CN106689172A - Composition containing chitosan and forchlorfenuron - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention belongs to the agricultural field, and relates to a composition containing chitosan and forchlorfenuron. The mass part ratio of the chitosan to the forchlorfenuron is 8:1-199:1, the composition further contains acidic substances and a surfactant and can be prepared into microemulsion, an aqueous solution, a suspending agent, emulsion in water, wettable powder and water dispersible granules, the composition is diluted by 500-5,000 times to be applied to spray or soak all parts or partial parts of crop plants, the crop setting percentage and the single fruit weight are increased, fresh keeping is achieved, and the quality is improved.

Description

Compositions containing chitosan and forchlorfenuron

technical field

The invention relates to a plant growth regulating substance, in particular to a quality-stable composition containing chitosan and forchlorfenuron and its application.

Background technique

It is estimated that chitin (chitin, chitin, chitin) produced in nature is the biological polymer with the largest reserves next to cellulose, and it has more functional properties than cellulose cord. It is widely Found in fungal cell walls, nematode microfibrous sheaths, arthropod exoskeletons and the gut lining of many insects. In 1811, French scientists extracted a cellulose-like substance from mushrooms and named it chitin. Later, after heating chitin in NaOH, a new substance, chitosan, was obtained. . Chitosan (chitosan), chemical name (1,4)-2-amino-2-deoxy-β-D-glucan, is a water-soluble product of chitin deacetylated by concentrated alkaline water , the molecular weight is usually above 5000. Due to the poor solubility of chitin, its application is limited, while chitosan is different, not only has enhanced solubility, but also is non-toxic, has good biocompatibility, and is easy to degrade, so its application range is wider. wide.

Forchlorfenuron is a phenylurea plant growth regulator with cytokinin activity, which can accelerate cell mitosis, promote cell enlargement and differentiation, prevent the abscission of fruits and flowers, accelerate the formation of buds, and promote the growth of stems, leaves and roots , promote the expansion of fruit, break the dominance of the top, prevent aging, and are widely used in agriculture, gardening and fruit trees. However, if the concentration of forchlorfenuron is too high, while promoting cell division and enlargement, it is easy to reduce the content of soluble solids, increase acidity, slow down coloring, and delay maturation.

The inventor has carried out a large amount of research on chitosan and forchlorfenuron, and found a composition containing chitosan and forchlorfenuron with stable quality and improved the fruit setting rate, yield increase, freshness preservation and quality of crops. There are unexpected effects.

Contents of the invention

The object of the present invention is to provide a quality-stable composition containing chitosan and forchlorfenuron and the composition and its use for increasing crop fruit setting, increasing yield, preserving freshness and improving quality.

The invention provides a composition containing chitosan and forchlorfenuron, which is characterized in that the composition contains chitosan and forchlorfenuron in a mass ratio of 8:1-199:1, chitosan The total mass of sugar and forchlorfenuron accounts for 0.6-10% of the total mass of the composition, preferably, accounts for 2-8% of the total mass of the composition.

The composition of the present invention contains acidic substances, the acidic substances are one or more of acetic acid, carbonic acid, sulfurous acid, hypochlorous acid, lactic acid, citric acid and boric acid, and the dosage accounts for 1-80% of the total mass of the composition , preferably, the acidic substance is one or more of acetic acid, carbonic acid, hypochlorous acid, lactic acid, citric acid and boric acid, further preferably, the acidic substance is one of acetic acid, carbonic acid, lactic acid, citric acid and boric acid or several, and further preferably, the acidic substance is lactic acid, citric acid and boric acid.

The composition of the present invention also contains an auxiliary agent, the auxiliary agent is a surfactant with an HLB value greater than 10, preferably polyoxyethylene cetyl ether, polyoxyethylene sorbitan tristearate, polyoxyethylene Lauryl ether, polyoxyethylene oxypropylene oleate, polyoxyethylene lanolin derivatives, polyoxyethylene monooleate, polyoxyethylene monostearate, polyoxyethylene monooleate, polyoxyethylene monooil Esters, Polyoxyethylene Monopalmitate, Polyoxyethylene Monostearate, Polyoxyethylene Monostearate, Alkylaryl Sulfonate, Triethanolamine Oleate, Polyoxyethylene Monolaurate , polyoxyethylene alkylphenol, polyoxyethylene sorbitan lanolin derivatives, polyoxyethylene alkyl aryl ether, polyoxyethylene monolaurate, polyoxyethylene monolaurate, polyoxyethylene lauryl ether, poly Oxyethylene castor oil, polyoxyethylene vegetable oil, polyoxyethylene esters of mixed fatty acids and resin acids, polyoxyethylene monostearate, polyoxyethylene monooleate, polyoxyethylene oleyl ether, polyoxyethylene ten Octyl Alcohol, Polyoxyethylene Oleyl Alcohol, Polyoxyethylene Fatty Alcohol, Polyoxyethylene Glycol Monopalmitate, Polyoxyethylene Cetyl Alcohol, Polyoxyethylene Oxypropylene Stearate, Polyoxyethylene Sorbitan Lanolin Derivatives, polyoxyethylene monostearate, polyoxyethylene sorbitan monolaurate, polyoxyethylene monolaurate, polyoxyethylene oleyl ether, polyoxyethylene lauryl ether, fatty alcohol polyoxyethylene One or more of ether, polyoxyethylene monostearate, polyoxyethylene monostearate, polyoxyethylene monostearate, etc.

The composition of the present invention can be made into microemulsion, aqueous solution, suspension, aqueous emulsion, wettable powder, water dispersible granule and the like.

The application method of the above-mentioned composition of the present invention is characterized in that the composition is diluted 500-5000 times to spray or dip the whole plant or part of the crop plant.

The application method of the above-mentioned composition of the present invention is characterized in that the crop is a crop suitable for cultivation by human needs, preferably, the crop is grape, kiwi, strawberry, mango, lychee, apple, pear, papaya, cherry, pumpkin, watermelon , melon or peach, further preferably, the crops are grapes, kiwi fruit, strawberry, mango, litchi, apple, pear and papaya.

The composition of the invention is used for increasing the fruit setting rate of crops, increasing the single fruit weight, keeping fresh and improving the quality.

Composition of the present invention compares with prior art, produces following beneficial effect:

(1) The composition of the present invention is stable in quality;

(2) The composition has a synergistic effect on improving the fruit setting rate, yield increase, freshness preservation and quality of crops.

specific embodiment

The present invention will be further described below in conjunction with embodiment, but the present invention is by no means limited to following embodiment.

The selection of acidic solvent in the microemulsion of embodiment 1

Dissolve 10g of citric acid and 10g of boric acid in advance. Dissolve 11 parts of 4.5g chitosan with 10g of different acids or acid solutions, dissolve 0.05g of forchlorfenuron with 10g of ethanol, mix well with the chitosan solution, and then add polyoxyethylene alkyl aryl ether 10 g, the above mixture was stirred in a stirrer, and water was added to 100 g to obtain 4.55% chitosan·forchlorfenuron microemulsion, and the 11 preparations were respectively numbered as preparation 1-preparation 11.

(1) Dilute formulations 1-11 with 342 mg/L standard hard water, and observe the stability of the emulsion. A preparation that maintains a transparent state without oil suspension or solid precipitation is evaluated as stable.

(2) Select the stable formulation measured in the test (1), take the sample, seal it, refrigerate at 2-3°C for 24 hours, take it out, and place it at room temperature to observe the low-temperature stability of the formulation. Preparations that have no caking, caking or turbidity gradually disappear and can return to a transparent state are evaluated as stable.

(3) Select test (2) to obtain a stable formulation, store the sample at 50° C. for 28 days, and observe the thermal storage stability of the formulation. Preparations that maintain a homogeneous and transparent appearance or that can return to their original shape after shaking at room temperature if delamination occurs are evaluated as stable.

The selection of acid solvent in table 1 microemulsion

The stability of the 4.55% chitosan forchlorfenuron microemulsion of dissolving different acidic substances of chitosan was tested, the results are shown in Table 1, the emulsion stability measurement by test (1), the low temperature stability of test (2) According to the heat storage stability determination of test and test (3), it was found that in several 4.55% chitosan forchlorfenuron microemulsions with relatively good preparation stability, the acidic substance suitable for dissolving chitosan Be acetic acid, carbonic acid, sulfurous acid, hypochlorous acid, lactic acid, citric acid and boric acid, preferably, acidic substance is acetic acid, carbonic acid, hypochlorous acid, lactic acid, citric acid and boric acid, more preferably, acidic substance is acetic acid, carbonic acid , lactic acid, citric acid and boric acid, wherein the acidic substances are the best lactic acid, citric acid and boric acid.

Example 2 4.55% chitosan forchlorfenuron microemulsion

Dissolve 4.5g of chitosan with 10g of lactic acid, fully dissolve 0.05g of forchlorfenuron with 10g of ethanol, mix the above solution, add 5g of polyoxyethylene oleyl ether, stir the mixture in a stirrer, and make up with water to 100g to obtain 4.55% chitosan·forchlorfenuron microemulsion.

Example 3 4% chitosan · forchlorfenuron aqueous solution

Dissolve 3.98 g of chitosan with 10 g of lactic acid, and dissolve 0.02 g of forchlorfenuron with 2 g of ethanol. After mixing the above solutions, add 2 g of polyoxyethylene oleyl ether, stir, and make up to 100 g with water to obtain 4% chitosan Sugar · forchlorfenuron aqueous solution.

Example 4 6% Chitosan · Forchlorfenuron Suspension Concentrate

Fully mix 5.96g of chitosan, 15g of lactic acid, and 0.04g of forchlorfenuron, 3g of fatty alcohol polyoxyethylene ether, 5g of tea dry powder, 5g of bentonite, 2g of aluminum magnesium silicate, and 10g of ethylene glycol, and add water 25g is fully ground, water is made up to 100g, and it is prepared into a 6% chitosan · forchlorfenuron suspension.

Example 5 4.55% chitosan forchlorfenuron water emulsion

Dissolve 4.5g of chitosan with 10g of lactic acid, fully dissolve 0.05g of forchlorfenuron with 10g of cyclohexanone, mix the above solution, add 5g of polyoxyethylene lauryl ether, stir the mixture in a stirrer and slowly Add water to make up to 100g to obtain 4.55% chitosan·forchlorfenuron aqueous emulsion.

Example 6 5% chitosan · forchlorfenuron wettable powder

4.8g of chitosan, 5g of boric acid, 0.2g of forchlorfenuron, 2g of polyoxyethylene lauryl ether are adsorbed with white carbon black, and 100g of white carbon black is added and mixed, and each component is dried, cooled, and finely ground to prepare the 5% chitosan · forchlorfenuron wettable powder.

Example 7 8% chitosan · forchlorfenuron water dispersible granules

7.2g of chitosan, 4g of citric acid, 0.8g of forchlorfenuron, and 2g of polyoxyethylene oleyl ether were adsorbed with white carbon black and mixed with 100g of white carbon black. The mixture was ultrafinely pulverized, granulated, dried, Sieve to make 8% chitosan · forchlorfenuron water dispersible granules.

Example 8 Determination of 4.55% chitosan forchlorfenuron microemulsion on fruit setting rate

The aqueous solution of 4.55% chitosan·forchlorfenuron microemulsion (Example 2) was sprayed 7-10 days after the full flowering stage of the crops, and the second time was sprayed 7-10 days after the first application. Establish 4.55% oligochitosan forchlorfenuron microemulsion of the same process as Example 2 as the medicament contrast, and set up blank control separately, and the blank control only sprays the water of same quality, and every kind of crop spraying frequency is 2 times, spraying The same crop was applied on the same date. After spraying, the fruit setting rate is counted, and the statistics of the fruit setting rate are the percentage of the number of fruits that can be picked to the actual number of flowers retained (for crops that have multiple flowering results, the fruit setting rate is counted when there is no large number of fruits to pick).

The mensuration of the fruit setting rate of crops is treated by the composition of table 2

Note: The data in the last column in the table represents the difference between the data in the third column and the fourth column;

The test of the fruit setting rate of different crops by spraying the microemulsion composition containing chitosan and forchlorfenuron for 2 times, the results are shown in Table 2, the microemulsion composition containing chitosan and forchlorfenuron is effective for different crops The fruit setting rate of all the plants was significantly improved compared with the blank, and the fruit setting rate of different crops had obvious differences, and compared with the microemulsion composition of chitosan and forchlorfenuron and the single agent of chitosan and the single agent of forchlorfenuron in Under the same concentration, the fruit setting rate of crops is significantly improved. Compared with the control agent, the crops with the most obvious fruit setting rate were grape, kiwi and strawberry, followed by mango, lychee, apple, pear and papaya.

Example 9 The effect of the composition containing chitosan and forchlorfenuron on Kyoho grapes

The microemulsion composition containing chitosan and forchlorfenuron was prepared according to chitosan and forchlorfenuron in 5 ratios of 9:1, 24:1, 90:1, 149:1, and 199:1, Spray 1 time at the young fruit stage and expansion stage of Kyoho grapes, spray 10 plants for each proportioning treatment (the tree vigor of the test trees is basically the same, and the fruit setting situation is similar), the spraying amount of each treatment is the same, and the chitin with the same preparation process Polysaccharide microemulsion, forchlorfenuron microemulsion and microemulsion composition of chitosan oligosaccharide and forchlorfenuron were used as controls. After ripening, the grapes were picked on the same day, and the average weight of each grape ear and 100-grain weight of each treatment were measured. Two days later, the contents of titratable acid and total soluble sugar of each treatment were measured. NaOH titration method (national standard GB/T12293-90 determination of titratable acidity of fruit and vegetable products) was used for titratable acid, and Fehling titration method was used for soluble sugar (national standard GB 6194-86 Determination of soluble sugar in fruit and vegetables). In addition, 1 day after picking, immerse 2Kg of grapes of each treatment in 10 ppm solution of each proportioning composition for 3 seconds, dry them in air, bag them and place them in a storage box at 2-5°C, and check the grape rot rate after 40 days. The aforementioned measurement results are shown in Table 3.

Table 3 The effect of the composition containing chitosan and forchlorfenuron on grapes

See Table 3 for the test results of the composition containing chitosan and forchlorfenuron on Kyoho grapes. It can be found that the microemulsion composition containing chitosan and forchlorfenuron treatment is higher than the blank and the microemulsion composition treatment containing chitosan and forchlorfenuron to the single ear weight and 100-grain weight of Kyoho grape. Tetrasan microemulsion treatment and forchlorfenuron microemulsion treatment, and after treatment, the microemulsion composition containing chitosan and forchlorfenuron treatment has significantly higher content of soluble sugar and lower titratable acid content; in addition , the fruit rot rate treated with the microemulsion composition containing chitosan and forchlorfenuron is also relatively low. Among the different ratios of chitosan and forchlorfenuron, when the mass ratio of chitosan and forchlorfenuron was 90:1, the ear weight, 100-grain weight, and soluble sugar content were all the highest, and the titratable acid content was the highest. , The rotten fruit rate is the lowest, while the blank control rotten fruit rate reaches more than 86%, which fully shows that the composition containing chitosan and forchlorfenuron has obvious improvement effects on the fruit weight gain, quality and freshness of grapes.

Example 10 The effect of the composition containing chitosan and forchlorfenuron on Qinmei kiwifruit

Test Example 5 preparation is the effect of 5% chitosan · forchlorfenuron wettable powder on kiwi fruit, with the chitosan wettable powder of the same process, forchlorfenuron wettable powder, chitosan oligosaccharide and forchlorfenuron wettable powder The wettable powder and chitin and the wettable powder of forchlorfenuron were compared. In the young fruit stage of kiwifruit, treat the young fruit with each chemical agent and dip once for 3 seconds, and treat 10 plants with each ratio (the tree vigor of the test trees is basically the same, and the fruit setting conditions are similar). Pick 100 kiwifruits from different plants of each treatment on the same day after maturity, and measure the average unit weight of kiwifruits in each treatment. Place it, and measure the Vc content when it is edible (7 days after picking), and the Vc content is determined by KIO3 semi-micro titration method. In addition, 1 day after picking, 50 kiwifruits of each treatment were selected and immersed in 10 ppm solution of each ratio for 3 seconds, dried in air, bagged and stored at room temperature, and the content of Vc was measured after 35 days. The measurement results are shown in Table 4.

Table 4 The effect of the composition containing chitosan and forchlorfenuron on the single weight and Vc of kiwifruit

The test results of the composition containing chitosan and forchlorfenuron on kiwi fruit are shown in Table 4. It can be found that the wettable powder containing chitosan and forchlorfenuron, the wettable powder of chitosan, the wettable powder for forchlorfenuron, the wettable powder containing chitosan and forchlorfenuron, and the wettable powder containing chitin and forchlorfenuron The wettable powder treatment of forchlorfenuron had higher single weight of kiwifruit than the blank, and the wettable powder containing chitosan and forchlorfenuron had the highest single weight of kiwifruit, and the single weight of kiwifruit treated with chitosan and forchlorfenuron Combination treatment at 7d and 35d, the Vc content of kiwifruit was higher than other treatments. It fully demonstrates that the composition containing chitosan and forchlorfenuron has effects of increasing weight and keeping fresh of kiwi fruit.

Claims (10)

1. A composition containing chitosan and forchlorfenuron, characterized in that the mass and number ratio of chitosan and forchlorfenuron in the composition is 8:1-199:1. 2. The composition according to claim 1, characterized in that the sum of the mass of chitosan and forchlorfenuron accounts for 0.6-10% of the total mass of the composition. 3. according to the composition of claim 2, it is characterized in that also containing acidic substance, and acidic substance is one or more in acetic acid, carbonic acid, sulfurous acid, hypochlorous acid, lactic acid, citric acid and boric acid, and acidic substance consumption accounts for The total mass of the composition is 1-80%. 4. according to the composition of claim 3, it is characterized in that, acidic substance is one or more in acetic acid, carbonic acid, lactic acid, citric acid and boric acid, preferably, acidic substance is lactic acid, citric acid and boric acid. 5. Composition according to claim 4, characterized in that the composition according to the invention contains a surfactant with an HLB value greater than 10. 6. according to the composition of claim 5, it is characterized in that, surfactant is polyoxyethylene cetyl ether, polyoxyethylene sorbitan tristearate, polyoxyethylene lauryl ether, polyoxyethylene oxide Acrylic oleate, polyoxyethylene lanolin derivatives, polyoxyethylene monooleate, polyoxyethylene monostearate, polyoxyethylene monooleate, polyoxyethylene monooleate, polyoxyethylene mono Palmitate, Polyoxyethylene Monostearate, Polyoxyethylene Monostearate, Alkylaryl Sulfonate, Triethanolamine Oleate, Polyoxyethylene Monolaurate, Polyoxyethylene Alkylphenol , polyoxyethylene sorbitan lanolin derivatives, polyoxyethylene alkyl aryl ether, polyoxyethylene monolaurate, polyoxyethylene monolaurate, polyoxyethylene lauryl ether, polyoxyethylene castor oil, polyoxyethylene Ethylene vegetable oil, polyoxyethylene esters of mixed fatty acids and resin acids, polyoxyethylene monostearate, polyoxyethylene monooleate, polyoxyethylene oleyl ether, polyoxyethylene stearyl alcohol, polyoxyethylene oil Alcohol, polyoxyethylene fatty alcohol, polyethylene glycol monopalmitate, polyoxyethylene cetyl alcohol, polyoxyethylene oxypropylene stearate, polyoxyethylene sorbitan lanolin derivatives, polyoxyethylene monopalmitate Stearate, polyoxyethylene sorbitan monolaurate, polyoxyethylene monolaurate, polyoxyethylene oleyl ether, polyoxyethylene lauryl ether, fatty alcohol polyoxyethylene ether, polyoxyethylene monohard One or more of fatty acid esters, polyoxyethylene monostearate, and polyoxyethylene monostearate. 7. according to the composition of claim 6, it is characterized in that, composition is made into microemulsion, aqueous agent, suspending agent, aqueous emulsion, wettable powder, water dispersible granule. 8. The application method of the composition according to any one of claims 3-7, characterized in that the composition is diluted 500-5000 times to spray or dip the whole plant or part of the crop plant. 9. The application method according to claim 8, characterized in that the crops are grapes, kiwi fruit, strawberry, mango, litchi, apple, pear, papaya, cherry, pumpkin, watermelon, melon or peach cultivated for human needs. 10. The composition according to any one of claims 3-7 can be used to increase the fruit setting rate of crops, increase the single fruit weight, keep fresh, and improve the quality.