CN106640154A - Treatment method and structure for water seepage of tunnel lining circular construction joint crack - Google Patents
Treatment method and structure for water seepage of tunnel lining circular construction joint crack Download PDFInfo
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- CN106640154A CN106640154A CN201710026109.6A CN201710026109A CN106640154A CN 106640154 A CN106640154 A CN 106640154A CN 201710026109 A CN201710026109 A CN 201710026109A CN 106640154 A CN106640154 A CN 106640154A
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21D—SHAFTS; TUNNELS; GALLERIES; LARGE UNDERGROUND CHAMBERS
- E21D11/00—Lining tunnels, galleries or other underground cavities, e.g. large underground chambers; Linings therefor; Making such linings in situ, e.g. by assembling
- E21D11/38—Waterproofing; Heat insulating; Soundproofing; Electric insulating
- E21D11/383—Waterproofing; Heat insulating; Soundproofing; Electric insulating by applying waterproof flexible sheets; Means for fixing the sheets to the tunnel or cavity wall
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21F—SAFETY DEVICES, TRANSPORT, FILLING-UP, RESCUE, VENTILATION, OR DRAINING IN OR OF MINES OR TUNNELS
- E21F16/00—Drainage
- E21F16/02—Drainage of tunnels
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
- Structural Engineering (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Geochemistry & Mineralogy (AREA)
- Geology (AREA)
- Architecture (AREA)
- Civil Engineering (AREA)
- Lining And Supports For Tunnels (AREA)
- Excavating Of Shafts Or Tunnels (AREA)
Abstract
The invention relates to a treatment method and structure for water seepage of a tunnel lining circular construction joint crack. The treatment method comprises the steps that a groove is cut along the crack of a circular construction joint of a secondary lining of a tunnel, a PVC drainage half-tube with the diameter being 50 cm is pre-buried, and seepage water is collected into an arch foot through the annular half-tube and then discharged into a gutter; after the drainage half-tube is fixed through a holding hoop, the groove wall is coated with an interface agent, and the groove opening is closed by means of polymer cement repair mortar; and after getting flat again, the surface of the lining is coated with a high-permeability cement-based crystal waterproof layer. In order to facilitate construction and control water seepage thoroughly, constructors need to consider chipping away the portions, 1 m away from the construction joint with the seepage water, of a cable duct side wall and the gutter during construction, and then restoring the portions after pre-burying the drainage tube, and the collected water in the circular PVC drainage half-tube is discharged into a cable duct and led out of the tunnel. By adoption of the treatment method and structure, the damage of seepage water of the crack of the circular construction joint of the secondary lining of the tunnel can be eradicated, operation is easy, and the safe use function and the service life of the tunnel are guaranteed.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to building field, specifically a kind of tunnel-liner circular construction joint crack infiltration Treatment Methods and knot
Structure.
Background technology
With the expanding day of highway in China transport development scale, China become in the world Tunnel Engineering quantity at most,
Total kilometrage is most long, condition is most complicated, the country that technology is with fastest developing speed.China's First railway tunnel is built in 1888, so far
Existing 128 years builds history.But while tunnel construction is scored achievements, the tunnel in some operations is due to service life
Be continuously increased, the facility of the adverse effect of geologic(al) factor and environment, and guarded drainage in addition it is aging so that part tunnel goes out
The annular crack and water leakage of now different degrees of infiltration and Lining cracks, wherein lining construction seam is the most serious, and disease occurs frequency
Rate is higher, accounts for more than 60%, the consequence severe patient for bringing can cause road surface slippery situation, freeze and Lining cracks, come off, bearing capacity not
The phenomenons such as foot.At present, most of lining construction seam crack pore gas flows are administered, and technology is immature, cures the symptoms, not the disease, effective sealing
Time limit is short, it is impossible to fundamentally effect a radical cure seepage problem.
In view of above-mentioned defect, the positive in addition research and innovation of the design people is applied to founding a kind of tunnel-liner ring
Work seam crack infiltration Treatment Methods and structure so as to more the value in industry.
The content of the invention
To solve above-mentioned technical problem, it is an object of the invention to provide a kind of definite effect, permanently effective, it is ensured that tunnel
Liner structure safety and the tunnel-liner circular construction joint crack infiltration Treatment Methods for being open to traffic safe and structure.
Seep water Treatment Methods in tunnel-liner circular construction joint crack of the present invention, including：
Circumferential groove is dug in the concrete surface of lining construction seam, ring installs PVC draining semicanals in groove, using polymerization
Thing cement mortar for reparation closes notch, and the notch of circumferential groove is floating；
High permeable strata base crystal waterproof layer is scratched in the notch surface of circumferential groove；
Wherein, the slot opening of the circumferential groove × a length of 6cm × 7.5cm, circumferential groove extends to arch springing position.
Further, also including cutting each 50cm scopes cable duct side wall and gutter before and after construction joint, and pour again
Build, pre-buried PVC pipes when pouring, enable current in the PVC draining semicanals buried in circular construction joint to enter gutter, draw
Outside hole.
Further, notch surface blade coating high permeable strata base crystal waterproof layer is specifically included：When first time waterproof layer is opened
Begin after hardening, brushing second layer waterproof layer, each THICKNESS CONTROL brushes 3～4 layers in 2mm or so.
Further, the painting border of notch surface blade coating high permeable strata base crystal waterproof layer cuts border more than notch
50cm。
Further, the step of basic unit's lining cutting surface to brushing is rinsed also is included.
Further, the PVC drainings semicanal is the PVC draining semicanals of a diameter of 50mm.
Further, the PVC drainings semicanal, the anchor ear made of 2mm thickness galvanized sheets is fixed in notch, described
Anchor ear makes of 2mm thickness galvanized sheets, circumferential distance 50cm.
Seep water treatment structures in tunnel-liner circular construction joint crack of the present invention, including：In the concrete table of lining construction seam
Face is provided with circumferential groove, slot opening × a length of 6cm × 7.5cm of the circumferential groove, and circumferential groove extends to arch springing position, in groove inner ring
To PVC draining semicanals are provided with, circumferential groove notch is provided with using Polymet-cement Mortar for Reparation closing notch sealing, notch surface
High permeable strata base crystal waterproof layer, the waterproof layer includes 3～4 layers, and each thickness is 1.5 to 2.5mm.
Further, PVC pipes are embedded with before and after construction joint in the range of each 50cm, the PVC rows buried in circular construction joint
Water semicanal is connected with PVC pipes.
Further, the PVC drainings semicanal, the anchor ear made of 2mm thickness galvanized sheets is fixed in notch, described
Anchor ear makes of 2mm thickness galvanized sheets, circumferential distance 50cm.
By such scheme, the present invention at least has advantages below：
The present invention is combined by the way that water seepage of tunnel is punished mode " block up, draw, arranging ", by lining cutting annular construction joint fluting
Device PVC semicanals are buried, and is fixed with anchor ear, lead-in cable ditch side wall and the pre-buried diameter 50mmPVC pipes of gutter, so
Current in the diameter 50mmPVC draining semicanals buried in circular construction joint are enable smoothly to enter gutter afterwards, notch is using poly-
Compound cement mortar for reparation is blocked, and surface is using the process of high permeable strata base crystal waterproof layer, it is ensured that lining cutting annular construction joint splits
The permanently effective sealing of seam water seepage treatment, eradicates pore gas flow, and eliminating the consequence severe patient for bringing that seeps water can cause road surface slippery situation, knot
Ice and Lining cracks, come off, the phenomenon such as Lack of support, it is ensured that the current safety of tunnel operation.
Described above is only the general introduction of technical solution of the present invention, in order to better understand the technological means of the present invention,
And can be practiced according to the content of specification, below with presently preferred embodiments of the present invention and coordinate accompanying drawing describe in detail as after.
Description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is that tunnel-liner circular construction joint crack infiltration punishment draining semicanal arranges figure；
Fig. 2 is annular construction joint punishment lateral arrangement figure；
Fig. 3 is cable duct, gutter infiltration punishment drawing；
Fig. 4 is anchor ear A master drawings；
1st, external coating original text infiltration cement base crystal waterproof layer；2nd, interfacial agents；3rd, Polymet-cement Mortar for Reparation closing；4、
PVC draining semicanals；5th, lining construction seam；6th, spilled water hole；7th, raggle；8th, galvanized sheet；9th, construction joint pipe laying.
Specific embodiment
With reference to the accompanying drawings and examples, the specific embodiment of the present invention is described in further detail.Hereinafter implement
Example is not limited to the scope of the present invention for illustrating the present invention.
As shown in figure 1, annular ring fluting is carried out to tunnel ring-shaped construction joint crack seepage part, notch size 6cm ×
To arch springing position, ring installs diameter 50mmPVC draining semicanals to 7.5cm in groove, with the anchor ear of 2mm thickness galvanized sheet making in notch
Interior to install fixed draining semicanal, anchor ear circumferential distance 50cm, and crater wall brushing interfacial agents, notch repairs sand using polymer cement
Slurry is floating.3～4 layers of blade coating high permeable strata base crystal waterproof layer in notch surface and both sides 50cm width ranges.Such as Fig. 2 institutes
Show, the tunnel ring-shaped construction joint diameter 50mmPVC drainings semicanal layout drawings of Fig. 2.As shown in figure 3, arch springing raggle buried depth diameter
50mmPVC pipes, semicanal is connected with pipe, and infiltration Jing cable duct bottom of trench notches (wide 6cm, deep 5cm) is let out by diameter 50mm
Water pipe, flows into gutter.As shown in figure 4, anchor ear makes of 2mm thickness galvanized sheets, circumferential distance 50cm, anchor ear is embraced using semicircle
Hoop diameter 51mm, two ends are anchored among lining concrete using diameter 5mm expansion bolts.
Embodiment 1
Seep water Treatment Methods in the present embodiment tunnel-liner circular construction joint crack, including：
Circumferential groove is dug in the concrete surface of lining construction seam, ring installs PVC draining semicanals in groove, using polymerization
Thing cement mortar for reparation closes notch, and the notch of circumferential groove is floating；
High permeable strata base crystal waterproof layer is scratched in the notch surface of circumferential groove；
Wherein, the slot opening of the circumferential groove × a length of 6cm × 7.5cm, circumferential groove extends to arch springing position.
In the present embodiment, circumferential groove is dug in the concrete surface of lining construction seam, notch size 6cm × 7.5cm is to arch
Placement of foot, ring installs diameter 50mmPVC draining semicanals in groove, and the anchor ear made of 2mm thickness galvanized sheets is installed in notch
Fixed draining semicanal, anchor ear circumferential distance 50cm, and it is floating with Polymet-cement Mortar for Reparation.Interface is smeared in cell wall both sides
Agent, using Polymet-cement Mortar for Reparation notch is closed, and should ensure that draining semicanal is smooth during closing.Notch surface scratches Thief zone
Cement base crystal waterproof layer, after first time waterproof layer starts hardening, brushing second layer waterproof layer, every layer of THICKNESS CONTROL is in 2mm
Left and right, brushes 3～4 layers；Applying border should cut border 50cm more than notch.Basic unit's lining cutting surface washing of brushing is clean, it is ensured that
High permeable strata base crystal waterproof layer is to whole annular printed regions infiltration stagnant water effect.
Embodiment 2
Seep water Treatment Methods in the present embodiment tunnel-liner circular construction joint crack, on the basis of embodiment 1, applies for convenience
Work is harnessed the river thoroughly, considers will there is cable duct side wall and gutter cutting in the range of common lm before and after the construction joint of percolating water in construction
Cut, again cast recovers after pre-buried drainpipe, the water that collects in ring PVC draining semicanals is entered into cable duct, draw outside hole.
In the present embodiment, each 50cm scopes cable duct side wall and gutter before and after construction joint are cut, and poured again, poured
Pre-buried diameter 50mmPVC pipes when building, enable current in the diameter 50mmPVC draining semicanals buried in circular construction joint smoothly to arrange
Enter gutter.
In the present embodiment, arch springing raggle buried depth diameter 50mmPVC pipes, need semicanal and Conduit Joint quality of connection compared with
It is good, it is to avoid misconnection and plugging phenomenon occur, and infiltration Jing cable duct bottom of trench notches (wide 6cm, deep 5cm) is sluiced by diameter 50mm
Pipe, flows into gutter.
Embodiment 3
Seep water treatment structures in the present embodiment tunnel-liner circular construction joint crack, including：In the concrete of lining construction seam
Surface is provided with circumferential groove, slot opening × a length of 6cm × 7.5cm of the circumferential groove, and circumferential groove extends to arch springing position, in groove
Ring is provided with PVC draining semicanals, and circumferential groove notch is set using Polymet-cement Mortar for Reparation closing notch sealing, notch surface
There is high permeable strata base crystal waterproof layer.The waterproof layer includes 3～4 layers, and each thickness is 1.5 to 2.5mm.The PVC rows
Water semicanal, the anchor ear made of 2mm thickness galvanized sheets is fixed in notch, and the anchor ear makes of 2mm thickness galvanized sheets, ring
Spacing 50cm.
PVC pipes are embedded with before and after construction joint in the range of each 50cm, in circular construction joint bury PVC drainings semicanal with
PVC pipes are connected.
Structure concrete construction method described in the present embodiment：
Annular ring fluting is carried out to tunnel ring-shaped construction joint crack seepage part, notch size 6cm × 7.5cm is to arch springing
Position.
Ring installs diameter 50mmPVC draining semicanals in groove, and the anchor ear made of 2mm thickness galvanized sheets installs solid in notch
Determine draining semicanal, anchor ear circumferential distance 50cm, and crater wall brushing interfacial agents, notch is floating using Polymet-cement Mortar for Reparation.
Each 50cm scopes cable duct side wall and gutter before and after construction joint are cut, and is poured again, it is pre-buried straight when pouring
Footpath 50mmPVC pipes, enable current in the diameter 50mmPVC draining semicanals buried in circular construction joint smoothly to enter draining side
Ditch.
It is mixed in cell wall both sides and smears interfacial agents, using Polymet-cement Mortar for Reparation notch, the row of should ensure that during closing is closed
Water semicanal is smooth.
Former tunnel-liner in the 50cm width ranges of notch both sides is cleaned, is dried.
Blade coating high permeable strata base crystal waterproof layer in notch surface and both sides 50cm width ranges, when first time waterproof layer
After starting hardening, brushing second layer waterproof layer brushes 3～4 layers.
Structure described in the present embodiment can also adopt the embodiment construction of any of the above-described method to obtain.
In the various embodiments described above, the diameter 50mmPVC draining semicanals that ring is installed in groove, anchor ear 2mm thickness galvanized sheet systems
Make, circumferential distance 50cm.Anchor ear adopts semicircle anchor ear diameter 51mm, two ends to be anchored at lining cutting using diameter 5mm expansion bolts and mix
Among solidifying soil.
The waterproof material handle measure of notch is by smearing interfacial agents in cell wall both sides, being repaired using polymer cement
Mortar closes notch, 3～4 layers of notch surface blade coating high permeable strata base crystal waterproof layer, it is ensured that pre-buried draining semicanal coagulation
Soil box mouth plugging effect is good.
Notch surface blade coating high permeable strata base crystal waterproof layer totally just can be carried out in basic unit's lining cutting surface washing, per layer
After waterproof layer hardening, next layer is just brushed.
Notch surface scratches every layer of THICKNESS CONTROL of high permeable strata base crystal waterproof layer in 2mm or so, brushes 3～4 layers；Apply
Border should cut border 50cm more than notch.
The above is only the preferred embodiment of the present invention, is not limited to the present invention, it is noted that for this skill
For the those of ordinary skill in art field, on the premise of without departing from the technology of the present invention principle, can also make it is some improvement and
Modification, these are improved and modification also should be regarded as protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. seep water Treatment Methods a kind of tunnel-liner circular construction joint crack, it is characterised in that includes：
Circumferential groove is dug in the concrete surface of lining construction seam, ring installs PVC draining semicanals in groove, using polymer water
Mud mending mortar closes notch, and the notch of circumferential groove is floating；
High permeable strata base crystal waterproof layer is scratched in the notch surface of circumferential groove；
Wherein, the slot opening of the circumferential groove × a length of 6cm × 7.5cm, circumferential groove extends to arch springing position.
2. seep water Treatment Methods tunnel-liner circular construction joint crack according to claim 1, it is characterised in that also includes
Each 50cm scopes cable duct side wall and gutter before and after construction joint are cut, and is poured again, pre-buried PVC pipes, make when pouring
Current can enter gutter in the PVC draining semicanals buried in circular construction joint, draw outside hole.
3. seep water Treatment Methods tunnel-liner circular construction joint crack according to claim 1, it is characterised in that notch table
Face blade coating high permeable strata base crystal waterproof layer is specifically included：After first time waterproof layer starts hardening, brushing second layer waterproof
Layer, each thickness is 1.5 to 2.5mm, brushes 3～4 layers.
4. seep water Treatment Methods tunnel-liner circular construction joint crack according to claim 3, it is characterised in that notch table
The painting border of face blade coating high permeable strata base crystal waterproof layer cuts border 50cm more than notch.
5. seep water Treatment Methods tunnel-liner circular construction joint crack according to claim 3, it is characterised in that also includes
The step of basic unit's lining cutting surface to brushing is rinsed.
6. seep water Treatment Methods tunnel-liner circular construction joint crack according to claim 1, it is characterised in that described
PVC draining semicanals are the PVC draining semicanals of a diameter of 50mm.
7. seep water Treatment Methods tunnel-liner circular construction joint crack according to claim 1, it is characterised in that described
PVC draining semicanals, the anchor ear made of 2mm thickness galvanized sheets is fixed in notch, anchor ear 2mm thickness galvanized sheet systems
Make, circumferential distance 50cm.
8. seep water treatment structures a kind of tunnel-liner circular construction joint crack, it is characterised in that includes：In the mixed of lining construction seam
Solidifying soil surface is provided with circumferential groove, and slot opening × a length of 6cm × 7.5cm of the circumferential groove, circumferential groove extends to arch springing position,
Ring is provided with PVC draining semicanals in groove, and circumferential groove notch is using Polymet-cement Mortar for Reparation closing notch sealing, notch table
Face is provided with high permeable strata base crystal waterproof layer,
The waterproof layer includes 3～4 layers, is 1.5 to 2.5mm per thickness degree.
9. seep water treatment structures tunnel-liner circular construction joint crack according to claim 8, it is characterised in that construction joint
In front and back PVC pipes are embedded with the range of each 50cm, the PVC drainings semicanal buried in circular construction joint is connected with PVC pipes.
10. seep water treatment structures tunnel-liner circular construction joint crack according to claim 8, it is characterised in that described
PVC draining semicanals, the anchor ear made of 2mm thickness galvanized sheets is fixed in notch, anchor ear 2mm thickness galvanized sheet systems
Make, circumferential distance 50cm.
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| CN201710026109.6A CN106640154A (en) | 2017-01-13 | 2017-01-13 | Treatment method and structure for water seepage of tunnel lining circular construction joint crack |
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| CN201710026109.6A CN106640154A (en) | 2017-01-13 | 2017-01-13 | Treatment method and structure for water seepage of tunnel lining circular construction joint crack |
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Cited By (14)
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|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN107587434A (en) * | 2017-10-16 | 2018-01-16 | 中交路桥建设有限公司 | Culvert of reinforced concrete percolating water prevention and disposition method |
| CN107605513A (en) * | 2017-09-13 | 2018-01-19 | 中交公局桥隧工程有限公司 | A kind of application process of tunnel longitudinal direction construction joint cement base crystalline waterproof material |
| CN108104846A (en) * | 2018-01-31 | 2018-06-01 | 湖南省交通科学研究院有限公司 | The supercharging reverse osmosis mechanism of cavern and supercharging reverse osmosis method are reserved for square tunnel |
| CN108590752A (en) * | 2018-01-09 | 2018-09-28 | 中交路桥建设有限公司 | Draining repair system and its construction method after a kind of underdrain formula tunnel-liner |
| CN108825272A (en) * | 2018-09-07 | 2018-11-16 | 西南交通大学 | Lining construction seam infiltration drain structure and its implementation method |
| CN110184956A (en) * | 2019-05-09 | 2019-08-30 | 中国铁道科学研究院集团有限公司铁道建筑研究所 | A kind of construction method for reinforcing culvert |
| CN110567759A (en) * | 2019-09-30 | 2019-12-13 | 安徽金联地矿科技有限公司 | Soil layered water sample collecting device and method thereof |
| CN110808564A (en) * | 2019-11-08 | 2020-02-18 | 南京聚联输变电安装有限责任公司 | Concrete cable trench construction process |
| CN111088996A (en) * | 2020-01-15 | 2020-05-01 | 四川省交通勘察设计研究院有限公司 | A drainage structures for highway tunnel hoop construction joint |
| CN111156037A (en) * | 2020-02-10 | 2020-05-15 | 四川省交通勘察设计研究院有限公司 | Construction structure and method capable of intensively treating large-scale water seepage of tunnel |
| CN112317283A (en) * | 2020-10-13 | 2021-02-05 | 杨恩德 | Preparation method of ice-setting type self-plugging waterproof coating |
| CN112901222A (en) * | 2021-02-23 | 2021-06-04 | 中铁五局集团有限公司 | Treatment process for concrete water seepage cracks of inverted arch of tunnel |
| CN112943320A (en) * | 2021-04-14 | 2021-06-11 | 中机中联工程有限公司 | Bamboo cutting type tunnel portal water diversion facility for tunnel |
| CN117365644A (en) * | 2023-11-17 | 2024-01-09 | 重庆交通大学 | Tunnel lining crack disease treatment platform and method with low traffic influence |
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| CN107605513A (en) * | 2017-09-13 | 2018-01-19 | 中交公局桥隧工程有限公司 | A kind of application process of tunnel longitudinal direction construction joint cement base crystalline waterproof material |
| CN107587434A (en) * | 2017-10-16 | 2018-01-16 | 中交路桥建设有限公司 | Culvert of reinforced concrete percolating water prevention and disposition method |
| CN108590752A (en) * | 2018-01-09 | 2018-09-28 | 中交路桥建设有限公司 | Draining repair system and its construction method after a kind of underdrain formula tunnel-liner |
| CN108104846B (en) * | 2018-01-31 | 2024-06-07 | 湖南省交通科学研究院有限公司 | Pressurized reverse osmosis device and pressurized reverse osmosis method for reserved caverns in square tunnels |
| CN108104846A (en) * | 2018-01-31 | 2018-06-01 | 湖南省交通科学研究院有限公司 | The supercharging reverse osmosis mechanism of cavern and supercharging reverse osmosis method are reserved for square tunnel |
| CN108825272A (en) * | 2018-09-07 | 2018-11-16 | 西南交通大学 | Lining construction seam infiltration drain structure and its implementation method |
| CN110184956A (en) * | 2019-05-09 | 2019-08-30 | 中国铁道科学研究院集团有限公司铁道建筑研究所 | A kind of construction method for reinforcing culvert |
| CN110567759A (en) * | 2019-09-30 | 2019-12-13 | 安徽金联地矿科技有限公司 | Soil layered water sample collecting device and method thereof |
| CN110808564A (en) * | 2019-11-08 | 2020-02-18 | 南京聚联输变电安装有限责任公司 | Concrete cable trench construction process |
| CN111088996A (en) * | 2020-01-15 | 2020-05-01 | 四川省交通勘察设计研究院有限公司 | A drainage structures for highway tunnel hoop construction joint |
| CN111156037A (en) * | 2020-02-10 | 2020-05-15 | 四川省交通勘察设计研究院有限公司 | Construction structure and method capable of intensively treating large-scale water seepage of tunnel |
| CN112317283A (en) * | 2020-10-13 | 2021-02-05 | 杨恩德 | Preparation method of ice-setting type self-plugging waterproof coating |
| CN112901222A (en) * | 2021-02-23 | 2021-06-04 | 中铁五局集团有限公司 | Treatment process for concrete water seepage cracks of inverted arch of tunnel |
| CN112943320A (en) * | 2021-04-14 | 2021-06-11 | 中机中联工程有限公司 | Bamboo cutting type tunnel portal water diversion facility for tunnel |
| CN117365644A (en) * | 2023-11-17 | 2024-01-09 | 重庆交通大学 | Tunnel lining crack disease treatment platform and method with low traffic influence |
| CN117365644B (en) * | 2023-11-17 | 2024-06-21 | 重庆交通大学 | Tunnel lining crack disease treatment platform and method with low traffic influence |
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