CN106639930B - Vortex generator - Google Patents

Abstract

A vortex generator belongs to the technical field of drilling. The upper joint includes a drill pipe box, an upper cylinder, and an upper boss. The outer surface of the upper cylinder is evenly provided with upper spiral strips. The inner hole is connected; the joint includes a lower boss, a lower cylinder, and a drill pipe pin. The outer surface of the lower cylinder is uniformly provided with a number of lower spiral strips, and the end surface of the lower boss is axially provided with a number of lower flow holes. The inner hole of the drill pipe pin is connected; the upper and lower joints are connected by the central shaft, the turbine is sleeved on the central shaft, and the two ports of the turbine are respectively sleeved on the upper and lower bosses, and the outer surface of the turbine is uniformly equipped with a number of centralizing strips; the end shaft of the turbine A number of through holes are arranged in the direction, and the upper and lower ends of the through holes communicate with the upper and lower flow holes respectively. The fluid flows through the turbine through hole through the upper flow hole, impacts the turbine, makes the centralizing bar rotate, thereby scraping the cuttings, and then flows out from the lower flow hole.

Description

Vortex generator

technical field

The invention relates to a vortex generator used for destroying cuttings beds and belongs to the technical field of drilling.

Background technique

In vertical well drilling, the sinking direction of cuttings in the annular space is parallel to and opposite to the direction of drilling fluid flow, and the drilling fluid can effectively bring cuttings to the surface. However, in the drilling of highly deviated or horizontal well sections, the cuttings sink vertically under the action of gravity, and the direction of sinking is at a certain angle or even perpendicular to the direction of drilling fluid flow, and the drilling fluid cannot effectively remove the cuttings. When brought to the ground, the deposited cuttings form a cushion (also known as the cuttings bed) at the bottom of the well, and the friction generated by it hinders the effective transmission of the drilling pressure. In severe cases, the drilling pressure cannot be increased, which greatly reduces the drilling speed. , and even cause pipe sticking accidents, and affect the quality of cementing. Therefore, how to remove the cuttings bed at the bottom of the well has become one of the difficult problems that drilling engineers and technicians strive to overcome.

At present, the cuttings bed breakers used on site mainly include auxiliary pressurizer with axial pulsation to break cuttings bed, herringbone groove cuttings bed breaker, and lotus petal cuttings bed breaker. The first kind of cuttings bed breaker has the advantages of small frictional resistance, high working frequency, and both auxiliary pressurization and cuttings bed removal. The disadvantage is that the smooth outer surface has no obvious effect on cuttings bed removal during axial movement. The bit must be repressurized when the central shaft reaches the maximum stroke; the second and third types have a more significant effect on clearing the cuttings bed when the drill string rotates, but when sliding drilling, because the cuttings bed breaker is more Long, because of the need to control the quality of the wellbore, the cuttings bed breaker is often connected to the power drilling tool, and the drilling tools above the power drilling tool do not rotate during drilling, so the cuttings bed breaker mentioned above is not suitable. In this way, the effect of destroying the cuttings bed will be lost, and additional frictional resistance will be generated to hinder the effective transmission of drilling pressure. However, sliding drilling is often used when drilling deviated well sections, and a good cuttings bed breaker is very much desired, but so far, the above-mentioned problems have not been well resolved.

Contents of the invention

The object of the present invention is to provide a downhole vortex generator for destroying the cuttings bed on the basis of analyzing the downhole working conditions and various downhole tools in view of the above-mentioned deficiencies in the prior art.

The object of the present invention is achieved through the following technical solutions: the vortex generator is characterized in that it includes an upper joint, a lower joint and a turbine, and the upper joint includes an upper drill pipe box, a middle upper cylinder, and a lower upper joint. Boss, the drill pipe box is connected with the drill pipe and communicated with it; the outer surface of the upper cylinder is uniformly provided with a number of left-handed or right-handed upper helical strips; the end surface of the upper boss is axially provided with a number of upper The flow hole, the upper end of the upper flow hole extends upward and passes through the upper cylinder, and communicates with the inner hole of the drill pipe box;

The lower joint includes an upper lower boss and a mandrel, a lower cylinder in the middle, and a lower drill pipe male buckle, the drill pipe male buckle is connected with the drill pipe and communicates with it; the outer surface of the lower cylinder is uniform There are several lower spiral strips, the lower spiral strips are opposite to the upper spiral strips; the outer diameter of the lower boss is the same as that of the upper boss, and the end surface of the lower boss is axially provided with several lower flow holes, the flow holes The lower end extends downward and passes through the lower cylinder to communicate with the inner hole of the drill pipe pin;

The upper joint and the lower joint are connected by a mandrel, and the center of the turbine is provided with a through hole, and is sleeved on the mandrel through the through hole; the two ports of the turbine are respectively sleeved on the upper and lower bosses, and the outer surface of the turbine is uniform There are a number of righting bars; the end face of the turbine is provided with a number of through holes in the axial direction, the upper and lower ends of the through holes communicate with the upper and lower flow holes respectively, and the fluid flows through the through hole of the turbine through the upper flow holes and impacts the turbine, so that The centralizer bar rotates to scrape the cuttings, which then exit the lower orifice.

The righting bar is a vertical righting bar.

There is a T-shaped hole in the middle part of the righting bar, and a T-shaped telescopic block is placed in the hole, and the T-shaped hole is matched with the T-shaped telescopic block.

The T-shaped hole is composed of an axial hole and a radial hole, and the T-shaped telescopic block is composed of an axial limiting block and a radial scraping block. The axial limiting block is placed in the axial hole, and the radial scraping block Placed in the radial hole, the depth of the axial hole is greater than the thickness of the axial limit block;

When the centralizing strip is below the turbine, the corresponding T-shaped telescopic block will protrude out of the T-shaped hole under the action of centrifugal force and gravity, that is, the radial scraping block scrapes the cuttings at the bottom of the well. When the centralizing strip is above the turbine, the corresponding The T-shaped telescopic block then retracts in the T-shaped hole.

Dynamic fit seals are used between the two ends of the turbine and the upper and lower bosses respectively.

A threaded hole is opened in the center of the end face of the lower boss for connecting with the mandrel.

The outer diameters of the upper and lower bosses are respectively smaller than the outer diameters of the upper and lower cylinders.

The two ends of the turbine are respectively connected with the upper and lower bosses through the upper bearing and the lower bearing.

The upper flow hole is an oblique straight hole, and the lower flow hole is a straight hole.

During the sliding drilling process, the drilling fluid passes through the upper flow hole (inclined straight hole) of the upper joint, impacts the turbine blades, drives the turbine to rotate, and the (T-shaped) in the T-shaped groove (hole) below the turbine near the bottom of the well expands and contracts. The block stretches out under the action of centrifugal force and self-weight to scrape the cuttings at the bottom of the well, while the telescopic block above the turbine retracts into the T-shaped slot (hole) to avoid friction due to contact with the well wall.

If it is rotary drilling, the helical strips of the upper and lower joints and the helical strips (righting strips) of the turbine will scrape cuttings from the bottom of the well, and at the same time, the liquid returned from the upper part will enter the helical groove of the lower joint (that is, the gap between the lower helical strips) After passing through the spiral groove of the turbine (that is, the gap between the centralizing strips), it flows out from the spiral groove in the opposite direction of the upper joint (that is, the gap between the upper spiral strips), thereby forming a vortex in the middle of the vortex generator, which intensifies the rock Destruction of the crumb bed.

Since the vortex generator is relatively short (simple structure, does not take up space), it has little effect on measuring the inclination and azimuth of the well, so it can be connected below the power drilling tool to achieve a better effect of clearing the cuttings bed. And because the pressure loss is not large when the drilling fluid flows through the vortex generator, it can be connected in sections in the middle of the drill string, and the effect is better.

To sum up, the vortex generator can remove the cuttings bed well whether it is rotary drilling or sliding drilling.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is a structural representation of the present invention;

Fig. 2 is the structural representation of righting bar and T-shaped hole among the present invention;

Fig. 3 is the structural representation of T-shaped telescopic block among the present invention;

In the figure: 1 upper joint, 2 lower joint, 3 turbine, 4 drill pipe box, 5 upper cylinder, 6 upper boss, 7 upper spiral bar, 8 upper flow hole, 9 lower boss, 10 lower cylinder , 11 drill pipe male button, 12 lower spiral bar, 13 lower flow hole, 14 mandrel, 15 centralizing bar, 16 through hole, 17 T-shaped hole, 18 T-shaped telescopic block, 19 axial hole, 20 radial hole , 21 axial limit block, 22 radial scraping block, 23 upper bearing, 24 lower bearing.

Detailed ways

As shown in Figure 1, the vortex generator consists of three parts, the upper joint 1, the lower joint 2 and the turbine 3. The upper end of the upper joint is the drill pipe box 4, and there are several left-handed or right-handed upper helical strips 7 on the outer surface of the middle (upper cylinder 5), and the upper boss 6 whose outer diameter is slightly smaller than the outer diameter of the helical bar root (That is, the outer diameter of the upper boss is smaller than the outer diameter of the upper cylinder).

In the middle of the upper boss is a mandrel (central shaft 14), and the upper end of the box is connected with the drill pipe. There are a number of upper flow holes 8 (slanted straight holes) below the box to the lower step surface. The fluid can impinge on the turbine blades (righting bars 15).

The upper part of the lower joint is the lower boss 9, the outer diameter of the boss is the same as that of the upper boss 6, and the end surface of the lower boss is provided with a number of lower flow holes 13 (straight holes), and the lower flow holes are connected with the turbine. The through hole 16 communicates, and the bottom communicates with the inner hole of the drill pipe pin. A threaded hole is provided in the middle of the lower boss for connecting with the central shaft.

The lower cylinder 10 in the middle part of the lower joint has a lower helical strip 12 on its outer surface that is opposite to the upper joint, and the bottom part is a drill pipe pin, which is used to connect with the drill pipe.

There is a through hole in the center of the turbine, which is sleeved on the mandrel (central shaft), and there are several vertical uprighting strips 15 on the outer surface. There is a T-shaped hole 17 in the middle of the uprighting strip, and a T-shaped telescopic block 18 is placed in the hole. The holes at both ends are respectively set on the bosses at the lower end of the upper joint and the upper end of the lower joint, and are sealed by moving fit.

The T-shaped hole is composed of an axial hole 19 and a radial hole 20. The T-shaped telescopic block is composed of an axial limiting block 21 and a radial scraping block 22. The axial limiting block is placed in the axial hole, and the radial scraping block Placed in the radial hole, the depth of the axial hole is greater than the thickness of the axial limit block.

The fluid flows through the through hole of the turbine through the upper flow hole, impacts the turbine, makes the centralizing bar rotate, thereby scraping the rock debris, and then flows out from the lower flow hole (the water flow out of the oblique straight hole will provide an impact force for the rotation of the turbine, and the water flow will Through the turbine through hole, it flows out from the straight hole, which can reduce the water flow resistance). When the centralizing strip is below the turbine, the corresponding T-shaped telescopic block will protrude out of the T-shaped hole under the action of centrifugal force and gravity, that is, the radial scraping block scrapes the cuttings at the bottom of the well. When the centralizing strip is above the turbine, the corresponding The T-shaped telescopic block then retracts in the T-shaped hole.

In the present invention, there is a cavity for drilling fluid circulation between the upper and lower joints. Therefore, the present invention adopts the combination of upper and lower spiral strips, centralizing strips and telescopic blocks on the basis of not affecting the drilling work, which can be better. The destruction of the cuttings bed, the use of the effect is better.

Claims (7)

1. A vortex generator is characterized by comprising an upper connector (1), a lower connector (2) and a turbine (3), wherein the upper connector comprises a drill rod female buckle (4) at the upper part, an upper cylinder (5) at the middle part and an upper boss (6) at the lower part, and the drill rod female buckle is connected with a drill rod and communicated with the drill rod; a plurality of upper spiral strips (7) which are rotated leftwards or rightwards are uniformly arranged on the outer surface of the upper cylinder; a plurality of upper overflowing holes (8) are axially formed in the end face of the upper boss, and the upper ends of the upper overflowing holes extend upwards and penetrate through the upper cylinder to be communicated with the inner hole of the drill rod female buckle;

the lower joint comprises a lower boss (9) and a mandrel at the upper part, a lower cylinder (10) at the middle part and a drill rod male buckle (11) at the lower part, and the drill rod male buckle is connected with the drill rod and communicated with the drill rod; the outer surface of the lower cylinder is uniformly provided with a plurality of lower spiral strips (12), and the rotating directions of the lower spiral strips and the upper spiral strips are opposite; the outer diameter of the lower boss is the same as that of the upper boss, a plurality of lower overflowing holes (13) are axially formed in the end face of the lower boss, and the lower ends of the overflowing holes extend downwards, penetrate through the lower cylinder and are communicated with the inner hole of the drill rod male buckle;

the upper joint and the lower joint are connected through a mandrel (14), and a through hole is formed in the center of the turbine and sleeved on the mandrel through the through hole; two ports of the turbine are respectively sleeved on the upper boss and the lower boss, and a plurality of righting strips (15) are uniformly arranged on the outer surface of the turbine; the end face of the turbine is axially provided with a plurality of through holes (16), the upper end and the lower end of each through hole are respectively communicated with the upper overflowing hole and the lower overflowing hole, fluid flows through the turbine through holes through the upper overflowing holes to impact the turbine, so that the centering bars rotate, rock debris is scraped, and then the fluid flows out of the lower overflowing holes;

a T-shaped hole (17) is formed in the middle of the righting strip (15), a T-shaped telescopic block (18) is arranged in the hole, and the T-shaped hole is in clearance fit with the T-shaped telescopic block;

the T-shaped hole (17) is composed of an axial hole (19) and a radial hole (20), the T-shaped telescopic block (18) is composed of an axial limiting block (21) and a radial scraping block (22), the axial limiting block is arranged in the axial hole, the radial scraping block is arranged in the radial hole, and the depth of the axial hole is larger than the thickness of the axial limiting block;

when the righting strip is positioned below the turbine, the corresponding T-shaped telescopic block extends out of the T-shaped hole under the action of centrifugal force and gravity, namely, the radial scraping block scrapes rock debris at the bottom of the well, and when the righting strip is positioned above the turbine, the corresponding T-shaped telescopic block retracts into the T-shaped hole.

2. Vortex generator according to claim 1, characterized in that the righting strip (15) is a vertical righting strip.

3. The vortex generator as claimed in claim 1, characterised in that the turbine (3) is sealed at both ends with a dynamic fit between the upper and lower bosses respectively.

4. The vortex generator of claim 1 wherein the lower boss has a threaded bore centrally formed in an end surface thereof for connection to a spindle.

5. The vortex generator of claim 1 wherein the upper and lower bosses have outer diameters that are smaller than the outer diameters of the upper and lower cylinders, respectively.

6. The vortex generator as claimed in claim 1, wherein the turbine is connected at both ends to the upper and lower bosses by an upper bearing (23) and a lower bearing (24), respectively.

7. The vortex generator of claim 1 wherein the upper overflow aperture is a straight angled aperture and the lower overflow aperture is a straight aperture.

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