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CN106653285A - Spiral stacked integrated transformer and inductor - Google Patents

Spiral stacked integrated transformer and inductor Download PDF

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Publication number
CN106653285A
CN106653285A CN201510727873.7A CN201510727873A CN106653285A CN 106653285 A CN106653285 A CN 106653285A CN 201510727873 A CN201510727873 A CN 201510727873A CN 106653285 A CN106653285 A CN 106653285A
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Prior art keywords
coil
line segment
spiral
metal line
spiral coil
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CN106653285B (en
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颜孝璁
简育生
叶达勋
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Realtek Semiconductor Corp
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Realtek Semiconductor Corp
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    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01FMAGNETS; INDUCTANCES; TRANSFORMERS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR MAGNETIC PROPERTIES
    • H01F17/00Fixed inductances of the signal type
    • H01F17/02Fixed inductances of the signal type without magnetic core
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01FMAGNETS; INDUCTANCES; TRANSFORMERS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR MAGNETIC PROPERTIES
    • H01F19/00Fixed transformers or mutual inductances of the signal type
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01FMAGNETS; INDUCTANCES; TRANSFORMERS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR MAGNETIC PROPERTIES
    • H01F27/00Details of transformers or inductances, in general
    • H01F27/28Coils; Windings; Conductive connections
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01FMAGNETS; INDUCTANCES; TRANSFORMERS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR MAGNETIC PROPERTIES
    • H01F27/00Details of transformers or inductances, in general
    • H01F27/28Coils; Windings; Conductive connections
    • H01F27/30Fastening or clamping coils, windings, or parts thereof together; Fastening or mounting coils or windings on core, casing, or other support
    • H01F27/306Fastening or mounting coils or windings on core, casing or other support
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01FMAGNETS; INDUCTANCES; TRANSFORMERS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR MAGNETIC PROPERTIES
    • H01F27/00Details of transformers or inductances, in general
    • H01F27/28Coils; Windings; Conductive connections
    • H01F27/2804Printed windings
    • H01F2027/2819Planar transformers with printed windings, e.g. surrounded by two cores and to be mounted on printed circuit

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Microelectronics & Electronic Packaging (AREA)
  • Coils Or Transformers For Communication (AREA)
  • Coils Of Transformers For General Uses (AREA)

Abstract

A spiral stacked integrated transformer is composed of a first inductor and a second inductor, the spiral stacked integrated transformer comprises: a first helical coil having a first outer coil and a first inner coil, the first inner coil being located within the first outer coil; a second helical coil having an overlap range with the first helical coil, having a second outer coil and a second inner coil, the second inner coil being located within the second outer coil; and a connecting structure for connecting the first helical coil and the second helical coil; the first inductor includes a portion of the first helical coil and a portion of the second helical coil, and the second inductor includes a portion of the first helical coil and a portion of the second helical coil.

Description

螺旋状堆叠式集成变压器和电感Helically stacked integrated transformer and inductor

技术领域technical field

本发明涉及变压器和电感,尤其涉及一种螺旋状堆叠式集成变压器和螺旋状堆叠式集成电感。The invention relates to a transformer and an inductor, in particular to a spiral stacked integrated transformer and a spiral stacked integrated inductor.

背景技术Background technique

电感以及变压器为射频集成电路中用来实现单端至差动信号转换、信号耦合、阻抗匹配等功能的重要元件,随着集成电路向系统单晶片(Systemon Chip,SoC)发展,集成电感(integrated inductor)和集成变压器(integratedtransformer)已逐渐取代传统的分离式元件,而被广泛地使用在射频集成电路中。然而,集成电路中的电感和变压器,往往会占用大量的芯片面积,因此,如何缩小集成电路中的电感和变压器的面积,并同时维持元件的特性,例如电应值、品质因数(quality factor,Q)及耦合系数(couplingcoefficient,K)等等,成为一个重要的课题。Inductors and transformers are important components used in radio frequency integrated circuits to achieve single-ended to differential signal conversion, signal coupling, impedance matching and other functions. With the development of integrated circuits to System on Chip (SoC), integrated inductors (integrated Inductor) and integrated transformer (integrated transformer) have gradually replaced traditional discrete components, and are widely used in radio frequency integrated circuits. However, the inductors and transformers in integrated circuits often occupy a large amount of chip area. Therefore, how to reduce the area of inductors and transformers in integrated circuits while maintaining the characteristics of components, such as electric resistance value, quality factor (quality factor, Q) and coupling coefficient (couplingcoefficient, K), etc., become an important topic.

发明内容Contents of the invention

鉴于现有技术的缺点,本发明的目的在于提供一种螺旋状堆叠式集成变压器和螺旋状堆叠式集成电感,以缩小元件面积和提高元件效能。In view of the disadvantages of the prior art, the object of the present invention is to provide a spiral stacked integrated transformer and a spiral stacked integrated inductor, so as to reduce the element area and improve the element efficiency.

本发明公开了一种螺旋状堆叠式集成变压器,由一第一电感和一第二电感所组成,包含:一第一螺旋状线圈,具有一第一外部线圈和一第一内部线圈,该第一内部线圈位于该第一外部线圈内;一第二螺旋状线圈,与该第一螺旋状线圈具有一重叠范围,具有一第二外部线圈和一第二内部线圈,该第二内部线圈位于该第二外部线圈内;以及一连接结构,用来连接该第一螺旋状线圈和该第二螺旋状线圈;其中,该第一电感包含该第一螺旋状线圈的一部分和该第二螺旋状线圈的一部分,该第二电感包含该第一螺旋状线圈的一部分和该第二螺旋状线圈的一部分。The invention discloses a helical stacked integrated transformer, which is composed of a first inductance and a second inductance, including: a first helical coil, a first external coil and a first internal coil, the first an inner coil located within the first outer coil; a second helical coil having an overlapping range with the first helical coil, having a second outer coil and a second inner coil, the second inner coil being located in the Inside the second external coil; and a connection structure for connecting the first helical coil and the second helical coil; wherein the first inductance includes a part of the first helical coil and the second helical coil A part of the second inductor includes a part of the first helical coil and a part of the second helical coil.

本发明还公开一种螺旋状堆叠式集成电感,具有一第一感应单元和一第二感应单元,包含:一第一螺旋状线圈,具有一第一外部线圈和一第一内部线圈,该第一内部线圈位于该第一外部线圈内,且第一螺旋状线圈包含一第一端点和一第二端点;一第二螺旋状线圈,与该第一螺旋状线圈具有一重叠范围,具有一第二外部线圈和一第二内部线圈,该第二内部线圈位于该第二外部线圈内,且第二螺旋状线圈包含一第三端点;以及一连接结构,用来连接该第一螺旋状线圈和该第二螺旋状线圈;其中,该第一感应单元包含该第一螺旋状线圈的一部分和该第二螺旋状线圈的一部分,并以该第一端点和该第三端点作为该第一感应单元的两个端点,该第二感应单元包含该第一螺旋状线圈的一部分和该第二螺旋状线圈的一部分,并以该第二端点和该第三端点作为该第二感应单元的两个端点。The present invention also discloses a helical stacked integrated inductor, which has a first induction unit and a second induction unit, including: a first helical coil, a first outer coil and a first inner coil, the first An inner coil is located within the first outer coil, and the first helical coil includes a first end point and a second end point; a second helical coil has an overlapping range with the first helical coil, and has a a second outer coil and a second inner coil, the second inner coil is located within the second outer coil, and the second helical coil includes a third terminal; and a connecting structure for connecting the first helical coil and the second helical coil; wherein, the first induction unit includes a part of the first helical coil and a part of the second helical coil, and uses the first end point and the third end point as the first The two ends of the induction unit, the second induction unit includes a part of the first helical coil and a part of the second helical coil, and the second end and the third end are used as the two ends of the second induction unit endpoint.

本发明的螺旋状堆叠式集成变压器和螺旋状堆叠式集成电感具有集成化的对称结构,提供高对称性的两个电感,更适合使用于集成电路中的被动元件。The spiral stacked integrated transformer and the spiral stacked integrated inductor of the present invention have an integrated symmetrical structure, provide two inductors with high symmetry, and are more suitable for use as passive components in integrated circuits.

有关本发明的特征、实践与效果,现在结合附图对实施例进行详细说明。Regarding the features, practices and effects of the present invention, the embodiments will now be described in detail in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.

附图说明Description of drawings

图1A为本发明螺旋状堆叠式集成变压器的一实施例的结构图;FIG. 1A is a structural diagram of an embodiment of a spiral stacked integrated transformer of the present invention;

图1B为本发明螺旋状堆叠式集成变压器的另一实施例的结构图;Figure 1B is a structural diagram of another embodiment of the spiral stacked integrated transformer of the present invention;

图1C为本发明螺旋状堆叠式集成变压器的另一实施例的结构图;Fig. 1C is a structural diagram of another embodiment of the spiral stacked integrated transformer of the present invention;

图1D和图1E为图1C的开关模块在不同的切换状态下螺旋状堆叠式集成变压器所对应的横截面图;FIG. 1D and FIG. 1E are cross-sectional views corresponding to the spiral stacked integrated transformer of the switch module in FIG. 1C under different switching states;

图2A和图2B为图1B的螺旋状堆叠式集成变压器200的电感值与Q值的模拟结果;FIG. 2A and FIG. 2B are the simulation results of the inductance value and Q value of the spiral stacked integrated transformer 200 in FIG. 1B;

图3A和图3B为本发明螺旋状堆叠式集成变压器的另一实施例的结构图;3A and 3B are structural diagrams of another embodiment of the spiral stacked integrated transformer of the present invention;

图4为本发明螺旋状堆叠式集成变压器的另一实施例的结构图;4 is a structural diagram of another embodiment of the spiral stacked integrated transformer of the present invention;

图5为本发明螺旋状堆叠式集成电感的一实施例的结构图;以及FIG. 5 is a structural diagram of an embodiment of the spiral stacked integrated inductor of the present invention; and

图6A至图6C为本发明螺旋状堆叠式集成变压器的另一实施例的立体结构图。6A to 6C are three-dimensional structural views of another embodiment of the spiral stacked integrated transformer of the present invention.

具体实施方式detailed description

以下说明内容的技术用语是参照本技术领域的习惯用语,如果本说明书对部分用语有说明或定义,该部分用语的解释是以本说明书的说明或定义为准。The technical terms in the following description refer to the customary terms in this technical field. If some terms are explained or defined in this manual, the explanations or definitions of these terms shall prevail.

图1A为本发明螺旋状堆叠式集成变压器的一实施例的结构图。螺旋状堆叠式集成变压器100由螺旋状线圈110和螺旋状线圈120所组成,螺旋状线圈110的开口方向与螺旋状线圈120的开口方向相差90度,螺旋状线圈110大多数的金属线段位于半导体结构中的第一金属层,螺旋状线圈120的大多数金属线段位于半导体结构中的第二金属层。螺旋状线圈110具有端点117和端点118,并且包含金属线段111、金属线段112、金属线段113以及金属线段114。金属线段111的左半部以及金属线段113构成螺旋状线圈110的外部线圈,而金属线段111的右半部以及金属线段112构成螺旋状线圈110的内部线圈。螺旋状线圈120具有端点127和端点128,并且包含金属线段121、金属线段122、金属线段123、金属线段124、金属线段125、金属线段131、金属线段132以及金属线段133。螺旋状线圈120同样包含外部线圈与内部线圈。其外部线圈包含金属线段121、金属线段131、金属线段122以及金属线段124的下半部;其内部线圈包含金属线段125、金属线段133、金属线段124的上侧部分以及金属线段123。FIG. 1A is a structural diagram of an embodiment of the spiral stacked integrated transformer of the present invention. The helical stacked integrated transformer 100 is composed of a helical coil 110 and a helical coil 120. The opening direction of the helical coil 110 is 90 degrees different from the opening direction of the helical coil 120. Most of the metal wire segments of the helical coil 110 are located in the semiconductor The first metal layer in the structure, most of the metal line segments of the helical coil 120 are located in the second metal layer in the semiconductor structure. The helical coil 110 has an end point 117 and an end point 118 and includes a metal wire segment 111 , a metal wire segment 112 , a metal wire segment 113 , and a metal wire segment 114 . The left half of the metal wire segment 111 and the metal wire segment 113 constitute the outer coil of the helical coil 110 , while the right half of the metal wire segment 111 and the metal wire segment 112 constitute the inner coil of the helical coil 110 . Helical coil 120 has end points 127 and 128 and includes wire segments 121 , 122 , 123 , 124 , 125 , 131 , 132 , and 133 . The helical coil 120 also includes an outer coil and an inner coil. Its outer coil includes metal wire segment 121 , metal wire segment 131 , metal wire segment 122 and the lower half of metal wire segment 124 ; its inner coil includes metal wire segment 125 , metal wire segment 133 , the upper part of metal wire segment 124 and metal wire segment 123 .

在半导体结构中,金属线段111、金属线段112和金属线段113属于第一金属层,金属线段114、金属线段121、金属线段122、金属线段123、金属线段124以及金属线段125属于第二金属层,金属线段131、金属线段132以及金属线段133属于第三金属层,三个金属层实质上为平行的结构。金属线段114通过垂直于金属层的贯穿结构(位于图中所示的贯穿位置)连接金属线段112与金属线段113,所以金属线段114可视为螺旋状线圈110的一部分。同理,虽然金属线段131、金属线段132以及金属线段133位于第三金属层,但实际上是分别通过多个贯穿结构来分别连接金属线段121与金属线段122、金属线段122与金属线段123以及金属线段124与金属线段125,所以金属线段131、金属线段132以及金属线段133可视为螺旋状线圈120的一部分。螺旋状线圈110与螺旋状线圈120为上下堆叠的结构,两者的外部线圈实质上重叠,两者的内部线圈实质上重叠,也就是说除了贯穿位置的部分,螺旋状线圈110与螺旋状线圈120互不接触,但在半导体结构中具有一重叠范围。In the semiconductor structure, the metal line segment 111, the metal line segment 112 and the metal line segment 113 belong to the first metal layer, and the metal line segment 114, the metal line segment 121, the metal line segment 122, the metal line segment 123, the metal line segment 124 and the metal line segment 125 belong to the second metal layer , the metal line segment 131 , the metal line segment 132 and the metal line segment 133 belong to the third metal layer, and the three metal layers are substantially parallel structures. The metal line segment 114 connects the metal line segment 112 and the metal line segment 113 through a penetrating structure (located at the penetrating position shown in the figure) perpendicular to the metal layer, so the metal line segment 114 can be regarded as a part of the helical coil 110 . Similarly, although the metal line segment 131, the metal line segment 132 and the metal line segment 133 are located in the third metal layer, they are actually connected to the metal line segment 121 and the metal line segment 122, the metal line segment 122 and the metal line segment 123 and the metal line segment 123 respectively through a plurality of through structures. The metal wire segment 124 and the metal wire segment 125 , so the metal wire segment 131 , the metal wire segment 132 and the metal wire segment 133 can be regarded as a part of the helical coil 120 . The helical coil 110 and the helical coil 120 are stacked up and down, the outer coils of the two substantially overlap, and the inner coils of the two substantially overlap, that is to say, the helical coil 110 and the helical coil 120 are not in contact with each other, but have an overlapping range in the semiconductor structure.

螺旋状堆叠式集成变压器100还包含连接结构160,连接结构160位于螺旋状线圈110与螺旋状线圈120的重叠范围内。连接结构160包含金属线段161和金属线段162,请注意,在此实施例中,虽然金属线段161与金属线段123相连且金属线段162与金属线段125相连,但为了清楚定义螺旋状线圈的内部线圈以更加容易阐释本发明,本发明特地将金属线段161和金属线段162定义为连接结构160,以与内部线圈区分。连接结构160的主要用来连接螺旋状线圈110的内部线圈与螺旋状线圈120的内部线圈,因此设置在螺旋状线圈110和螺旋状线圈120所重叠的范围中。在这个实施例中,连接结构160位于第二金属层,所以金属线段161直接与金属线段123连接,金属线段162直接与金属线段125连接,并且金属线段161与金属线段162通过贯穿位置150-3与贯穿位置150-4上的贯穿结构来分别与位于第一金属层的金属线段112与金属线段111相连接(贯穿位置150-3对应贯穿位置140-3以及贯穿位置150-4对应贯穿位置140-4),所以实际上金属线段112与金属线段161相连接以及金属线段111与金属线段162相连接。在不同的实施例中,连接结构160可以制成于不同的金属层,并且通过贯穿结构来连接属于不同层的金属线段。The helical stacked integrated transformer 100 further includes a connection structure 160 , and the connection structure 160 is located within the overlapping range of the helical coil 110 and the helical coil 120 . The connection structure 160 includes a metal line segment 161 and a metal line segment 162. Please note that in this embodiment, although the metal line segment 161 is connected to the metal line segment 123 and the metal line segment 162 is connected to the metal line segment 125, in order to clearly define the internal coil of the helical coil In order to explain the present invention more easily, the present invention specifically defines the metal wire segment 161 and the metal wire segment 162 as the connection structure 160 to distinguish them from the internal coil. The connection structure 160 is mainly used to connect the inner coil of the helical coil 110 and the inner coil of the helical coil 120 , so it is disposed in the overlapping range of the helical coil 110 and the helical coil 120 . In this embodiment, the connection structure 160 is located on the second metal layer, so the metal line segment 161 is directly connected to the metal line segment 123, the metal line segment 162 is directly connected to the metal line segment 125, and the metal line segment 161 and the metal line segment 162 pass through the position 150-3 The through structure on the through position 150-4 is respectively connected to the metal line segment 112 and the metal line segment 111 on the first metal layer (the through position 150-3 corresponds to the through position 140-3 and the through position 150-4 corresponds to the through position 140 -4), so actually the metal line segment 112 is connected to the metal line segment 161 and the metal line segment 111 is connected to the metal line segment 162 . In different embodiments, the connection structure 160 can be made in different metal layers, and connect metal line segments belonging to different layers through the through structure.

分析螺旋状堆叠式集成变压器100的结构可以发现,螺旋状堆叠式集成变压器100实际上包含2个电感。第一电感以端点117为其中一个端点,主要包含金属线段111、金属线段125、金属线段133及金属线段124,并以端点128为另一个端点,简要地说,第一电感包含螺旋状线圈110之外部线圈的左半部与内部线圈的右半部,以及螺旋状线圈120的内部线圈的上半部与外部线圈的下半部,即包含图1A中以浅灰色表示的金属线段;相似地,第二电感以端点118为其中一个端点,主要包含金属线段113、金属线段114、金属线段112、金属线段123、金属线段132、金属线段122、金属线段131及金属线段121,并以端点127为另一个端点,简要地说,第二电感包含螺旋状线圈110的外部线圈的右半部与内部线圈的左半部,以及螺旋状线圈120的内部线圈的下半部与外部线圈的上半部,即包含图1A中以深灰色表示的金属线段。螺旋状堆叠式集成变压器100通过两电感的磁场的交互作用,实现变压器的功能。Analyzing the structure of the helical stacked integrated transformer 100, it can be found that the helical stacked integrated transformer 100 actually includes two inductors. The first inductance takes the terminal 117 as one of the endpoints, mainly includes the metal line segment 111, the metal line segment 125, the metal line segment 133 and the metal line segment 124, and takes the terminal point 128 as the other end point. Briefly, the first inductance includes the spiral coil 110 The left half of the outer coil and the right half of the inner coil, and the upper half of the inner coil of the helical coil 120 and the lower half of the outer coil include the metal line segment represented by light gray in FIG. 1A; similarly, The second inductance takes endpoint 118 as one of its endpoints, and mainly includes metal line segment 113, metal line segment 114, metal line segment 112, metal line segment 123, metal line segment 132, metal line segment 122, metal line segment 131 and metal line segment 121, and takes endpoint 127 as The other end, briefly, the second inductance includes the right half of the outer coil and the left half of the inner coil of the helical coil 110, and the lower half of the inner coil and the upper half of the outer coil of the helical coil 120 , which contains the metal line segment shown in dark gray in Figure 1A. The helically stacked integrated transformer 100 realizes the function of a transformer through the interaction of the magnetic fields of the two inductors.

图1B为本发明螺旋状堆叠式集成变压器的另一实施例的结构图。基本上,螺旋状堆叠式集成变压器200仍然由2个螺旋状线圈(螺旋状线圈210及螺旋状线圈220)所组成,与螺旋状堆叠式集成变压器100不同的是,螺旋状线圈120的金属线段123在螺旋状线圈220中由金属线段123-1(第二金属层)、金属线段123-2(第二金属层)和金属线段134(第三金属层)所组成,且螺旋状堆叠式集成变压器200的连接结构170也与连接结构160有些许差异。连接结构170包含金属线段171、金属线段172、金属线段173以及金属线段174,其中除了金属线段174位于第一金属层之外,其他的金属线段皆位于第二金属层,也就是说本实施例的连接结构170分布于不只一层金属层。贯穿位置140-5对应贯穿位置150-5以及贯穿位置140-6对应贯穿位置150-6,使得金属线段112通过贯穿结构与金属线段171相连接,且金属线段111通过贯穿结构与金属线段173相连接。虽然螺旋状堆叠式集成变压器100与螺旋状堆叠式集成变压器200的连接结构不同,但第一电感和第二电感在螺旋状堆叠式集成变压器100与螺旋状堆叠式集成变压器200实质上具有相同的配置。FIG. 1B is a structural diagram of another embodiment of the spiral stacked integrated transformer of the present invention. Basically, the helical stacked integrated transformer 200 is still composed of two helical coils (helical coil 210 and helical coil 220 ). 123 is composed of a metal wire segment 123-1 (second metal layer), a metal wire segment 123-2 (second metal layer) and a metal wire segment 134 (third metal layer) in the helical coil 220, and the helical stacking type is integrated The connection structure 170 of the transformer 200 is also slightly different from the connection structure 160 . The connection structure 170 includes a metal line segment 171, a metal line segment 172, a metal line segment 173 and a metal line segment 174, wherein except the metal line segment 174 is located in the first metal layer, other metal line segments are all located in the second metal layer, that is to say, in this embodiment The connecting structures 170 are distributed on more than one metal layer. The penetration position 140-5 corresponds to the penetration position 150-5 and the penetration position 140-6 corresponds to the penetration position 150-6, so that the metal line segment 112 is connected to the metal line segment 171 through the penetration structure, and the metal line segment 111 is connected to the metal line segment 173 through the penetration structure. connect. Although the connection structures of the helical stacked integrated transformer 100 and the helical stacked integrated transformer 200 are different, the first inductance and the second inductance have substantially the same structure in the helical stacked integrated transformer 100 and the helical stacked integrated transformer 200. configuration.

图1C为本发明螺旋状堆叠式集成变压器的另一实施例的结构图。在这个实施例中,螺旋状堆叠式集成变压器300的连接结构180除了金属线段161与金属线段162之外,还包含开关模块181。开关模块181可以通过内部的多个开关单元决定贯穿位置150-3和贯穿位置150-4与金属线段161的端点和金属线段162的端点的连接方式,例如切换状态(1):贯穿位置150-3和贯穿位置150-4分别与金属线段162的端点和金属线段161的端点连接;以及切换状态(2):贯穿位置150-3和贯穿位置150-4分别与金属线段161的端点和金属线段162的端点连接。开关模块181的其中一种实施方式包含4个开关单元,以执行上述的切换,开关单元可以例如通过金属氧化物半导体场效应晶体管(MOSEFT)实践。图1D和图1E为图1C的开关模块在不同的切换状态下螺旋状堆叠式集成变压器所对应的横截面图,图1D和图1E是根据图1C的A-A’横截面绘制,图中还另外标示第一电感和第二电感在内部线圈和外部线圈的电流方向(此处以2电感的电流分别从端点117和端点118流入为例)。图1D对应上述的切换状态(1),图1E对应上述的切换状态(2)。可以发现,开关模块181的切换造成2个电感中的电流方向改变,使得2个电感的自感与互感产生变化,各自的电感值也就跟着变化。也就是说,实作上可以通过开关模块181来调整螺旋状堆叠式集成变压器300的2个电感的电感值。另外由图中可以发现,在此实施例中,第一螺旋状线圈所属的第一金属层位于第二螺旋状线圈所属的第二金属层之上,例如第一金属层和第二金属层分别为半导体结构中的重布层(redistribution layer,RDL)及超厚金属(Ultra-Thick Metal,UTM)层,而金属线段131、金属线段132和金属线段133所属的第三金属层则利用UTM层下方的金属层制作。Fig. 1C is a structural diagram of another embodiment of the spiral stacked integrated transformer of the present invention. In this embodiment, the connection structure 180 of the spiral stacked integrated transformer 300 also includes a switch module 181 in addition to the metal wire segment 161 and the metal wire segment 162 . The switch module 181 can determine the connection mode between the through position 150-3 and the through position 150-4 and the end point of the metal line segment 161 and the end point of the metal line segment 162 through a plurality of internal switch units, for example, switching state (1): through position 150- 3 and the through position 150-4 are connected with the end point of the metal line segment 162 and the end point of the metal line segment 161 respectively; 162 endpoint connections. One embodiment of the switch module 181 includes four switch units to perform the above-mentioned switching, and the switch units may be implemented, for example, by Metal Oxide Semiconductor Field Effect Transistors (MOSEFT). Figure 1D and Figure 1E are cross-sectional views corresponding to the spiral stacked integrated transformer of the switch module in Figure 1C in different switching states, Figure 1D and Figure 1E are drawn according to the AA' cross-section of Figure 1C, in the figure The current directions of the first inductor and the second inductor in the inner coil and the outer coil are also marked (here, the current of the two inductors flows in from the terminal 117 and the terminal 118 respectively as an example). FIG. 1D corresponds to the above switching state (1), and FIG. 1E corresponds to the above switching state (2). It can be found that the switching of the switch module 181 causes the direction of the current in the two inductors to change, so that the self-inductance and mutual inductance of the two inductors change, and the respective inductance values also change accordingly. That is to say, in practice, the inductance values of the two inductors of the spiral stacked integrated transformer 300 can be adjusted through the switch module 181 . In addition, it can be found from the figure that in this embodiment, the first metal layer to which the first helical coil belongs is located above the second metal layer to which the second helical coil belongs, for example, the first metal layer and the second metal layer are respectively It is a redistribution layer (redistribution layer, RDL) and an ultra-thick metal (Ultra-Thick Metal, UTM) layer in the semiconductor structure, and the third metal layer to which the metal line segment 131, the metal line segment 132 and the metal line segment 133 belong uses the UTM layer The underlying metal layer is fabricated.

图2A和图2B显示图1B的螺旋状堆叠式集成变压器200的电感值与Q值的模拟结果,其线宽为4μm、圈数为4圈、内径38μm、线距为2μm,图2A所对应的结构不包含图案接地屏蔽(patterned ground shield),而图2B则包含。图2A中,曲线311代表第一电感和第二电感的电感值(单位:nH),两者的电感值曲线实质上重叠,曲线312和曲线313分别代表第一电感和第二电感Q值;类似地,图2B中,曲线314代表第一电感和第二电感的电感值(单位:nH),两者的电感值曲线实质上重叠,曲线315和曲线316分别代表第一电感和第二电感Q值。如预期的,在有图案接地屏蔽的情况下电感值和Q值都有较好的表现,此外,更可以看出,在上述的集成变压器的结构下,第一电感和第二电感有实质上相等的电感值和几乎相同的Q值。由以上的说明可以发现,虽然在半导体结构中第一金属层与第二金属层的电阻值通常不相同,且螺旋状线圈的内部线圈与外部线圈可能遭遇不同的物理特性,但因为第一电感和第二电感均匀地分布在第一金属层与第二金属层以及螺旋状线圈的内部线圈与外部线圈,所以两者的电感值与Q值几乎完全相同,具有极佳的对称性。2A and 2B show the simulation results of the inductance value and Q value of the spiral stacked integrated transformer 200 in FIG. 1B. The line width is 4 μm, the number of turns is 4 turns, the inner diameter is 38 μm, and the line spacing is 2 μm, corresponding to FIG. 2A The structure of Figure 2B does not contain a patterned ground shield (patterned ground shield). In FIG. 2A, the curve 311 represents the inductance value (unit: nH) of the first inductor and the second inductor, and the inductance value curves of the two substantially overlap, and the curve 312 and the curve 313 respectively represent the Q value of the first inductor and the second inductor; Similarly, in Fig. 2B, the curve 314 represents the inductance value (unit: nH) of the first inductance and the second inductance, the inductance value curves of the two substantially overlap, and the curve 315 and the curve 316 represent the first inductance and the second inductance respectively Q value. As expected, the inductance value and Q value have better performance in the case of patterned ground shielding. In addition, it can be seen that under the above-mentioned integrated transformer structure, the first inductance and the second inductance have substantial Equal inductance values and nearly identical Q values. From the above description, it can be found that although the resistance values of the first metal layer and the second metal layer are usually different in the semiconductor structure, and the inner coil and the outer coil of the helical coil may encounter different physical characteristics, but because the first inductance and the second inductance are uniformly distributed in the first metal layer and the second metal layer and the inner coil and outer coil of the helical coil, so the inductance value and Q value of the two are almost identical, and have excellent symmetry.

图3A和图3B为本发明螺旋状堆叠式集成变压器的另一实施例的结构图。螺旋状堆叠式集成变压器400由螺旋状线圈410和螺旋状线圈420所构成,螺旋状线圈410的开口与螺旋状线圈420的开口朝同一方向。金属线段411应用于第四金属层,用来连接金属线段412和金属线段413,金属线段421应用于第三金属层,用来连接金属线段424和金属线段423。本实施例的连接结构460同样位于螺旋状线圈410与螺旋状线圈420的重叠范围中,包含开关模块461。开关模块461用来将金属线段422与金属线段423的各一端点与贯穿位置450-1和贯穿位置450-2连接,贯穿位置450-1与贯穿位置450-2分别对应贯穿位置440-1与贯穿位置440-2。类似地,开关模块461可以通过内部的多个开关单元的切换状态决定贯穿位置450-1和贯穿位置450-2与金属线段422的端点和金属线段423的端点的连接情形。图3A显示金属线段422的端点与贯穿位置450-2相连接以及金属线段423的端点与贯穿位置450-1相连接,因此第一电感包含螺旋状线圈410的外部线圈的左半部与内部线圈的右半部以及螺旋状线圈420的外部线圈的右半部与内部线圈的左半部,也就是对应浅灰色的金属线段,第二电感包含螺旋状线圈410的外部线圈的右半部与内部线圈的左半部以及螺旋状线圈420的外部线圈的左半部与内部线圈的右半部,也就是对应深灰色的金属线段。3A and 3B are structural diagrams of another embodiment of the spiral stacked integrated transformer of the present invention. The helical stacked integrated transformer 400 is composed of a helical coil 410 and a helical coil 420 , and the opening of the helical coil 410 and the opening of the helical coil 420 face the same direction. The metal line segment 411 is applied to the fourth metal layer for connecting the metal line segment 412 and the metal line segment 413 , and the metal line segment 421 is applied to the third metal layer for connecting the metal line segment 424 and the metal line segment 423 . The connection structure 460 of this embodiment is also located in the overlapping range of the helical coil 410 and the helical coil 420 , including the switch module 461 . The switch module 461 is used to connect each end point of the metal line segment 422 and the metal line segment 423 to the penetration position 450-1 and the penetration position 450-2, and the penetration position 450-1 and the penetration position 450-2 correspond to the penetration position 440-1 and the penetration position 450-2 respectively. Run through location 440-2. Similarly, the switch module 461 can determine the connection between the through position 450 - 1 and the through position 450 - 2 and the end points of the metal line segment 422 and the end point of the metal line segment 423 through switching states of multiple internal switch units. 3A shows that the end point of the metal line segment 422 is connected to the penetration position 450-2 and the end point of the metal line segment 423 is connected to the penetration position 450-1, so the first inductance includes the left half of the outer coil of the helical coil 410 and the inner coil The right half of the outer coil of the helical coil 420 and the left half of the inner coil, that is, the corresponding light gray metal line segment, the second inductance includes the right half of the outer coil of the helical coil 410 and the inner The left half of the coil and the left half of the outer coil and the right half of the inner coil of the helical coil 420 correspond to the dark gray metal line segment.

图3B显示螺旋状堆叠式集成变压器400的另一种切换状态:金属线段422的端点与贯穿位置450-1相连接以及金属线段423的端点与贯穿位置450-2相连接,因此第一电感包含螺旋状线圈410的外部线圈的左半部与内部线圈的右半部以及螺旋状线圈420的外部线圈的左半部与内部线圈的右半部,也就是对应浅灰色的金属线段,第二电感包含螺旋状线圈410的外部线圈的右半部与内部线圈的左半部以及螺旋状线圈420的外部线圈的右半部与内部线圈的左半部,也就是对应深灰色的金属线段。当第一电感和第二电感的配置改变时,其内部的电流方向和两个电感的自感与互感都发生变化,因此可以调整两个电感的电感值。3B shows another switching state of the spiral stacked integrated transformer 400: the end point of the metal line segment 422 is connected to the through position 450-1 and the end point of the metal line segment 423 is connected to the through position 450-2, so the first inductance includes The left half of the outer coil of the helical coil 410 and the right half of the inner coil and the left half of the outer coil of the helical coil 420 and the right half of the inner coil, that is, corresponding to the light gray metal line segment, the second inductance The right half of the outer coil and the left half of the inner coil of the helical coil 410 and the right half of the outer coil and the left half of the inner coil of the helical coil 420 correspond to the dark gray metal line segment. When the configuration of the first inductor and the second inductor is changed, the internal current direction and the self-inductance and mutual inductance of the two inductors all change, so the inductance values of the two inductors can be adjusted.

图4为本发明螺旋状堆叠式集成变压器的另一实施例的结构图。螺旋状堆叠式集成变压器500由螺旋状线圈510和螺旋状线圈520所构成,螺旋状线圈510的开口与螺旋状线圈520的开口朝相反方向,即两螺旋状线圈的开口方向相差180度。金属线段511虽位于第二金属层,但属于螺旋状线圈510的一部分,所以螺旋状线圈510的大部分位于第一金属层,少部分位于第二金属层;类似的,金属线段531虽位于第三金属层,但属于螺旋状线圈520的一部分,所以螺旋状线圈520的大部分位于第二金属层,少部分位于第三金属层。贯穿位置540-1和贯穿位置540-2分别对应贯穿位置550-1与贯穿位置550-2。连接结构560位于螺旋状线圈510与螺旋状线圈520的重叠范围中,包含多个金属线段和开关模块561。通过改变开关模块561的切换状态,可以改变第一电感与第二电感的配置。图4中的浅灰色线段构成第一电感,深灰色线段构成第二电感。请注意,本实施例中金属线段531虽制作于第三金属层,但由于其在第一金属层的相对应位置(如区域515所示)没有金属线段,所以在此情况下金属线段531也可以制作于第一金属层,以减少螺旋状堆叠式集成变压器500所占用的金属层数。Fig. 4 is a structural diagram of another embodiment of the spiral stacked integrated transformer of the present invention. The helical stacked integrated transformer 500 is composed of a helical coil 510 and a helical coil 520. The opening of the helical coil 510 and the opening of the helical coil 520 face opposite directions, that is, the opening directions of the two helical coils differ by 180 degrees. Although the metal line segment 511 is located in the second metal layer, it is part of the helical coil 510, so most of the helical coil 510 is located in the first metal layer, and a small part is located in the second metal layer; similarly, although the metal line segment 531 is located in the second metal layer There are three metal layers, but it belongs to a part of the helical coil 520 , so most of the helical coil 520 is located in the second metal layer, and a small part is located in the third metal layer. The through position 540-1 and the through position 540-2 respectively correspond to the through position 550-1 and the through position 550-2. The connection structure 560 is located in the overlapping range of the helical coil 510 and the helical coil 520 , and includes a plurality of metal wire segments and a switch module 561 . By changing the switching state of the switch module 561, the configurations of the first inductor and the second inductor can be changed. The light gray line segment in FIG. 4 constitutes the first inductance, and the dark gray line segment constitutes the second inductance. Please note that although the metal line segment 531 is made on the third metal layer in this embodiment, since there is no metal line segment at the corresponding position (as shown in area 515 ) of the first metal layer, the metal line segment 531 in this case is also It can be fabricated on the first metal layer to reduce the number of metal layers occupied by the spiral stacked integrated transformer 500 .

除了上述的螺旋状堆叠式集成变压器之外,本发明还公开了螺旋状堆叠式集成电感。对于上述的任一种螺旋状堆叠式集成变压器结构,如果将其中一个螺旋状线圈的两个端点相连接,即可得到螺旋状堆叠式集成电感。以图1A所示的螺旋状堆叠式集成变压器100为例,将螺旋状线圈120的端点127和端点128相连接后,即可得到如图5所示的结构。新形成的端点129可以作为电感的中央抽头(center tap),中央抽头可以连接至采用该螺旋状堆叠式集成电感的电路的电压源或接地。更详细地说,集成电感包含两个感应单元,并且以中央抽头为对称中心。第一感应单元(浅灰色金属线段)以端点117和端点129作为其两个端点,第二感应单元(深灰色金属线段)以端点118和端点129作为其两个端点。由对螺旋状堆叠式集成变压器的分析可知,以此结构所形成的第一感应单元和第二感应单元具有良好的对称性,适合作为集成电路中的被动元件。上述的作法可以套用至螺旋状堆叠式集成变压器200、螺旋状堆叠式集成变压器300、螺旋状堆叠式集成变压器400及螺旋状堆叠式集成变压器500,以形成螺旋状堆叠式集成电感。In addition to the above spiral stacked integrated transformer, the present invention also discloses a spiral stacked integrated inductor. For any of the above helical stacked integrated transformer structures, if the two ends of one of the helical coils are connected, a helical stacked integrated inductor can be obtained. Taking the helical stacked integrated transformer 100 shown in FIG. 1A as an example, after connecting the terminal 127 and the terminal 128 of the helical coil 120 , the structure as shown in FIG. 5 can be obtained. The newly formed terminal 129 can be used as a center tap of the inductor, and the center tap can be connected to a voltage source or ground of a circuit using the helically stacked integrated inductor. In more detail, the integrated inductor contains two sensing units and is symmetrically centered on the central tap. The first sensing unit (light gray metal line segment) has endpoints 117 and 129 as its two endpoints, and the second sensing unit (dark gray metal line segment) has endpoints 118 and 129 as its two endpoints. It can be known from the analysis of the spiral stacked integrated transformer that the first sensing unit and the second sensing unit formed by this structure have good symmetry and are suitable as passive components in integrated circuits. The above method can be applied to the helical stacked integrated transformer 200 , the helical stacked integrated transformer 300 , the helical stacked integrated transformer 400 and the helical stacked integrated transformer 500 to form the helical stacked integrated inductor.

请注意,本发明的螺旋状堆叠式集成变压器或螺旋状堆叠式集成电感不限于前面实施例的2圈结构,实际上任一螺旋状线圈可以应用更多圈。图6A~6C为本发明螺旋状堆叠式集成变压器的另一实施例的立体结构图,图6A显示制作于第一金属层的金属线段,图6B显示制作于第二金属层和第三金属层的金属线段,图6C则显示叠合的两个金属层。结构中位于第三金属层的金属线段于图6B中以扁平的线段表示,例如金属线段134。虽然本实施例的两个螺旋状线圈都实践为4圈,但仍可与图1B的螺旋状堆叠式集成变压器200互相参照以更加了解本发明,其中相对应的元件具有相同的元件符号。值得注意的是,图1B中的金属线段131在图6B中制作于第二金属层,贯穿结构601用来连接位于其对应贯穿位置的金属线段,可以利用导孔(via)结构或是导孔阵列(via array)来实践。而如果贯穿结构601所连接的上下两层金属层之间还包含硅晶层,则贯穿结构601为一直通硅晶导孔(through silicon via,TSV)。若除去贯穿结构,则第一金属层的金属线段与第二金属层的金属线段不相连。本发明的螺旋状堆叠式集成变压器或螺旋状堆叠式集成电感也不限于四边形的结构,螺旋状线圈可以为其他的多边形结构。图6B中的金属线段602虽制作于第三金属层,但也可如图1A或1B所示制作于第二金属层。Please note that the helical stacked integrated transformer or the helical stacked integrated inductor of the present invention is not limited to the 2-turn structure of the previous embodiment, in fact any helical coil can be applied with more turns. 6A to 6C are three-dimensional structural views of another embodiment of the spiral stacked integrated transformer of the present invention. FIG. 6A shows the metal line segment made on the first metal layer, and FIG. 6B shows the metal line segment made on the second metal layer and the third metal layer. , and Figure 6C shows two superimposed metal layers. The metal line segment in the third metal layer in the structure is represented by a flat line segment in FIG. 6B , such as the metal line segment 134 . Although the two helical coils in this embodiment are actually 4 turns, they can still be cross-referenced with the helical stacked integrated transformer 200 in FIG. 1B for a better understanding of the present invention, wherein corresponding components have the same reference numerals. It is worth noting that the metal line segment 131 in FIG. 1B is fabricated on the second metal layer in FIG. 6B , and the through structure 601 is used to connect the metal line segment at its corresponding through position, and a via structure or a via structure can be used. Array (via array) to practice. However, if the through structure 601 is connected with a silicon layer between the upper and lower metal layers, the through structure 601 is a through silicon via (TSV). If the through structure is removed, the metal line segment of the first metal layer is not connected to the metal line segment of the second metal layer. The helical stacked integrated transformer or helical stacked integrated inductor of the present invention is not limited to a quadrilateral structure, and the helical coil may have other polygonal structures. Although the metal line segment 602 in FIG. 6B is made on the third metal layer, it can also be made on the second metal layer as shown in FIG. 1A or 1B .

请注意,前述图示中,元件的形状、尺寸以及比例等仅是示意性的,即仅供本技术领域的普通技术人员了解本发明之用,非用以限制本发明。虽然本发明的实施例如上所述,然而这些实施例并非用来限定本发明,本技术领域的普通技术人员可根据本发明明示或隐含的内容对本发明的技术特征施以变化,这些变化均可能属于本发明所保护的范围,换言之,本发明的专利保护范围需根据本说明书的申请专利范围来界定。Please note that in the foregoing illustrations, the shapes, sizes, and proportions of elements are only schematic, that is, for those of ordinary skill in the art to understand the present invention, and are not intended to limit the present invention. Although the embodiments of the present invention are as described above, these embodiments are not intended to limit the present invention, and those skilled in the art can make changes to the technical characteristics of the present invention according to the contents of the present invention, expressly or implicitly, and these changes are all may belong to the protection scope of the present invention, in other words, the patent protection scope of the present invention shall be defined according to the patent application scope of this specification.

【符号说明】【Symbol Description】

100、200、300、400、500 螺旋状堆叠式集成变压器100, 200, 300, 400, 500 Spiral stacked integrated transformers

110、120、210、220、410、420、510、520 螺旋状线圈110, 120, 210, 220, 410, 420, 510, 520 helical coil

111、112、113、114、121、122、123、123-1、123-2、124、125、131、132、133、134、161、162、171、172、173、174、411、412、413、421、422、423、424、511、531、602 金属线段111, 112, 113, 114, 121, 122, 123, 123-1, 123-2, 124, 125, 131, 132, 133, 134, 161, 162, 171, 172, 173, 174, 411, 412, 413, 421, 422, 423, 424, 511, 531, 602 Metal wire segments

117、118、127、128、129 端点117, 118, 127, 128, 129 endpoints

160、170、180、460、560 连接结构160, 170, 180, 460, 560 connection structure

140-3、140-4、140-5、140-6、150-3、150-4、150-5、150-6、440-1、440-2、450-1、450-2、540-1、540-2、550-1、550-2 贯穿位置140-3, 140-4, 140-5, 140-6, 150-3, 150-4, 150-5, 150-6, 440-1, 440-2, 450-1, 450-2, 540- 1, 540-2, 550-1, 550-2 through position

181、461、561 开关模块181, 461, 561 switch modules

311、312、313、314、315、316 曲线311, 312, 313, 314, 315, 316 curves

515 区域515 area

601 贯穿结构601 through structure

Claims (10)

1. a kind of helical form stack integrated transformer, is made up of one first inductance and one second inductance, The helical form stack integrated transformer is included:
One first spiral coil, first spiral coil has one first external coil With one first Inside coil, first Inside coil is in first external coil;
One second spiral coil, second spiral coil and first spiral wire Circle has an overlapping range, and second spiral coil has one second external coil and Second Inside coil, second Inside coil is located in second external coil;And
One attachment structure, the attachment structure is used for connecting first spiral coil and institute State the second spiral coil;
Wherein, first inductance includes the part of first spiral coil and described A part for second spiral coil, second inductance includes first spiral coil A part and second spiral coil a part.
2. helical form stack integrated transformer according to claim 1, wherein, the connection Structure is located in the overlapping range.
3. helical form stack integrated transformer according to claim 1, wherein, the connection Structure connects first Inside coil and second Inside coil.
4. helical form stack integrated transformer according to claim 1, wherein, described first Spiral coil is located on a first metal layer of semiconductor structure, second helical form Coil is located in a second metal layer of the semiconductor structure.
5. helical form stack integrated transformer according to claim 4, wherein, the connection Structure include multiple metal wire sections, the plurality of metal wire sections be located at the first metal layer and In one of described second metal layer.
6. helical form stack integrated transformer according to claim 4, wherein, the connection Structure include multiple metal wire sections, the plurality of metal wire sections be located at the first metal layer and In the second metal layer.
7. helical form stack integrated transformer according to claim 1, wherein, the connection Structure includes a switch module, and the switch module has one first switching state and one second Switching state, when the switch module is first switching state, first inductance A Part I comprising second spiral coil, when the switch module is described the During two switching states, first inductance one second comprising second spiral coil Point.
8. helical form stack integrated transformer according to claim 7, wherein, described first Part and the Part II constitute complete second spiral coil.
9. helical form stack integrated transformer according to claim 1, wherein, described first Inductance comprising the part of first external coil, a part for first Inside coil, A part for a part for second external coil and second Inside coil, and A part, first Inside coil of second inductance comprising first external coil A part, the one of a part for second external coil and second Inside coil Part.
10. a kind of helical form stack integrated inductor, the helical form stack integrated inductor has one the One sensing unit and one second sensing unit, the helical form stack integrated inductor is included:
One first spiral coil, first spiral coil has one first external coil With one first Inside coil, first Inside coil be located at first external coil in, And first spiral coil includes a first end point and one second end points;
One second spiral coil, second spiral coil and first spiral wire Circle has an overlapping range, and second spiral coil has one second external coil and Second Inside coil, second Inside coil is located in second external coil, and Second spiral coil includes one the 3rd end points;And
One attachment structure, the attachment structure is used for connecting first spiral coil and institute State the second spiral coil;
Wherein, first sensing unit comprising first spiral coil a part and A part for second spiral coil, and with the first end point and the 3rd end points Used as two end points of first sensing unit, second sensing unit includes described the A part for a part for one spiral coil and second spiral coil, and with described Two end points of second end points and the 3rd end points as second sensing unit.
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