CN106646267A - Method and device for detecting service life of battery of power distribution terminal - Google Patents
Method and device for detecting service life of battery of power distribution terminal Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
本发明公开了一种配电终端电池寿命检测方法及装置，所述方法包括：获取被检测电池两端的端电压，检测被检测电池的内阻；当内阻检测完成时，对被检测电池进行放电测试，得到短时放电曲线；根据检测初始电压和检测结束电压，得到检测参考电压点；并获取被检测电池的标准放电曲线，得到标准斜率；再根据容量计算公式，得到被检测电池容量的估算值；对被检测电池进行内阻和温度补偿，得到被检测电池的实际容量。本发明提供的方法及装置，基于电压变化率的短时放电测试被检测电池的实际容量，测试时间短，不需将被检测电池的电量全部放出，减少了能量的浪费，且综合考虑容量、温度、内阻间的关系，容量测试准确，对被检测电池的健康状态评价合理。
The invention discloses a method and device for detecting battery life of a power distribution terminal. The method includes: acquiring the terminal voltage at both ends of the battery to be tested, and detecting the internal resistance of the battery to be tested; Discharge test to obtain short-term discharge curve; according to the detection initial voltage and detection end voltage, the detection reference voltage point is obtained; and the standard discharge curve of the tested battery is obtained to obtain the standard slope; then according to the capacity calculation formula, the measured battery capacity is obtained Estimated value: Compensate the internal resistance and temperature of the tested battery to obtain the actual capacity of the tested battery. The method and device provided by the present invention test the actual capacity of the tested battery based on the short-term discharge of the voltage change rate. The relationship between temperature and internal resistance, the capacity test is accurate, and the health status evaluation of the tested battery is reasonable.
Description
技术领域technical field
本发明涉及配电自动化技术领域，特别涉及一种配电终端电池寿命检测方法及装置。The invention relates to the technical field of power distribution automation, in particular to a method and device for detecting battery life of a power distribution terminal.
背景技术Background technique
配电终端设备的蓄电池作为后备电源承担着给终端持续供电的作用，当现场停电时，蓄电池组将成为配电终端工作的唯一电源。近年来，随着用户对供电可靠性的要求越来越高，配电终端也大面积地使用于配电自动化中，蓄电池一旦出现老化或者容量不足等问题，将可能导致配电终端不能正常工作，使得配电自动化系统失效，因此有必要定期对蓄电池的性能进行测试，及时了解蓄电池的健康状态。The battery of the power distribution terminal equipment is used as a backup power supply to continuously supply power to the terminal. When the on-site power failure occurs, the battery pack will become the only power source for the power distribution terminal. In recent years, as users have higher and higher requirements for power supply reliability, power distribution terminals are also widely used in power distribution automation. Once the battery is aging or has insufficient capacity, it may cause the power distribution terminal to fail to work normally. , so that the power distribution automation system fails, so it is necessary to test the performance of the battery regularly to keep abreast of the health status of the battery.
目前，现有的针对配电终端电池容量的检测方法是使用核对放电法和电导测试法等。核对放电法虽然测试蓄电池容量准确，但是核对放电测试时需将电池充满放电至截止电压，测试时间长，且造成了蓄电池能量的浪费；电导测试法通过测试蓄电池电导(内阻)来判断蓄电池的实际容量，但是仅当蓄电池容量不足额定容量的50％时，蓄电池的内阻才会与容量有良好的一致性，因此电导测试不能完全评价蓄电池的健康状态。At present, the existing detection methods for the battery capacity of the power distribution terminal use the check discharge method and the conductivity test method. Although the check discharge method is accurate in testing the capacity of the battery, the battery needs to be fully discharged to the cut-off voltage during the check discharge test, which takes a long time and causes waste of battery energy; the conductivity test method judges the battery capacity by testing the conductance (internal resistance) of the battery. The actual capacity, but only when the battery capacity is less than 50% of the rated capacity, the internal resistance of the battery will have a good consistency with the capacity, so the conductivity test cannot fully evaluate the health status of the battery.
因此，现有的针对配电终端电池容量的检测方法具有测试时间长、测试结果不准确，且电池容量浪费严重的缺点。Therefore, the existing detection method for the battery capacity of the power distribution terminal has the disadvantages of long test time, inaccurate test results, and serious waste of battery capacity.
发明内容Contents of the invention
本发明的发明目的在于提供一种配电终端电池寿命检测方法及装置，以解决现有的检测方法具有测试时间长、测试结果不准确，且电池容量浪费严重的问题。The purpose of the present invention is to provide a method and device for detecting battery life of a power distribution terminal to solve the problems of long test time, inaccurate test results and serious waste of battery capacity in existing detection methods.
第一方面，根据本发明的实施例，提供了一种配电终端电池寿命检测方法，包括以下步骤：In the first aspect, according to an embodiment of the present invention, a method for detecting battery life of a power distribution terminal is provided, including the following steps:
S1、获取被检测电池两端的端电压，判断所述端电压是否大于所述被检测电池两端的最低电压；如果所述端电压小于所述最低电压，则对被检测电池进行充电处理，直到所述端电压大于所述最低电压；如果所述端电压大于所述最低电压，则检测所述被检测电池的内阻；S1. Obtain the terminal voltage at both ends of the detected battery, and determine whether the terminal voltage is greater than the minimum voltage at both ends of the detected battery; if the terminal voltage is less than the minimum voltage, charge the detected battery until the The terminal voltage is greater than the minimum voltage; if the terminal voltage is greater than the minimum voltage, the internal resistance of the detected battery is detected;
S2、当所述被检测电池的内阻检测完成时，则对所述被检测电池进行放电测试，得到短时放电曲线；包括：S2. When the internal resistance detection of the tested battery is completed, perform a discharge test on the tested battery to obtain a short-term discharge curve; including:
S21、获取检测装置的最大功率，所述被检测电池的额定容量和额定电压，得到所述被检测电池的放电电流；S21. Obtain the maximum power of the detection device, the rated capacity and rated voltage of the detected battery, and obtain the discharge current of the detected battery;
S22、当所述被检测电池的放电电流检测完成时，获取所述被检测电池的最小浮冲电压，根据所述端电压和所述最小浮冲电压，确定检测初始电压和检测初始时间；S22. When the detection of the discharge current of the detected battery is completed, obtain the minimum floating voltage of the detected battery, and determine an initial detection voltage and an initial detection time according to the terminal voltage and the minimum floating voltage;
S23、获取所述被检测电池的端电压降落值，对所述步骤S21中的放电电流持续放电5min，判断所述被检测电池的端电压降落值是否大于20mV，如果所述端电压降落值小于20mV，则对所述放电电流持续放电，如果所述端电压降落值大于20mV，则停止检测，得到检测结束时间和检测结束电压，并得到所述短时放电曲线；S23. Obtain the terminal voltage drop value of the detected battery, continuously discharge the discharge current in step S21 for 5 minutes, and judge whether the terminal voltage drop value of the detected battery is greater than 20mV, if the terminal voltage drop value is less than 20mV, then continue to discharge the discharge current, if the terminal voltage drop value is greater than 20mV, then stop the detection, obtain the detection end time and detection end voltage, and obtain the short-term discharge curve;
S3、根据所述短时放电曲线，得到放电曲线的斜率；S3. Obtain the slope of the discharge curve according to the short-time discharge curve;
S4、根据所述检测初始电压和所述检测结束电压，得到检测参考电压点；S4. Obtain a detection reference voltage point according to the detection initial voltage and the detection end voltage;
S5、获取所述被检测电池的标准放电曲线，根据所述检测参考电压点的电压，得到标准斜率；S5. Obtain a standard discharge curve of the detected battery, and obtain a standard slope according to the voltage at the detection reference voltage point;
S6、根据所述额定容量、所述放电曲线的斜率和所述标准斜率，并根据容量计算公式，得到被检测电池容量的估算值；S6. Obtain an estimated value of the detected battery capacity according to the rated capacity, the slope of the discharge curve, and the standard slope, and according to a capacity calculation formula;
S7、根据所述被检测电池容量的估算值，对所述被检测电池进行内阻补偿处理，得到内阻补偿后的容量；S7. Perform internal resistance compensation processing on the detected battery according to the estimated value of the detected battery capacity, to obtain a capacity after internal resistance compensation;
S8、根据所述内阻补偿后的容量和所述被检测电池的实际温度，对所述被检测电池进行温度补偿处理，得到所述被检测电池的实际容量。S8. Perform temperature compensation processing on the detected battery according to the capacity after internal resistance compensation and the actual temperature of the detected battery to obtain the actual capacity of the detected battery.
优选地，所述步骤S21具体包括：Preferably, the step S21 specifically includes:
获取所述检测装置的最大功率，所述被检测电池的额定容量和额定电压，逐步计算放电倍率，并根据所述放电倍率，得到所述被检测电池的放电电流；其中，所述放电倍率的计算公式为：Obtain the maximum power of the detection device, the rated capacity and rated voltage of the detected battery, gradually calculate the discharge rate, and obtain the discharge current of the detected battery according to the discharge rate; wherein, the discharge rate of The calculation formula is:
RatedVol×mag×RatedCap/10≤Pmax；RatedVol×mag×RatedCap/10≤P max ;
式中，RatedVol表示所述被检测电池的额定电压，RatedCap表示所述被检测电池的额定容量，Pmax表示所述检测装置的最大功率，mag表示放电倍率；In the formula, RatedVol represents the rated voltage of the detected battery, RatedCap represents the rated capacity of the detected battery, P max represents the maximum power of the detection device, and mag represents the discharge rate;
所述放电电流的计算公式为：The calculation formula of the discharge current is:
I＝mag×RatedCap/10；I=mag×RatedCap/10;
式中，I表示放电电流，RatedCap表示所述被检测电池的额定容量，mag表示放电倍率。In the formula, I represents the discharge current, RatedCap represents the rated capacity of the tested battery, and mag represents the discharge rate.
优选地，所述步骤S22具体包括以下步骤：Preferably, the step S22 specifically includes the following steps:
获取所述被检测电池的最小浮冲电压，判断所述端电压是否大于所述最小浮冲电压；Obtaining the minimum floating voltage of the detected battery, and judging whether the terminal voltage is greater than the minimum floating voltage;
如果所述端电压大于所述最小浮冲电压，则根据所述放电电流持续放电30s，当所述端电压的变化恒定时，再持续放电1.5min，当所述端电压小于所述最小浮冲电压时，记录所述检测初始电压和所述检测初始时间；If the terminal voltage is greater than the minimum float voltage, continue to discharge for 30s according to the discharge current. When the change of the terminal voltage is constant, continue to discharge for 1.5min. When the terminal voltage is less than the minimum float voltage, record the detection initial voltage and the detection initial time;
如果所述端电压小于所述最小浮冲电压，则根据所述放电电流持续放电30s，当所述端电压的变化恒定时，记录所述检测初始电压和所述检测初始时间。If the terminal voltage is less than the minimum floating voltage, continue to discharge for 30s according to the discharge current, and record the detection initial voltage and the detection initial time when the change of the terminal voltage is constant.
优选地，所述步骤S3中，根据所述短时放电曲线，得到放电曲线的斜率；其中，所述放电曲线的斜率的计算公式为：Preferably, in the step S3, according to the short-term discharge curve, the slope of the discharge curve is obtained; wherein, the calculation formula of the slope of the discharge curve is:
Kt＝ΔU/(TimeEnd-TimeStart)；K t =ΔU/(Time End -Time Start );
式中，Kt表示放电曲线的斜率，ΔU表示端电压降落值，TimeStart表示检测初始时间，TimeEnd表示检测结束时间。In the formula, K t represents the slope of the discharge curve, ΔU represents the terminal voltage drop value, Time Start represents the initial detection time, and Time End represents the detection end time.
优选地，所述步骤S6中，所述被检测电池容量的估算值的容量计算公式为：Preferably, in the step S6, the capacity calculation formula of the estimated value of the detected battery capacity is:
Ct＝RatedCap×kr×mag×(RatedCap/12)/kt；C t = RatedCap×k r ×mag×(RatedCap/12)/k t ;
式中，RatedCap表示额定容量，Kt表示放电曲线的斜率，Kr表示标准斜率，mag表示放电倍率。In the formula, RatedCap represents the rated capacity, K t represents the slope of the discharge curve, K r represents the standard slope, and mag represents the discharge rate.
优选地，所述步骤S7具体包括：Preferably, the step S7 specifically includes:
提高所述被检测电池的截止电压，并根据所述截止电压，得到与所述额定电压一致时的时间和所述额定电压降至10.5V所经过的时间，再根据所述被检测电池容量的估算值，对所述被检测电池进行内阻补偿处理，得到内阻补偿后的容量；其中，所述截止电压的计算公式为：Increase the cut-off voltage of the detected battery, and according to the cut-off voltage, obtain the time when the rated voltage is consistent with the rated voltage and the elapsed time for the rated voltage to drop to 10.5V, and then according to the measured battery capacity Estimated value, performing internal resistance compensation processing on the detected battery to obtain the capacity after internal resistance compensation; wherein, the calculation formula of the cut-off voltage is:
BatVolmin＝10.5×RatedVol/12+BatRes×RatedCap(V)；BatVol min = 10.5×RatedVol/12+BatRes×RatedCap(V);
式中，BatVolmin表示截止电压，RatedVol表示被检测电池的额定电压，BatRes表示被检测电池的内阻，RatedCap表示被检测电池的额定容量；In the formula, BatVol min represents the cut-off voltage, RatedVol represents the rated voltage of the tested battery, BatRes represents the internal resistance of the tested battery, and RatedCap represents the rated capacity of the tested battery;
所述内阻补偿的容量计算公式为：Ctr＝Ct×Ttest/Tst；The formula for calculating the capacity of internal resistance compensation is: C tr =C t ×T test /T st ;
式中，Ctr表示所述内阻补偿后的容量，Ct表示所述被检测电池容量的估算值，Ttest表示补偿后的截止电压与额定电压一致时的时间，Tst表示额定电压降至10.5V所经过的时间。In the formula, C tr represents the capacity after internal resistance compensation, C t represents the estimated value of the detected battery capacity, T test represents the time when the cut-off voltage after compensation is consistent with the rated voltage, and T st represents the rated voltage drop to 10.5V elapsed time.
优选地，所述步骤S8中，所述被检测电池的实际容量的计算公式为：Preferably, in the step S8, the formula for calculating the actual capacity of the detected battery is:
Ce＝Ctr/(1+K(T-25))；C e =C tr /(1+K(T-25));
式中，Ce表示所述被检测电池的实际容量，Ctr表示所述内阻补偿后的容量，T表示被检测电池的实际温度，单位为℃，K表示温度系数，K＝0.005～0.008/℃。In the formula, C e represents the actual capacity of the tested battery, C tr represents the capacity after internal resistance compensation, T represents the actual temperature of the tested battery in °C, K represents the temperature coefficient, K=0.005～0.008 /°C.
第二方面，根据本发明的实施例，提供了一种配电终端电池寿命检测装置，包括：主控制模块、电压检测电路、内阻检测电路、通信电路、交流电流输出电路、恒流放电电路和锂电池组，其中，In the second aspect, according to an embodiment of the present invention, a battery life detection device for a power distribution terminal is provided, including: a main control module, a voltage detection circuit, an internal resistance detection circuit, a communication circuit, an AC current output circuit, and a constant current discharge circuit and lithium battery packs, where,
所述主控制模块的输出端分别与所述电压检测电路、所述内阻检测电路、所述通信电路、所述交流电流输出电路、所述恒流放电电路和所述锂电池组的输入端相连接；The output terminal of the main control module is respectively connected with the input terminal of the voltage detection circuit, the internal resistance detection circuit, the communication circuit, the AC current output circuit, the constant current discharge circuit and the lithium battery pack connected;
所述主控制模块的输入端分别与所述电压检测电路、所述内阻检测电路、所述通信电路、所述交流电流输出电路、所述恒流放电电路和所述锂电池组的输出端相连接；The input terminal of the main control module is respectively connected with the output terminal of the voltage detection circuit, the internal resistance detection circuit, the communication circuit, the AC current output circuit, the constant current discharge circuit and the lithium battery pack connected;
所述交流电流输出电路包括功率模块和发送指令模块；The AC current output circuit includes a power module and a sending instruction module;
所述发送指令模块用于发送请求输出交流电流的控制指令；The sending instruction module is used to send a control instruction requesting to output AC current;
所述功率模块用于输出所述交流电流；The power module is used to output the AC current;
所述主控制模块用于接收所述控制指令，并控制所述交流电流输出电路内的所述功率模块输出所述交流电流；The main control module is used to receive the control instruction, and control the power module in the AC current output circuit to output the AC current;
所述电压检测电路用于实时检测被检测电池两端的直流电压；The voltage detection circuit is used to detect the DC voltage at both ends of the detected battery in real time;
所述内阻检测电路用于实时检测所述被检测电池两端的交流电压，并根据所述交流电流，得到被检测电池的内阻；The internal resistance detection circuit is used to detect the AC voltage at both ends of the detected battery in real time, and obtain the internal resistance of the detected battery according to the AC current;
所述恒流放电电路用于控制所述被检测电池进行恒流放电，进行放电测试；The constant current discharge circuit is used to control the tested battery to perform constant current discharge and conduct discharge test;
所述通信电路用于输出检测数据，所述检测数据包括：所述直流电压、所述交流电压、所述交流电流和所述内阻；The communication circuit is used to output detection data, and the detection data includes: the DC voltage, the AC voltage, the AC current and the internal resistance;
所述锂电池组用于提供电能。The lithium battery pack is used to provide electric energy.
优选地，所述装置还包括人机交互模块，所述人机交互模块包括显示单元和输入单元；所述显示单元和所述输入单元分别与所述主控制模块相连接；所述显示单元用于显示所述检测数据；所述输入单元用于设定相应工作参数。Preferably, the device further includes a human-computer interaction module, the human-computer interaction module includes a display unit and an input unit; the display unit and the input unit are respectively connected to the main control module; for displaying the detected data; the input unit is used for setting corresponding working parameters.
优选地，所述装置还包括锂电池充放电管理电路，所述锂电池充放电管理电路设置于所述锂电池组和所述主控制模块之间，所述锂电池充放电管理电路分别与所述锂电池组和所述主控制模块相连接；所述锂电池充放电管理电路用于控制所述锂电池组的充电和放电。Preferably, the device further includes a lithium battery charge and discharge management circuit, the lithium battery charge and discharge management circuit is arranged between the lithium battery pack and the main control module, and the lithium battery charge and discharge management circuit is respectively connected to the The lithium battery pack is connected to the main control module; the lithium battery charge and discharge management circuit is used to control the charging and discharging of the lithium battery pack.
由以上技术方案可知，本发明提供了一种配电终端电池寿命检测方法及装置，所述方法包括以下步骤：获取被检测电池两端的端电压，判断端电压是否大于最低电压，并检测被检测电池的内阻；当内阻检测完成时，对被检测电池进行放电测试，得到短时放电曲线，进而得到放电曲线的斜率；根据检测初始电压和检测结束电压，得到检测参考电压点；并获取被检测电池的标准放电曲线，得到标准斜率；再根据容量计算公式，得到被检测电池容量的估算值；对所述被检测电池进行内阻补偿处理和温度补偿处理，得到被检测电池的实际容量。本发明提供的方法及装置，基于电压变化率的短时放电测试被检测电池的实际容量；首先进行内阻测量，利用被检测电池的容量与端电压的变化间存在的关系，确定内阻；再进行放电测试，通过对被检测电池进行5～20min的恒流短时放电；最后进行容量测量，根据被检测电池端电压的电压变化率对被检测电池容量进行估算；该方法充分考虑了被检测电池的内阻和温度对实际容量的影响，根据四线制交流测试法测得的内阻与被检测电池的现场温度对被检测电池容量进行补偿，进而对被检测电池的健康状态进行评价。本发明提供的方法及装置测试时间短，不需将被检测电池的电量全部放出，减少了能量的浪费，且综合考虑了容量、温度、内阻间的关系，容量测试准确，对被检测电池的健康状态评价合理。It can be seen from the above technical solutions that the present invention provides a method and device for detecting battery life of a power distribution terminal. The method includes the following steps: obtaining the terminal voltage at both ends of the detected battery, judging whether the terminal voltage is greater than the minimum voltage, and detecting whether the terminal voltage is greater than the minimum voltage. The internal resistance of the battery; when the internal resistance detection is completed, conduct a discharge test on the detected battery to obtain a short-term discharge curve, and then obtain the slope of the discharge curve; obtain the detection reference voltage point according to the detection initial voltage and detection end voltage; and obtain The standard discharge curve of the tested battery is obtained to obtain the standard slope; then according to the capacity calculation formula, the estimated value of the detected battery capacity is obtained; the internal resistance compensation processing and temperature compensation processing are performed on the detected battery to obtain the actual capacity of the detected battery . The method and device provided by the present invention test the actual capacity of the detected battery based on the short-term discharge of the voltage change rate; firstly, the internal resistance is measured, and the internal resistance is determined by using the relationship between the capacity of the detected battery and the change of the terminal voltage; Then conduct the discharge test, by discharging the tested battery with a constant current for 5 to 20 minutes for a short time; finally, measure the capacity, and estimate the capacity of the tested battery according to the voltage change rate of the terminal voltage of the tested battery; this method fully considers the tested battery. Detect the influence of the internal resistance and temperature of the battery on the actual capacity, compensate the capacity of the tested battery according to the internal resistance measured by the four-wire AC test method and the on-site temperature of the tested battery, and then evaluate the health status of the tested battery . The method and device provided by the present invention have a short test time, do not need to discharge all the power of the battery to be tested, reduce the waste of energy, and comprehensively consider the relationship between capacity, temperature and internal resistance, and the capacity test is accurate. The health status evaluation is reasonable.
附图说明Description of drawings
为了更清楚地说明本发明实施例或现有技术中的技术方案，下面将对实施例中所需要使用的附图作简单地介绍，显而易见地，下面描述中的附图仅仅是本发明的一些实施例，对于本领域普通技术人员来讲，在不付出创造性劳动的前提下，还可以根据这些附图获得其他的附图。In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention or the prior art, the following will briefly introduce the accompanying drawings required in the embodiments. Obviously, the accompanying drawings in the following description are only some of the present invention. Embodiments, for those of ordinary skill in the art, other drawings can also be obtained based on these drawings without any creative effort.
图1为本发明实施例提供的配电终端电池寿命检测方法的流程图；FIG. 1 is a flowchart of a method for detecting battery life of a power distribution terminal provided by an embodiment of the present invention;
图2为图1中步骤S2的流程图；Fig. 2 is the flowchart of step S2 in Fig. 1;
图3为本发明实施例提供的配电终端电池寿命检测装置的结构示意图；FIG. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of a battery life detection device for a power distribution terminal provided by an embodiment of the present invention;
图4为本发明实施例提供的配电终端电池寿命检测装置的实施场景结构图。Fig. 4 is a structural diagram of an implementation scene of a device for detecting battery life of a power distribution terminal provided by an embodiment of the present invention.
具体实施方式detailed description
下面将结合本发明实施例中的附图，对本发明实施例中的技术方案进行清楚、完整的描述，显然，所描述的实施例仅仅是本发明一部分实施例，而不是全部的实施例。基于本发明中的实施例，本领域普通技术人员在没有作出创造性劳动前提下所获得的所有其他实施例，都属于本发明保护的范围。The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some, not all, embodiments of the present invention. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by persons of ordinary skill in the art without creative efforts fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
请参阅图1和图2，第一方面，根据本发明实施例提供的一种配电终端电池寿命检测方法，包括以下步骤：Please refer to FIG. 1 and FIG. 2. In the first aspect, a method for detecting battery life of a power distribution terminal according to an embodiment of the present invention includes the following steps:
S1、获取被检测电池两端的端电压，判断所述端电压是否大于所述被检测电池两端的最低电压；如果所述端电压小于所述最低电压，则对被检测电池进行充电处理，直到所述端电压大于所述最低电压；如果所述端电压大于所述最低电压，则检测所述被检测电池的内阻；S1. Obtain the terminal voltage at both ends of the detected battery, and determine whether the terminal voltage is greater than the minimum voltage at both ends of the detected battery; if the terminal voltage is less than the minimum voltage, charge the detected battery until the The terminal voltage is greater than the minimum voltage; if the terminal voltage is greater than the minimum voltage, the internal resistance of the detected battery is detected;
S2、当所述被检测电池的内阻检测完成时，则对所述被检测电池进行放电测试，得到短时放电曲线；包括：S2. When the internal resistance detection of the tested battery is completed, perform a discharge test on the tested battery to obtain a short-term discharge curve; including:
S21、获取检测装置的最大功率，所述被检测电池的额定容量和额定电压，得到所述被检测电池的放电电流；S21. Obtain the maximum power of the detection device, the rated capacity and rated voltage of the detected battery, and obtain the discharge current of the detected battery;
S22、当所述被检测电池的放电电流检测完成时，获取所述被检测电池的最小浮冲电压，根据所述端电压和所述最小浮冲电压，确定检测初始电压和检测初始时间；S22. When the detection of the discharge current of the detected battery is completed, obtain the minimum floating voltage of the detected battery, and determine an initial detection voltage and an initial detection time according to the terminal voltage and the minimum floating voltage;
S23、获取所述被检测电池的端电压降落值，对所述步骤S21中的放电电流持续放电5min，判断所述被检测电池的端电压降落值是否大于20mV，如果所述端电压降落值小于20mV，则对所述放电电流持续放电，如果所述端电压降落值大于20mV，则停止检测，得到检测结束时间和检测结束电压，并得到所述短时放电曲线；S23. Obtain the terminal voltage drop value of the detected battery, continuously discharge the discharge current in step S21 for 5 minutes, and judge whether the terminal voltage drop value of the detected battery is greater than 20mV, if the terminal voltage drop value is less than 20mV, then continue to discharge the discharge current, if the terminal voltage drop value is greater than 20mV, then stop the detection, obtain the detection end time and detection end voltage, and obtain the short-term discharge curve;
S3、根据所述短时放电曲线，得到放电曲线的斜率；S3. Obtain the slope of the discharge curve according to the short-time discharge curve;
S4、根据所述检测初始电压和所述检测结束电压，得到检测参考电压点；S4. Obtain a detection reference voltage point according to the detection initial voltage and the detection end voltage;
S5、获取所述被检测电池的标准放电曲线，根据所述检测参考电压点的电压，得到标准斜率；S5. Obtain a standard discharge curve of the detected battery, and obtain a standard slope according to the voltage at the detection reference voltage point;
S6、根据所述额定容量、所述放电曲线的斜率和所述标准斜率，并根据计算公式，得到被检测电池容量的估算值；S6. Obtain an estimated value of the detected battery capacity according to the rated capacity, the slope of the discharge curve, and the standard slope, and according to a calculation formula;
S7、根据所述被检测电池容量的估算值，对所述被检测电池进行内阻补偿处理，得到内阻补偿后的容量；S7. Perform internal resistance compensation processing on the detected battery according to the estimated value of the detected battery capacity, to obtain a capacity after internal resistance compensation;
S8、根据所述内阻补偿后的容量和所述被检测电池的实际温度，对所述被检测电池进行温度补偿处理，得到所述被检测电池的实际容量。S8. Perform temperature compensation processing on the detected battery according to the capacity after internal resistance compensation and the actual temperature of the detected battery to obtain the actual capacity of the detected battery.
具体地，在步骤S1中，获取被检测电池两端的端电压，判断所述端电压是否大于所述被检测电池两端的最低电压；如果所述端电压小于所述最低电压，则对被检测电池进行充电处理，直到所述端电压大于所述最低电压；如果所述端电压大于所述最低电压，则检测所述被检测电池的内阻；并采用四线制交流检测方法对被检测电池内阻进行测量。Specifically, in step S1, the terminal voltage at both ends of the detected battery is obtained, and it is judged whether the terminal voltage is greater than the minimum voltage at both ends of the detected battery; if the terminal voltage is less than the minimum voltage, the detected battery Carry out charging processing until the terminal voltage is greater than the minimum voltage; if the terminal voltage is greater than the minimum voltage, detect the internal resistance of the detected battery; and use a four-wire AC detection method to detect the internal resistance of the detected battery resistance to measure.
本发明实施例中，以被检测电池为蓄电池举例说明。本发明实施例所检测的蓄电池容量为10h率容量，测试的放电电流DisCur均为I10的倍数，记作DisCur＝mag×I10，其中，mag为放电倍率，mag可取0.1～0.9、1、2、3等；由于随着放电电流的增加，蓄电池的容量将减小，为此容量测试时还需根据放电电流进行折算，定义容量折算系数为kc，本发明实施例根据相关标准及资料，当mag＝0.1～0.9时，取kc＝1，当mag＝2时，取kc＝0.93，当mag＝3时，取kc＝0.89。In the embodiment of the present invention, the detected battery is used as an example for illustration. The battery capacity detected in the embodiment of the present invention is the 10h rate capacity, and the tested discharge current DisCur is a multiple of I 10 , recorded as DisCur=mag×I 10 , where mag is the discharge rate, and mag can be 0.1-0.9, 1, 2, 3, etc.; since the capacity of the storage battery will decrease with the increase of the discharge current, the capacity test needs to be converted according to the discharge current, and the capacity conversion coefficient is defined as k c , and the embodiment of the present invention is based on relevant standards and data , when mag=0.1-0.9, k c =1, when mag=2, k c =0.93, and when mag=3, k c =0.89.
在对蓄电池的寿命进行检测，即是要检测蓄电池的实际容量，根据其实际容量对蓄电池的寿命或健康状态进行评价。评价一个蓄电池的好坏就是看其实际容量与额定容量的差距，若实际测得的容量大于或者等于其额定容量则代表电池性能较好，若实际测得的容量远小于其额定容量，则蓄电池老化严重。评价时分为优、良、中、差等四个等级，用实际容量与额定容量的百分比作为最终评价的分数，若最终的评价分数低于60，即蓄电池的实际容量只有蓄电池额定容量的60％时，表明该被检测蓄电池已经老化了，为了确保现场设备的正常工作，应及时对该蓄电池进行更换。When detecting the life of the battery, it is necessary to detect the actual capacity of the battery, and evaluate the life or health status of the battery according to its actual capacity. To evaluate the quality of a battery is to look at the gap between its actual capacity and its rated capacity. If the actual measured capacity is greater than or equal to its rated capacity, it means that the performance of the battery is better. If the actual measured capacity is much smaller than its rated capacity, the battery Aging badly. The evaluation is divided into four grades: excellent, good, medium, and poor. The percentage of the actual capacity and the rated capacity is used as the final evaluation score. If the final evaluation score is lower than 60, the actual capacity of the battery is only 60% of the rated capacity of the battery. , it indicates that the detected battery has aged, and in order to ensure the normal operation of the field equipment, the battery should be replaced in time.
在对蓄电池的容量进行检测之前，要对蓄电池的内阻进行测量。在检测内阻时，要先判断蓄电池两端的端电压是否大于蓄电池的最低电压。Before testing the capacity of the battery, the internal resistance of the battery should be measured. When detecting internal resistance, it is first necessary to determine whether the terminal voltage at both ends of the battery is greater than the minimum voltage of the battery.
其中，已知当蓄电池的剩余容量低于50％时，蓄电池的内阻将会显著增大，考虑到蓄电池短时放电后估算的容量还需进行内阻的补偿，因此蓄电池内阻测试时限定蓄电池最低电压为0.5C对应的电压，并记作BatResVolmin，本发明实施例的蓄电池的最低电压按照下式进行等效计算：Among them, it is known that when the remaining capacity of the battery is lower than 50%, the internal resistance of the battery will increase significantly. Considering that the estimated capacity of the battery after short-term discharge needs to be compensated for the internal resistance, the battery internal resistance test is limited to The minimum voltage of the storage battery is the voltage corresponding to 0.5C, and is recorded as BatResVol min . The minimum voltage of the storage battery in the embodiment of the present invention is equivalently calculated according to the following formula:
BatResVolmin＝12.049×RatedVol/12(V)； BatResVolmin =12.049×RatedVol/12(V);
式中，BatRes表示蓄电池的最低电压，RatedVol表示蓄电池的额定电压。In the formula, BatRes Indicates the minimum voltage of the battery, and RatedVol indicates the rated voltage of the battery.
结合配电终端对工作电源的要求，蓄电池的额定电压可设置为12V、24V或48V等。Combined with the requirements of the power distribution terminal for the working power supply, the rated voltage of the battery can be set to 12V, 24V or 48V, etc.
如果蓄电池的端电压大于BatRes时，则开始内阻测量，整个测试过程持续5s；If the terminal voltage of the battery is greater than BatRes When , start the internal resistance measurement, and the whole test process lasts for 5s;
如果蓄电池的端电压小于BatRes时，则需对蓄电池进行充电处理，直到蓄电池的端电压大于BatRes时，再进行蓄电池的内阻测量，蓄电池的内阻值记作BatRes。If the terminal voltage of the battery is less than BatRes , the battery needs to be charged until the terminal voltage of the battery is greater than BatRes , then measure the internal resistance of the battery, and record the internal resistance of the battery as BatRes.
蓄电池的内阻测量完成后，置位ResMesFulfill_Flag，若蓄电池内阻测试过程中蓄电池接线断线，则ResMesFulfill_Flag置为0；且本次蓄电池内阻测试完成后，若蓄电池接线断线或者更换了蓄电池，ResMesFulfill_Flag均为0。After the internal resistance measurement of the battery is completed, set ResMesFulfill_Flag. If the battery connection is disconnected during the battery internal resistance test, ResMesFulfill_Flag is set to 0; and after the battery internal resistance test is completed, if the battery connection is disconnected or the battery is replaced, ResMesFulfill_Flag are all 0.
判断蓄电池内阻测量完成的标志ResMesFulfill_Flag是否为1，若ResMesFulfill_Flag为1则开始进行容量测试，否则一直等待ResMesFulfill_Flag为1时才可进行蓄电池容量的测量。Determine whether the flag ResMesFulfill_Flag of battery internal resistance measurement is 1. If ResMesFulfill_Flag is 1, the capacity test will be started; otherwise, the battery capacity can be measured only after ResMesFulfill_Flag is 1.
在步骤S2中，当所述被检测电池的内阻检测完成时，则对所述被检测电池进行放电测试，并得到短时放电曲线。In step S2, when the detection of the internal resistance of the tested battery is completed, a discharge test is performed on the tested battery, and a short-term discharge curve is obtained.
根据人机交互界面设定的蓄电池参数和蓄电池的当前端电压进行放电电流的计算，在计算放电电流时，还需综合考虑检测装置所能承受的最大功率Pmax，其具体计算步骤如下：Calculate the discharge current according to the battery parameters set in the human-computer interface and the current terminal voltage of the battery. When calculating the discharge current, it is also necessary to comprehensively consider the maximum power P max that the detection device can withstand. The specific calculation steps are as follows:
S21、获取检测装置的最大功率，所述被检测电池的额定容量和额定电压，得到所述被检测电池的放电电流；S21. Obtain the maximum power of the detection device, the rated capacity and rated voltage of the detected battery, and obtain the discharge current of the detected battery;
根据检测装置所能承受的最大功率Pmax、蓄电池的额定容量RatedCap与蓄电池的额定电压RatedVol，逐步计算mag，直至mag满足下式时停止；并根据所述放电倍率，得到所述被检测电池的放电电流。According to the maximum power P max that the detection device can withstand, the rated capacity RatedCap of the storage battery and the rated voltage RatedVol of the storage battery, calculate mag step by step until the mag satisfies the following formula and stop; and according to the discharge rate, obtain the detected battery Discharge current.
RatedVol×mag×RatedCap/10≤Pmax；RatedVol×mag×RatedCap/10≤P max ;
式中，RatedVol表示蓄电池的额定电压，RatedCap表示蓄电池的额定容量，Pmax表示检测装置的最大功率，mag表示放电倍率。In the formula, RatedVol represents the rated voltage of the battery, RatedCap represents the rated capacity of the battery, P max represents the maximum power of the detection device, and mag represents the discharge rate.
其中，当mag＜1时，mag按照步长0.1增加，当mag≥1时，按照步长1增加，且为了避免能量的浪费，mag最大值取3；Pmax取作100W。Wherein, when mag<1, mag is increased according to the step size of 0.1, and when mag≥1, is increased according to the step size of 1, and in order to avoid energy waste, the maximum value of mag is taken as 3; P max is taken as 100W.
蓄电池测试的浮冲电压最小值定义为FVolmin，若蓄电池开始放电时端电压高于浮冲电压，其端电压将迅速下降，此时蓄电池的电压变化率较大，给蓄电池短时放电测试带来了较大的干扰；因此，在计算蓄电池的放电电流时，要判断此时蓄电池的端电压与浮冲电压的关系。The minimum float voltage of the battery test is defined as FVol min . If the terminal voltage of the battery is higher than the float voltage when the battery starts to discharge, the terminal voltage will drop rapidly. At this time, the voltage change rate of the battery is relatively large. Therefore, when calculating the discharge current of the battery, it is necessary to judge the relationship between the terminal voltage of the battery and the float voltage at this time.
如果开始测试时的蓄电池的端电压大于FVolmin，由于测试时蓄电池低于FVolmin，容量测试更加准确，因此在满足最大功率的条件下，则采用较大的电流(mag≤3)进行放电；如果开始测试时的蓄电池电压小于等于FVolmin，在满足最大功率的条件下，则采用不超过2I10的电流放电，即mag＝3时，赋值mag＝2；If the terminal voltage of the battery at the beginning of the test is greater than FVol min , since the battery is lower than FVol min during the test, the capacity test is more accurate, so under the condition of meeting the maximum power, use a larger current (mag≤3) to discharge; If the battery voltage at the beginning of the test is less than or equal to FVol min , under the condition of meeting the maximum power, discharge with a current not exceeding 2I 10 , that is, when mag=3, assign mag=2;
根据逐步计算的mag值，按照下式计算放电电流。According to the mag value calculated step by step, the discharge current is calculated according to the following formula.
I＝mag×RatedCap/10；I=mag×RatedCap/10;
式中，I表示放电电流，RatedCap表示蓄电池的额定容量，mag表示放电倍率。In the formula, I represents the discharge current, RatedCap represents the rated capacity of the battery, and mag represents the discharge rate.
S22、当所述被检测电池的放电电流检测完成时，获取所述被检测电池的最小浮冲电压，根据所述端电压和所述最小浮冲电压，确定检测初始电压和检测初始时间；S22. When the detection of the discharge current of the detected battery is completed, obtain the minimum floating voltage of the detected battery, and determine an initial detection voltage and an initial detection time according to the terminal voltage and the minimum floating voltage;
当蓄电池的放电电流检测完成后，要确定电压测试的初始电压点，具体包括以下步骤：After the detection of the discharge current of the battery is completed, the initial voltage point of the voltage test should be determined, which specifically includes the following steps:
获取所述被检测电池的最小浮冲电压，判断所述端电压是否大于所述最小浮冲电压；Obtaining the minimum floating voltage of the detected battery, and judging whether the terminal voltage is greater than the minimum floating voltage;
如果所述端电压大于所述最小浮冲电压，则根据所述放电电流持续放电30s，当所述端电压的变化恒定时，再持续放电1.5min，当所述端电压小于所述最小浮冲电压时，记录所述检测初始电压和所述检测初始时间；If the terminal voltage is greater than the minimum float voltage, continue to discharge for 30s according to the discharge current. When the change of the terminal voltage is constant, continue to discharge for 1.5min. When the terminal voltage is less than the minimum float voltage, record the detection initial voltage and the detection initial time;
如果所述端电压小于所述最小浮冲电压，则根据所述放电电流持续放电30s，当所述端电压的变化恒定时，记录所述检测初始电压和所述检测初始时间。If the terminal voltage is less than the minimum floating voltage, continue to discharge for 30s according to the discharge current, and record the detection initial voltage and the detection initial time when the change of the terminal voltage is constant.
其中，当放电电流为I10时，容量正常是在1.5min内端电压将降落在2mV×RatedVol/12左右，当容量降至0.3C时，其端电压降落值将会大于6mV×RatedVol/12，且此时蓄电池内阻将显著提高，对于这种情况将使其端电压降至FVolmin时开始计算，避免造成较大的计算误差。为此，当电压降落值满足下式或者端电压小于FVolmin时即可确定测试起始电压点，否则一直放电直到满足上述条件，并将此时刻记作检测初始时间TimeStart，电压记作检测初始电压BatBaseVol，检测初始电压即为放电1.5min后电压变化趋于平稳后，可以开始检测时的电压，而并不是检测装置刚开始通电时的电压；其中，下式中若mag＜1，则mag为1处理；Among them, when the discharge current is I 10 , the normal capacity is that the terminal voltage will drop at about 2mV×RatedVol/12 within 1.5min, and when the capacity drops to 0.3C, the terminal voltage drop value will be greater than 6mV×RatedVol/12 , and the internal resistance of the battery will increase significantly at this time. In this case, the calculation will start when the terminal voltage drops to FVol min , so as to avoid large calculation errors. For this reason, when the voltage drop value satisfies the following formula or the terminal voltage is less than FVol min , the test start voltage point can be determined, otherwise, it will be discharged until the above conditions are met, and this moment will be recorded as the initial detection time Time Start , and the voltage will be recorded as the detection The initial voltage BatBaseVol, the initial detection voltage is the voltage when the voltage change tends to be stable after 1.5 minutes of discharge, and the voltage when the detection can be started, not the voltage when the detection device is just powered on; among them, if mag<1 in the following formula, then mag is 1 processing;
2mV×RatedVol/12×mag≤ΔU≤6mV×RatedVol/12×mag；2mV×RatedVol/12×mag≤ΔU≤6mV×RatedVol/12×mag;
式中，ΔU表示端电压降落值，RatedVol表示蓄电池的额定电压，mag表示放电倍率。In the formula, ΔU represents the terminal voltage drop value, RatedVol represents the rated voltage of the battery, and mag represents the discharge rate.
S23、获取所述被检测电池的端电压降落值，对所述步骤S21中的放电电流持续放电5min，判断所述被检测电池的端电压降落值是否大于20mV，如果所述端电压降落值小于20mV，则对所述放电电流持续放电，如果所述端电压降落值大于20mV，则停止检测，得到检测结束时间和检测结束电压，并得到短时放电曲线；S23. Obtain the terminal voltage drop value of the detected battery, continuously discharge the discharge current in step S21 for 5 minutes, and judge whether the terminal voltage drop value of the detected battery is greater than 20mV, if the terminal voltage drop value is less than 20mV, then continue to discharge the discharge current, if the terminal voltage drop value is greater than 20mV, stop the detection, obtain the detection end time and detection end voltage, and obtain the short-term discharge curve;
由于蓄电池的端电压大于最小浮冲电压时，蓄电池的放电曲线特性较难把握，开始测试时电压跌落较快，然后持续在一个电压点一段时间，甚至出现短暂的电压上升，这种现象将导致容量测试的失效。因此，需确定一个有效的检测初始电压点，并将其电压记作检测初始电压，其时刻记作检测初始时间，测试结束时刻的电压记作检测结束电压BatEndVol，测试结束时刻的时间记作检测结束时间TimeEnd。When the terminal voltage of the battery is greater than the minimum floating voltage, it is difficult to grasp the characteristics of the discharge curve of the battery. The voltage drops quickly at the beginning of the test, and then continues at a certain voltage point for a period of time, and even a short-term voltage rise occurs. This phenomenon will lead to Failure of capacity testing. Therefore, it is necessary to determine an effective detection initial voltage point, and its voltage is recorded as the detection initial voltage, its time is recorded as the detection initial time, the voltage at the end of the test is recorded as the detection end voltage BatEndVol, and the time at the end of the test is recorded as the detection End time Time End .
在步骤S3中，根据所述短时放电曲线，得到放电曲线的斜率；In step S3, according to the short-term discharge curve, the slope of the discharge curve is obtained;
所述放电曲线的斜率的计算公式为：The calculation formula of the slope of the discharge curve is:
Kt＝ΔU/(TimeEnd-TimeStart)；K t =ΔU/(Time End -Time Start );
式中，Kt表示放电曲线的斜率，ΔU表示端电压降落值，TimeStart表示检测初始时间，TimeEnd表示检测结束时间。In the formula, K t represents the slope of the discharge curve, ΔU represents the terminal voltage drop value, Time Start represents the initial detection time, and Time End represents the detection end time.
在步骤S4中，根据所述检测初始电压和所述检测结束电压，得到检测参考电压点；In step S4, a detection reference voltage point is obtained according to the detection initial voltage and the detection end voltage;
该检测参考电压点的电压值BatRefVol近似等效为(BatBaseVol+BatEndVol)/2，其中，BatBaseVol表示检测初始电压，BatEndVol表示检测结束电压。The voltage value BatRefVol of the detection reference voltage point is approximately equivalent to (BatBaseVol+BatEndVol)/2, wherein BatBaseVol represents the detection initial voltage, and BatEndVol represents the detection end voltage.
在步骤S5中，获取所述被检测电池的标准放电曲线，根据所述检测参考电压点的电压，得到标准斜率；In step S5, obtain the standard discharge curve of the detected battery, and obtain the standard slope according to the voltage at the detection reference voltage point;
本发明实施例提供的方法，通过采用电压变化率对蓄电池的容量进行估算，因此需要一个标准的电压变化率作为参考，本实施例中，采用蓄电池放电电流为I10，蓄电池额定电压为12V，容量为额定容量的标准放电曲线作为参考曲线。将蓄电池的检测参考电压点的电压带入到标准放电曲线中，得到一个标准斜率Kr，根据放电曲线的斜率和标准斜率估算蓄电池的容量，进行容量测试。The method provided in the embodiment of the present invention uses the voltage change rate to estimate the capacity of the storage battery, so a standard voltage change rate is required as a reference. In this embodiment, the discharge current of the storage battery is I 10 , and the rated voltage of the storage battery is 12V. The capacity is the standard discharge curve of the rated capacity as a reference curve. The voltage of the test reference voltage point of the battery is brought into the standard discharge curve to obtain a standard slope K r , and the capacity of the battery is estimated according to the slope of the discharge curve and the standard slope, and the capacity test is performed.
在步骤S6中，根据所述额定容量、所述放电曲线的斜率和所述标准斜率，并根据计算公式，得到被检测电池容量的估算值；In step S6, according to the rated capacity, the slope of the discharge curve and the standard slope, and according to the calculation formula, an estimated value of the detected battery capacity is obtained;
被检测蓄电池容量的估算值的计算公式为：The calculation formula for the estimated value of the detected battery capacity is:
Ct＝RatedCap×kr×mag×(RatedCap/12)/kt；C t = RatedCap×k r ×mag×(RatedCap/12)/k t ;
式中，RatedCap表示额定容量，kt表示放电曲线的斜率，kr表示标准斜率，mag表示放电倍率。In the formula, RatedCap represents the rated capacity, k t represents the slope of the discharge curve, k r represents the standard slope, and mag represents the discharge rate.
上式中若mag＝0.1～0.9时，mag可近似取为1处理。In the above formula, if mag=0.1～0.9, mag can be treated as 1 approximately.
在步骤S7中，根据所述被检测电池容量的估算值，对所述被检测电池进行内阻补偿处理，得到内阻补偿后的容量；In step S7, perform internal resistance compensation processing on the detected battery according to the estimated value of the detected battery capacity, to obtain a capacity after internal resistance compensation;
蓄电池容量估算之后，还应考虑内阻对蓄电池实际容量的影响，因此，本发明实施例提供的方法对内阻进行补偿。实际上，考虑内阻的影响后，蓄电池的放电曲线将整体向下平移，为了简化计算，要提高蓄电池的截止电压，内阻补偿的具体步骤如下：After the battery capacity is estimated, the influence of the internal resistance on the actual capacity of the battery should also be considered. Therefore, the method provided by the embodiment of the present invention compensates the internal resistance. In fact, after considering the influence of internal resistance, the discharge curve of the battery will shift downward as a whole. In order to simplify the calculation, the cut-off voltage of the battery should be increased. The specific steps of internal resistance compensation are as follows:
提高所述被检测电池的截止电压，并根据所述截止电压，得到与额定电压一致时的时间和额定电压降至10.5V所经过的时间，再根据所述被检测电池容量的估算值，对所述被检测电池进行内阻补偿处理，得到内阻补偿后的容量；Increase the cut-off voltage of the detected battery, and according to the cut-off voltage, obtain the time when the rated voltage is consistent with the rated voltage and the time for the rated voltage to drop to 10.5V, and then according to the estimated value of the detected battery capacity, the performing internal resistance compensation processing on the tested battery to obtain the capacity after internal resistance compensation;
蓄电池放电的截止电压定义为BatVolmin，根据相关标准及资料，本发明中对12V蓄电池设置截止电压为10.5V，其中，所述截止电压的计算公式为：The cut-off voltage of accumulator discharge is defined as BatVol min , according to relevant standards and data, the cut-off voltage is set to 10.5V for 12V storage battery in the present invention, and wherein, the calculation formula of described cut-off voltage is:
BatVolmin＝10.5×RatedVol/12+BatRes×RatedCap(V)；BatVol min = 10.5×RatedVol/12+BatRes×RatedCap(V);
式中，BatVolmin表示截止电压，RatedVol表示蓄电池的额定电压，BatRes表示蓄电池的内阻，RatedCap表示蓄电池的额定容量。In the formula, BatVol min represents the cut-off voltage, RatedVol represents the rated voltage of the battery, BatRes represents the internal resistance of the battery, and RatedCap represents the rated capacity of the battery.
根据补偿后的截止电压，将其处理为与标准放电曲线所描述的额定电压12V一致后，即可根据此截止电压得到一个时间Ttest，而标准放电曲线中电压降至10.5V所经过的时间为Ttest，则内阻补偿后的容量可按下式进行计算：According to the cut-off voltage after compensation, after processing it to be consistent with the rated voltage 12V described in the standard discharge curve, a time T test can be obtained according to the cut-off voltage, and the time elapsed for the voltage in the standard discharge curve to drop to 10.5V is T test , then the capacity after internal resistance compensation can be calculated according to the following formula:
Ctr＝Ct×Ttest/Tst；C tr =C t ×T test /T st ;
式中，Ctr表示所述内阻补偿后的容量，Ct表示所述被检测电池容量的估算值，Ttest表示补偿后的截止电压与额定电压一致时的时间，Tst表示额定电压降至10.5V所经过的时间。In the formula, C tr represents the capacity after internal resistance compensation, C t represents the estimated value of the detected battery capacity, T test represents the time when the cut-off voltage after compensation is consistent with the rated voltage, and T st represents the rated voltage drop to 10.5V elapsed time.
在步骤S8中，根据所述内阻补偿后的容量和所述被检测电池的实际温度，得到所述被检测电池的实际容量。In step S8, the actual capacity of the detected battery is obtained according to the capacity after internal resistance compensation and the actual temperature of the detected battery.
蓄电池的容量还应考虑温度对蓄电池实际容量的影响，考虑温度影响的蓄电池实际容量的计算式为：The capacity of the battery should also consider the influence of temperature on the actual capacity of the battery. The formula for calculating the actual capacity of the battery considering the influence of temperature is:
Ce＝Ctr/(1+K(T-25))；C e =C tr /(1+K(T-25));
式中，Ce表示所述蓄电池的实际容量，Ctr表示所述内阻补偿后的容量，T表示蓄电池的实际温度，单位为℃，K表示温度系数，K＝0.005～0.008/℃。In the formula, C e represents the actual capacity of the storage battery, C tr represents the capacity after internal resistance compensation, T represents the actual temperature of the storage battery in °C, and K represents the temperature coefficient, K=0.005-0.008/°C.
由以上技术方案可知，本发明实施例提供的配电终端电池寿命检测方法，包括以下步骤：获取被检测电池两端的端电压，判断端电压是否大于最低电压，并检测被检测电池的内阻；当内阻检测完成时，对被检测电池进行放电测试，得到短时放电曲线，进而得到放电曲线的斜率；根据检测初始电压和检测结束电压，得到检测参考电压点；并获取被检测电池的标准放电曲线，得到标准斜率；再根据容量计算公式，得到被检测电池容量的估算值；对所述被检测电池进行内阻补偿处理和温度补偿处理，得到被检测电池的实际容量。本发明提供的方法，基于电压变化率的短时放电测试被检测电池的实际容量；首先进行内阻测量，利用被检测电池的容量与端电压的变化间存在的关系，确定内阻；再进行放电测试，通过对被检测电池进行5～20min的恒流短时放电；最后进行容量测量，根据被检测电池端电压的电压变化率对被检测电池容量进行估算；该方法充分考虑了被检测电池的内阻和温度对实际容量的影响，根据四线制交流测试法测得的内阻与被检测电池的现场温度对被检测电池容量进行补偿，进而对被检测电池的健康状态进行评价。本发明提供的方法测试时间短，不需将被检测电池的电量全部放出，减少了能量的浪费，且综合考虑了容量、温度、内阻间的关系，容量测试准确，对被检测电池的健康状态评价合理。It can be seen from the above technical solutions that the battery life detection method of the power distribution terminal provided by the embodiment of the present invention includes the following steps: obtaining the terminal voltage at both ends of the detected battery, judging whether the terminal voltage is greater than the minimum voltage, and detecting the internal resistance of the detected battery; When the internal resistance detection is completed, conduct a discharge test on the detected battery to obtain a short-term discharge curve, and then obtain the slope of the discharge curve; obtain the detection reference voltage point according to the detection initial voltage and detection end voltage; and obtain the standard of the detected battery discharge curve to obtain the standard slope; then according to the capacity calculation formula, the estimated value of the capacity of the tested battery is obtained; the internal resistance compensation process and temperature compensation process are performed on the tested battery to obtain the actual capacity of the tested battery. The method provided by the present invention tests the actual capacity of the detected battery based on the short-term discharge of the voltage change rate; firstly, the internal resistance is measured, and the internal resistance is determined by using the relationship between the capacity of the detected battery and the change of the terminal voltage; and then In the discharge test, the tested battery is discharged with a constant current for 5 to 20 minutes for a short time; finally, the capacity is measured, and the capacity of the tested battery is estimated according to the voltage change rate of the tested battery terminal voltage; this method fully considers the tested battery. According to the influence of the internal resistance and temperature on the actual capacity, the capacity of the tested battery is compensated according to the internal resistance measured by the four-wire AC test method and the on-site temperature of the tested battery, and then the health status of the tested battery is evaluated. The method provided by the invention has a short test time, does not need to discharge all the power of the tested battery, reduces the waste of energy, and comprehensively considers the relationship between capacity, temperature and internal resistance, and the capacity test is accurate, which is beneficial to the health of the tested battery. The status rating is reasonable.
请参阅图3和图4，第二方面，本发明实施例提供了一种配电终端电池寿命检测装置，包括：主控制模块、电压检测电路、内阻检测电路、通信电路、交流电流输出电路、恒流放电电路和锂电池组，其中，Please refer to Figure 3 and Figure 4. In the second aspect, the embodiment of the present invention provides a battery life detection device for a power distribution terminal, including: a main control module, a voltage detection circuit, an internal resistance detection circuit, a communication circuit, and an AC current output circuit , a constant current discharge circuit and a lithium battery pack, wherein,
所述主控制模块的输出端分别与所述电压检测电路、所述内阻检测电路、所述通信电路、所述交流电流输出电路、所述恒流放电电路和所述锂电池组的输入端相连接；The output terminal of the main control module is respectively connected with the input terminal of the voltage detection circuit, the internal resistance detection circuit, the communication circuit, the AC current output circuit, the constant current discharge circuit and the lithium battery pack connected;
所述主控制模块的输入端分别与所述电压检测电路、所述内阻检测电路、所述通信电路、所述交流电流输出电路、所述恒流放电电路和所述锂电池组的输出端相连接；The input terminal of the main control module is respectively connected with the output terminal of the voltage detection circuit, the internal resistance detection circuit, the communication circuit, the AC current output circuit, the constant current discharge circuit and the lithium battery pack connected;
所述交流电流输出电路包括功率模块和发送指令模块；The AC current output circuit includes a power module and a sending instruction module;
所述发送指令模块用于发送请求输出交流电流的控制指令；The sending instruction module is used to send a control instruction requesting to output AC current;
所述功率模块用于输出所述交流电流；The power module is used to output the AC current;
所述主控制模块用于接收所述控制指令，并控制所述交流电流输出电路内的所述功率模块输出所述交流电流；The main control module is used to receive the control instruction, and control the power module in the AC current output circuit to output the AC current;
所述电压检测电路用于实时检测被检测电池两端的直流电压；The voltage detection circuit is used to detect the DC voltage at both ends of the detected battery in real time;
所述内阻检测电路用于实时检测所述被检测电池两端的交流电压，并根据所述交流电流，得到被检测电池的内阻；The internal resistance detection circuit is used to detect the AC voltage at both ends of the detected battery in real time, and obtain the internal resistance of the detected battery according to the AC current;
所述恒流放电电路用于控制所述被检测电池进行恒流放电，进行放电测试；The constant current discharge circuit is used to control the tested battery to perform constant current discharge and conduct discharge test;
所述通信电路用于输出检测数据，所述检测数据包括：所述直流电压、所述交流电压、所述交流电流和所述内阻；The communication circuit is used to output detection data, and the detection data includes: the DC voltage, the AC voltage, the AC current and the internal resistance;
所述锂电池组用于提供电能。The lithium battery pack is used to provide electric energy.
具体地，主控制模块与该装置内的其他模块、电路均双向连接，以实现检测数据与相应的模块、电路进行双向通信；主控制模块是配电终端电池寿命检测装置的核心，其控制着其他各模块、电路的工作状态；该主控制模块还设置有通信接口，用于检测被检测电池时测试的数据的导出。Specifically, the main control module is bidirectionally connected with other modules and circuits in the device to realize two-way communication between detection data and corresponding modules and circuits; the main control module is the core of the battery life detection device for power distribution terminals, which controls The working status of other modules and circuits; the main control module is also provided with a communication interface, which is used for exporting test data when testing the tested battery.
通信电路内设置有1路网口和2路串口，可与主控制模块的通信接口相接通，以实现对被检测电池的检测数据的输出；通信电路还可用于操作人员通过上位机对该装置进行相关参数的设置。There are 1 network port and 2 serial ports in the communication circuit, which can be connected with the communication interface of the main control module to realize the output of the detection data of the tested battery; the communication circuit can also be used by the operator to control the The device sets related parameters.
电压检测电路主要用于在对被检测电池进行容量测试时，对被检测电池两端直流电压的实时监测。The voltage detection circuit is mainly used for real-time monitoring of the DC voltage at both ends of the tested battery when the capacity test is performed on the tested battery.
内阻检测电路主要采样四线制交流检测法对被检测电池的内阻进行测量，通过在被检测电池上加上一个交流电流信号的方式，然后测量被检测电池两端的交流电压，并根据测试数据计算出被检测电池的内阻。The internal resistance detection circuit mainly samples the four-wire AC detection method to measure the internal resistance of the tested battery, by adding an AC current signal to the tested battery, and then measuring the AC voltage at both ends of the tested battery, and according to the test The internal resistance of the tested battery is calculated from the data.
在进行内阻检测时，要先判断被检测电池的端电压是否大于被检测电池的最低电压，只有当端电压是否大于最低电压时，才能进行被检测电池的容量检测。When performing internal resistance detection, it is first necessary to determine whether the terminal voltage of the tested battery is greater than the minimum voltage of the tested battery. Only when the terminal voltage is greater than the minimum voltage can the capacity detection of the tested battery be performed.
交流电流输出电路内设置有功率模块和发送指令模块，用于输出交流电流，进行放电测试。The AC current output circuit is provided with a power module and a sending instruction module for outputting AC current and performing a discharge test.
交流电流输出电路主要通过检测前对电流幅值、相位和频率进行设置，并通过发送指令模块向主控制模块发送指令，由主控制模块驱动功率模块完成交流电流的输出。The AC current output circuit mainly sets the current amplitude, phase and frequency before detection, and sends commands to the main control module through the sending command module, and the main control module drives the power module to complete the output of AC current.
恒流放电电路主要用于在对被检测电池进行容量计算时，保证被检测电池的恒流放电；根据检测前对被检测电池设定的参数与被检测电池放电测试前的状态确定放电电流的大小，并根据此恒定电流进行放电测试。该恒流放电电路主要通过控制MOS管的驱动电压使其工作在饱和区，即恒流区，从而实现恒流放电。The constant current discharge circuit is mainly used to ensure the constant current discharge of the tested battery when calculating the capacity of the tested battery; determine the discharge current according to the parameters set for the tested battery before the test and the state of the tested battery before the discharge test size, and conduct a discharge test based on this constant current. The constant current discharge circuit mainly realizes constant current discharge by controlling the driving voltage of the MOS tube to make it work in the saturation region, that is, the constant current region.
锂电池组主要提供电能，作为检测现场被检测电池寿命检测工作的电源。The lithium battery pack mainly provides electric energy, which is used as the power source for the life detection work of the tested battery at the detection site.
优选地，该检测装置还包括人机交互模块，所述人机交互模块包括显示单元和输入单元；所述显示单元和所述输入单元分别与所述主控制模块相连接；所述显示单元用于显示所述检测数据；所述输入单元用于设定相应工作参数。Preferably, the detection device also includes a human-computer interaction module, the human-computer interaction module includes a display unit and an input unit; the display unit and the input unit are respectively connected to the main control module; for displaying the detected data; the input unit is used for setting corresponding working parameters.
具体地，人机交互模块由显示单元和输入单元组成，显示单元为LCD液晶显示器，其通过总线与主控制模块相连接，被检测电池的检测数据均通过显示单元进行显示；输入单元可为键盘，用于输入检测装置的相关参数并进行设定，包括被检测电池参数和通信参数。Specifically, the human-computer interaction module is composed of a display unit and an input unit. The display unit is an LCD liquid crystal display, which is connected to the main control module through a bus, and the detection data of the detected battery is displayed through the display unit; the input unit can be a keyboard , used to input and set relevant parameters of the detection device, including the detected battery parameters and communication parameters.
优选地，该检测装置还包括锂电池充放电管理电路，所述锂电池充放电管理电路设置于所述锂电池组和所述主控制模块之间，所述锂电池充放电管理电路分别与所述锂电池组和所述主控制模块相连接；所述锂电池充放电管理电路用于控制所述锂电池组的充电和放电。Preferably, the detection device further includes a lithium battery charge and discharge management circuit, the lithium battery charge and discharge management circuit is arranged between the lithium battery pack and the main control module, and the lithium battery charge and discharge management circuit is respectively connected to the The lithium battery pack is connected to the main control module; the lithium battery charge and discharge management circuit is used to control the charging and discharging of the lithium battery pack.
具体地，锂电池充放电管理电路主要用于控制锂电池组的充电与放电，根据锂电池工作电流与电压对电池剩余电量进行估算，并通过显示单元即刻实时显示剩余电量。Specifically, the lithium battery charging and discharging management circuit is mainly used to control the charging and discharging of the lithium battery pack, estimate the remaining battery power according to the working current and voltage of the lithium battery, and display the remaining power in real time through the display unit.
本发明实施例提供的配电终端电池寿命检测装置，其各结构组成的工作过程，每一结构实现的功能，均可相应参照本发明实施例第一方面提供的配电终端电池寿命检测方法的流程步骤，此处不再赘述。For the battery life detection device of power distribution terminal provided in the embodiment of the present invention, the working process of each structure and the function realized by each structure can refer to the method for detecting battery life of power distribution terminal provided in the first aspect of the embodiment of the present invention. The process steps are not repeated here.
由以上技术方案可知，本发明实施例提供了一种配电终端电池寿命检测方法及装置，所述方法包括以下步骤：获取被检测电池两端的端电压，判断端电压是否大于最低电压，并检测被检测电池的内阻；当内阻检测完成时，对被检测电池进行放电测试，得到短时放电曲线，进而得到放电曲线的斜率；根据检测初始电压和检测结束电压，得到检测参考电压点；并获取被检测电池的标准放电曲线，得到标准斜率；再根据容量计算公式，得到被检测电池容量的估算值；对所述被检测电池进行内阻补偿处理和温度补偿处理，得到被检测电池的实际容量。本发明提供的方法及装置，基于电压变化率的短时放电测试被检测电池的实际容量；首先进行内阻测量，利用被检测电池的容量与端电压的变化间存在的关系，确定内阻；再进行放电测试，通过对被检测电池进行5～20min的恒流短时放电；最后进行容量测量，根据被检测电池端电压的电压变化率对被检测电池容量进行估算；该方法充分考虑了被检测电池的内阻和温度对实际容量的影响，根据四线制交流测试法测得的内阻与被检测电池的现场温度对被检测电池容量进行补偿，进而对被检测电池的健康状态进行评价。本发明提供的方法及装置测试时间短，不需将被检测电池的电量全部放出，减少了能量的浪费，且综合考虑了容量、温度、内阻间的关系，容量测试准确，对被检测电池的健康状态评价合理。It can be seen from the above technical solutions that the embodiments of the present invention provide a method and device for detecting battery life in a power distribution terminal. The method includes the following steps: obtaining the terminal voltage at both ends of the battery to be detected, judging whether the terminal voltage is greater than the minimum voltage, and detecting The internal resistance of the detected battery; when the internal resistance detection is completed, discharge the tested battery to obtain a short-term discharge curve, and then obtain the slope of the discharge curve; obtain the detection reference voltage point according to the detection initial voltage and detection end voltage; And obtain the standard discharge curve of the tested battery to obtain the standard slope; then obtain the estimated value of the capacity of the tested battery according to the capacity calculation formula; perform internal resistance compensation processing and temperature compensation processing on the detected battery to obtain the tested battery. Actual capacity. The method and device provided by the present invention test the actual capacity of the detected battery based on the short-term discharge of the voltage change rate; firstly, the internal resistance is measured, and the internal resistance is determined by using the relationship between the capacity of the detected battery and the change of the terminal voltage; Then conduct the discharge test, by discharging the tested battery with a constant current for 5 to 20 minutes for a short time; finally, measure the capacity, and estimate the capacity of the tested battery according to the voltage change rate of the terminal voltage of the tested battery; this method fully considers the tested battery. Detect the influence of the internal resistance and temperature of the battery on the actual capacity, compensate the capacity of the tested battery according to the internal resistance measured by the four-wire AC test method and the on-site temperature of the tested battery, and then evaluate the health status of the tested battery . The method and device provided by the present invention have a short test time, do not need to discharge all the power of the battery to be tested, reduce the waste of energy, and comprehensively consider the relationship between capacity, temperature and internal resistance, and the capacity test is accurate. The health status evaluation is reasonable.
本领域技术人员在考虑说明书及实践这里公开的发明后，将容易想到本发明的其它实施方案。本申请旨在涵盖本发明的任何变型、用途或者适应性变化，这些变型、用途或者适应性变化遵循本发明的一般性原理并包括本发明未公开的本技术领域中的公知常识或惯用技术手段。说明书和实施例仅被视为示例性的，本发明的真正范围和精神由下面的权利要求指出。Other embodiments of the invention will be readily apparent to those skilled in the art from consideration of the specification and practice of the invention disclosed herein. This application is intended to cover any modification, use or adaptation of the present invention, these modifications, uses or adaptations follow the general principles of the present invention and include common knowledge or conventional technical means in the technical field not disclosed in the present invention . The specification and examples are to be considered exemplary only, with a true scope and spirit of the invention being indicated by the following claims.
应当理解的是，本发明并不局限于上面已经描述并在附图中示出的精确结构，并且可以在不脱离其范围进行各种修改和改变。本发明的范围仅由所附的权利要求来限制。It should be understood that the present invention is not limited to the precise constructions which have been described above and shown in the accompanying drawings, and various modifications and changes may be made without departing from the scope thereof. The scope of the invention is limited only by the appended claims.
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| WO2021123468A1 (en) * | 2019-12-18 | 2021-06-24 | Parres Garcia Luis Arturo | Method and system for calculating the energy available in an electric battery at any moment during the life thereof, without discharging same, and the autonomy, capacity and remaining life thereof |
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| CN111366866B (en) * | 2020-04-22 | 2023-09-01 | 珠海新金珠电力设备有限公司 | Monitoring device for measuring service life cycle of storage battery and calculating method |
| CN111665452A (en) * | 2020-06-30 | 2020-09-15 | 东风商用车有限公司 | Lithium ion storage battery monomer service life detection model |
| WO2022007711A1 (en) * | 2020-07-10 | 2022-01-13 | 深圳市道通科技股份有限公司 | Method for detecting storage battery of vehicle and battery detection device |
| CN114062952A (en) * | 2020-08-07 | 2022-02-18 | 泰星能源解决方案有限公司 | Insulation inspection method for secondary battery |
| CN114062952B (en) * | 2020-08-07 | 2023-08-04 | 泰星能源解决方案有限公司 | Insulation inspection method for secondary battery |
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| CN112731155B (en) * | 2020-12-08 | 2022-02-22 | 浙江南都电源动力股份有限公司 | Method for judging charge-discharge state of lithium iron phosphate battery |
| CN113109718A (en) * | 2021-04-12 | 2021-07-13 | 北京安普路安全技术有限公司 | Battery life detection method, battery, electronic equipment and storage medium |
| CN117192383A (en) * | 2023-11-06 | 2023-12-08 | 宁德时代新能源科技股份有限公司 | Method, device, equipment and medium for determining service life of battery |
| CN117192383B (en) * | 2023-11-06 | 2024-03-26 | 宁德时代新能源科技股份有限公司 | Method, device, equipment and medium for determining service life of battery |
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Inventor after: Yang Jiaquan Inventor after: Bao Xiaofeng Inventor after: Guo Wei Inventor after: Wang Qiuwen Inventor after: Li Bangyuan Inventor after: Feng Yong Inventor after: Wang Kelong Inventor after: Yang Juan Inventor after: Fan Zhijie Inventor after: Li Wei Inventor after: Ling Wanshui Inventor after: Wen Yanjun Inventor after: Guo Guangmeng Inventor before: Yang Jiaquan Inventor before: Feng Yong Inventor before: Wang Kelong Inventor before: Yang Juan Inventor before: Fan Zhijie Inventor before: Li Wei Inventor before: Ling Wanshui Inventor before: Wen Yanjun Inventor before: Guo Guangmeng |
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Effective date of registration: 20191118 Address after: Yunda economic and Technological Development Zone in Yunnan province Kunming city 650217 West Road No. 105 Applicant after: ELECTRIC POWER RESEARCH INSTITUTE, YUNNAN POWER GRID Co.,Ltd. Applicant after: YUXI POWER SUPPLY BUREAU OF YUNNAN POWER GRID Co.,Ltd. Address before: Yunda economic and Technological Development Zone in Yunnan province Kunming city 650217 West Road No. 105 Applicant before: ELECTRIC POWER RESEARCH INSTITUTE, YUNNAN POWER GRID Co.,Ltd. Applicant before: YUXI POWER SUPPLY BUREAU OF YUNNAN POWER GRID Co.,Ltd. Applicant before: SHANGHAI WISCOM SUNEST ELECTRIC POWER TECHNOLOGY Co.,Ltd. |
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