CN106676222A - Facility and method for ferronickel production through coal-based powder state reduction of red soil nickel ores - Google Patents
Facility and method for ferronickel production through coal-based powder state reduction of red soil nickel ores Download PDFInfo
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- CN106676222A CN106676222A CN201611124774.0A CN201611124774A CN106676222A CN 106676222 A CN106676222 A CN 106676222A CN 201611124774 A CN201611124774 A CN 201611124774A CN 106676222 A CN106676222 A CN 106676222A
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21B—MANUFACTURE OF IRON OR STEEL
- C21B13/00—Making spongy iron or liquid steel, by direct processes
- C21B13/14—Multi-stage processes processes carried out in different vessels or furnaces
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21B—MANUFACTURE OF IRON OR STEEL
- C21B13/00—Making spongy iron or liquid steel, by direct processes
- C21B13/0006—Making spongy iron or liquid steel, by direct processes obtaining iron or steel in a molten state
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21B—MANUFACTURE OF IRON OR STEEL
- C21B13/00—Making spongy iron or liquid steel, by direct processes
- C21B13/0066—Preliminary conditioning of the solid carbonaceous reductant
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21B—MANUFACTURE OF IRON OR STEEL
- C21B13/00—Making spongy iron or liquid steel, by direct processes
- C21B13/0086—Conditioning, transformation of reduced iron ores
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21B—MANUFACTURE OF IRON OR STEEL
- C21B3/00—General features in the manufacture of pig-iron
- C21B3/04—Recovery of by-products, e.g. slag
- C21B3/06—Treatment of liquid slag
- C21B3/08—Cooling slag
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Abstract
The invention discloses a facility and method for ferronickel production through coal-based powder state reduction of red soil nickel ores and belongs to facilities and methods for ferronickel production through red soil nickel ores. The method comprises the following steps that (1) powder materials are prepared and homogenized, and drying, powder grinding and homogenizing of raw ores and slag-modifiers are completed; (2) upgrading and preparing of reducing agents are conducted, coking of reduction coals is completed, and meanwhile, reducing gas is supplied; (3) the powder materials are subjected to pre-heating and pre-reduction, and ore powder and the slag-modifiers are mixed in a preheater and then subjected to drying, temperature rising and pre-reduction to prepare mixed ore materials; (4) reduction of the mixed ore materials is conducted, specifically, the mixed ore materials are restored into reduction ore materials with coal chars and reducing gas in a medium-temperature reduction kiln; (5) fusing reduction separation is conducted, specifically, slag and iron separation is achieved while the reduction ore materials complete residual reduction in a high-temperature smelting separating kiln; (6) discharging is conducted, specifically, molten ferronickel and molten slag are discharged from different passageways, and finished ferronickel products are formed; and (7) the slag is subjected to treatment, specifically, the high-temperature molten slag is cooled and circularly stirred and blended, and high-temperature waste heat is provided for preorder techniques. The method for ferronickel production through the coal-based powder state reduction of red soil nickel ores is large in productivity scale, low in cost, stable in kiln ores and high in heat utilization ratio.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the facility and method of a kind of laterite nickel ore and producing ferronickel, more particularly to a kind of lateritic nickel ore coal base
The facility and method of powder state also original production ferronickel.
Background technology
Pyrogenic process refining ferronickel is increasingly subject to stainless steel enterprises as stainless important source material is produced from lateritic nickel ore
Favor.The prevailing technology of lateritic nickel ore pyrometallurgical smelting is rotary kiln-mineral hot furnace method（RKEF methods）, i.e. coke in rotary kiln（Or it is high
Quality reduction coal）Prereduction, electrical heating melting in mineral hot furnace is separated.Because lateritic nickel ore belongs to low-grade ore（Nickel content is general
It is 1% ~ 2%）, moisture content is high, and gangue content is complicated, by rotary kiln realize preheating, be dried, sinter, the process of prereduction
In, material ring formation problem is very prominent, it has to takes reduction rotary kiln reduction temperature or increases pelletizing sintering process as changing
Enter means, cause production capacity low；One side coke cost is high, and reduction coal is strict to ash requirements, and popularization and application are limited；Separately
On the one hand, increase pelletizing sintering process and also improve investment and cost；Additionally, mineral hot furnace is melted using electrically heated mode
Reduction and separation, the higher always bottleneck problem of energy consumption；Therefore, the method gesture of the coal base production ferronickel for being adapted to China's national situation is explored
Must go.
The content of the invention
It is an object of the invention to overcome traditional handicraft have the shortcomings that high energy consumption, yield poorly, operating mode has some setbacks, high cost,
The facility and method of a kind of lateritic nickel ore coal original washing powder state also original production ferronickel are provided.
The object of the present invention is achieved like this：A kind of facility of lateritic nickel ore coal original washing powder state also original production ferronickel includes：
It is crushing raw ore machine, homogenizing stockyard, flour mill, breeze homogenizing storehouse, breeze weigher, residue adjustment powder homogenizing storehouse, residue adjustment powder weigher, mixed
Material transporter, burner, coker, coal tar weigher, gas piping, multistage preheater, middle temperature reduction kiln, adapter, high temperature
Molten point of kiln, casting machine, spice bed, slag charge disintegrating machine, cooler, dust-precipitator, aerator, high-temperature blower and circulating fan；
Crushing raw ore machine, homogenizing stockyard, flour mill, breeze homogenizing storehouse and breeze weigher are connected to batch mixing fortune after being linked in sequence
The input of defeated machine, residue adjustment powder homogenizing storehouse is connected to the input of batch mixing transporter by residue adjustment powder weigher；Batch mixing transporter
Outfan is connected with multistage preheater input；The vertical arranged in series of multistage preheater；Multistage preheater bottom discharge mouth is with
Warm reduction kiln WEILIAN connects；The kiln hood of middle temperature reduction kiln is connected by adapter with the kiln tail of high temperature melting point kiln；Under high temperature melting point kiln
Side is provided with casting machine；High temperature melting point kiln is provided with kiln head cover, and kiln hood is covered with burner inlet；Kiln head cover lower section is provided with spice bed,
Material residue disintegrating machine is provided with above spice bed；The outlet of spice bed is connected with cooler；
Residue adjustment powder homogenizing storehouse is exported by residue adjustment powder weigher, while being connected with adapter and batch mixing transporter；
Coker is connected by gas piping with adapter, coker by coal tar weigher simultaneously with middle temperature reduction kiln and be connected
Device connects；
Aerator is connected by pipeline with cooler；
High-temperature blower air inlet is connected by pipeline with cooler, high-temperature blower air outlet by pipeline respectively with coker, powder
Grinding machine, burner connection；
Circulating fan air inlet is connected by pipeline with the top of multistage preheater, and circulating fan air outlet passes through pipeline and is connected
Device connects；
Dust-precipitator air inlet is connected respectively by pipeline with crushing raw ore machine, flour mill, multistage preheater top, dust-precipitator air-out
Mouth outside air-introduced machine by arranging.
Described middle temperature reduction kiln and high temperature melting point kiln is in decline staged arranged in series by adapter along stream direction,
The axis of middle temperature reduction kiln and high temperature melting point kiln is downward-sloping, 1 °~5 ° of inclination angle, middle temperature reduction kiln kiln hood radial direction section center
It is downward-sloping with the line at the kiln tail radial direction section center of high temperature melting point kiln, 60 °~70 ° of inclination angle scope.
The method of lateritic nickel ore coal original washing powder state reduction of pig iron ferronickel is comprised the following steps：（1）Powder is prepared and homogenizing, is completed
The drying of raw ore and slag adjusting agent, grinding and homogenizing；（2）The upgrading of reducing agent and preparation, complete the coking of reduction coal, while providing
Also Primordial Qi；（3）Powder preheats the mixing mineral aggregate of prereduction, breeze and slag adjusting agent and completes to be dried in preheater, rises gently in advance also
Original, forms mixing mineral aggregate；（4）Mixing mineral aggregate reduction：Mixing mineral aggregate carries out main body in middle temperature reduction kiln with coal tar and also Primordial Qi
Reduction, forms reduction mineral aggregate；（5）Melting and reducing is separated：Reduction mineral aggregate divides the melting that is rapidly heated in kiln in high temperature melting, completes residual
Slag sluicing system is realized while remaining reduction；（6）Discharging：Melt ferronickel and melt slag and release from different passages, form ferronickel finished product；
（7）Slag treatment：High-temperature slag is cooled down, and circulation is mixed and stirred, and for preamble technique high-temperature residual heat is provided.
Comprise the following steps that：
Step 1, powder are prepared and homogenizing：Lateritic nickel ore carries out pre- homogenizing Jing after crushing raw ore crusher machine into homogenizing stockyard, in advance
Mineral aggregate after homogenizing is homogenizing into breeze homogenizing storehouse Jing after flour mill is further levigate, and powder particle size is less than 0.3mm；
Residue adjustment powder is homogenizing through residue adjustment powder homogenizing storehouse, and the granularity of residue adjustment powder is less than 0.3mm；
Described crushing raw ore machine and flour mill is connected with high-temperature flue gas import and dust-precipitator pipeline, by arranging outside air-introduced machine,
Complete mineral aggregate while broken and grinding to be dried and gather dust；
Step 2, the upgrading of reducing agent and preparation：Reduction coal carries out being pyrolyzed coking upgrading by coker, forms reproducibility stronger
Coal tar and coal gas, the high-temperature flue gas of the thermal source of coker from high-temperature blower；
Step 3, powder preheating prereduction：Respectively setting ratio is given by weigher metering from homogenizing storehouse for breeze and residue adjustment powder, institute
The breeze stated and the mass ratio range of residue adjustment powder are 100:3~100:10, compound powder is fed from top through batch mixing transporter
Material enters multistage preheater, compound powder and the flue gas reverse flow in multistage preheater from middle temperature reduction kiln, completes to mix
The rapid draing preheating of feed powder and the cooling of high-temperature flue gas are closed, while breeze is anti-with the reducibility gas generation prereduction in flue gas
Should, residue adjustment powder completes to decompose under flue-gas temperature, and the flue-gas temperature that Jing is discharged at multistage preheater top is multistage pre- less than 300 DEG C
Hot device bottom mixing mineral aggregate drop temperature is 800 DEG C~850 DEG C；Multistage preheater arrangement mode is vertical single-row or vertical double
Row, series determines according to response speed design；Multistage preheater is connected by pipe pipeline and dust-precipitator, is arranged by outside air-introduced machine；
Step 4, mixing mineral aggregate reduction：800 DEG C~850 DEG C of mixing mineral aggregate is in the kiln tail of middle temperature reduction kiln and from coker
Coal tar together enters middle temperature reduction kiln, forms ore deposit Jiao's compound, and coal tar addition is controlled according to setting ratio by coal tar weigher,
Described coal tar is 10 with the mass ratio range for mixing mineral aggregate:100~30:100；Ore deposit Jiao compound in middle temperature reduction kiln with
Flue gas reverse flow, ore deposit Jiao's compound during being advanced slowly to kiln hood, iron-doped nickel oxide therein and coal tar and coal gas
Main body reduction is completed in middle temperature reduction kiln, reduction mineral aggregate is formed；The part of multistage preheater is less than 300 DEG C by circulating fan
Low-temperature flue gas are blown into adapter through pipeline, mix with the high-temperature flue gas from high temperature melting point kiln so that into middle temperature reduction kiln
Flue-gas temperature remains 1100 DEG C~1200 DEG C in kiln, and also Jing gas pipings enter adapter to be simultaneously from the coal gas of coker,
Increase the reducing atmosphere of middle temperature reduction kiln；Reduction mineral aggregate kiln discharge temperature is 900 DEG C~1000 DEG C；
Step 5, melting and reducing and separation：900 DEG C~1000 DEG C of reduction mineral aggregate Jing adapters enter high temperature melting point kiln, while coal
Burnt and residue adjustment powder enters high temperature melting point kiln also according to setting ratio Jing adapter, the mass ratio of described coal tar and reduction mineral aggregate
Scope is 3:100~10:100, residue adjustment powder is 3 with the mass ratio range of reduction mineral aggregate:100~10:100；Burner is by coal dust
Kiln head cover is sprayed into the flue gas from high-temperature blower fully to burn, form high-temperature flue gas stream and enter high temperature melting point kiln, reduce mineral aggregate
It is brought rapidly up in high temperature melting point kiln with coal tar, while completing the reduction of remaining ferronickel；High temperature melting point kiln flue-gas temperature is remained
1600 DEG C~1700 DEG C, melting material temperature is 1450 DEG C~1500 DEG C in kiln；Fused materials according to proportion difference in kiln from
Dynamic to separate, it is the structural system for melting ferronickel water and top for slag to form bottom；
Step 6, discharging：After ferronickel amount reaches setting value in high temperature melting point kiln, high temperature melting point kiln stops operating, and opens high temperature melting
The kiln body taphole of point kiln is continuously released ferronickel water and enters casting machine, ferronickel block finished product is formed, while kiln internal upper part slag is by kiln
Mouth overflows Jing kiln head covers and enters spice bed, exports to cooler from spice bed, and slag is expelled to slag charge and breaks Jing after cooler cooling
Broken machine, low temperature slag charge is become Jing after slag charge crusher in crushing；Taphole is closed after this batch ferronickel water reaches setting discharging amount,
It is rotated further the mixed rotary kiln of high temperature；During discharging, other each step work proceed；
Step 7, Slag treatment：High-temperature slag into spice bed mixes with the low temperature slag charge from slag charge disintegrating machine, quick to reduce
The temperature of melting slag charge, forms temperature and is 800 DEG C~900 DEG C and mix and stir slag charge, mix and stir slag charge be changed into by fused solution it is sticky
Solid-state enters cooler, and quickly a large amount of natural winds are blasted into cooler with aerator so that slag charge is quickly cooled down, while obtaining high temperature
Flue gas, for preamble technique thermal source is provided；The part discharging of cooler is recycled into slag charge disintegrating machine, persistently provides low temperature slag charge and uses
In mixing and stirring.
Beneficial effect and advantage, it is of the invention compared with traditional coal base method, with following effectively effect and advantage：
1st, the multiple tracks homogenizing process of lateritic nickel ore is provided with, the abundant homogenizing from raw ore to breeze is realized, is fundamentally reduced
The sudden kiln condition that gangue content inequality is caused in raw material has some setbacks problem, while reducing the difficulty that analysis kiln ore deposit has some setbacks.
Once the 2nd, overcome traditional pellet forming process dispensing balling-up be difficult to change proportioning defect, employ reduction coal upgrading and
Afterwards adding technology, on the one hand reduces the scaling loss of reduction coal, improves reduction coal utilization rate, on the other hand can quickly change into
The consumption of kiln reducing agent, possesses the means according to kiln condition rapid Optimum reducing agent consumption.
3rd, slag adjusting agent and lateritic nickel ore employed the technique of independently homogenizing and metering before into preheater, can
It is quick to change and stable proportioning, additionally, slag adjusting agent is provided with emergent quick addition passage at adapter, can fully ensure height
The operating mode of molten point of kiln of temperature so that slag iron is sufficiently separated.
4th, raw material is in whole technological process, and continuous cascade raising temperature, raw material reaction continuous-stable, reaction power load distributing is equal
Even, slag charge and recycling residual heat greatly save system energy consumption.
5th, using the charging of preheater powder state, rapid draing and prereduction, utilization efficiency of heat energy is high.
6th, reduction coal can adopt the cheap low-order coal of high volatile, and that has expanded traditional coal base method uses coal scope, and China is low
Rank coal is widely distributed, advantageously reduces cost of material.
Description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the schematic flow sheet of the present invention.
Specific embodiment
A kind of facility of lateritic nickel ore coal original washing powder state also original production ferronickel includes：Crushing raw ore machine, homogenizing stockyard, grinding
Machine, breeze homogenizing storehouse, breeze weigher, residue adjustment powder homogenizing storehouse, residue adjustment powder weigher, batch mixing transporter, burner, coker,
Coal tar weigher, gas piping, multistage preheater, middle temperature reduction kiln, adapter, high temperature melting point kiln, casting machine, spice bed, slag
Material disintegrating machine, cooler, dust-precipitator, aerator, high-temperature blower and circulating fan；
Crushing raw ore machine, homogenizing stockyard, flour mill, breeze homogenizing storehouse and breeze weigher are connected to batch mixing fortune after being linked in sequence
The input of defeated machine, residue adjustment powder homogenizing storehouse is connected to the input of batch mixing transporter by residue adjustment powder weigher；Batch mixing transporter
Outfan is connected with multistage preheater input；The vertical arranged in series of multistage preheater；Multistage preheater bottom discharge mouth is with
Warm reduction kiln WEILIAN connects；The kiln hood of middle temperature reduction kiln is connected by adapter with the kiln tail of high temperature melting point kiln；Under high temperature melting point kiln
Side is provided with casting machine；High temperature melting point kiln is provided with kiln head cover, and kiln hood is covered with burner inlet；Kiln head cover lower section is provided with spice bed,
Material residue disintegrating machine is provided with above spice bed；The outlet of spice bed is connected with cooler；
Residue adjustment powder homogenizing storehouse is exported by residue adjustment powder weigher, while being connected with adapter and batch mixing transporter；
Coker is connected by gas piping with adapter, coker by coal tar weigher simultaneously with middle temperature reduction kiln and be connected
Device connects；
Aerator is connected by pipeline with cooler；
High-temperature blower air inlet is connected by pipeline with cooler, high-temperature blower air outlet by pipeline respectively with coker, powder
Grinding machine, burner connection；
Circulating fan air inlet is connected by pipeline with the top of multistage preheater, and circulating fan air outlet passes through pipeline and is connected
Device connects；
Dust-precipitator air inlet is connected respectively by pipeline with crushing raw ore machine, flour mill, multistage preheater top, dust-precipitator air-out
Mouth outside air-introduced machine by arranging.
Described middle temperature reduction kiln and high temperature melting point kiln is in decline staged arranged in series by adapter along stream direction,
The axis of middle temperature reduction kiln and high temperature melting point kiln is downward-sloping, 1 °~5 ° of inclination angle, middle temperature reduction kiln kiln hood radial direction section center
It is downward-sloping with the line at the kiln tail radial direction section center of high temperature melting point kiln, 60 °~70 ° of inclination angle scope.
The method of lateritic nickel ore coal original washing powder state reduction of pig iron ferronickel is comprised the following steps：（1）Powder is prepared and homogenizing, is completed
The drying of raw ore and slag adjusting agent, grinding and homogenizing；（2）The upgrading of reducing agent and preparation, complete the coking of reduction coal, while providing
Also Primordial Qi；（3）Powder preheats the mixing mineral aggregate of prereduction, breeze and slag adjusting agent and completes to be dried in preheater, rises gently in advance also
Original, forms mixing mineral aggregate；（4）Mixing mineral aggregate reduction：Mixing mineral aggregate carries out main body in middle temperature reduction kiln with coal tar and also Primordial Qi
Reduction, forms reduction mineral aggregate；（5）Melting and reducing is separated：Reduction mineral aggregate divides the melting that is rapidly heated in kiln in high temperature melting, completes residual
Slag sluicing system is realized while remaining reduction；（6）Discharging：Melt ferronickel and melt slag and release from different passages, form ferronickel finished product；
（7）Slag treatment：High-temperature slag is cooled down, and circulation is mixed and stirred, and for preamble technique high-temperature residual heat is provided.
Comprise the following steps that：
Step 1, powder are prepared and homogenizing：Lateritic nickel ore carries out pre- homogenizing Jing after crushing raw ore crusher machine into homogenizing stockyard, in advance
Mineral aggregate after homogenizing is homogenizing into breeze homogenizing storehouse Jing after flour mill is further levigate, and powder particle size is less than 0.3mm；
Residue adjustment powder is homogenizing through residue adjustment powder homogenizing storehouse, and the granularity of residue adjustment powder is less than 0.3mm；
Described crushing raw ore machine and flour mill is connected with high-temperature flue gas import and dust-precipitator pipeline, by arranging outside air-introduced machine,
Complete mineral aggregate while broken and grinding to be dried and gather dust；
Step 2, the upgrading of reducing agent and preparation：Reduction coal carries out being pyrolyzed coking upgrading by coker, forms reproducibility stronger
Coal tar and coal gas, the high-temperature flue gas of the thermal source of coker from high-temperature blower；
Step 3, powder preheating prereduction：Breeze and residue adjustment powder are given respectively by setting ratio from homogenizing storehouse by weigher metering,
Described breeze and the mass ratio range of residue adjustment powder is 100:3~100:10, through batch mixing transporter by compound powder from top
Feeding enters multistage preheater, compound powder and the flue gas reverse flow in multistage preheater from middle temperature reduction kiln, completes
The rapid draing preheating and the cooling of high-temperature flue gas of compound powder, while breeze occurs prereduction with the reducibility gas in flue gas
Reaction, residue adjustment powder completes to decompose under flue-gas temperature, and the flue-gas temperature that Jing is discharged at multistage preheater top is multistage less than 300 DEG C
Preheater bottom mixing mineral aggregate drop temperature is 800 DEG C~850 DEG C；Multistage preheater arrangement mode is vertical single-row or vertical double
Row, series determines according to response speed design；Multistage preheater is connected by pipe pipeline and dust-precipitator, is arranged by outside air-introduced machine；
Step 4, mixing mineral aggregate reduction：800 DEG C~850 DEG C of mixing mineral aggregate is in the kiln tail of middle temperature reduction kiln and from coker
Coal tar together enters middle temperature reduction kiln, forms ore deposit Jiao's compound, and coal tar addition is controlled according to setting ratio by coal tar weigher；
Ore deposit Jiao compound in middle temperature reduction kiln with flue gas reverse flow, ore deposit Jiao compound during being advanced slowly to kiln hood, its
In iron-doped nickel oxide and coal tar and coal gas main body reduction is completed in middle temperature reduction kiln, form reduction mineral aggregate；Circulating fan will
Low-temperature flue gas of the part of multistage preheater less than 300 DEG C are blown into adapter through pipeline, with the high temperature from high temperature melting point kiln
Flue gas mixes so that flue-gas temperature remains 1100 DEG C~1200 DEG C in middle temperature reduction kiln kiln, is simultaneously from coker
Also Jing gas pipings enter adapter to coal gas, increase the reducing atmosphere of middle temperature reduction kiln；Reduction mineral aggregate kiln discharge temperature is 900 DEG C~
1000℃；
Step 5, melting and reducing and separation：900 DEG C~1000 DEG C of reduction mineral aggregate Jing adapters enter high temperature melting point kiln, while coal
Burnt and residue adjustment powder enters high temperature melting point kiln also according to setting ratio Jing adapter, the mass ratio of described coal tar and reduction mineral aggregate
Scope is 3:100~10:100；Described residue adjustment powder is 3 with the mass ratio range of reduction mineral aggregate:100~10:100；Burner
By coal dust and spray into kiln head cover from the flue gas of high-temperature blower fully to burn, form high-temperature flue gas stream and enter high temperature melting point kiln, also
Raw ore material and coal tar are brought rapidly up in high temperature melting point kiln, while completing the reduction of remaining ferronickel；High temperature melting point kiln flue-gas temperature
1600 DEG C~1700 DEG C are remained, melting material temperature is 1450 DEG C~1500 DEG C in kiln；Fused materials exist according to proportion difference
It is automatically separated in kiln, it is the structural system for melting ferronickel water and top for slag to form bottom；
Step 6, discharging：After ferronickel amount reaches setting value in high temperature melting point kiln, high temperature melting point kiln stops operating, and opens high temperature melting
The kiln body taphole of point kiln is continuously released ferronickel water and enters casting machine, ferronickel block finished product is formed, while kiln internal upper part slag is by kiln
Mouth overflows Jing kiln head covers and enters spice bed, exports to cooler from spice bed, and slag is expelled to slag charge and breaks Jing after cooler cooling
Broken machine, low temperature slag charge is become Jing after slag charge crusher in crushing；Taphole is closed after this batch ferronickel water reaches setting discharging amount,
It is rotated further the mixed rotary kiln of high temperature；During discharging, other each step work proceed；
Step 7, Slag treatment：High-temperature slag into spice bed mixes with the low temperature slag charge from slag charge disintegrating machine, quick to reduce
The temperature of melting slag charge, forms temperature and is 800 DEG C~900 DEG C and mix and stir slag charge, mix and stir slag charge be changed into by fused solution it is sticky
Solid-state enters cooler, and quickly a large amount of natural winds are blasted into cooler with aerator so that slag charge is quickly cooled down, while obtaining high temperature
Flue gas, for preamble technique thermal source is provided；The part discharging of cooler is recycled into slag charge disintegrating machine, persistently provides low temperature slag charge and uses
In mixing and stirring.
Claims (4)
1. a kind of facility of lateritic nickel ore coal original washing powder state also original production ferronickel, is characterized in that：Facility includes：Crushing raw ore machine,
Change stockyard, flour mill, breeze homogenizing storehouse, breeze weigher, residue adjustment powder homogenizing storehouse, residue adjustment powder weigher, batch mixing transporter, burning
Device, coker, coal tar weigher, gas piping, multistage preheater, middle temperature reduction kiln, adapter, high temperature melting point kiln, casting machine,
Spice bed, slag charge disintegrating machine, cooler, dust-precipitator, aerator, high-temperature blower and circulating fan；
Crushing raw ore machine, homogenizing stockyard, flour mill, breeze homogenizing storehouse and breeze weigher are connected to batch mixing fortune after being linked in sequence
The input of defeated machine, residue adjustment powder homogenizing storehouse is connected to the input of batch mixing transporter by residue adjustment powder weigher；Batch mixing transporter
Outfan is connected with multistage preheater input；The vertical arranged in series of multistage preheater；Multistage preheater bottom discharge mouth is with
Warm reduction kiln WEILIAN connects；The kiln hood of middle temperature reduction kiln is connected by adapter with the kiln tail of high temperature melting point kiln；Under high temperature melting point kiln
Side is provided with casting machine；High temperature melting point kiln is provided with kiln head cover, and kiln hood is covered with burner inlet；Kiln head cover lower section is provided with spice bed,
Material residue disintegrating machine is provided with above spice bed；The outlet of spice bed is connected with cooler；
Residue adjustment powder homogenizing storehouse is exported by residue adjustment powder weigher, while being connected with adapter and batch mixing transporter；
Coker is connected by gas piping with adapter, coker by coal tar weigher simultaneously with middle temperature reduction kiln and be connected
Device connects；
Aerator is connected by pipeline with cooler；
High-temperature blower air inlet is connected by pipeline with cooler, high-temperature blower air outlet by pipeline respectively with coker, powder
Grinding machine, burner connection；
Circulating fan air inlet is connected by pipeline with the top of multistage preheater, and circulating fan air outlet passes through pipeline and is connected
Device connects；
Dust-precipitator air inlet is connected respectively by pipeline with crushing raw ore machine, flour mill, multistage preheater top, dust-precipitator air-out
Mouth outside air-introduced machine by arranging.
2. a kind of facility of the lateritic nickel ore coal original washing powder state also original production ferronickel according to ingredient requirement 1, is characterized in that：It is described
Middle temperature reduction kiln and high temperature melting point kiln along stream direction by adapter in declining staged arranged in series, middle temperature reduction kiln and
The axis of high temperature melting point kiln is downward-sloping, 1 °~5 ° of inclination angle, kiln hood radial direction section center and the high temperature melting point of middle temperature reduction kiln
The line at the kiln tail radial direction section center of kiln is downward-sloping, 60 °~70 ° of inclination angle scope.
3. a kind of method of lateritic nickel ore coal original washing powder state also original production ferronickel, is characterized in that：Lateritic nickel ore coal original washing powder state is also primary
The method of ferrum ferronickel is comprised the following steps：（1）Powder is prepared and homogenizing, completes drying, grinding and the homogenizing of raw ore and slag adjusting agent；
（2）The upgrading of reducing agent and preparation, complete the coking of reduction coal, while providing also Primordial Qi；（3）Powder preheats prereduction, breeze
Complete to be dried in preheater with the mixing mineral aggregate of slag adjusting agent, rise gentle prereduction, form mixing mineral aggregate；（4）Mixing mineral aggregate is also
It is former：Mixing mineral aggregate carries out main body reduction, formation reduction mineral aggregate in middle temperature reduction kiln with coal tar and also Primordial Qi；（5）Melting and reducing
Separate：Reduction mineral aggregate divides the melting that is rapidly heated in kiln in high temperature melting, and while remaining reduction is completed slag sluicing system is realized；（6）
Discharging：Melt ferronickel and melt slag and release from different passages, form ferronickel finished product；（7）Slag treatment：High-temperature slag is cooled down, and circulation is mixed
With provide high-temperature residual heat for preamble technique.
4. the method for lateritic nickel ore coal original washing powder state according to claim 3 also original production ferronickel, is characterized in that：Concrete steps
It is as follows：
Step 1, powder are prepared and homogenizing：Lateritic nickel ore carries out pre- homogenizing Jing after crushing raw ore crusher machine into homogenizing stockyard, in advance
Mineral aggregate after homogenizing is homogenizing into breeze homogenizing storehouse Jing after flour mill is further levigate, and powder particle size is less than 0.3mm；
Residue adjustment powder is homogenizing through residue adjustment powder homogenizing storehouse, and the granularity of residue adjustment powder is less than 0.3mm；
Described crushing raw ore machine and flour mill is connected with high-temperature flue gas import and dust-precipitator pipeline, by arranging outside air-introduced machine,
Complete mineral aggregate while broken and grinding to be dried and gather dust；
Step 2, the upgrading of reducing agent and preparation：Reduction coal carries out being pyrolyzed coking upgrading by coker, forms reproducibility stronger
Coal tar and coal gas, the high-temperature flue gas of the thermal source of coker from high-temperature blower；
Step 3, powder preheating prereduction：Breeze and residue adjustment powder are given respectively by setting ratio from homogenizing storehouse by weigher metering,
Described breeze and the mass ratio range of residue adjustment powder is 100:3~100:10, through batch mixing transporter by compound powder from top
Feeding enters multistage preheater, compound powder and the flue gas reverse flow in multistage preheater from middle temperature reduction kiln, completes
The rapid draing preheating and the cooling of high-temperature flue gas of compound powder, while breeze occurs prereduction with the reducibility gas in flue gas
Reaction, residue adjustment powder completes to decompose under flue-gas temperature, and the flue-gas temperature that Jing is discharged at multistage preheater top is multistage less than 300 DEG C
Preheater bottom mixing mineral aggregate drop temperature is 800 DEG C~850 DEG C；Multistage preheater arrangement mode is vertical single-row or vertical double
Row, series determines according to response speed design；Multistage preheater is connected by pipe pipeline and dust-precipitator, is arranged by outside air-introduced machine；
Step 4, mixing mineral aggregate reduction：800 DEG C~850 DEG C of mixing mineral aggregate is in the kiln tail of middle temperature reduction kiln and from coker
Coal tar together enters middle temperature reduction kiln, forms ore deposit Jiao's compound, and coal tar addition is controlled according to setting ratio by coal tar weigher；
Ore deposit Jiao compound in middle temperature reduction kiln with flue gas reverse flow, ore deposit Jiao compound during being advanced slowly to kiln hood, its
In iron-doped nickel oxide and coal tar and coal gas main body reduction is completed in middle temperature reduction kiln, form reduction mineral aggregate；Circulating fan will
Low-temperature flue gas of the part of multistage preheater less than 300 DEG C are blown into adapter through pipeline, with the high temperature from high temperature melting point kiln
Flue gas mixes so that flue-gas temperature remains 1100 DEG C~1200 DEG C in middle temperature reduction kiln kiln, is simultaneously from coker
Also Jing gas pipings enter adapter to coal gas, increase the reducing atmosphere of middle temperature reduction kiln；Reduction mineral aggregate kiln discharge temperature is 900 DEG C~
1000℃；
Step 5, melting and reducing and separation：900 DEG C~1000 DEG C of reduction mineral aggregate Jing adapters enter high temperature melting point kiln, while coal
Burnt and residue adjustment powder enters high temperature melting point kiln also according to setting ratio Jing adapter, the mass ratio of described coal tar and reduction mineral aggregate
Scope is 3:100~10:100；Described residue adjustment powder is 3 with the mass ratio range of reduction mineral aggregate:100~10:100；Burner
By coal dust and spray into kiln head cover from the flue gas of high-temperature blower fully to burn, form high-temperature flue gas stream and enter high temperature melting point kiln, also
Raw ore material and coal tar are brought rapidly up in high temperature melting point kiln, while completing the reduction of remaining ferronickel；High temperature melting point kiln flue-gas temperature
1600 DEG C~1700 DEG C are remained, melting material temperature is 1450 DEG C~1500 DEG C in kiln；Fused materials exist according to proportion difference
It is automatically separated in kiln, it is the structural system for melting ferronickel water and top for slag to form bottom；
Step 6, discharging：After ferronickel amount reaches setting value in high temperature melting point kiln, high temperature melting point kiln stops operating, and opens high temperature melting
The kiln body taphole of point kiln is continuously released ferronickel water and enters casting machine, ferronickel block finished product is formed, while kiln internal upper part slag is by kiln
Mouth overflows Jing kiln head covers and enters spice bed, exports to cooler from spice bed, and slag is expelled to slag charge and breaks Jing after cooler cooling
Broken machine, low temperature slag charge is become Jing after slag charge crusher in crushing；Taphole is closed after this batch ferronickel water reaches setting discharging amount,
It is rotated further the mixed rotary kiln of high temperature；During discharging, other each step work proceed；
Step 7, Slag treatment：High-temperature slag into spice bed mixes with the low temperature slag charge from slag charge disintegrating machine, quick to reduce
The temperature of melting slag charge, forms temperature and is 800 DEG C~900 DEG C and mix and stir slag charge, mix and stir slag charge be changed into by fused solution it is sticky
Solid-state enters cooler, and quickly a large amount of natural winds are blasted into cooler with aerator so that slag charge is quickly cooled down, while obtaining high temperature
Flue gas, for preamble technique thermal source is provided；The part discharging of cooler is recycled into slag charge disintegrating machine, persistently provides low temperature slag charge and uses
In mixing and stirring.
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| CN113549765A (en) * | 2021-07-16 | 2021-10-26 | 重庆大学 | Method for efficiently recycling waste lithium batteries by using pyrolytic coke through dry method |
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