The content of the invention
According to deficiency and blank that prior art is present, the present inventor provides a kind of brand-new high-purity silicon carbide
The preparation method of powder, with high purity silane and high-purity carbon dust as raw material, collocation uses corresponding porous graphite earthenware to the method
Crucible and graphite pallet, can obtain the sic powder of high-purity under the protection of inert gas;In this way, it is to avoid
The impurity that other materials are brought into, the utensil prepared by pure graphite is reacted, and before the reaction the phase can carry out environment removal of impurities,
Condition needed for sic powder production has been reached while purity is ensured, for the production of high-purity carborundum powder is provided
A kind of brand-new path, has filled up the blank of prior art.
Concrete technical scheme of the invention is as follows:
A kind of preparation method of high-purity silicon carbide powder, mainly using a kind of brand-new high-purity silicon carbide powder processing unit (plant)
Realize, the processing unit (plant) structure is as follows:
Including porous graphite crucible and built-in graphite tray set, if the graphite tray set is by dried layer graphite support disk
Composition, is carried between the graphite pallet by graphite support;Through hole is evenly arranged with the graphite crucible outer wall;
After above-mentioned special equipment is obtained, it is as follows that inventor further provides preparation method:
1. every layer of graphite pallet high-purity carbon dust layering of purity 99.9999% and the above being placed in porous graphite crucible
On, every layer of thickness of carbon dust is 5-15mm, seals burner hearth;
2. burner hearth vacuum is evacuated to 10-6Mbar, while temperature in burner hearth is risen into 1800-2300 DEG C, keeps 5-15h;
3. fire box temperature is delayed and be down to 1500-1800 DEG C, while being passed through inert protective gas, and furnace pressure is risen to
500-900mbar;
4. after boosting terminates, terminate until reacting to high purity silane is continually fed into furnace chamber;
5. in course of reaction, keep the pressure in burner hearth constant, while temperature is slowly increased into 1800-2300 DEG C, make silicon
Alkane is decomposed and fully reacted with high-purity carbon dust, and the reaction time is 100-150h;
6. after reaction terminates, temperature is delayed and is down to room temperature, you can obtain high-purity silicon carbide powder.
Protective gas wherein in step 3 is selected from argon gas or helium, and gas flow is 100-500sccm;
Silane in step 4 is selected from monosilane SiH4Or disilane Si2H6, purity is 99.9999%-99.9999999%;
Using the apparatus and method of above-mentioned offer of the invention, high-purity carbon dust is placed directly within graphite pallet during preparation, often
Carbon dust can be taken up on layer pallet, the utilization rate that improve raw material increased yield, and after selecting high purity silane as raw material,
It enters crucible in a gaseous form, is placed because high-purity carbon dust is layered, and thus considerably increases contact of the silane with carbon dust
Area, is uniformly heated advantageously in the carrying out of reaction, and after layering placement, and it is more thorough that reaction is carried out;
Because crucible employs porous design, through hole, or even crucible body bottom are also provided with its crucible cover and crucible body
Portion can similarly set through hole, so that protective gas and silane can be completely filled with whole reaction crucible, be conducive to anti-
The transmission of the carrying out answered and heat, make that whole reaction carries out is more uniform, and in order to ensure the efficiency of reaction, inventor is by every layer
The thickness control of carbon dust is 5-15mm, and space can be left when being piled up using carbon dust after this thickness, and the silane of gas phase can be allowed to soak
Enter internal layer carbon dust fully to react;And outer layer carbon dust reacts after forming silicon-carbide particle also enter with the silicon components that silane is decomposed to form
One step increases intergranular accumulation hole, so as to ensure the abundant reaction of internal layer carbon dust and silane catabolite;It is simultaneously of the invention
Using in crucible multiple layer tray set also for allow carbon dust pile up be unlikely to blocked up, so as to increase the contact with silicon components
Response area, raising reaction efficiency, while being easy to the separation and acquisition of silicon carbide powder after reaction;
In addition, the present invention replaces silica flour using high purity silane, and high purity silane is with purity higher, and building-up process
Middle flow is controllable, with more preferable operability, can preferably control the carrying out of reaction;
And compared with prior art, another difference of the invention is exactly after using above-mentioned silane, in HIGH-PURITY SILICON
Before alkane is passed through burner hearth, the carbon dust of interior only one of the placing response thing of burner hearth, this is different from silica flour and carbon in traditional synthesis
Powder is put into burner hearth simultaneously.Because the fusing point of silicon only has 1400 DEG C, to prevent silicon components from melting volatilization, can not enter in traditional handicraft
Row early stage high-temperature process (1600 DEG C of >) is purified, and is caused a large amount of impurity to remain in burner hearth and is incorporated into synthesis during the course of the reaction
In powder.And in the present invention, the silane that silicon components pass through subsequently to be passed through decomposes offer, carbon dust is only placed before the reaction, therefore
The melting volatilization of silicon need not be considered, fire box temperature can be promoted into more than 1800 DEG C is carried out thoroughly with by high temperature to burner hearth
Purification, so as to reduce influence of the impurity to silicon carbide powder, improves purity;
For the foregoing reasons, before whole reaction is carried out, inventor utilizes high vacuum to whole burner hearth and crucible and pallet
Removal of impurities is carried out with high temperature, the impurity in reactor can so have been removed substantially;
In addition to the above, the other guide in carborundum powder preparation process involved in the present invention, such as heating side
Formula, heat time, growth atmosphere, heating rate and cooldown rate etc., can refer to prior art completion, and inventor is herein no longer
Repeat;
In sum, a kind of preparation method of brand-new high-purity silicon carbide powder is inventor provided, the method is with high-purity
Degree silane and high-purity carbon dust are raw material, and collocation uses corresponding porous graphite crucible and graphite pallet, in the guarantor of inert gas
The lower sic powder that can obtain high-purity of shield;In this way, it is to avoid the impurity that other materials are brought into, by pure stone
Utensil prepared by ink is reacted, and the condition needed for sic powder production has been reached while purity is ensured, is high-purity
The production of sic powder provides a kind of brand-new path, has filled up the blank of prior art.