CN106635155A - Efficient-residual-heat-utilization system for light-fraction conversion of coal tar and method - Google Patents
Efficient-residual-heat-utilization system for light-fraction conversion of coal tar and method Download PDFInfo
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- CN106635155A CN106635155A CN201610953061.9A CN201610953061A CN106635155A CN 106635155 A CN106635155 A CN 106635155A CN 201610953061 A CN201610953061 A CN 201610953061A CN 106635155 A CN106635155 A CN 106635155A
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10G—CRACKING HYDROCARBON OILS; PRODUCTION OF LIQUID HYDROCARBON MIXTURES, e.g. BY DESTRUCTIVE HYDROGENATION, OLIGOMERISATION, POLYMERISATION; RECOVERY OF HYDROCARBON OILS FROM OIL-SHALE, OIL-SAND, OR GASES; REFINING MIXTURES MAINLY CONSISTING OF HYDROCARBONS; REFORMING OF NAPHTHA; MINERAL WAXES
- C10G67/00—Treatment of hydrocarbon oils by at least one hydrotreatment process and at least one process for refining in the absence of hydrogen only
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01K—STEAM ENGINE PLANTS; STEAM ACCUMULATORS; ENGINE PLANTS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; ENGINES USING SPECIAL WORKING FLUIDS OR CYCLES
- F01K25/00—Plants or engines characterised by use of special working fluids, not otherwise provided for; Plants operating in closed cycles and not otherwise provided for
- F01K25/08—Plants or engines characterised by use of special working fluids, not otherwise provided for; Plants operating in closed cycles and not otherwise provided for using special vapours
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- Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
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- Production Of Liquid Hydrocarbon Mixture For Refining Petroleum (AREA)
Abstract
The invention relates to an efficient-residual-heat-utilization system for light-fraction conversion of coal tar and a method. The system comprises a vacuum distillation unit, a hydrorefining system, a hot high-pressure separator, a first residual-heat power generating device, a cold high-pressure separator, a product fractionating tower, a hydrocracking system, a cracking hot high-pressure separator, a fourth residual-heat power generating device and a cracking cold high-pressure separator which are connected sequentially, wherein the cracking cold high-pressure separator is connected with the product fractionating tower and a cracking circulating hydrogen compressor, and the cracking circulating hydrogen compressor is connected with the hydrocracking system; the product fractionating tower is connected with a second residual-heat power generating device and a third residual-heat power generating device; and the hydrorefining system is connected with a refining circulating hydrogen compressor, and the refining circulating hydrogen compressor is connected with the cold high-pressure separator. Distillate oil, obtained after the coal tar is subjected to vacuum distillation, is treated in the system, corresponding products are cooled through the four residual-heat power generating devices, residual heat is used for generating power, and generated electric power is supplied to equipment such as a pump of a hydrogenation device, an ultra-centrifuge and public lighting, so that the power consumption of the system is lowered, and the system and the method have relatively good economic benefit.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to technical field of coal chemical industry, is related to a kind of coal tar lighting system, more particularly to a kind of energy is fully
Using the coal tar lighting system of system waste heat；The present invention also provides a kind of method of system high efficiency using waste heat.
Background technology
As coal in China is pyrolyzed the fast development of industry, coal tar oil yield constantly rises.As gained in pyrolytic process
The bulk fluid product for arriving, coal tar is mainly made up of organic matters such as alkane, aromatic hydrocarbon, colloid and pitches.In addition, with oil
The gradual perfection of the increasingly deficient and coal tar hydrogenating technology of resource, the various coal tar hydrogenating technologies of current domestic-developed, this
It is significant to alleviating China's oil scarcity of resources.
From raw material using from the point of view of, coal tar hydrogenating technology representative at present mainly has light distillate hydrogenation to refine skill
Art, long distillate oil hydrocracking technology and full fraction of coal tar hydrogen addition technology.
Patent《A kind of method that coal tar hydrogenating produces diesel oil》（Patent No. ZL00123146.4, publication number
CN1351130A, publication date 2002.05.29）Coal tar is separated into disclosed method distillate oil and residual oil less than 370 DEG C,
The distillate oil is hydrogenated with hydro-refining unit.Product Jing high score, stripper obtain gasoline, diesel oil.Though the method
So coal tar is converted into into petrol and diesel oil, but due to the residual oil large percentage for cutting away, finished product oil yield is relatively low.Patent《Coal tar
Method for hydrogen cracking》（Patent No. ZL200610028263.9, publication number CN1876767A, publication date 2006.12.13）It is disclosed
Method cuts first<450 DEG C of distillate, is mixed into afterwards weighted BMO spaces reactor with hydrogen, and the oil for obtaining enters heat
High-pressure separator, the further isolated light-end products of top logistics and water go out system, and the hydrogen for obtaining is recycled, bottom
Logistics continuation is mixed into hydrocracking reactor with hydrogen, is hydrocracked product and enters high-pressure separator, isolated
Hydrogen is recycled, and the liquid for obtaining obtains the light-end products such as gas, gasoline, diesel oil and tail oil in fractionating column, and tail oil can be with
Loop back hydrocracking reaction area, it is also possible to go out system.The method oil product yield is improved and invests moderate.
Either which kind of coal tar hydrogenation process technology, its hydrofinishing is being through one with the product being hydrocracked
After row heat exchange and hot high score, major part is in 200 DEG C or so, and 50 DEG C of left sides are typically cooled to by the way of air cooling+water-cooled
The right side, entering back into cold high score carries out H2Reclaim；Further for the final fractionating device of product, in over-head naphtha cut cooling for reflux and
During extraction, during midsection extraction diesel oil distillate, distillate is more than 150 DEG C and flow is larger, common process
Method is also air cooling+water-cooled, and product oil tank field is gone to after being cooled to 40 DEG C or so.For big flow of these temperature higher than 150 DEG C
Thermal source, existing processing means cause a large amount of heat-energy losses.
The content of the invention
It is an object of the invention to provide a kind of coal tar of the waste heat efficient utilization that can be made full use of with long-term operation, heat
Oily lighting system.
The method that another object of the present invention makes full use of heat produced by said system.
For achieving the above object, the technical solution used in the present invention is；A kind of coal tar lighting of efficient utilization waste heat
System, including be sequentially connected connect vacuum distillation apparatus, hydrofinishing system, high pressure hot separator, the first device for generating power by waste heat,
Cold high pressure separator, product fractionating column, it is hydrocracked system, cracking high pressure hot separator, the 4th device for generating power by waste heat and cracking
Cold high pressure separator；Cracking cold high pressure separator is connected respectively with product fractionating column and cracking circulating hydrogen compressor, cracking circulation
Hydrogen compressor is connected with the system of being hydrocracked；Product fractionating column is also filled with the second device for generating power by waste heat and the 3rd cogeneration respectively
Put connected；Hydrofinishing system is connected with refined circulating hydrogen compressor, and refined circulating hydrogen compressor is connected with cold high pressure separator.
Another technical scheme of the present invention is：A kind of above-mentioned coal tar lighting system utilizes the side of waste heat
Method, is specifically carried out according to the following steps：
Step 1：After coal tar oil processing, sending into vacuum distillation apparatus carries out vacuum distillation, obtains distillate and coal tar asphalt, coal tar
Oil asphalt discharges vacuum distillation apparatus；
Step 2：Distillate sends into hydrofinishing system, enters under conditions of 16.0～17.0MPa of pressure, 225～350 DEG C of temperature
Row refining reaction, generates hydrotreated product；
Step 3：Hydrotreated product sends into high pressure hot separator, and liquid phase part and gas phase portion are divided in high pressure hot separator
Point, the liquid phase part is discharged from high pressure hot separator bottom, sends into hot low separating device, and hot low separating device carries out two to hot high score oil
Secondary separation, reclaims hydrogen, and deep fat is sent into into product fractionating column；The gas phase portion is discharged from high pressure hot separator, shape after heat exchange
Into 180～200 DEG C of low-temperature gaseous phase of temperature；The low-temperature gaseous phase sends into the first device for generating power by waste heat, the first device for generating power by waste heat profit
Generated electricity with heat energy contained in low-temperature gaseous phase, low-temperature gaseous phase forms temperature 45～50 after the first device for generating power by waste heat
DEG C low temperature product；
Step 4：Low temperature product is sent into cold high pressure separator and is separated, and generates liquid product and gas-phase product；The gas-phase product
Discharge from cold high pressure separator, Jing after the compression of refined circulating hydrogen compressor hydrofinishing system is sent into；Liquid product Jing is cold low
Product fractionating column is sent into after separating device secondary separation；
Step 5：After the material of feeding product fractionating column is fractionated, the gas phase that product fractionating column top is formed is sent into the second waste heat and is sent out
Electric installation, Jing after the condensation of the second device for generating power by waste heat, a part of Jing return tanks return product fractionating column, and another part Jing absorption is de-
Inhale and produce after stable；The oil that product fractionation midsection is generated sends into the 3rd device for generating power by waste heat, Jing the after stripping, heat exchange
After the condensation of three device for generating power by waste heat, as diesel oil distillate extraction；The tail oil that product fractionation column bottom generates, part conduct is got rid of outward
Tail oil goes out system；
Step 6：Another part tail oil at product fractionation column bottom is sent into and is hydrocracked system, in 380～430 DEG C of temperature, pressure
15.8～16.5MPa and catalyst carry out hydrocracking reaction under conditions of existing；Product is sent into cracking thermal high and is separated
Device, the temperature of the product is down to 180～200 DEG C after hot high score and heat exchange, Jing after the cooling of the 4th device for generating power by waste heat,
Hydrogen is reclaimed into cracking cold high pressure separator, the cracked circulating hydrogen compressor of hydrogen of recovery is sent into and is hydrocracked system；
Step 7：Liquid phase substance in cracking cold high pressure separator enters product fractionating column after hydrogen sulfide Stripping Desulfuration, with essence
Product processed merges carries out product fractionation.
Coal tar lighting system of the present invention has the advantage that：
1）Flow process is simple, high conversion rate, good product quality；
2）Due to having cut away part heavy coal tar pitch in the prefractionation stage, the chance of system coking, Ke Yibao are greatly reducing
The long-term operation of card device；
3）Traditional air cooling+water-cooled is replaced with device for generating power by waste heat, realizes that logistics is cold by heat exchanger with suitable organic media
But, while being the pressure dynamics of organic media by converting heat, and generated electricity by turbine, system thermal has been obtained fully
Utilize；
4）The electric energy that afterheat generating system is produced can supply pump, ultracentrifuge and public lighting of hydrogenation plant etc. and set
It is standby to use, system power consumption is reduced, with preferable economic benefit.
Description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the schematic diagram of coal tar lighting system of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is the schematic diagram of device for generating power by waste heat in coal tar lighting system of the present invention.
In figure：1. vacuum distillation apparatus, 2. hydrofinishing system, 3. high pressure hot separator, 4. refines circulating hydrogen compressor,
5. the first device for generating power by waste heat, 6. cold high pressure separator, 7. product fractionating column, 8. the second device for generating power by waste heat, 9. the 3rd waste heat
TRT, 10. cracking circulating hydrogen compressor, 11. cracking cold high pressure separators, 12. the 4th device for generating power by waste heat, 13. crackings
High-pressure separator, 14. are hydrocracked system, 15. heat exchange vapo(u)rization systems, 16. organic working medium decompressors, 17. turbine generators,
18. organic working medium condenser systems, 19. working medium pumps.
Specific embodiment
With reference to the accompanying drawings and detailed description the present invention is described in detail.
As shown in figure 1, coal tar lighting system of the present invention, including being sequentially connected the vacuum distillation apparatus 1, the hydrogenation essence that connect
System processed 2, high pressure hot separator 3, the first device for generating power by waste heat 5, cold high pressure separator 6, product fractionating column 7, it is hydrocracked and is
System 14, cracking high pressure hot separator 13, the 4th device for generating power by waste heat 12 and cracking cold high pressure separator 11；Cracking cold anticyclone is separated
Device 11 is connected respectively with product fractionating column 7 and cracking circulating hydrogen compressor 10, and cracking circulating hydrogen compressor 10 is with being hydrocracked
System 14 is connected；Product fractionating column 7 is also connected with the second device for generating power by waste heat 8 and the 3rd device for generating power by waste heat 9 respectively；Hydrofinishing
System 2 is connected with refined circulating hydrogen compressor 4, and refined circulating hydrogen compressor 4 is connected with cold high pressure separator 6.
First device for generating power by waste heat 5, the second device for generating power by waste heat 8, the 3rd device for generating power by waste heat 9 and the 4th cogeneration dress
Put 12 structure it is identical.Device for generating power by waste heat in coal tar lighting system of the present invention, as shown in Fig. 2 including being sequentially connected
Organic working medium decompressor 16, organic working medium condenser system 18, working medium pump 19 and the heat exchange vapo(u)rization system 15 for connecing, organic working medium expansion
Machine 16 also respectively with heat exchange vapo(u)rization system 15 and turbine generators 17 be connected.
Present invention also offers a kind of method for making full use of material institute heat content in said system, specifically according to the following steps
Carry out：
Step 1：By raw material coal tar after dehydration, de- mechanical admixture and filtration, sending into vacuum distillation apparatus 1 carries out decompression steaming
Evaporate, coal tar asphalt of the vapo(u)rizing temperature more than 460 DEG C removed from raw material coal tar, obtain distillate and coal tar asphalt,
Coal tar asphalt discharges vacuum distillation apparatus 1；
Raw material coal tar is by three phase separation and is removed by filtration the solid of more than 20 μm of ammoniacal liquor therein, mechanical admixture and particle diameter
Grain etc..
Step 2：Distillate sends into hydrofinishing system 2, in 16.0～17.0MPa of pressure, the bar of 225～350 DEG C of temperature
Refining reaction is carried out under part, hydrotreated product is generated；
Hydrofinishing system 2 is anti-by hydrogenation protecting reactor, HDM reactor, hydrodesulphurisatioreactors reactors, hydrodenitrogeneration
Device and main hydrogenation reactor is answered to constitute, the active ingredient of Hydrobon catalyst is cobalt, molybdenum, the combination of nickel, and hydrofinishing is catalyzed
Agent is wanting Jing cure activations using front.Reaction temperature is controlled by cold hydrogen is circulated.
Step 3：Hydrotreated product sends into high pressure hot separator 3, is divided into liquid phase part in high pressure hot separator 3 gentle
Phase part, the liquid phase part is discharged from the bottom of high pressure hot separator 3, sends into hot low separating device, and hot low separating device is oily by hot high score
Secondary separation is carried out, hydrogen is further reclaimed, and sends deep fat as the hot feed of fractionating system into product fractionating column 7；The gas
Mutually part is discharged from high pressure hot separator 3, and the low-temperature gaseous phase of 180～200 DEG C of temperature is formed after heat exchange；The low-temperature gaseous phase sends into the
One device for generating power by waste heat 5, the first device for generating power by waste heat 5 is generated electricity using heat energy contained in low-temperature gaseous phase, low-temperature gaseous phase Jing
After crossing the first device for generating power by waste heat 5,45～50 DEG C of low temperature products of temperature are formed；
Step 4：Low temperature product sends into cold high pressure separator 6, and the low temperature product of 6 pairs of feedings of cold high pressure separator is separated, raw
Into liquid product and gas-phase product；The gas-phase product is discharged from cold high pressure separator 6, Jing after the compression of refined circulating hydrogen compressor 4
Send into hydrofinishing system 2；The liquid product sends into product fractionation Jing after cold high score oil is carried out secondary separation by cold low separating device
Tower 7；
Step 5：After the material of feeding product fractionating column 7 is fractionated, the gas phase formed at the top of product fractionating column 7 sends into more than second
Thermal electric generator 8, Jing after the second device for generating power by waste heat 8 is condensed, a part of Jing return tanks return product fractionating column 7, another part
Produce Jing absorption desorption and after stablizing as naphtha cut；The oil that the stage casing of product fractionating column 7 generates send after stripping, heat exchange
Enter the 3rd device for generating power by waste heat 9, Jing after the 3rd device for generating power by waste heat 9 is condensed, as diesel oil distillate extraction；The tower of product fractionating column 7
The tail oil that bottom generates, a part（On a small quantity）Go out system as outer whipping oil；
Step 6：Another part tail oil of the bottom of towe of product fractionating column 7 is sent into and is hydrocracked system 14, in 380～430 DEG C of temperature, pressure
15.8～16.5MPa of power and catalyst carry out hydrocracking reaction, the active ingredient of hydrocracking catalyst under conditions of existing
For cobalt and tungsten, the temperature of reactor is controlled by cold hydrogen is circulated；Product sends into cracking high pressure hot separator 13, through hot high
Point and a series of heat exchange after the temperature of the product be down to 180～200 DEG C or so, the product after cooling is through the more than the 4th
Thermal electric generator 12 is cooled down, and reclaims hydrogen, the cracked recycle hydrogen of hydrogen of recovery into cracking cold high pressure separator 11
Compressor 10 is sent into and is hydrocracked system 14；
Step 7：Liquid phase substance in cracking cold high pressure separator 11 enters product fractionating column 7 after hydrogen sulfide Stripping Desulfuration,
Merging with refined products carries out product fractionation.
Device for generating power by waste heat in present system is mainly by heat exchange vapo(u)rization system 15, turbine generators 17, organic working medium
Condenser system 18 and associated pump valve group into.Heat exchange vapo(u)rization system 15 therein directly evaporates organic media using waste heat, has
Machine medium steam, afterwards into organic working medium decompressor 16, driving organic working medium decompressor 16 does work high pressure organic working medium steam,
Heat energy is realized to mechanical transformation of energy, and drives turbine generators 17 to operate, produce electric energy.Organic working medium decompressor 16 exports weary
Vapour is condensed into organic working medium condenser system 18, and the pump of liquid phase organic working medium Jing working medium pump 19 after condensation cooling returns again to change
Thermal evaporation system is circulated work.
Case 1
The property of coal tar used is shown in Table 1.
The full fraction of coal tar property of table 1
The lighting coal tar oil nature of table 2
The system waste heat power generation situation table of table 3（Assume by taking certain 150,000 t/a tar lighting project as an example）
Every year in terms of 8000 hours, and assume that waste heat turbine power generation efficiency is 10%, then the 150000 t/a coal tar lighting projects
Whole year can complete 2,810,000 kWh that generate electricity, and in terms of 0.60 yuan, then the economic benefit that it brings is at 186.6 ten thousand yuan for kilowatt-hour.
Case 2
The property of coal tar used, is shown in Table 4
The coal tar main character of table 4
The lighting coal tar oil nature of table 5
The cogeneration situation of table 6（Assume by taking certain 500,000 t/a tar lighting project as an example）
Every year in terms of 8000 hours, and assume that waste heat turbine power generation efficiency is 10%, then the 500000 t/a coal tar lighting projects
Whole year can complete the 19730000 kW ﹒ h that generate electricity, and in terms of 0.60 yuan, then the economic benefit that it brings is at 1183.8 ten thousand yuan for kilowatt-hour.
Claims (4)
1. the coal tar lighting system of a kind of efficient utilization waste heat, it is characterised in that including being sequentially connected the vacuum distillation that connects
Device（1）, hydrofinishing system（2）, high pressure hot separator（3）, the first device for generating power by waste heat（5）, cold high pressure separator（6）、
Product fractionating column（7）, be hydrocracked system（14）, cracking high pressure hot separator（13）, the 4th device for generating power by waste heat（12）With split
Change cold high pressure separator（11）；Cracking cold high pressure separator（11）Respectively with product fractionating column（7）With cracking circulating hydrogen compressor
（10）It is connected, cracking circulating hydrogen compressor（10）Be hydrocracked system（14）It is connected；Product fractionating column（7）Also respectively with second
Device for generating power by waste heat（8）With the 3rd device for generating power by waste heat（9）It is connected；Hydrofinishing system（2）With refined circulating hydrogen compressor（4）
It is connected, refines circulating hydrogen compressor（4）With cold high pressure separator（6）It is connected.
2. the coal tar lighting system of efficient utilization waste heat according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the first waste heat is sent out
Electric installation（5）, the second device for generating power by waste heat（8）, the 3rd device for generating power by waste heat（9）With the 4th device for generating power by waste heat（12）Structure
Identical, device for generating power by waste heat includes being sequentially connected the organic working medium decompressor for connecing（16）, organic working medium condenser system（18）, working medium
Pump（19）With heat exchange vapo(u)rization system（15）, organic working medium decompressor（16）Also respectively with heat exchange vapo(u)rization system（15）And turbine power generation
Machine（17）It is connected.
3. the method that coal tar lighting system described in a kind of claim 1 utilizes waste heat, it is characterised in that the method is specifically pressed
Following steps are carried out：
Step 1：After coal tar oil processing, vacuum distillation apparatus are sent into（1）Vacuum distillation is carried out, distillate and coal tar asphalt is obtained,
Coal tar asphalt discharges vacuum distillation apparatus（1）；
Step 2：Distillate sends into hydrofinishing system（2）, in 16.0～17.0MPa of pressure, the condition of 225～350 DEG C of temperature
Under carry out refining reaction, generate hydrotreated product；
Step 3：Hydrotreated product sends into high pressure hot separator（3）, in high pressure hot separator（3）Inside it is divided into liquid phase part gentle
Phase part, the liquid phase part is from high pressure hot separator（3）Bottom is discharged, and sends into hot low separating device, and hot low separating device is to hot high score
Oil carries out secondary separation, reclaims hydrogen, and deep fat is sent into into product fractionating column（7）；The gas phase portion is from high pressure hot separator（3）
Discharge, the low-temperature gaseous phase of 180～200 DEG C of temperature is formed after heat exchange；The low-temperature gaseous phase sends into the first device for generating power by waste heat（5）, the
One device for generating power by waste heat（5）Generated electricity using heat energy contained in low-temperature gaseous phase, low-temperature gaseous phase is filled through the first cogeneration
Put（5）Afterwards, the low temperature product of 45～50 DEG C of temperature is formed；
Step 4：Low temperature product sends into cold high pressure separator（6）Separated, generated liquid product and gas-phase product；The gas phase is produced
Thing is from cold high pressure separator（6）Discharge, Jing refines circulating hydrogen compressor（4）Hydrofinishing system is sent into after compression（2）；The liquid phase
Product sends into product fractionating column Jing after cold low separating device secondary separation（7）；
Step 5：Send into product fractionating column（7）Material be fractionated after, product fractionating column（7）The gas phase that top is formed sends into second
Device for generating power by waste heat（8）, the device for generating power by waste heat of Jing second（8）After condensation, a part of Jing return tanks return product fractionating column（7）,
Another part is produced Jing absorption desorption and after stablizing；Product fractionating column（7）The oil that stage casing generates sends into the after stripping, heat exchange
Three device for generating power by waste heat（9）, the device for generating power by waste heat of Jing the 3rd（9）After condensation, as diesel oil distillate extraction；Product fractionating column（7）
The tail oil that bottom of towe is generated a, part goes out system as outer whipping oil；
Step 6：Product fractionating column（7）Another part tail oil of bottom of towe is sent into and is hydrocracked system（14）, in temperature 380～430
DEG C, 15.8～16.5MPa of pressure and catalyst carry out hydrocracking reaction under conditions of existing；It is high that product sends into the heat of cracking
Pressure separator（13）, the temperature of the product is down to 180～200 DEG C after hot high score and heat exchange, the cogenerations of Jing the 4th
Device（12）After cooling, into cracking cold high pressure separator（11）Reclaim hydrogen, the cracked circulating hydrogen compressor of hydrogen of recovery
（10）Feeding is hydrocracked system（14）；
Step 7：Cracking cold high pressure separator（11）Interior liquid phase substance enters product fractionating column after hydrogen sulfide Stripping Desulfuration
（7）, merging with refined products carries out product fractionation.
4. the method that coal tar lighting system according to claim 3 utilizes waste heat, it is characterised in that the step 1
In coal tar be processed as：By three phase separation and it is removed by filtration consolidating for more than 20 μm of ammoniacal liquor therein, mechanical admixture and particle diameter
Body particle.
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Application publication date: 20170510 |