CN106704583B - Wheel machine walking excavator automatic gearshift - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses an automatic shifting mechanism for a wheeled mechanical walking excavator, which includes a control panel, a solenoid valve and a cylinder. The solenoid valve includes solenoid valve A, solenoid valve B and solenoid valve C. The cylinder includes a shift cylinder A and a shift cylinder. B and clutch cylinder; Solenoid valve A, Solenoid valve B and Solenoid valve C are respectively electrically connected to the control end of the control panel, Solenoid valve A, Solenoid valve B and Solenoid valve C are all connected to the air path of the gas storage tank of the excavator, Solenoid valve A and shift cylinder A, solenoid valve B and shift cylinder B, solenoid valve C and clutch cylinder are respectively connected in one-to-one correspondence; the piston shaft of shift cylinder A is connected to shift rod A of the gearbox, and the shift cylinder The piston shaft of B is connected to the shift rod B of the gearbox. The invention realizes the automatic shifting operation of the mechanical transmission, has the characteristics of simple structure, stable and reliable, and easy operation, and avoids problems such as damage to the transmission mechanism caused by unskilled operation and misoperation, or even safety accidents.

Description

Automatic shifting mechanism of wheeled mechanical walking excavator

technical field

The invention relates to the field of wheeled mechanical walking excavators, in particular to an automatic shift mechanism of a wheeled mechanical walking excavator.

Background technique

An excavator is an earth-moving machine that uses a bucket to dig materials higher or lower than the bearing surface, and loads them into transport vehicles or unloads them into the stockyard. Excavators have become one of the most important construction machinery in engineering construction. . According to different transmission methods, excavators can be divided into hydraulic walking excavators and mechanical walking excavators. Compared with mechanical transmission, hydraulic transmission is a new technology. Compared with wheeled mechanical walking excavators, hydraulic excavators have more components It has the advantages of flexible layout and installation, large-scale stepless speed regulation, and easy automatic control. However, because the hydraulic excavator uses liquid as the medium, there are corresponding defects: severe heat generation, not suitable for long-distance walking; mechanical loss, pressure loss, and leakage loss in the transmission; sensitive to oil temperature, it is not suitable to use components at low or high temperatures, The manufacturing precision is high, and the cost is high; it is not easy to diagnose when the device fails; and so on. Therefore, in some situations that require flexible mobility and long-distance walking, the mechanical walking excavator still has its outstanding advantages.

The existing wheeled mechanical walking excavator, as shown in Figure 2, has a gear shift mechanism that uses a flexible shaft cable or a pull rod mechanism to control the two shift rods A and B on the manual gearbox respectively; the clutch cylinder is controlled by the clutch pedal. , so that the clutch on the gearbox is disengaged or combined, so as to realize the remote operation of manual shifting in the cab. People in the cab operate through the shift handle, and transmit the mechanical displacement to the two shift mechanisms on the gearbox through the flexible shaft. Because the reliability of the flexible shaft or the pull rod mechanism is low, frequent maintenance is required; in addition, the manual shift method is more complicated and requires the skilled cooperation of the feet, which is inconvenient to operate. security incident.

In view of this, the inventor of this case conducted in-depth research on the above-mentioned problems, and proposed an automatic gear shift mechanism and a wheeled mechanical walking excavator specially for wheeled mechanical walking excavators, and this case arose from this.

Contents of the invention

An object of the present invention is to provide an automatic shifting mechanism for a wheeled mechanical walking excavator, which realizes the automatic shifting operation of mechanical transmission through ingenious structural design, and overcomes the above-mentioned defects existing in the existing manual flexible shaft or pull rod shifting.

In order to achieve the above object, the solution of the present invention is:

The automatic shifting mechanism of the wheeled mechanical walking excavator includes a control panel, a solenoid valve and a cylinder. The solenoid valve includes solenoid valve A, solenoid valve B and solenoid valve C. The cylinder includes shift cylinder A, shift cylinder B and clutch cylinder; Solenoid valve A, solenoid valve B and solenoid valve C are respectively electrically connected to the control terminal of the control panel. Solenoid valve A, solenoid valve B and solenoid valve C are all connected to the air path of the gas storage tank of the excavator. Solenoid valve A is connected to the shift cylinder A. The solenoid valve B is connected to the shift cylinder B, and the solenoid valve C is connected to the clutch cylinder in one-to-one correspondence; the piston shaft of the shift cylinder A is connected to the shift rod A of the excavator gearbox, and the piston of the shift cylinder B The shaft is connected to the shift lever B of the excavator gearbox.

The clutch cylinder is connected with a bypass air path, and the bypass air path is bypass connected to the pneumatic air path of the brake pedal of the excavator, and a travel switch is arranged on the bypass air path.

The cylinder outlets of the shift cylinder A, the shift cylinder B and the clutch cylinder are all provided with pressure switches.

The control panel is a control panel with an ECU module integrated inside, and it has two control modes of automatic auxiliary shifting and automatic shifting.

The control panel has a control button unit for mode setting and gear shifting, and a display unit for displaying the current gear position and prompting for gear shifting.

Another object of the present invention is to provide a wheeled mechanical walking excavator, including an engine, a gearbox and a mechanical transmission assembly connected in sequence; the gearbox is connected with an automatic shift mechanism, and the automatic shift mechanism includes a control panel, a solenoid valve and a cylinder , the solenoid valve includes solenoid valve A, solenoid valve B and solenoid valve C, and the cylinder includes shift cylinder A, shift cylinder B and clutch cylinder; solenoid valve A, solenoid valve B and solenoid valve C are respectively electrically connected to the control terminal of the control panel , Solenoid valve A, Solenoid valve B and Solenoid valve C are all connected to the air path of the gas storage tank of the excavator, Solenoid valve A is connected to the shift cylinder A, Solenoid valve B is connected to the shift cylinder B, Solenoid valve C is connected to the clutch cylinder respectively One-to-one corresponding air circuit connection; the piston shaft of the shift cylinder A is connected to the shift rod A of the gearbox, and the piston shaft of the shift cylinder B is connected to the shift rod B of the gearbox.

The wheeled mechanical walking excavator also includes a brake pedal, which is connected to the gas path of the excavator's gas storage tank, and a bypass gas path is connected between the pneumatic gas path of the brake pedal and the clutch cylinder, and the bypass gas path is provided with Limit switch.

The cylinder outlets of the shift cylinder A, the shift cylinder B and the clutch cylinder are all provided with pressure switches.

The control panel is a control panel with an ECU module integrated inside, and it has two control modes of automatic auxiliary shifting and automatic shifting.

The control panel has a control button unit for mode setting and gear shifting, and a display unit for displaying the current gear position and prompting for gear shifting.

After adopting the above scheme, the present invention provides a wheeled mechanical walking excavator automatic shifting mechanism and wheeled mechanical walking excavator. Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effect is that the present invention is based on the existing wheeled mechanical walking excavator itself The air source and simultaneous brake are improved designs for air brakes, abandoning the existing mechanical shift mechanism and clutch pedal, and only need to add corresponding control panels, solenoid valves, and cylinders, and flexibly connect with corresponding wiring harnesses and pipelines to form a The invention is specially applied to the automatic shifting mechanism of the wheeled mechanical walking excavator to realize automatic shifting. In this way, the present invention not only maintains the self-advantages of the mechanical transmission of the wheeled mechanical walking excavator, but also converts the original cumbersome mechanical shifting operation into the automatic and simple shifting operation of the present invention. The clutch operation only needs to be operated by a button. It has the characteristics of simple structure, stability and reliability, and easy operation.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is the control schematic diagram of the automatic shift mechanism of the wheeled mechanical walking excavator of the present invention;

Fig. 2 is the structural representation of existing wheeled mechanical walking excavator;

Fig. 3 is the structural representation of gearbox;

Fig. 4 is a schematic diagram of the shift action of the shift rod B of the gearbox;

Fig. 5 is a schematic diagram of the shift action of the shift rod A of the gearbox.

Label description

control panel 1 display unit 11

Solenoid valve A 21 Solenoid valve B 22

Solenoid valve C 23 Shift cylinder A 31

Shift cylinder B 32 Clutch cylinder 33

Bypass air path 331 Air tank 4

Brake pedal 5 Pneumatic air circuit 51

Engine 100 Transmission 200

Shift lever A 201 Shift lever B 202

Mechanical transmission assembly 300 .

Detailed ways

The present case will be described in further detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

This case involves an automatic shift mechanism for a wheeled mechanical walking excavator, as shown in Figure 1, including a control panel 1, a solenoid valve and a cylinder. Wherein, the solenoid valve includes solenoid valve A21 , solenoid valve B22 and solenoid valve C23 , and the cylinder includes shift cylinder A31 , shift cylinder B32 and clutch cylinder 33 .

The electrical connection terminals of the solenoid valve A21 , the solenoid valve B22 and the solenoid valve C23 are respectively electrically connected to the control terminal of the control panel 1 . The gas path connection ends of the solenoid valve A21, the solenoid valve B22 and the solenoid valve C23 are all connected to the gas path of the gas storage tank 4 of the excavator. The solenoid valve A21 is connected to the shifting cylinder A31, the solenoid valve B22 is connected to the shifting cylinder B32, and the solenoid valve C23 is connected to the clutch cylinder 33 in a one-to-one correspondence. Air storage tank 4, solenoid valve (solenoid valve A21, solenoid valve B22 and solenoid valve C23) and cylinders (shift cylinder A31, shift cylinder B32 and clutch cylinder 33) form three sets of mutually independent pneumatic circuits (P in Fig. 1 T stands for intake, T stands for exhaust).

The piston shaft of the shift cylinder A31 is connected to the shift rod A201 of the excavator gearbox 200 , and the piston shaft of the shift cylinder B32 is connected to the shift rod B202 of the gearbox 200 . According to the different action requirements of the cylinders in different application occasions, the shift cylinder A31 and the shift cylinder B32 are specifically two-way cylinders, and the clutch cylinder 33 is a one-way cylinder.

In this way, the operation of the solenoid valves (solenoid valve A21, solenoid valve B22 and solenoid valve C23) is controlled by the control panel 1, and the solenoid valves (solenoid valve A21, solenoid valve B22 and solenoid valve C23) respectively control the shift cylinders A31, The shift cylinder B32 and the clutch cylinder 33 work properly, and finally realize the automatic shift function with clutch linkage. Specifically, during the automatic shift control, the operator only needs to operate the relevant buttons on the control panel 1, and the control panel 1 automatically controls the orderly cooperation of the solenoid valves to realize the clutch linkage automatic shift work. First, the clutch cylinder 33 ventilates, and then both the shift cylinder A31 and the shift cylinder B32 ventilate and cooperate with each other to drive the shift rod A201 and the shift rod B202 to move appropriately to realize the shift action. After the shift action is completed, The clutch cylinder 33 is released and returned to its original position, thus completing a complete automatic gear shift control action coherently. The shift action principle of the shift rod A201 and the shift rod B202 is the same as that of the existing mechanical transmission shift action. For details, refer to Figure 4-5 and the table below. In the table, 0 indicates the reached position, and X indicates the neutral state.

Preferably, the clutch cylinder 33 is connected with a bypass air passage 331, and the bypass air passage 331 is bypass connected to the pneumatic air passage 51 of the brake pedal 5 of the excavator. The bypass air passage 331 is provided with a travel switch, and the travel switch Cooperate with the braking action of the brake pedal 5 to control the on-off of the bypass air passage 331 . During operation, the excavator performs pneumatic braking through the brake pedal 5. When there is a large braking action, the bypass air passage 331 is connected to make the clutch cylinder 33 act, thereby driving the gearbox 200 to separate from the engine 100, thereby increasing the braking effect.

Preferably, pressure switches are added at the cylinder outlets of the shift cylinder A31 , shift cylinder B32 and clutch cylinder 33 , and the pressure switches are electrically connected to the control panel 1 . In this way, when no pressure is generated, the feedback of the pressure switch serves as a reminder and alarm function, and of course it also facilitates troubleshooting.

The control panel 1 is preferably a control panel with an ECU module integrated inside. Through the ECU module, the sequence and timing of the shift action can be determined according to the operator's shift intention instruction, combined with the engine speed or other monitoring information, to prevent The gearbox is damaged. The ECU module is preferably electrically connected with a rotational speed sensor 61 and other sensors 62. Through the design of the ECU module, the automatic shifting mechanism can realize two control modes of automatic auxiliary shifting and automatic shifting. In the automatic auxiliary shift mode, the operator only needs to press the corresponding gear button to realize automatic control. Fully automatic shift mode, according to the speed and other sensor information, the automatic shift processing is carried out, and the operator does not consider the gear position.

The control panel 1 has a control button unit for mode setting (auxiliary/automatic) and gear shifting operations. The control panel 1 also has a display unit 11 for displaying the current gear position and realizing the function of prompting for gear shifting.

Another object of the present invention is to provide a novel wheeled mechanical walking excavator, including an engine 100, a gearbox 200, and a mechanical transmission assembly 300 connected in sequence, and the connection of this part is common knowledge (see FIG. 2). The innovative point of the wheeled mechanical walking excavator of the present invention is that the gearbox 200 is connected with an automatic shift mechanism, and the automatic shift mechanism is as described above, and will not be described in detail here. The brake pedal 5 is a component structure of a wheeled mechanical walking excavator, and the brake pedal 5 is connected with the gas storage tank 4 of the excavator to realize pneumatic braking. A bypass air passage 331 is connected between the pneumatic air passage 51 of the brake pedal 5 and the clutch cylinder 33 , and the travel switch is provided on the bypass air passage 331 .

The above descriptions are only preferred embodiments of the present invention, and all equivalent changes and modifications made in accordance with the scope of the claims of the present invention shall fall within the scope of the claims of the present invention.

Claims (4)

1. The excavator automatic gearshift 1. wheel machine is walked, it is characterised in that：Including control panel, solenoid valve and cylinder, electricity Magnet valve includes solenoid valve A, solenoid valve B and solenoid valve C, and cylinder includes shifting cylinder A, shifting cylinder B and clutch air cylinder；Solenoid valve A, solenoid valve B and solenoid valve C is electrically connected the control terminal of control panel respectively, solenoid valve A, solenoid valve B and solenoid valve C with digging The air accumulator gas circuit of pick machine connects, solenoid valve A and shifting cylinder A, solenoid valve B and shifting cylinder B, solenoid valve C and clutch air cylinder It carries out corresponding gas circuit connection respectively；The shift pull rod A of the piston shaft connecting excavator gearbox of shifting cylinder A, gas of shifting gears The shift pull rod B of the piston shaft connecting excavator gearbox of cylinder B；The clutch air cylinder is connected with bypass gas circuit, the bypass gas circuit In the pneumatic gas circuit for bypassing the brake pedal for being connected to excavator, bypass gas circuit is equipped with travel switch.
2. The excavator automatic gearshift 2. wheel machine as described in claim 1 is walked, it is characterised in that：The shifting cylinder A, it is equipped with pressure switch at the cylinder outlet of shifting cylinder B and clutch air cylinder.
3. The excavator automatic gearshift 3. wheel machine as described in claim 1 is walked, it is characterised in that：The control panel To be internally integrated the control panel of ECU modules, have from dynamic auxiliary shift and two kinds of control models of automatically shifting gears.
4. The excavator automatic gearshift 4. wheel machine as described in claim 1 is walked, it is characterised in that：The control panel The control button unit for setting and shifting gears with operation mode, and the display unit with display current gear and prompt shift.