CN106735174B - A kind of 3D printing metal-base composites and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
A kind of 3D printing metal-base composites and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN106735174B CN106735174B CN201611248238.1A CN201611248238A CN106735174B CN 106735174 B CN106735174 B CN 106735174B CN 201611248238 A CN201611248238 A CN 201611248238A CN 106735174 B CN106735174 B CN 106735174B
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- 238000010146 3D printing Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 39
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 23
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 8
- 229910052594 sapphire Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 34
- 239000010980 sapphire Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 34
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 27
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 229910052748 manganese Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 229910052750 molybdenum Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 229910052759 nickel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 229910052758 niobium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 229910052710 silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 229910052804 chromium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 239000000314 lubricant Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- XKRFYHLGVUSROY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Argon Chemical compound [Ar] XKRFYHLGVUSROY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 32
- 239000011812 mixed powder Substances 0.000 claims description 27
- 229910052786 argon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 16
- 229910001220 stainless steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 16
- 239000010935 stainless steel Substances 0.000 claims description 16
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 12
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000006185 dispersion Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000004372 laser cladding Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 7
- 230000001681 protective effect Effects 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000003828 vacuum filtration Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000002270 dispersing agent Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000012188 paraffin wax Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- CERQOIWHTDAKMF-UHFFFAOYSA-M Methacrylate Chemical compound CC(=C)C([O-])=O CERQOIWHTDAKMF-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 4
- 229960000935 dehydrated alcohol Drugs 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000008367 deionised water Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910021641 deionized water Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Chemical group O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims 1
- 238000005253 cladding Methods 0.000 claims 1
- JEIPFZHSYJVQDO-UHFFFAOYSA-N iron(III) oxide Inorganic materials O=[Fe]O[Fe]=O JEIPFZHSYJVQDO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 239000003963 antioxidant agent Substances 0.000 abstract description 4
- 230000003078 antioxidant effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 4
- 235000006708 antioxidants Nutrition 0.000 abstract description 4
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 abstract description 4
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 abstract description 4
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 abstract description 3
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 15
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 12
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 description 11
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 9
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 7
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 5
- 229960004756 ethanol Drugs 0.000 description 5
- 235000019441 ethanol Nutrition 0.000 description 5
- 239000004033 plastic Substances 0.000 description 5
- 229920003023 plastic Polymers 0.000 description 5
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 4
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 238000000110 selective laser sintering Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000013078 crystal Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000007769 metal material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000011157 advanced composite material Substances 0.000 description 1
- PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium oxide Inorganic materials [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Al+3].[Al+3] PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000005452 bending Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000919 ceramic Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007795 chemical reaction product Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000008602 contraction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000002425 crystallisation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 210000001787 dendrite Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 238000010894 electron beam technology Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000008187 granular material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000005484 gravity Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000003754 machining Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000465 moulding Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000704 physical effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001376 precipitating effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000003014 reinforcing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000005060 rubber Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000007493 shaping process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000035939 shock Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000008646 thermal stress Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229920001169 thermoplastic Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000004416 thermosoftening plastic Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F1/00—Metallic powder; Treatment of metallic powder, e.g. to facilitate working or to improve properties
- B22F1/10—Metallic powder containing lubricating or binding agents; Metallic powder containing organic material
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F10/00—Additive manufacturing of workpieces or articles from metallic powder
- B22F10/20—Direct sintering or melting
- B22F10/25—Direct deposition of metal particles, e.g. direct metal deposition [DMD] or laser engineered net shaping [LENS]
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F10/00—Additive manufacturing of workpieces or articles from metallic powder
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F10/00—Additive manufacturing of workpieces or articles from metallic powder
- B22F10/30—Process control
- B22F10/34—Process control of powder characteristics, e.g. density, oxidation or flowability
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B33—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING TECHNOLOGY
- B33Y—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING, i.e. MANUFACTURING OF THREE-DIMENSIONAL [3-D] OBJECTS BY ADDITIVE DEPOSITION, ADDITIVE AGGLOMERATION OR ADDITIVE LAYERING, e.g. BY 3-D PRINTING, STEREOLITHOGRAPHY OR SELECTIVE LASER SINTERING
- B33Y10/00—Processes of additive manufacturing
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B33—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING TECHNOLOGY
- B33Y—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING, i.e. MANUFACTURING OF THREE-DIMENSIONAL [3-D] OBJECTS BY ADDITIVE DEPOSITION, ADDITIVE AGGLOMERATION OR ADDITIVE LAYERING, e.g. BY 3-D PRINTING, STEREOLITHOGRAPHY OR SELECTIVE LASER SINTERING
- B33Y70/00—Materials specially adapted for additive manufacturing
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C49/00—Alloys containing metallic or non-metallic fibres or filaments
- C22C49/02—Alloys containing metallic or non-metallic fibres or filaments characterised by the matrix material
- C22C49/08—Iron group metals
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C49/00—Alloys containing metallic or non-metallic fibres or filaments
- C22C49/14—Alloys containing metallic or non-metallic fibres or filaments characterised by the fibres or filaments
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P10/00—Technologies related to metal processing
- Y02P10/25—Process efficiency
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Automation & Control Theory (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Metallurgy (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Powder Metallurgy (AREA)
Abstract
The present invention provides a kind of 3D printing metal-base composites and preparation method thereof, 3D printing metal-base composites, including following component: iron powder 30-80 parts by weight；Assist powder 10-30 parts by weight；1 ~ 30 parts by weight of monocrystalline sapphire whisker；5 ~ 15 parts by weight of lubricant；The auxiliary powder is the mixture of Cr, Ni, Cu, Mn, Si, Mo, Nb and C powder.A kind of 3D printing of the invention has the multiple performances such as high intensity, high temperature resistant, anti-oxidant, corrosion-resistant with metal-base composites, suitable for functional prototype and series parts (turbine engine combustion chamber; thin-walled, complex parts), it is widely used in industry and aerospace field.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to 3D printing Material Fields, and in particular to a kind of 3D printing metal-base composites and its preparation side
Method.
Background technique
Stainless steel material, high-intensitive and toughness are suitable for functional prototype and series parts, are widely used in industry
And aerospace field.
Monocrystalline sapphire whisker (Single crystal sapphire Whisker, also known as monocrystalline sapphire fiber) is
A kind of signle crystal alumina whisker with certain draw ratio has superior mechanical intensity, heat shock resistance, specific gravity small, anti-oxidant, high
The excellent physical property such as wear-resisting amount and highly corrosion resistant.Monocrystalline sapphire whisker is suitable as ceramics, metal, plastics and rubber
Reinforcing component.Therefore, monocrystalline sapphire whisker becomes the optimal selection of third generation advanced composite material.
The principle of 3D printing technique is layered manufacturing, successively increases material to generate the technology of 3D solid, so quilt again
Referred to as increases material manufacturing technology.It not only overcomes tradition and subtracts the waste and loss of material manufacture, and make product manufacturing precision, efficiently
Change, it is intelligent.The high-end product of complicated shape is especially related to, 3D printing technique shows huge superiority.It is known as
The third time industrial revolution for overturning traditional manufacture, is put into China's strategic emerging industries.But since 3D printing technique is
Conventionally manufactured mode to be overturned, 3D printing material becomes the bottleneck of 3D printing technique, the development of 3D printing technique is limited,
This also becomes the innovative point and difficult point of 3D printing technique simultaneously.
Currently, common 3D printing material is mostly plastic material, using plastic material meltability and thermoplastic feature,
Under molten condition, by squeezing out, solidifies and be layering, ultimately form product.Plastic material is because it is with good heat flow
Property, be quickly cooled down caking property and higher mechanical strength, be rapidly developed and be widely applied in 3D printing field.But 3D
Printing technique eventually applies upper development to high-end industrial circle, and resinous plastic material is unable to satisfy the demand of high-end industry,
Therefore, 3D printing material gradually develops from high molecular material to metal_based material.
3D printing mainstream forming technique includes that selective laser sintering (SLS), melting precipitating molding (FDM), cubic light are solid
Change (SLA) etc..Metal powder mainly uses selective laser sintering as 3D printing raw material.Selective Laser Sintering is
It uses high-energy beam (laser, electron beam) as heat source, selective melting is carried out to powder, is continuously accumulated after cooling, ultimately forms production
Product since the usual fusing point of metal is higher, and are oxidized easily, will affect the intensity of product in this way.Molten metal material is solidifying
Gu volume contraction during will cause huge thermal stress, this also will affect the intensity of material.On the other hand, due to metal powder
Last particle diameter distribution is uneven, and crystallisation by cooling process is complicated and uncontrollable, it may appear that crystal is grown up with dendrite etc., and material will be reduced
Mechanical property, cause product that can not obtain high-end applications.
Summary of the invention
The purpose of the present invention is to provide a kind of 3D printing metal-base composites and preparation method thereof, in stainless steel
After monocrystalline sapphire whisker is added, bending elastic modulus, the tensile strength of product at high temperature can be significantly improved, is had high-strength
The multiple performances such as degree, high temperature resistant, anti-oxidant, corrosion-resistant are used to prepare high-strength, the fine engineering component of high-ductility, such as propeller for turboprop
Machine combustion chamber, thin-walled, complex parts.
In order to achieve the above object, the technical solution of the present invention is as follows:
A kind of 3D printing metal-base composites, including following component by weight:
Iron powder 35-74%
Assist powder 20%
Monocrystalline sapphire whisker 1 ~ 30%
Lubricant 5 ~ 15%；
It is described auxiliary powder be Cr, Ni, Cu, Mn, Si, Mo, Nb and C powder mixture, assist powder in Cr,
The accounting of Ni, Cu, Mn, Si, Mo, Nb and C in 3D printing metal-base composites are as follows: Cr 12%；Ni 4%；Cu
3%；Mn 0.3%；Si 0.3%；Mo 0.2%；Nb 0.15%；C 0.05%.
The monocrystalline sapphire whisker is 0.1 ~ 1 μm of diameter, and length is 5 ~ 20 μm, preferred length is 5-10 μm；Density is
4g/cm3, purity (wt%) is the monocrystalline sapphire whisker of 90-99.9%.
The lubricant is that paraffin or methacrylate are at least one.
(1) by Fe, Cr, Ni, Cu, Mn, Si, Mo, Nb and C powder monocrystalline sapphire whisker and lubricant according to
Formula ratio is added in dispersing agent, stirs 6 ~ 18 h.The dispersing agent is deionized water or dehydrated alcohol, each powder, monocrystalline
The volume ratio of sapphire whisker and lubricant and dispersing agent is 1:1 ~ 10, and the mixing speed is 350 ~ 550r/min.
(2) Xiang Shangshu mixed liquor is being ultrasonically treated 10 ~ 30min.
(3) the uniform mixture of dispersion mixing is filtered on vacuum filtration machine.
(4) dry 4 ~ 6 h in 60 DEG C ~ 80 DEG C of drying box of gained mixed-powder will be filtered to be dried for standby.
(5) mixed-powder is placed in argon protective device, is passed through the high-purity argon gas of certain flow in advance, keep device intracavitary
Oxygen content is less than 40 μ L/ L.The high-purity argon gas flow is 4 ~ 40L/min purity >=99.99%.
(6) program is run, by laser automatic powder feeding device, mixed-powder is ejected into the molten bath of laser beam generation, shape
At the laser cladding layer that stainless steel and monocrystalline sapphire whisker combine, realized by each layer of nc program successively molten
It covers, finally obtains the three-dimensional stainless steel component of required shape.
The beneficial effects of the present invention are:
The utility model has the advantages that
(1) a kind of 3D printing of the invention metal-base composites has high intensity, high temperature resistant, anti-oxidant, corrosion-resistant
Etc. multiple performances, be suitable for functional prototype and series parts (turbine engine combustion chamber, thin-walled, complex parts), quilt
It is widely used in industry and aerospace field.
(2) a kind of 3D printing of the invention has powder granule small with metal-base composites, and particle diameter distribution is narrow, mobility
Preferably, preferable with 3D printer shaping speed matching；Product property is stablized, and precision is high.
(3) a kind of 3D printing of the invention is simple with metal-base composites process, easy to industrialized production；
(4) a kind of 3D printing of the invention is easy to get with metal-base composites raw material, at low cost, and has good ring
Border benefit and economic benefit.
Specific embodiment
The present invention is described in further detail by embodiment.
Embodiment 1
(1) the quality percentage of Fe, Cr, Ni, Cu, Mn, Si, Mo, Nb, C, monocrystalline sapphire whisker and lubricant
Than are as follows: Fe:74%, Cr:12%, Ni:4%, Cu:3%, Mn:0.3%, Si:0.3%, Mo:0.2%, Nb:
0.15 %, C:0.05%, monocrystalline sapphire whisker: 1%, paraffin: 5%.
(2) mixed-powder 1000g is weighed according to above-mentioned formula ratio and be added in anhydrous 1250ml ethyl alcohol, stir with speed
350r/min stirs 18 h.
(3) Xiang Shangshu mixed liquor is being ultrasonically treated 10 ~ 30min.
(4) the uniform mixture of dispersion mixing is filtered on vacuum filtration machine.
(5) dry 4 ~ 6 h in 80 DEG C of drying box of gained mixed-powder will be filtered to be dried for standby.
(6) mixed-powder is placed in argon protective device, is passed through the high-purity argon gas of certain flow in advance, keep device intracavitary
Oxygen content is less than 40 μ L/ L.
(7) program is run, by laser automatic powder feeding device, mixed-powder is ejected into the molten bath of laser beam generation, shape
At the laser cladding layer that stainless steel and monocrystalline sapphire whisker combine, realized by each layer of nc program successively molten
It covers, finally obtains the three-dimensional stainless steel component of required shape.
Embodiment 2
(1) the quality percentage of Fe, Cr, Ni, Cu, Mn, Si, Mo, Nb, C, monocrystalline sapphire whisker and lubricant
Than are as follows: Fe:65%, Cr:12%, Ni:4%, Cu:3 %, Mn:0.3%, Si:0.3%, Mo:0.2%, Nb:
0.15%, C:0.05%, monocrystalline sapphire whisker: 5%, paraffin: 10%.
(2) mixed-powder 1000g is weighed according to above-mentioned formula ratio and be added in anhydrous 1800ml ethyl alcohol, stir with speed
450r/min stirs 10 h.
(3) Xiang Shangshu mixed liquor is being ultrasonically treated 10 ~ 30min.
(4) the uniform mixture of dispersion mixing is filtered on vacuum filtration machine.
(5) dry 4 ~ 6 h in 80 DEG C of drying box of gained mixed-powder will be filtered to be dried for standby.
(6) mixed-powder is placed in argon protective device, is passed through the high-purity argon gas of certain flow in advance, keep device intracavitary
Oxygen content is less than 40 μ L/ L.
(7) program is run, by laser automatic powder feeding device, mixed-powder is ejected into the molten bath of laser beam generation, shape
At the laser cladding layer that stainless steel and monocrystalline sapphire whisker combine, realized by each layer of nc program successively molten
It covers, finally obtains the three-dimensional stainless steel component of required shape.
Embodiment 3
(1) the quality percentage of Fe, Cr, Ni, Cu, Mn, Si, Mo, Nb, C, monocrystalline sapphire whisker and lubricant
Than are as follows: Fe:60%, Cr:12%, Ni:4 %, Cu:3%, Mn:0.3%, Si:0.3%, Mo:0.2%, Nb:
0.15%, C:0.05%, monocrystalline sapphire whisker: 10%, paraffin: 10%.
(2) mixed-powder 1000g is weighed according to above-mentioned formula ratio and be added in anhydrous 2500ml ethyl alcohol, stir with speed
500r/min stirs 10 h.
(3) Xiang Shangshu mixed liquor is being ultrasonically treated 10 ~ 30min.
(4) the uniform mixture of dispersion mixing is filtered on vacuum filtration machine.
(5) dry 4 ~ 6 h in 60 DEG C of drying box of gained mixed-powder will be filtered to be dried for standby.
(6) mixed-powder is placed in argon protective device, is passed through the high-purity argon gas of certain flow in advance, keep device intracavitary
Oxygen content is less than 40 μ L/ L.
(7) program is run, by laser automatic powder feeding device, mixed-powder is ejected into the molten bath of laser beam generation, shape
At the laser cladding layer that stainless steel and monocrystalline sapphire whisker combine, realized by each layer of nc program successively molten
It covers, finally obtains the three-dimensional stainless steel component of required shape.
Embodiment 4
(1) the quality percentage of Fe, Cr, Ni, Cu, Mn, Si, Mo, Nb, C, monocrystalline sapphire whisker and lubricant
Than are as follows: Fe:55%, Cr:12%, Ni:4%, Cu:3%, Mn:0.3%, Si:0.3 %, Mo:0.2%, Nb:
0.15%, C:0.05%, monocrystalline sapphire whisker: 15%, methacrylate: 10%.
(2) mixed-powder 1000g is weighed according to above-mentioned formula ratio and be added in anhydrous 5000ml ethyl alcohol, stir with speed
500r/min stirs 10 h.
(3) Xiang Shangshu mixed liquor is being ultrasonically treated 10 ~ 30min.
(4) the uniform mixture of dispersion mixing is filtered on vacuum filtration machine.
(5) dry 4 ~ 6 h in 70 DEG C of drying box of gained mixed-powder will be filtered to be dried for standby.
(6) mixed-powder is placed in argon protective device, is passed through the high-purity argon gas of certain flow in advance, keep device intracavitary
Oxygen content is less than 40 μ L/ L.
(7) program is run, by laser automatic powder feeding device, mixed-powder is ejected into the molten bath of laser beam generation, shape
At the laser cladding layer that stainless steel and monocrystalline sapphire whisker combine, realized by each layer of nc program successively molten
It covers, finally obtains the three-dimensional stainless steel component of required shape.
Embodiment 5
(1) the quality percentage of Fe, Cr, Ni, Cu, Mn, Si, Mo, Nb, C, monocrystalline sapphire whisker and lubricant
Than are as follows: Fe:35 %, Cr:12%, Ni:4%, Cu:3 %, Mn:0.3%, Si:0.3%, Mo:0.2%, Nb:
0.15%, C:0.05%, monocrystalline sapphire whisker: 30%, methacrylate: 15%.
(2) mixed-powder 1000g is weighed according to above-mentioned formula ratio and be added in anhydrous 6250ml ethyl alcohol, stir with speed
550r/min stirs 6 h.
(3) Xiang Shangshu mixed liquor is being ultrasonically treated 10 ~ 30min.
(4) the uniform mixture of dispersion mixing is filtered on vacuum filtration machine.
(5) dry 4 ~ 6 h in 70 DEG C of drying box of gained mixed-powder will be filtered to be dried for standby.
(6) mixed-powder is placed in argon protective device, is passed through the high-purity argon gas of certain flow in advance, keep device intracavitary
Oxygen content is less than 40 μ L/ L.
(7) program is run, by laser automatic powder feeding device, mixed-powder is ejected into the molten bath of laser beam generation, shape
At the laser cladding layer that stainless steel and monocrystalline sapphire whisker combine, realized by each layer of nc program successively molten
It covers, finally obtains the three-dimensional stainless steel component of required shape.
Three-dimensional stainless steel component prepared by embodiment 1-5 carries out measuring mechanical property respectively, and test result is as follows:
The mechanical performance of subordinate list case study on implementation metal-base composites 3D printing part
Show 3D printing part prepared by the present invention in terms of tensile strength, hardness and elongation at break by above data
The standard of production application can be reached, and prepared by 3D printing, improve machining accuracy and production efficiency, reduction is produced into
This, thus 3D printing prepared by the present invention with metal-base composites compared with prior art, have apparent advantage.
The basic principles, main features and advantages of the present invention have been shown and described above.The technology of the industry
Personnel are it should be appreciated that the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments, and the above embodiments and description only describe this
The principle of invention, various changes and improvements may be made to the invention without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention, these changes
Change and improvement all fall within the protetion scope of the claimed invention.The claimed scope of the invention by appended claims and its
Equivalent defines.
Claims (6)
1. a kind of 3D printing metal-base composites, it is characterised in that: including following component by weight percentage:
Iron powder 35-74%
Assist powder 20%
Monocrystalline sapphire whisker 1 ~ 30%
Lubricant 5 ~ 15%；
It is described auxiliary powder be Cr, Ni, Cu, Mn, Si, Mo, Nb and C powder mixture, assist powder in Cr, Ni,
The accounting of Cu, Mn, Si, Mo, Nb and C in 3D printing metal-base composites are as follows: Cr 12%；Ni 4%；Cu 3%；
Mn 0.3%；Si 0.3%；Mo 0.2%；Nb 0.15%；C 0.05%.
2. 3D printing metal-base composites according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: the monocrystalline sapphire whisker
It is 0.1 ~ 1 μm of diameter, length is 5 ~ 20 μm, density 4g/cm3, purity (wt%) is the monocrystalline sapphire whisker of 90-99.9%.
3. 3D printing metal-base composites according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: the lubricant be paraffin or
Methacrylate is at least one.
4. a kind of preparation method of 3D printing metal-base composites, it is characterised in that: (1) by Fe, Cr, Ni, Cu, Mn,
Si, Mo, Nb and C powder, monocrystalline sapphire whisker and lubricant are added according to the described in any item formula ratios of claim 1-3
In dispersing agent, 6 ~ 18 h are stirred；
(2) 10 ~ 30min is ultrasonically treated to above-mentioned mixed liquor；
(3) the uniform mixture of dispersion mixing is filtered on vacuum filtration machine；
(4) dry 4 ~ 6 h in 60 DEG C ~ 80 DEG C of drying box of gained mixed-powder will be filtered to be dried for standby；
(5) mixed-powder is placed in argon protective device, is passed through the high-purity argon gas of certain flow in advance, keep device intracavitary oxygen-containing
Amount is less than 40 μ L/ L；Mixed-powder obtained is 3D printing metal-base composites；
(6) program is run, by laser automatic powder feeding device, mixed-powder is ejected into the molten bath of laser beam generation, is formed not
The laser cladding layer that rust steel and monocrystalline sapphire whisker combine realizes layer-by-layer cladding by each layer of nc program, most
The three-dimensional stainless steel component of required shape is obtained eventually.
5. the preparation method of 3D printing metal-base composites according to claim 4 is divided described in the step (1)
Powder is deionized water or dehydrated alcohol, the body of each powder, the volume of monocrystalline sapphire whisker and lubricant and dispersing agent
For product than being 1:1 ~ 10, the mixing speed is 350 ~ 550r/min.
6. the preparation method of 3D printing metal-base composites according to claim 5, the high-purity argon gas flow is 4
~ 40L/min, purity >=99.99%.
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| CN107299239B (en) * | 2017-07-11 | 2019-09-03 | 黑龙江工程学院 | Method for preparing graphene-reinforced aluminum matrix composites by selective laser melting |
| CN107570697A (en) * | 2017-09-07 | 2018-01-12 | 王明江 | A kind of iron powder for 3D printing |
| US10982306B2 (en) | 2017-10-30 | 2021-04-20 | GM Global Technology Operations LLC | Additive manufacturing process and powder material therefor |
| CN107988504A (en) * | 2017-11-08 | 2018-05-04 | 昆明理工大学 | A kind of stratiform corrugated metal based composites and preparation method thereof |
| CN108161017B (en) * | 2018-01-04 | 2021-03-30 | 广东银纳科技有限公司 | Metal powder for 3D printing and preparation method thereof |
| CN108977690B (en) * | 2018-07-31 | 2020-01-31 | 河北工业大学 | Sapphire whisker toughened TiAlNbMo alloy composite material and preparation method thereof |
| CN113500424B (en) * | 2021-07-26 | 2022-06-14 | 无锡市润和机械有限公司 | Numerical control vertical lathe machining method for large-caliber ultrathin-wall part of aircraft engine |
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