processing, belong to gear mechanism manufacturing field.The present invention will not have the top sword engaged section of application to be applied in raker tooth gear honing processing method, realize the secondary skin processing of the root portions flank of tooth, improve surface quality.Tooth top preprocessing and tooth top tip relief or chamfered edge can also be carried out, the function of gear honing machining tool is increased.The processing quality of gear can be improved in this method, reduces processing cost.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of methods of improvement gear honing processing, belong to gear mechanism manufacturing field.
Background technique
Gear honing processing technology is a kind of Hardened gear face method for fine finishing.Its principle is to be engaged using honing wheel with processed gear
The pressure that generates when movement and relative sliding velocity are realized.The entire motion process of gear honing is similar to shaving, difference
It is that gear honing is that have the indefinite cutting edge of geometry using cutter similar with roll flute.The precision of gear honing can achieve 6
~7 grades.
Gear honing can be divided into external toothing gear honing and internal messing gear honing, and external toothing gear honing can be divided into external tooth honing wheel gear honing and snail again
Rod honing wheel gear honing.External tooth honing wheel plover tooth process is high-efficient, at low cost, and it is excellent that gear honing machine tool structure is simple and convenient to operate etc.
Point, but have the shortcomings that two it is fatal, first, profile accuracy cannot be improved, and generate concave tooth form;Second, honing wheel is kept
Precision Time is short.Gear honing process is not in the surface defects such as grinding burning and crack since cutting speed is lower, therefore gear honing
The flank of tooth crossed has preferable flank of tooth integrality.Meanwhile gear honing can reduce the residual stress generated when heat treatment, increase surface
Compression extends the service life of gear.Texture caused by gear honing is aperiodic microstructure, reduces gear engagement
Noise in the process increases the stationarity of work.With the development of electroplating CBN technology, hard matrix CBN honing wheel makes
Hardened gear face gear honing technology is promoted, finishing function of the hard matrix honing wheel in addition to traditional gear honing may be implemented also makes pair
Profile error, pitch error, the correction capability of tooth alignment error have obtained significantly being promoted.
In order to solve the problems, such as that external toothing gear honing generates concave tooth form, raker tooth gear honing processing method is suggested.But raker tooth
It is that involute engaged section completes processing that master is to be applied in gear honing processing method, lacks utilization to top sword engaged section.
Summary of the invention
In order to further improve the quality of gear honing processing gear, gear honing is set to have more functions, the invention proposes one
The method that kind improves gear honing processing gear, this method utilize two sections of top sword engagement processes in raker tooth gear honing processing method, into
Row preprocessing and secondary operation complete tooth top tip relief or chamfered edge to improve flank of tooth quality.
When raker tooth gear honing is processed, honing wheel and Gear Contact point are distributed as shown in Figure 1 on the flank of tooth.Honing wheel connects with gear
Contact is distributed on the flank of tooth is divided into AB sections, BC sections, CD sections;AB sections are gear top sword engagement process, are to be processed gear teeth tips
Capable process is scraped in honing wheel surface.BC sections are involute helicoid engagement process, the shape by two standard involute helicoid engagements
At.CD sections are honing wheel top sword engagement process, are that honing wheel tooth top in processed gear surface scrapes row.In raker tooth gear honing processing side
Main to complete gear honing processing using BC sections of processes in method, AB sections and CD sections are not utilized well.Assuming that honing wheel along
The direction of v in Fig. 1, that is, gear tooth width direction feed processing, BC sections are contact line of the honing wheel in current axial position, BC sections with
On part be not processed also, BC sections of parts below have completed to process.The AB section contact point mark of raker tooth gear honing processing method
Line is the tooth top of undressed part, carries out preprocessing using tooth top of this section to gear, reduces the processing of BC sections of processing tooth tops
Surplus also can use AB sections of realization tooth top tip reliefs or chamfered edge function, increase the function of raker tooth gear honing processing method.Raker tooth adds
The CD section contact point trace of work method is the flank of tooth of the close tooth root of machined part, can use this section and completes this part tooth
The secondary operation in face improves processing quality.
AB sections for processing, specific step is as follows:
Step 1.1 establishes the engagement coordinate system of spatial intersecting axis shown in Fig. 2, wherein Ss(Os-xs,ys,zs) and Sg(Og-xg,yg,
zg) it is rest frame where honing wheel and gear, z respectivelysAxis and zgAxis is overlapped with the axis of honing wheel and gear respectively,
Indicate static lower honing wheel and Gear axis, S1(O1-x1,y1,z1) and S2(O2-x2,y2,z2) be respectively and honing wheel and gear
Connected kinetic coordinate system, z1Axis and z2Axis is overlapped with the axis of honing wheel and gear respectively, indicates the lower honing wheel of dynamic and gear
Axis,WithFor the rotational angle of honing wheel and gear, rp1And rp2The respectively operating pitch radius of honing wheel and gear, λ
It is the crossed axis angle of honing wheel and gear, P is the node of honing wheel and gear.There are two types of AB sections of major functions, first is that completing pre-
Processing, second is that completing tooth top tip relief or chamfered edge.For both functions, the surface of honing wheel is ideal involute helicoid, spiral shell
Any point phasor coordinate is expressed as on radial facingμ1And θ1It is two parameters that can arbitrarily indicate honing wheel helicoid.
For the first function, the flank of tooth of gear is also ideal involute helicoid, for second of function, the flank of tooth middle section of gear
Shape for ideal involute helicoid, tip portion is related to design requirement, including chamfered edge, circular arc and conic section etc. no matter
Any flank of tooth, process be all it is identical, any point phasor coordinate on the flank of tooth is expressed asμ2And θ2
It is two parameters that can arbitrarily indicate gear teeth face.
Step 1.2 is by the expression formula of the honing wheel surface and gear surface that provide in step 1.1, according to spatial conjugate original
Reason, two surfaces meet at the time of contact
WhereinWithFor in SgIn coordinate system on honing wheel helicoid any point phasor coordinate with it is any on gear teeth face
The expression formula of point vector coordinate, can be byWithIt is obtained through coordinate transform.Variable honing wheel corner is introduced through coordinate transformThereforeTogether When engagement contact, two o'clock is overlapped, therefore has equationThis etc.
Formula includes 3 equations, 6 variables.WithFor in SgIn coordinate system on honing wheel helicoid the unit normal vector of any point with
The unit normal vector of any point on gear teeth face.WhereinWhen engagement contact,
Two o'clock normal vector is overlapped, therefore has equationThe equation also contains 3 equations, 6 variables.Simultaneous Equations
It is availableWithRelationship, by μ1,θ1,μ2,θ2,All useIt indicates.
Step 1.3 calculates the corner of the gear met the requirements by the corner of step 1.2 honing wheel, AB sections processed
Journey corresponds to oneWithArray:
Wherein(i=1~n) respectively indicates turn of honing wheel and gear in i-th group of angle data when contact is engaged
Angle.This array is input in control system, makes gear honing machine according to the rule control honing wheel and gear movement in array, it is complete
The preprocessing and tooth top tip relief to be completed at AB sections or chamfered edge.
CD sections for processing, specific step is as follows:
Step 2.1 establishes coordinate system, such as Fig. 2 in the way of in AB sections of procedure of processings 1.1.CD sections exist for honing wheel tooth top
Gear surface scrapes row, and standard honing wheel tooth top is a crest line, and it is easy to wear that crest line scrapes row on the flank of tooth, and this method is by the honing gear teeth
Top is designed to the cydariforms curve such as arc-shaped or conic section, increases its service life.In S1In coordinate system, addendum circle arc equation isξ1For the parameter of circular arc.CD sections are that honing wheel carries out secondary operation to the machined flank of tooth, this process is one
The process of skin processing improves gear surface quality.Gear teeth face is ideal involute helicoid, and any point phasor coordinate is thereon
Honing wheel surface any point phasor coordinate is given in step 2.2 step 1.1 and any point vector of gear surface is sat
Target expression formula, according to space meshing principle, two surfaces meet at the time of contact
WhereinFor in SgThe unit normal vector of honing wheel flank of tooth any point in coordinate system,For in SgTooth in coordinate system
The unit normal vector for taking turns flank of tooth any point after solve system of equation, obtainsWithRelationship, ξ1,μ2,θ2,Entirely
It uses in portionIt indicates.
Step 2.3 according to the corner of honing wheel, calculates the corner of the gear met the requirements by step 2.2, and CD section add
Work process corresponds to oneWithArray:
This array is input in control system, makes gear honing machine according to the rule control honing wheel and gear fortune in array
It is dynamic, complete the CD sections of gear surface finishings to be completed.
The method of improvement gear honing processing of the invention has following distinguishing feature:
1, it is processed using honing wheel top sword engagement process, improves the surface matter for being processed the Gear Root part flank of tooth
Amount, increases its fatigue strength;
2, preprocessing is carried out to tooth top using gear top sword engagement process, reduces machining allowance when formal processing, from
And improve the processing quality of tooth top;
3, tooth top tip relief or chamfered edge can be carried out using gear top sword engagement process, increases the function of gear honing lathe;
4, this method can also be used for the processing methods such as gear hobbing, shaving and roll flute, the cutter of use include hobboing cutter, gear shaver,
Worm grinding wheel and external-gearing honing wheel.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is contact point trace on the flank of tooth in the processing of raker tooth gear honing.
Fig. 2 is that spatial intersecting axis engages coordinate system.
Specific embodiment
Below in conjunction with specific processing instance, the present invention will be described:
Helical gears are processed using raker tooth gear honing processing method, are processed gear parameter: normal pressure angle αn2=
20 °, normal module mn2=4, tooth number Z2=56, helixangleβ2=12 °, dextrorotation, height of teeth top ha2=4, height of teeth root hf2=5.Worm screw
Shape grinding wheel parameter: normal pressure angle αn1=20 °, normal module mn1=4, head number Z1=3, helix angle γ1=8 °, dextrorotation, tooth
Rise ha1=4.85, height of teeth root hf1=5.5.
AB sections for processing, specific step is as follows:
(1) coordinate system shown in Fig. 2 is established, wherein Ss(Os-xs,ys,zs) and Sg(Og-xg,yg,zg) be respectively honing wheel and
Rest frame where gear, zsAxis and zgAxis is overlapped with the axis of honing wheel and gear respectively, S1(O1-x1,y1,z1) and S2
(O2-x2,y2,z2) it is the kinetic coordinate system connected with honing wheel and gear, z respectively1Axis and z2Axis respectively with honing wheel and gear
Axis be overlapped,WithFor the rotational angle of honing wheel and gear, rp1And rp2The respectively operating pitch of honing wheel and gear
Radius, λ are the crossed axis angles of honing wheel and gear, and P is the node of honing wheel and gear.There are two types of AB sections of major functions, first is that
Preprocessing is completed, second is that completing tooth top tip relief or chamfered edge.For both functions, the surface of honing wheel is that ideal gradually opens spiral
Face, any point phasor coordinate is expressed as thereonμ1And θ1It is two parameters that can arbitrarily indicate honing wheel surface.
For the first function, the flank of tooth of gear is also ideal involute helicoid, for second of function, the flank of tooth middle section of gear
Shape for ideal involute helicoid, tip portion is related to design requirement, including chamfered edge, circular arc and conic section etc. no matter
Be it is any, process be all it is identical, any point phasor coordinate on gear teeth face is expressed asμ2And θ2
It is two parameters that can arbitrarily indicate gear surface.
(2) honing wheel surface any point phasor coordinate and gear surface any point phasor coordinate are given in step (1)
Expression formula, according to space meshing principle, two surfaces meet at the time of contact
WhereinFor in SgThe unit normal vector of honing wheel flank of tooth any point in coordinate system,For in SgTooth in coordinate system
The unit normal vector for taking turns flank of tooth any point, it is available after solve system of equationWithRelationship, μ1,θ1,
μ2,θ2,It can all useIt indicates.
(3) corner of the gear met the requirements can be calculated according to the corner of honing wheel by step (2), AB section add
Work process corresponds to oneWithArray:
This array is input in control system, makes gear honing machine according to the rule control honing wheel and gear fortune in array
It is dynamic, preprocessing that AB sections to be completed and tooth top tip relief or chamfered edge can be completed.
CD sections for processing, specific step is as follows:
(1) coordinate system, such as Fig. 2 are established in the way of in AB sections of procedure of processings (1).CD sections are honing wheel tooth top in gear
Row is scraped on surface, and standard honing wheel tooth top is a crest line, and crest line scrapes row on the flank of tooth and is easy to wear, and this patent is by the honing gear teeth
Top is designed to arc-shaped, increases its service life.In S1In coordinate system, addendum circle arc equation isξ1For circular arc
Parameter.CD sections are that honing wheel carries out secondary operation to the machined flank of tooth, this process is the process of a skin processing, is improved
Gear surface quality.Gear teeth face equation is ideal involute helicoid
(2) honing wheel surface any point phasor coordinate and gear surface any point phasor coordinate are given in step (1)
Expression formula, according to space meshing principle, two surfaces meet at the time of contact
WhereinFor in SgThe unit normal vector of honing wheel flank of tooth any point in coordinate system,For in SgTooth in coordinate system
The unit normal vector for taking turns flank of tooth any point, it is available after solve system of equationWithRelationship, ξ1,μ2,θ2,It can all useIt indicates.
(3) corner of the gear met the requirements can be calculated according to the corner of honing wheel by step (2), CD section add
Work process corresponds to oneWithArray:
This array is input in control system, makes gear honing machine according to the rule control honing wheel and gear fortune in array
It is dynamic, the CD sections of gear surface finishings to be completed can be completed.
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CN107127404B (en) * | 2017-06-09 | 2018-06-29 | 合肥工业大学 | A kind of method for improving internal honing wheel strength gear honing machining accuracy |
CN107186287B (en) * | 2017-07-20 | 2018-10-02 | 合肥工业大学 | A method of it reducing the internal tooth strength gear honing top gem of a girdle-pendant and cuts radial load size |
CN112935420A (en) * | 2021-03-23 | 2021-06-11 | 重庆大学 | Involute gear shaving cutter and three-dimensional modeling method and gear shaving processing method thereof |
CN113333869B (en) * | 2021-04-30 | 2023-05-12 | 内蒙古民族大学 | Involute spiral surface internal meshing line contact conjugate surface analysis method and curved surface tooth scraping cutter |
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JP5751706B2 (en) * | 2011-10-26 | 2015-07-22 | ダイハツ工業株式会社 | Gear type workpiece processing method |
CN103231125B (en) * | 2013-05-04 | 2015-03-04 | 北京工业大学 | Novel gear honing processing method |
CN104759702B (en) * | 2015-03-31 | 2017-01-11 | 北京工业大学 | Topology shape correcting method for cylindrical gear |
CN105574249B (en) * | 2015-12-14 | 2018-08-28 | 北京工业大学 | The grinding force model of worm grinding wheel roll flute |
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