CN106643930B - A kind of improved ultrasonic flowmeter - Google Patents
A kind of improved ultrasonic flowmeter Download PDFInfo
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- CN106643930B CN106643930B CN201510486751.3A CN201510486751A CN106643930B CN 106643930 B CN106643930 B CN 106643930B CN 201510486751 A CN201510486751 A CN 201510486751A CN 106643930 B CN106643930 B CN 106643930B
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Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of improved ultrasonic flowmeters, it include: three pairs of ultrasonic receiving devices circumferentially around gas pipeline, one pair of them ultrasonic receiving device is formed by ultrasonic wave propagation path and intersects with the center line of gas pipeline, remaining two pairs of ultrasonic receiving device is formed by ultrasonic wave propagation path and is parallel to each other, and is symmetrically distributed in the two sides of gas pipeline center line；For handling the control unit of ultrasonic receiving device acquisition information, which is comprised the following modules: sampling module, for choosing two sampled points in the echo-signal of ultrasonic wave；Time module calculates the intersection point moment T of two sampled point lines Yu reference level line3；Computing module calculates the transmission time of ultrasonic wave, and gas flow is calculated using transmission time.Ultrasonic flowmeter disclosed by the invention can carry out precise measurement to gas flow, monitor in real time to gas pipeline network state, timely respond to extremely to transmission & distribution.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to measuring instrument technical fields, and in particular to a kind of improved ultrasonic flowmeter.
Background technique
Since attention rate of the people to environment is higher and higher, natural gas has obtained more next as the green energy resource of clean and environmental protection
More extensive concern and application, Gas Industry will be all rapidly developed within the following some time.In order to adapt to natural gas
The growth requirement of industry, especially gas company are to the growth requirement of gas metering and pipe network transmission & distribution management, in information-based skill
Under the development of art, accurate, the operation is stable is measured, and the intelligent flow meter systems with remote management capability initially enter day
In right gas metering and transmission & distribution management.
Currently, domestic application is mainly Roots's table and turbine table in the flowmeter of gas metering and transmission & distribution management, this two
Kind measuring instrument belongs to mechanical measuring instrument, it is difficult to the intrinsic weakness of mechanical instrument is got rid of, for example, to the matter of natural gas
Amount requires high, is easy to block, and maintenance is frequently and maintenance cost is higher, while with the increase of natural gas transportation line portals diameter, and two
Volume, weight and the price of kind mechanical measuring instrument can significantly rise, these weakness seriously constrain gas metering and
The direction of the management of pipe network transmission & distribution towards " accurate, stable, intelligent, efficient " is developed.
, there is ultrasonic flowmeter in the prior art in the shortcomings that in order to overcome mechanical measuring instrument, utilizes ultrasonic wave
Signal carries out the detection of gas flow, such as the patent of invention document that Authorization Notice No. is CN102914334B discloses a kind of insert
Enter formula ultrasonic gas flowmeter, the energy converter fixed frame being inserted under test gas pipeline when including using is fixed in energy converter
Be installed on frame for measure fair current time of the ultrasonic wave under test gas when downstream propagation and adverse current propagate when adverse current when
Between ultrasonic transducer group, further include using when be arranged in the corresponding with the ultrasonic transducer group of under test gas pipeline
Pipeline section at and be connected and supply the quiet fast container of the under test gas free diffusing in the pipeline section with the pipeline section, in quiet fast container
Upper arrangement in quiet fast pipe for measuring the ultrasonic transducer of ultrasonic propagation velocity.
But in the patent of invention document, quiet speed pipe needs to be inserted into gas piping the measurement for carrying out gas flow, quiet speed
Pipe itself, which can flow gas, to be caused to disturb, so as to cause the error of flow measurement.
In order to meet the growth requirement of gas metering and pipe network transmission & distribution management, it is desirable to provide a kind of intelligentized ultrasonic wave
Flowmeter, to realize the precise measurement to gas discharge.
Summary of the invention
The present invention provides a kind of improved ultrasonic flowmeters, precise measurement can be carried out to gas flow, to gas
Pipe network state is monitored in real time, is timely responded to extremely to transmission & distribution, and the transmission & distribution management of natural gas is particularly suitable for.
A kind of improved ultrasonic flowmeter, the ultrasonic flowmeter include:
Around the three pairs of ultrasonic receiving devices of gas pipeline circumferentially, one pair of them ultrasonic receiving device is formed by
Ultrasonic wave propagation path intersects with the center line of gas pipeline, remaining two pairs of ultrasonic receiving device is formed by ultrasonic wave propagation
Path is parallel to each other, and is symmetrically distributed in the two sides of gas pipeline center line；
For handling the control unit of ultrasonic receiving device acquisition information, which is comprised the following modules:
Sampling module, for choosing two sampled points in the sampled data of the echo-signal of ultrasonic wave；
Time module calculates the intersection point moment T of two sampled point lines Yu reference level line3；
Computing module utilizes formula t=T3-T0- nT calculates the transmission time of ultrasonic wave, and is calculated using transmission time
It is weighted and averaged to the corresponding initial gas flow of each echo-signal, and to each initial gas flow, it is flat to obtain gas weighting
Simultaneously gas flow is calculated in equal flow velocity accordingly, in formula, T0At the time of transmission for ultrasonic wave；T1For the initial time of echo-signal,
N is T1With T3Between echo-signal number of cycles, T be ultrasonic echo signal period.
A pair of of ultrasonic probe be formed by ultrasonic wave be it is a branch of, the present invention in using the central axes of the beam ultrasonic wave as phase
The ultrasonic wave propagation path answered.
In gas pipeline, circumferentially three pairs of ultrasonic receiving devices, each ultrasonic receiving device have in the present invention
It receives and the function of transmitting ultrasonic wave, it is very small to protrude into the part in gas pipeline for each ultrasonic receiving device in the present invention, no
Meeting forms interference to the flow regime of gas.
In order to accurately measure the propagation time of ultrasonic wave, and take into account the efficiency of measurement, it is preferable that each pair of ultrasonic transmission/reception dress
Setting and being formed by the angle of the center line of ultrasonic wave propagation path and gas pipeline is 30~60 degree.Two ultrasounds being parallel to each other
Propagation path is coplanar, and the propagation path of another pair ultrasonic wave and the plane only have an intersection point.
Every time when measurement gas flow, three pairs of ultrasonic receiving devices successively emit in turn and received ultrasonic signal, often
Corresponding one group of ultrasonic echo signal obtained to ultrasonic receiving device, every group of echo-signal be corresponding obtain a ultrasonic wave with
The reverse transmission time of the forward transmission time of gas symport and a ultrasonic wave and gas reverse transfer.
The ultrasonic wave transmitting of ultrasonic receiving device is controlled by control unit and is received, and ultrasonic receiving device is according to control
The instruction of unit processed, completes the selection in ultrasonic transmission/reception channel, and carries out the transmitting and reception of ultrasonic wave.Ultrasonic receiving device
Transmitting-receiving order can be set by preparatory program, can also be through subsequent artificial setting.
Using ultrasonic flowmeter to gas flow measure it is critical that Accurate Determining ultrasonic wave in gas
Then transmission time gradually decays since the echo-signal that ultrasonic probe, ultrasonic receiver receives usually grows from weak to strong, therefore,
Key at the time of receiving ultrasonic wave as determining transmission time is determined in echo-signal.Ultrasonic flow provided by the invention
Meter, can accurately and reliably obtain the transmission time of ultrasonic wave, to obtain accurate gas flow.
In echo-signal, due to the limitation of sample frequency, the intersection point moment of echo-signal and reference level line is difficult to standard
It really obtains, the present invention is using the intersection point of two sampled point lines and reference level line as the friendship of echo-signal and reference level line
Point moment, method is simple, and can guarantee necessary computational accuracy.
Preferably, the selection range of two sampled points are as follows: first positive amplitude is greater than V after triggering waveHH-VbAnd it is negative
It is greater than V to amplitudeb-VLLWave band failing edge；
In two sampled points, one of sample is in [VHL, VHH] in range, another sample is in [VLL, VLH]
In range；
VHL、VHH、VLL、VLHIt is determined according to sample frequency, determines principle are as follows: sampling necessarily has sample in selected every time
In the level range taken, and the number of sampling points fallen into selected level range is few as much as possible.
Under the premise of sample frequency determines, [VHL, VHH] and [VLL, VLH] range it is as small as possible.If [VHL, VHH] or
[VLL, VLH] in there are multiple sampled points met the requirements, select the sampled point near range median.
Preferably, automatically adjusting increasing if can not find the sampled point met the requirements in the sampled data of echo-signal
Benefit, to obtain the sampled point met the requirements.
In extreme circumstances, when such as ultrasonic probe damages, it is possible that adjusting gain anyway cannot all obtain
The case where sampled point that must be met the requirements, after attempting after a period of time, if adopting of meeting the requirements can not be obtained always
Whether sampling point can be normally carried out judgement to probe, if it is decided that probe is abnormal, then carries out abnormal log storage and alarm.
Selected [VHL, VHH] and [VLL, VLH] purpose be, when making the intersection point of two sampled point lines and reference level line
The intersection point moment that can approach echo-signal Yu reference level line is carved, under the premise of can reach the purpose, according to sampling frequency
Rate determines VHL、VHH、VLL、VLH。
VHHAnd VLLSelection mode are as follows: when gas flow reaches the ultrasonic flow rate measuring journey upper limit, using corresponding super
The maximum amplitude of sound wave subtracts certain allowance and obtains.
Ultrasonic flow provided by the invention is calculated as intelligent electronic device, measuring accuracy it is high (at least up to stem-winder phase
With precision), stabilization of equipment performance is good, maintenance cost is low, while being also integrated with fault self-diagnosis and Various types of data transporting function, make
Natural gas tube net state can be monitored in real time, remotely be managed gas transmission and distribution, to abnormality by obtaining gas company
It is timely responded to, gas company can be effectively improved to the information system management level of gas ductwork.
Detailed description of the invention
The schematic diagram that ultrasonic receiving device is arranged in the ultrasonic flowmeter of Fig. 1 a to realize the present invention；
Fig. 1 b is A in Fig. 1 a to schematic diagram；
Fig. 1 c is B in Fig. 1 b to schematic diagram；
Fig. 1 d is cuing open for the ultrasonic receiving device that ultrasonic wave propagation path passes through pipe centerline in ultrasonic flowmeter
View；
Fig. 2 is the structural schematic diagram of the improved ultrasonic flowmeter of the present invention；
Fig. 3 is the workflow schematic diagram of the improved ultrasonic flowmeter of the present invention；
Fig. 4 is the flow diagram of time measurement；
Fig. 5 is original echoed signals schematic diagram；
Fig. 6 is the portion the B enlarged drawing in Fig. 5.
Specific embodiment
With reference to the accompanying drawing, the improved ultrasonic flowmeter of the present invention is described in detail.
As shown in Fig. 1 a, 1b, 1c, the ultrasonic flowmeter that the present invention uses includes three pairs of ultrasonic probe (i.e. ultrasonic waves
R-T unit), respectively ultrasonic probe 11 and ultrasonic probe 12, ultrasonic probe 21 and ultrasonic probe 22, ultrasonic wave
Probe 31 and ultrasonic probe 32, the wherein ultrasonic wave propagation path and gas pipeline of ultrasonic probe 11 and ultrasonic probe 12
Center line intersection, the ultrasonic wave propagation path that remaining two pairs of ultrasonic probe is formed is parallel to each other, and is symmetrically distributed in gas
The two sides of pipe centerline, each pair of ultrasonic probe are formed by the angle of the center line of ultrasonic wave propagation path and gas pipeline
It is 60 degree, the distance of ultrasonic probe 21 and ultrasonic probe 31 is less than the diameter of under test gas flow conduit, and can be according to
According to being selected.
In Fig. 1 a, ultrasonic probe 32 and ultrasonic probe 22 are overlapped, and ultrasonic probe 31 and ultrasonic probe 21 are overlapped,
Ultrasonic probe 11 and ultrasonic probe 12 are omitted in Fig. 1 c.
It include bandpass filtering, programmable-gain and signal sampling three parts function electricity in each ultrasonic receiving device
The adjustment of ultrasonic echo signal is completed on road by sampling-adjustment-sampling cyclic process, obtains capable of being correctly validated
Ultrasonic echo.
Band-pass filtering function circuit by frequency-selecting function, guarantee ultrasonic echo signal it is lossless by while, can filter
Except the clutter in echo-signal, to guarantee that the programmable gain circuit of rear class can obtain purer ultrasonic echo signal.
In addition to ultrasonic receiving device, as shown in Fig. 2, ultrasonic flowmeter further include: control unit, power module, defeated
Enter module, data memory module, wireless communication module, display module, working condition acquiring module, output module.
Power module is used to provide power supply output to each power unit of ultrasonic flowmeter, and the input of power module is
The DC power supply of 4.5~16V wide-voltage range is powered to each power unit of ultrasonic flowmeter respectively using conversion circuit.Directly
Stream power input can use external power supply, can also be supplied by the battery inside ultrasonic flowmeter.
Ultrasonic flowmeter provided by the invention includes both of which, a kind of operating mode to measure when gas flow,
For another kind to stop low-power consumption mode when gasmetry, it is automatic between both of which that control unit controls ultrasonic flowmeter
Switching, automatic switching procedure can pass through program setting in advance, also can use input module manually input.
The controlled process that power module is powered to each power unit is in control unit, and control unit is according to ultrasonic flowmeter
Operating mode and low-power consumption mode difference, to power module send control signal, coordinate ultrasonic flowmeter with minimum
Power consumption is effectively run, that is, the power unit of work is needed to power, and the power unit without work stops power supply.
Control unit is the core of ultrasonic flowmeter data processing and each composition partial function control, using list
Piece machine (STM32 microprocessor) and FPGA complete the function of control unit jointly to be controlled when ultrasonic flowmeter works using FPGA
The ultrasonic signal of ultrasonic receiving device processed is received and dispatched and carries out time calculating, after FPGA calculates the time, acquisition
Time Transmission to single-chip microcontroller, single-chip microcontroller completes the calculating of flow according to the time.
Single-chip microcontroller carries out the calculating and volume amendment of gas flow in addition to the time inputted according to FPGA, is also counted
According to storage management, the information exchange of data and remaining equipment control, the function of controlling display module shows, the finger of input module
Enable input, the switching of mode, the acquisition of floor data and signal output.
Programmable-gain functional circuit in ultrasonic receiving device and led between control unit by SPI interface
Letter carries out amplitude adjustment to echo-signal according to the instruction of control unit, and sample circuit samples ultrasonic echo signal,
And give the data after sampling to control unit by SPI interface, control unit judges whether to need according to the sampling of sample circuit
Ultrasonic echo signal is adjusted.
Control unit is communicated by RS485 interface with host computer, when enabling an administrator to system through host computer
Between, the parameters such as mode, operational process parameter, volume correction chart be issued to control unit, can also be by querying command to control
Unit obtains the status informations such as current temperature, pressure, flow, the ultrasonic velocity of system, and suspend mode/call out can also be issued to system
Wake up etc. control commands realize system between operating mode and low-power consumption mode switching (system suspend mode corresponds to low-power consumption mode,
Wake up corresponding operating mode).
Data memory module includes ferroelectric memory and SPI flash storage two parts, is connect with control unit by SPI
Mouth is communicated, the storage for system parameter, various list items, system mode and continuous data.
Wireless communication module uses GPRS module, is communicated by UART interface with control unit, and in control unit
Control under the information exchange of equipment and pressure management area center is realized by public cordless communication network, complete continuous data
The reception of the control instruction at upload and pressure management area center.
Input module realizes contactless keypress function using Hall sensor, for inputting various instructions, for example, system
Sleeping/waking, menu control and information inquiry etc. functions.
Display module uses OLED module, is communicated by SPI interface with control unit, current for display system
The metrical informations such as temperature, pressure, flow, ultrasonic velocity, wherein flow includes present flow rate, integrated flow, timing flow, work
The multiple types such as condition flow, mark condition flow.
Output module is communicated by I/O mouthfuls of number and SPI interface with control unit, in the control of control unit
Under, export digital pulse signal and 4~20mA electric current ring signal, wherein digital pulse signal is with low and high level output abnormality
The status signals such as alarm, 4~20mA electric current ring signal characterize specific system mode by output quantization electric current.
Working condition acquiring module includes temperature collecting module and pressure acquisition module, and wherein temperature collecting module is connect by simulation
Mouth is communicated with control unit, and control unit is searched the temperature in data memory module according to the temperature data that sampling obtains and turned
Table is changed, can learn working site temperature to realize the amendment of the data such as gas flow.
Pressure acquisition module is communicated by analog interface with control unit, the pressure that control unit is obtained according to sampling
Pressure conversion table in data search data memory module can learn working site pressure to realize the data such as gas flow
Amendment.
The present invention is as follows using the principle of ultrasonic flow rate measurement amount gas flow:
The ultrasonic probe of the ultrasonic signal that the ultrasonic probe of air-flow upstream issues to airflow downstream receives ultrasonic wave
During signal, since gas flowing generates velocity component in the transmission direction of ultrasonic signal, ultrasonic wave can be accelerated to believe
Number transmission；The ultrasonic probe of the ultrasonic signal that the ultrasonic probe of airflow downstream issues to air-flow upstream receives ultrasonic wave
During signal, since gas flowing generates velocity component in the transmission direction of ultrasonic signal, ultrasonic wave letter can be slowed down
Number transmission, calculate gas stream using the difference of ultrasonic signal transmission time in along gas flow and inverse gas flow
Amount.
As shown in Figure 1, L is the linear distance of upstream and downstream ultrasonic probe in figure, D is pipe diameter, and θ is ultrasonic transmission
The angle in path and measurement tube hub line, V are the mean flow rate of gas, t1For ultrasonic wave forward transmission time, t2It is inverse for ultrasonic wave
To transmission time, then have:
It can be obtained by formula (I) and formula (II):
Due to flow=flow velocity * cross-sectional area, the expression formula by flow relocity calculation flow is as follows:
Wherein, C indicates the spread speed of ultrasonic wave；A indicates the cross-sectional area of measurement pipe.
By formula (IV) it can be seen that gas flow rate is not related with ultrasonic propagation velocity, it can thus be avoided due to temperature
The difference of the factors such as degree, pressure causes ultrasonic propagation velocity to change, and the measurement of gas flow is caused deviation occur.
When gas flows in the duct, due to the influence of the factors such as pipe friction, the flow on cross-section of pipeline exists
Difference, after directly needing to correct by the gas flow that formula (IV) obtains, can truly reaction gas practical stream
Amount, in order to improve the precision of metering, the present invention using three pairs totally six ultrasonic receiving devices multi-point flux is sampled, so
Gas flow is calculated by average weighted method afterwards, and gas flow is modified, with the gas stream of approaching to reality
Amount.
By calculating process it is found that measurement gas flow it is critical that it is accurate measurement ultrasonic wave transmission time, in order to protect
The accuracy of gas flow measurement is demonstrate,proved, therefore, the control unit in the present invention comprises the following modules:
Sampling module, for choosing two sampled points in the sampled data of the echo-signal of ultrasonic wave；
The selection range of two sampled points are as follows: first positive amplitude is greater than V after triggering waveHH-VbAnd negative sense amplitude is big
In Vb-VLLWave band failing edge；As shown in Figure 5, Figure 6；Vb in Fig. 5, Fig. 6 is benchmark level line, and reference level line is different
Be set to zero, for example, by using 1.645V level line as reference level line.
Part A in Fig. 5 is to trigger wave, i.e. first in echo-signal wave, as shown in Figure 5, Figure 6, in the present embodiment,
VHHValue range be second wave crest maximum amplitude 90%, VLLValue range be third trough maximum amplitude
90%, S1And S2Respectively two selected sampled points, S1And S2Line and reference level line the intersection point moment be T3, echo letter
It number is T with intersection point moment of reference level line2, with T3As T2Substitution value carry out the ultrasonic transmission time determination, n 2.
In two sampled points, one of sample is in [VHL, VHH] in range, another sample is in [VLL, VLH]
In range；
VHL、VHH、VLL、VLHIt is determined according to sample frequency, determines principle are as follows: sampling necessarily has sample in selected every time
In the level range taken, and the number of sampling points fallen into selected level range is few as much as possible.
Under the premise of sample frequency determines, [VHL, VHH] and [VLL, VLH] range it is as small as possible.If [VHL, VHH] or
[VLL, VLH] in there are multiple sampled points met the requirements, select the sampled point near range median.
Time module calculates the intersection point moment T of two sampled point lines Yu reference level line3；
Computing module utilizes formula t=T3-T0- nT calculates the transmission time of ultrasonic wave, and is calculated using transmission time
It is weighted and averaged to the corresponding initial gas flow velocity of each echo-signal, and to each initial gas flow velocity, it is flat to obtain gas weighting
Equal flow velocity simultaneously calculates gas flow accordingly, in formula, T0At the time of transmission for ultrasonic wave；T1For the initial time of echo-signal, n is
T1With T3Between echo-signal number of cycles, T be ultrasonic echo signal period.
When calculating the transmission time of ultrasonic wave, it is necessary first to be adjusted to the echo-signal of ultrasonic wave, make ultrasonic wave
Triggering wave (as shown in part A in Fig. 5, first wave of the ultrasonic echo signal) amplitude of echo-signal is greater than sampling triggering electricity
Flat VTH, ultrasonic wave starts to sample after issuing a period of time, if sample circuit issues a signal to ultrasonic receiving device and starts to send
The time span of ultrasonic wave is constant, is denoted as ts, ultrasonic receiving device receives echo-signal to sample circuit receive echo letter
Number time span be constant, be denoted as tr, then when calculating transmission time, need to deduct the two times, that is, t=T3-T0-
NT-ts- tr。
If can not find the sampled point met the requirements in the sampled data of echo-signal, gain is automatically adjusted, to obtain
The sampled point met the requirements.After received echo-signal passes through the adjustment of some cycles, it is still unable to get triggering wave, then is sentenced
Fixed corresponding ultrasonic receiving device is abnormal, and by the temporary close ultrasonic transmission/reception channel, (the opposite ultrasonic wave in two positions is received
Transmitting apparatus constitutes a ultrasonic transmission/reception channel), if the channel is repeatedly judged as exception, the channel will be permanently closed, if
Channel is closed, then carries out abnormal alarm, so that administrative staff are handled, due to using three pairs of totally six ultrasonic transmission/reception dresses
It sets, in addition to robustness with higher, the closing in any one channel will not significantly affect measuring accuracy.
As shown in figure 3, ultrasonic flowmeter provided by the invention is in use, first with control unit and power module
Completion system powering on and initializing, the power up of system are as follows: power module is first to can guarantee the normal work of control unit
The minimum system of work is powered on, after the minimum system of control unit works normally, control unit control power module to remaining
Power unit is powered on.
After system completion powers on, under the control of the control unit, communication and status is carried out to each functional module of system automatically
Detection, after the completion of detection, if system mode is normal, opening corresponding timing routine, (time of timing routine is set with effective
For the purpose of reducing system power dissipation, when the length of timing time has to be larger than needed for the primary complete measurement flow of system completion
Between) enter idle state, corresponding interrupt instruction is waited, if system mode is abnormal, under the control of the control unit, by exporting
Module exports digital pulse signal and 4~20mA electric current ring signal, carries out abnormal alarm.
For the equipment of external power supply, system in an idle state, can enter dormant state to reduce system power dissipation,
Dormant state can not be entered to guarantee the response speed of system；For battery powered low power consuming devices, the idle shape
State is the low power consumpting state of suspend mode, reduces system power dissipation in the case where guaranteeing measuring accuracy.
When needed, system manager can be corresponding to control unit publication by the host computer being connected with control unit
Instruction, is issued or is modified to system time, operating mode, operational process parameter, various amendment list items etc.；System manager
Can also be by host computer using status informations such as temperature, pressure, the flows of querying command acquisition system, it can also be by stopping
Dormancy/wake up instruction control system carries out the switching of working condition.
When exhausting a time-count cycle of timing routine, system can generate corresponding Interruption to open a metering
Process and a metering cycle, in each measurement flow, on the one hand control unit is believed according to the echo of ultrasonic receiving device
The calculating for number completing transmission time, on the other hand carries out AD sampling by temperature-measuring module and pressure measuring module, and inquire
Corresponding transformation table entries to be in data memory module to obtain the work informations such as working site temperature, pressure, then control unit root
Data processing is carried out according to parameters such as the time of acquisition, temperature and pressures, to complete the metering and amendment of gas flow；Had
After the continuous data of effect, the storage of data is completed as required, terminates this measurement flow.
In each measurement flow, control unit controls ultrasonic receiving device and carries out ultrasonic wave according to required order
Transmitting and reception, as shown in figure 4, firstly, control unit is complete according to that can be obtained in measurement flow with most fast speed
Effective time data needed for portion are principle, choose the transmitting that ultrasonic receiving device carries out ultrasonic wave, and corresponding ultrasonic wave is received
Transmitting apparatus carries out the reception of echo-signal, after echo signal reception, controls sampling circuit samples by control unit, and sampling
To echo-signal according to rule choose two sampled points, utilize the intersection point moment of two sampled point lines and reference level line
The transmission time of ultrasonic wave is calculated, ultrasonic receiving device informs control unit read access time data by interrupt signal, obtains
Once effectively time data and after recording data in memory module, this precise time measurement procedure terminates.
After the completion of each measurement flow, control unit is according to system Current Temperatures, pressure, gas flow and ultrasonic acoustic
The metrical informations such as speed, judgement are that no there are abnormal conditions for gas distributing system；If system mode is normal, working-flow enters
Next stage；Abnormal conditions if it exists then carry out abnormality mark storage, and can export digital pulse signal and 4- by output module
20mA electric current ring signal carries out abnormal alarm；Wherein, digital pulse signal is with the states letter such as low and high level transmission abnormality alarm
Number, 4-20mA electric current ring signal characterizes specific system mode by output quantization electric current can also for the equipment of external power supply
Long-range abnormal alarm is carried out with module by wireless communication.
If system uses external power supply, as needed, module and administrative center can establish in real time by wireless communication
Wireless communication connection, to complete the real-time upload of continuous data and system mode etc..
System in the process of running, can be by the suspend mode of the cooperation carry out system of input module and display module/call out
The functions such as awake, menu control, continuous data and state information searching.
When ultrasonic flowmeter is without gasmetry, system enters idle state.
Above embodiment is the preferable embodiment of the present invention, but embodiments of the present invention are not by the embodiment
Limitation, other any modifications made by without departing from the spirit and principles of the present invention substitution, combination, cut,
It should be equivalent substitute mode, be included within the scope of the present invention.
Claims (6)
1. a kind of improved ultrasonic flowmeter, which is characterized in that the ultrasonic flowmeter includes:
Around the three pairs of ultrasonic receiving devices of gas pipeline circumferentially, one pair of them ultrasonic receiving device is formed by ultrasound
Propagation path intersects with the center line of gas pipeline, remaining two pairs of ultrasonic receiving device is formed by ultrasonic wave propagation path
It is parallel to each other, and is symmetrically distributed in the two sides of gas pipeline center line；
For handling the control unit of ultrasonic receiving device acquisition information, which is comprised the following modules:
Sampling module, for choosing two sampled points in the sampled data of the echo-signal of ultrasonic wave；
The selection range of two sampled points are as follows: first positive amplitude is greater than V after triggering waveHH-VbAnd negative sense amplitude
Greater than Vb-VLLWave band failing edge；The VbFor benchmark level line；
In two sampled points, one of sample is in [VHL, VHH] in range, another sample is in [VLL, VLH] range
It is interior；
VHL、VHH、VLL、VLHIt is determined according to sample frequency, determines principle are as follows: sampling necessarily has sample in selected every time
In level range, and the number of sampling points fallen into selected level range is few as much as possible；
VHHAnd VLLSelection mode are as follows: when gas flow reaches the ultrasonic flow rate measuring journey upper limit, use corresponding ultrasonic wave
Maximum amplitude subtract certain allowance and obtain；
Time module calculates the intersection point moment T of two sampled point lines Yu reference level line3；
Computing module utilizes formula t=T3-T0- nT calculates the transmission time of ultrasonic wave, and is calculated respectively using transmission time
The corresponding initial gas flow of echo-signal, and each initial gas flow is weighted and averaged, obtain gas weighted average stream
Simultaneously gas flow is calculated in speed accordingly, in formula, T0At the time of transmission for ultrasonic wave；T1For the initial time of echo-signal, n is
T1With T3Between echo-signal number of cycles, T be ultrasonic echo signal period.
2. improved ultrasonic flowmeter as described in claim 1, which is characterized in that each pair of ultrasonic receiving device is formed
Ultrasonic wave propagation path and the angle of center line of gas pipeline be 30~60 degree.
3. improved ultrasonic flowmeter as claimed in claim 2, which is characterized in that two ultrasonic waves being parallel to each other are propagated
Path is coplanar, and the propagation path of another pair ultrasonic wave and the plane only have an intersection point.
4. improved ultrasonic flowmeter as described in claim 1, which is characterized in that under the premise of sample frequency determines,
[VHL, VHH] and [VLL, VLH] range it is as small as possible.
5. improved ultrasonic flowmeter as claimed in claim 4, which is characterized in that if [VHL, VHH] or [VLL, VLH] in deposit
In multiple sampled points met the requirements, the sampled point near range median is selected.
6. improved ultrasonic flowmeter as claimed in claim 5, which is characterized in that if in the sampled data of echo-signal
It can not find the sampled point met the requirements, then automatically adjust gain, to obtain the sampled point met the requirements.
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| CN112414483A (en) * | 2020-11-10 | 2021-02-26 | 宁波智复物联科技有限公司 | Self-adaptive method for acquiring metering signals of ultrasonic water meter |
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