CN106626570A - Preparation method of resistant gradually changed sound-absorbing and noise-reducing composite functional material - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses a preparation method of a composite functional material for sound absorption and noise reduction with gradual change in impedance. cavity layer. The pollution-repelling and sound-absorbing decorative layer is made of polypropylene fiber with a triangular cross-section, the sound-absorbing functional layer with a gradient structure is made of modified polyester/polyacrylamide sea-island microfiber, and the heat-insulating and sound-absorbing cavity layer is made of hollow polyester fiber become. After padding finishing and foam finishing, it has the functions of dirt repelling, flame retardant and sound absorption and noise reduction. The material has a sound-absorbing gradient distribution structure from outside to inside, which broadens the sound-absorbing frequency band of the product without increasing the thickness of the material, realizes the preparation of fiber-based thin flexible sound-absorbing bodies, and obtains thin, lightweight and efficient sound-absorbing and noise-reducing materials , in line with the lightweight requirements for vehicle interior materials.

Description

Preparation method of composite functional material for sound absorption and noise reduction with gradual impedance gradient

technical field

The invention relates to a preparation method of a sound-absorbing and noise-reducing composite functional material with gradually changing impedance, belonging to the technical field of textile materials.

Background technique

Noise is the main source of environmental pollution that affects people's work and living comfort. With the advancement of science and technology and social development, people's awareness of the hazards of noise and the emphasis on noise control are constantly increasing. Compared with sound absorption and noise reduction in buildings, noise control in vehicle cabins is a relatively new topic. Not only are the sources of noise different, but the noise elimination mechanisms and requirements for noise reduction materials are also different. The noise control in the building mainly relies on the sound insulation performance of the walls to block the external source noise, and the external source noise entering the room or a small amount of indoor noise is eliminated by sound-absorbing materials. For vehicles, airplanes and other means of transportation, the wall panels are much thinner than the walls, and it is impossible to enhance the sound insulation effect by increasing the wall thickness like buildings, so only part of the high-frequency noise can be blocked by the wall panels, while Medium and low-frequency noise can still enter the interior of the cabin, and it must be solved by sound absorption. Therefore, for the noise reduction of the vehicle cabin, sound-absorbing materials should undertake most of the tasks. The indoor sound absorption of buildings can be solved by the use of panels, while automobiles, airplanes and other vehicles can only choose flexible and lightweight sound-absorbing materials due to internal structural reasons and light weight requirements.

Although nonwoven materials have begun to be used for sound absorption and noise reduction in the cabins of vehicles such as automobiles and airplanes, and have shown good performance, they also have limitations in the noise reduction effect of general porous materials. Since the sound absorption of porous materials mainly depends on the consumption of sound waves in the process of propagating in the material, the sound absorption effect depends on the thickness of the material. In order to obtain a good sound absorption effect, it is necessary to increase the thickness of the material. For the sound-absorbing and noise-reducing materials used as automotive interiors, the increase in material thickness will not only increase the cost, but also occupy the interior space of the car, and more importantly, it does not meet the lightweight requirements for traffic function interior materials. In addition, the sound absorption performance of porous materials is often that high frequency is better than low frequency, and the low frequency sound waves in the noise cannot be blocked by hard sound barriers such as steel plates. Difficulties in body preparation.

Contents of the invention

In view of the above technical problems, the present invention provides a preparation method of a sound-absorbing and noise-reducing composite functional material with gradually changing impedance.

The technical scheme adopted in the present invention is:

A preparation method of a composite functional material with gradient impedance sound absorption and noise reduction. The material is based on non-woven materials and is characterized in that it includes a pollution-repelling and sound-absorbing decorative layer, a gradient structure sound-absorbing functional layer, and a heat-insulating and sound-absorbing cavity layer. The pollution-repelling and sound-absorbing decorative layer is a non-woven material made of polypropylene fibers with a triangular cross-section, and the sound-absorbing functional layer with a gradient structure is a non-woven material made of modified polyester/polyacrylamide sea-island superfine fibers. The heat-insulating and sound-absorbing cavity layer is a non-woven material made of hollow polyester fibers.

The dirt-repelling and sound-absorbing decorative layer and the heat-insulating and sound-absorbing cavity layer are combined with the gradient-structure sound-absorbing functional layer through lamination processing technology.

Further technical improvements include that the processing technology of the pollution-repelling and sound-absorbing decorative layer is:

1. The polypropylene fibers with triangular cross-section are processed into needle-punched nonwoven fabrics through carding, web laying, pre-needling, main needling, suede needling and other processes to form the pollution-repelling and sound-absorbing decorative layer of sound-absorbing products.

2. Flame retardant finishing, the finishing working solution of the flame retardant finishing is: ammonium polyphosphate 90-180g/L, JHF-9 high-efficiency flame retardant 90-180g/L, hexabromocyclododecane 90-180g/L , cyclic phosphonate 90-180g/L, triethanolamine 14-18g/L, penetrant JFC 1-5g/L, trimethylolpropane 0-30g/L, anti-swimming agent AM-103 0～30g/L, softener MA-700 is 0～30g/L, 15%NaOH adjusts the pH to be 6～6.5, and the flame retardant finishing process of the padding method is: two dipping and two rolling at room temperature, rolling The liquid rate is 30-80%, then pre-baked at 90-130°C for 2-10 minutes, baked at 175-195°C for 0.5-2.5 minutes, steamed for 0.5-15 minutes, washed in cold water for 0-10 minutes, and dried.

3. Stain-repellent finishing, the finishing working solution of said stain-repellent finishing is: water-repellent and oil-repellent finishing agent 5-100g/L, sodium dodecylbenzenesulfonate 0.1-5g/L, polyacrylamide 0.1-5g/L L and sodium carboxymethylcellulose 0.1-5g/L, dimethyl dihydroxyethylene urea 10-30g/L, magnesium chloride catalyst 25-65g/L, T-dioctyl sulfosuccinate sodium salt 1-3g /L, the processing process of the dirt-repellent foam finishing is: first apply the finishing liquid foam (foam ratio 3-30, vehicle speed 5-50min/min), then pre-bake at 60-90°C for 2-10min, and finally Bake at 120-180°C for 2-15 minutes.

A further technical improvement also includes that the processing technology of the gradient structure sound-absorbing functional layer is:

1. The modified polyester/polyacrylamide sea-island superfine fiber is made into a needle-punched nonwoven fabric through carding, web laying, pre-needling, main needling, plain needling and other processes, and then chemically opened. treatment to form a gradient structure sound-absorbing functional layer.

2. Flame retardant finishing, the finishing working solution of the flame retardant finishing is: ammonium polyphosphate 90-180g/L, JHF-9 high-efficiency flame retardant 90-180g/L, hexabromocyclododecane 90-180g/L , cyclic phosphonate 90-180g/L, triethanolamine 14-18g/L, penetrant JFC 1-5g/L, trimethylolpropane 0-30g/L, anti-swimming agent AM-103 0～30g/L, softener MA-700 is 0～30g/L, 15%NaOH adjusts the pH to be 6～6.5, and the flame retardant finishing process of the padding method is: two dipping and two rolling at room temperature, rolling The liquid rate is 30-80%, then pre-baked at 90-130°C for 2-10 minutes, baked at 175-195°C for 0.5-2.5 minutes, steamed for 0.5-15 minutes, washed in cold water for 0-10 minutes, and dried

3. Gradient sound-absorbing functional structure finishing, the finishing working liquid for the gradient sound-absorbing functional structure finishing is: nanometer ferric oxide powder 5-30g/L, nano-polymer microspheres 5-30g/L, hexadecane Trimethyl ammonium chloride 10~30g/L, polyacrylamide 0.1~5g/L, sodium hexametaphosphate 1~3g/L, polyvinyl alcohol 0.1~5g/L, polyacrylic acid 0.1~5g/L, T - Dioctyl sulfosuccinate sodium salt 1-3g/L, dimethyl dihydroxyethylene urea 10-30g/L, magnesium chloride catalyst 25-65g/L, the process of finishing the gradient sound-absorbing functional structure is as follows: : First apply finishing liquid foam (foaming ratio 3-30, vehicle speed 5-50min/min), then pre-bake at 60-90°C for 2-10min, and finally bake at 120-180°C for 2-15min.

A further technical improvement also includes that the processing technology of the heat-insulating and sound-absorbing cavity layer is:

1. The hollow polyester fiber is processed into a needle-punched nonwoven fabric through carding, web laying, pre-needling, main needling, terry needling and other processes, which are used as the heat-insulating and sound-absorbing cavity layer of the product.

Flame retardant finishing, the finishing working solution of the flame retardant finishing is: ammonium polyphosphate 90-180g/L, JHF-9 high-efficiency flame retardant 90-180g/L, hexabromocyclododecane 90-180g/L, cyclo Phosphonate 90~180g/L, triethanolamine 14~18g/L, penetrant JFC 1~5g/L, trimethylolpropane 0~30g/L, anti-swimming agent AM-103 0~ 30g/L, the softener MA-700 is 0-30g/L, and 15% NaOH is used to adjust the pH to 6-6.5. The flame-retardant finishing process of the padding method is as follows: two dipping and two rolling at room temperature, the rolling rate 30-80%, then pre-baked at 90-130°C for 2-10 minutes, baked at 175-195°C for 0.5-2.5 minutes, steamed for 0.5-15 minutes, washed in cold water for 0-10 minutes, and dried

A further technical improvement also includes that the above-mentioned pollution-repelling and sound-absorbing decorative layer, the gradient structure sound-absorbing functional layer, and the heat-insulating and sound-absorbing cavity layer are combined through a lamination process.

A further technical improvement also includes that the lamination process is as follows: apply hot-melt glue on both sides of the sound-absorbing functional layer with a gradient structure, and then laminate the dirt-repelling and sound-absorbing decorative layer and the heat-insulating and sound-absorbing cavity respectively Combine on both sides, hot melt and pressurize, temperature 115～130℃, pressure 40～50Mpa, time 30～45min, cool down.

Further technical improvement also includes that the lamination processing formula is: hot melt powder 20-50g/L, particle size 0-80μm, non-ionic base slurry 40-50g/L, thickener 0-3g/L, Appropriate amount of deionized water.

The beneficial effects of the invention are: the impedance gradient sound-absorbing and noise-reducing composite functional material prepared in this research is based on non-woven materials, and is obtained through functional finishing and composite processing. The research idea is different from the sound absorption mechanism of traditional porous materials such as cloth, felt, and foam plastics, and also different from the sound resistance mechanism of the micro-perforated structure of rigid plates. The comprehensive application of porous sound absorption and resonance sound absorption mechanism breaks through the main Relying on the limitation of porous sound-absorbing mechanism to play the role of sound-absorbing materials has a good novelty, and realizes the preparation of fiber-based thin flexible sound-absorbing bodies by constructing gradient functional structures.

The invention takes advantage of the unique three-dimensional structural characteristics of nonwoven materials, improves the absorption efficiency of sound waves by constructing a gradient sound-absorbing functional structure, and obtains thin, lightweight and efficient sound-absorbing and noise-reducing materials, making it especially suitable for the interior of vehicle cabins. decorated. In addition, the construction of the gradient sound-absorbing functional structure also broadens the sound-absorbing frequency band of the product, lowers the lower limit of its sound-absorbing frequency band, and enables it to absorb more noise in the middle and low frequency bands, which improves the performance of the porous sound-absorbing body. The excellent noise reduction performance further improves the comfort of the cabin environment. Moreover, through multi-functional composite finishing, this product not only has the function of sound absorption and noise reduction, but also has the functions of flame retardancy and pollution repellency, which is more suitable for automotive interior materials. In addition, this product is a thin flexible textile fabric made of non-woven materials. In addition to the functionality of sound absorption and noise reduction as the main content, it also has a certain degree of decoration.

Description of drawings:

Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of product composition, in which 1 is a pollution-repelling and sound-absorbing decorative layer, 2 is a gradient structure sound-absorbing functional layer, and 3 is a heat-insulating and sound-absorbing cavity layer.

detailed description

Example 1

The invention discloses a process preparation method of a composite functional material for sound absorption and noise reduction with gradually changing impedance, which specifically includes the following:

The processing technology of the pollution-repelling and sound-absorbing decorative layer is as follows:

1) Process polypropylene fibers with triangular cross-sections into needle-punched nonwovens through carding, laying, pre-needling, main needling, suede needling, etc., to form a pollution-repelling and sound-absorbing decorative layer for sound-absorbing products1 ;

2) Use the padding method for flame retardant finishing, two dipping and two rolling at room temperature, the liquid rolling rate is 75%, then pre-baking at 110°C for 10 minutes, baking at 175°C for 2.5 minutes, steaming for 10 minutes, washing in cold water for 10 minutes, and drying Drying and finishing working solution: ammonium polyphosphate 120g/L, JHF-9 high-efficiency flame retardant 90g/L, hexabromocyclododecane 100g/L, cyclic phosphonate 110g/L, triethanolamine 14g/L, infiltration Agent JFC is 1g/L, trimethylolpropane is 8g/L, anti-swimming agent AM-103 is 5g/L, softener MA-700 is 10g/L, and 15% NaOH is used to adjust the pH to 6;

3) Use the foam finishing method to carry out the stain-repelling finish on the outer surface of the stain-repelling and sound-absorbing decorative layer. First, apply the finishing liquid foam (foaming ratio 12, vehicle speed 35min/min), then pre-bake at 90°C for 10min, and finally at 170°C Bake at ℃ for 3 minutes, finishing working solution: water and oil repellent finishing agent 15g/L, sodium dodecylbenzenesulfonate 2g/L, polyacrylamide 2g/L and sodium carboxymethylcellulose 2g/L, two Methyl dihydroxyethylene urea 10g/L, magnesium chloride catalyst 25g/L, T-dioctyl sulfosuccinate sodium salt 1g/L.

The processing technology of the gradient structure sound-absorbing functional layer is as follows:

1) The modified polyester/polyacrylamide sea-island superfine fiber is processed by carding, laying, pre-needling, main needling, plain needling and other processes to make needle-punched nonwovens, and then chemically open the fibers processing to form a gradient structure sound-absorbing functional layer 2;

2) Use the padding method for flame retardant finishing, two dipping and two rolling at room temperature, the liquid rolling rate is 75%, then pre-baking at 110°C for 10 minutes, baking at 175°C for 2.5 minutes, steaming for 10 minutes, washing in cold water for 10 minutes, and drying Drying and finishing working solution: ammonium polyphosphate i20g/L, JHF-9 high-efficiency flame retardant 90g/L, hexabromocyclododecane 100g/L, cyclic phosphonate 110g/L, triethanolamine 14g/L, infiltration Agent JFC is 1g/L, trimethylolpropane is 8g/L, anti-swimming agent AM-103 is 5g/L, softener MA-700 is 10g/L, and 15% NaOH is used to adjust the pH to 6;

3) Use the foam finishing method to carry out gradient sound-absorbing functional structural finishing on one side of the gradient-structured sound-absorbing functional layer. First, apply finishing liquid foam (foaming ratio 12, vehicle speed 35min/min), and then pre-bake at 90°C for 6 minutes. Finally, bake at 170°C for 3 minutes, and arrange the working solution: nanometer ferric oxide powder 30g/L, nanometer polymer microspheres 30g/L, hexadecyltrimethylammonium chloride 20g/L, polyacrylamide 3g/L, sodium hexametaphosphate 3g/L, polyvinyl alcohol 2g/L, polyacrylic acid 2g/L, T-dioctyl sulfosuccinate sodium salt 1g/L, dimethyl dihydroxyethylene urea 20g/L , magnesium chloride catalyst 25g/L.

The processing technology of heat insulation and sound absorption cavity layer is as follows:

1) Process the hollow polyester fiber into a needle-punched nonwoven fabric through carding, laying, pre-needling, main needling, terry needling, etc., as the heat-insulating and sound-absorbing cavity layer 3 of the product;

2) Use the padding method for flame retardant finishing, two dipping and two rolling at room temperature, the liquid rolling rate is 75%, then pre-baking at 110°C for 10 minutes, baking at 175°C for 2.5 minutes, steaming for 10 minutes, washing in cold water for 10 minutes, and drying Drying and finishing working solution: ammonium polyphosphate 120g/L, JHF-9 high-efficiency flame retardant 90g/L, hexabromocyclododecane 100g/L, cyclic phosphonate 110g/L, triethanolamine 14g/L, infiltration The agent JFC is 1g/L, the trimethylolpropane is 8g/L, the anti-swimming agent AM-103 is 5g/L, the softener MA-700 is 10g/L, and the pH is adjusted to 6 by 15% NaOH.

Apply hot-melt glue on both sides of the gradient structure sound-absorbing functional layer, and then laminate the dirt-repellent sound-absorbing decorative layer and the heat-insulating sound-absorbing cavity layer on both sides, hot-melt and pressurize at a temperature of 120°C and a pressure of 45Mpa , time 40min, cooling; the formula of molten slurry is: hot melt powder 50g/L, particle size 60μm, non-ionic base slurry 40g/L, thickener 2g/L, deionized water amount.

Example 2

The invention discloses a process preparation method of a composite functional material for sound absorption and noise reduction with gradually changing impedance, which specifically includes the following:

The processing technology of the pollution-repelling and sound-absorbing decorative layer is as follows:

1) Process polypropylene fibers with triangular cross-sections into needle-punched nonwovens through carding, laying, pre-needling, main needling, suede needling, etc., to form a pollution-repelling and sound-absorbing decorative layer for sound-absorbing products1 ;

2) Use the padding method for flame retardant finishing, two dipping and two rolling at room temperature, the liquid rolling rate is 70%, then pre-baking at 130°C for 6 minutes, baking at 185°C for 1 minute, steaming for 12 minutes, washing in cold water for 10 minutes, and drying , Finishing working solution: ammonium polyphosphate 100g/L, JHF-9 high-efficiency flame retardant 130g/L, hexabromocyclododecane 120g/L, cyclic phosphonate 150g/L, triethanolamine 18g/L, penetrant JFC is 3g/L, trimethylolpropane is 0g/L, anti-swimming agent AM-103 is 10g/L, softener MA-700 is 20g/L, and 15% NaOH is used to adjust the pH to 6;

3) Use the foam finishing method to carry out the stain-repelling finish on the outer surface of the stain-repelling and sound-absorbing decorative layer. First, apply the finishing liquid foam (foaming ratio 15, vehicle speed 30min/min), then pre-bake at 80°C for 10min, and finally at 160°C Bake at ℃ for 5 minutes, finishing working solution: water and oil repellent finishing agent 25g/L, sodium dodecylbenzenesulfonate 3g/L, polyacrylamide 2g/L and sodium carboxymethylcellulose 1g/L, two Methyl dihydroxyethylene urea 20g/L, magnesium chloride catalyst 30g/L, T-dioctyl sulfosuccinate sodium salt 3g/L.

The processing technology of the gradient structure sound-absorbing functional layer is as follows:

1) The modified polyester/polyacrylamide sea-island superfine fiber is processed by carding, laying, pre-needling, main needling, plain needling and other processes to make needle-punched nonwovens, and then chemically open the fibers processing to form a gradient structure sound-absorbing functional layer 2;

2) Use the padding method for flame retardant finishing, two dipping and two rolling at room temperature, the liquid rolling rate is 70%, then pre-baking at 130°C for 6 minutes, baking at 185°C for 1 minute, steaming for 12 minutes, washing in cold water for 10 minutes, and drying , Finishing working solution: ammonium polyphosphate 100g/L, JHF-9 high-efficiency flame retardant 130g/L, hexabromocyclododecane 120g/L, cyclic phosphonate 150g/L, triethanolamine 18g/L, penetrant JFC is 3g/L, trimethylolpropane is 0g/L, anti-swimming agent AM-103 is 10g/L, softener MA-700 is 20g/L, and 15% NaOH is used to adjust the pH to 6;

3) Use the foam finishing method to carry out gradient sound-absorbing functional structural finishing on one side of the gradient-structure sound-absorbing functional layer. First, apply finishing liquid foam (foaming ratio 20, vehicle speed 30min/min), and then pre-bake at 80°C for 10 minutes. Finally, bake at 180°C for 2 minutes, and arrange the working solution: 30g/L of nanometer ferric oxide powder, 20g/L of nanometer polymer microspheres, 25g/L of hexadecyltrimethylammonium chloride, polyacrylamide 3g/L, sodium hexametaphosphate 2.5g/L, polyvinyl alcohol 2g/L, polyacrylic acid 1g/L, T-dioctyl sulfosuccinate sodium salt 3g/L, dimethyl dihydroxyethylene urea 30g/L L, magnesium chloride catalyst 35g/L.

The processing technology of heat insulation and sound absorption cavity is as follows:

1) The hollow polyester fiber is processed into a needle-punched nonwoven fabric through carding, web laying, pre-needling, main needling, terry needling and other processes, which are used as the heat-insulating and sound-absorbing cavity 3 of the product;

2) Use the padding method for flame retardant finishing, two dipping and two rolling at room temperature, the liquid rolling rate is 70%, then pre-baking at 130°C for 6 minutes, baking at 185°C for 1 minute, steaming for 12 minutes, washing in cold water for 10 minutes, and drying , Finishing working solution: ammonium polyphosphate 100g/L, JHF-9 high-efficiency flame retardant 130g/L, hexabromocyclododecane 120g/L, cyclic phosphonate 150g/L, triethanolamine 18g/L, penetrant JFC is 3g/L, trimethylolpropane is 0g/L, anti-swimming agent AM-103 is 10g/L, softener MA-700 is 20g/L, and 15% NaOH is used to adjust the pH to 6.

Apply hot-melt glue on both sides of the gradient structure sound-absorbing functional layer, and then laminate the dirt-repellent sound-absorbing decorative layer and the heat-insulating sound-absorbing cavity layer on both sides, hot-melt and pressurize at a temperature of 120°C and a pressure of 45Mpa , time 40min, cooling; the formula of molten slurry is: hot melt powder 50g/L, particle size 60μm, non-ionic base slurry 40g/L, thickener 2g/L, deionized water amount.

Example 3

The invention discloses a process preparation method of a composite functional material for sound absorption and noise reduction with gradually changing impedance, which specifically includes the following:

The processing technology of the pollution-repelling and sound-absorbing decorative layer is as follows:

1) Process polypropylene fibers with triangular cross-sections into needle-punched nonwovens through carding, laying, pre-needling, main needling, suede needling, etc., to form a pollution-repelling and sound-absorbing decorative layer for sound-absorbing products1 ;

2) Use the padding method for flame retardant finishing, two dipping and two rolling at room temperature, the liquid rolling rate is 65%, then pre-baking at 100°C for 10 minutes, baking at 195°C for 0.5 minutes, steaming for 8 minutes, washing in cold water for 10 minutes, and drying Drying and finishing working solution: ammonium polyphosphate 120g/L, JHF-9 high-efficiency flame retardant 120g/L, hexabromocyclododecane 120g/L, cyclic phosphonate 120g/L, triethanolamine 15g/L, infiltration Agent JFC is 2g/L, trimethylolpropane is 12g/L, anti-swimming agent AM-103 is 12g/L, softener MA-700 is 12g/L, and 15% NaOH is used to adjust the pH to 6;

3) Use the foam finishing method to carry out the stain-repelling finish on the outer surface of the stain-repelling and sound-absorbing decorative layer. First, apply the finishing liquid foam (foaming ratio 10, vehicle speed 20min/min), then pre-bake at 85°C for 10min, and finally at 175°C Bake at ℃ for 4 minutes, finishing working solution: water and oil repellent finishing agent 20g/L, sodium dodecylbenzenesulfonate 3g/L, polyacrylamide 3g/L and sodium carboxymethylcellulose 3g/L, two Methyl dihydroxyethylene urea 15g/L, magnesium chloride catalyst 30g/L, T-dioctyl sulfosuccinate sodium salt 2g/L.

The processing technology of the gradient structure sound-absorbing functional layer is as follows:

1) The modified polyester/polyacrylamide sea-island superfine fiber is processed by carding, laying, pre-needling, main needling, plain needling and other processes to make needle-punched nonwovens, and then chemically open the fibers processing to form a gradient structure sound-absorbing functional layer 2;

2) Use the padding method for flame retardant finishing, two dipping and two rolling at room temperature, the liquid rolling rate is 65%, then pre-baking at 100°C for 10 minutes, baking at 195°C for 0.5 minutes, steaming for 8 minutes, washing in cold water for 10 minutes, and drying Drying and finishing working solution: ammonium polyphosphate 120g/L, JHF-9 high-efficiency flame retardant 120g/L, hexabromocyclododecane 120g/L, cyclic phosphonate 120g/L, triethanolamine 15g/L, infiltration Agent JFC is 2g/L, trimethylolpropane is 12g/L, anti-swimming agent AM-103 is 12g/L, softener MA-700 is 12g/L, and 15% NaOH is used to adjust the pH to 6;

3) Use the foam finishing method to carry out gradient sound-absorbing functional structural finishing on one side of the gradient-structure sound-absorbing functional layer. First, apply finishing liquid foam (foaming ratio 10, vehicle speed 20min/min), and then pre-bake at 85°C for 8 minutes. Finally, it was baked at 175°C for 4 minutes, and the working liquid was sorted: 25g/L of nanometer ferric oxide powder, 30g/L of nanometer polymer microspheres, 25g/L of hexadecyltrimethylammonium chloride, polyacrylamide 2.5g/L, sodium hexametaphosphate 2.5g/L, polyvinyl alcohol 3g/L, polyacrylic acid 3g/L, T-dioctyl sulfosuccinate sodium salt 2g/L, dimethyl dihydroxyethylene urea 15g /L, magnesium chloride catalyst 30g/L.

The processing technology of heat insulation and sound absorption cavity layer is as follows:

1) Process the hollow polyester fiber into a needle-punched nonwoven fabric through carding, laying, pre-needling, main needling, terry needling, etc., as the heat-insulating and sound-absorbing cavity layer 3 of the product;

2) Use the padding method for flame retardant finishing, two dipping and two rolling at room temperature, the liquid rolling rate is 65%, then pre-baking at 100°C for 10 minutes, baking at 195°C for 0.5 minutes, steaming for 8 minutes, washing in cold water for 10 minutes, and drying Drying and finishing working solution: ammonium polyphosphate 120g/L, JHF-9 high-efficiency flame retardant 120g/L, hexabromocyclododecane 120g/L, cyclic phosphonate 120g/L, triethanolamine 15g/L, infiltration Agent JFC is 2g/L, trimethylolpropane is 12g/L, anti-swimming agent AM-103 is 12g/L, softener MA-700 is 12g/L, and 15% NaOH is used to adjust the pH to 6;

Apply hot-melt glue on both sides of the gradient structure sound-absorbing functional layer, and then laminate the dirt-repellent sound-absorbing decorative layer and the heat-insulating sound-absorbing cavity layer on both sides, hot-melt and pressurize at a temperature of 120°C and a pressure of 45Mpa , time 40min, cooling; the formula of molten slurry is: hot melt powder 50g/L, particle size 60μm, non-ionic base slurry 40g/L, thickener 2g/L, deionized water amount.

Example 4

The invention discloses a process preparation method of a composite functional material for sound absorption and noise reduction with gradually changing impedance, which specifically includes the following:

The processing technology of the pollution-repelling and sound-absorbing decorative layer is as follows:

1) Process polypropylene fibers with triangular cross-sections into needle-punched nonwovens through carding, laying, pre-needling, main needling, suede needling, etc., to form a pollution-repelling and sound-absorbing decorative layer for sound-absorbing products1 ;

2) Use the padding method for flame retardant finishing, two dipping and two rolling at room temperature, the liquid rolling rate is 80%, then pre-baking at 120°C for 8 minutes, baking at 185°C for 2 minutes, steaming for 14 minutes, washing in cold water for 10 minutes, and drying , Finishing working solution: ammonium polyphosphate 130g/L, JHF-9 high-efficiency flame retardant 150g/L, hexabromocyclododecane 120g/L, cyclic phosphonate 100g/L, triethanolamine 16g/L, penetrant JFC is 3g/L, trimethylolpropane is 1g/L, anti-swimming agent AM-103 is 12g/L, softener MA-700 is 18g/L, and 15% NaOH is used to adjust the pH to 6;

3) Use the foam finishing method to carry out the stain repelling finish on the outer surface of the stain-repelling and sound-absorbing decorative layer. First, apply the finishing liquid foam (foaming ratio 30, vehicle speed 40min/min), then pre-bake at 90°C for 5min, and finally at 150°C Bake at ℃ for 15 minutes, finishing working solution: water and oil repellent finishing agent 35g/L, sodium dodecylbenzenesulfonate 3g/L, polyacrylamide 4g/L and sodium carboxymethylcellulose 5g/L, two Methyl dihydroxyethylene urea 30g/L, magnesium chloride catalyst 40g/L, T-dioctyl sulfosuccinate sodium salt 2g/L.

The processing technology of the gradient structure sound-absorbing functional layer is as follows:

1) The modified polyester/polyacrylamide sea-island superfine fiber is processed by carding, laying, pre-needling, main needling, plain needling and other processes to make needle-punched nonwovens, and then chemically open the fibers processing to form a gradient structure sound-absorbing functional layer 2;

2) Use the padding method for flame retardant finishing, two dipping and two rolling at room temperature, the liquid rolling rate is 80%, then pre-baking at 120°C for 8 minutes, baking at 185°C for 2 minutes, steaming for 14 minutes, washing in cold water for 10 minutes, and drying , Finishing working solution: ammonium polyphosphate 130g/L, JHF-9 high-efficiency flame retardant 150g/L, hexabromocyclododecane 120g/L, cyclic phosphonate 100g/L, triethanolamine 16g/L, penetrant JFC is 3g/L, trimethylolpropane is 1g/L, anti-swimming agent AM-103 is 12g/L, softener MA-700 is 18g/L, and 15% NaOH is used to adjust the pH to 6;

3) Use the foam finishing method to carry out gradient sound-absorbing functional structural finishing on one side of the gradient-structure sound-absorbing functional layer. First, apply finishing liquid foam (foaming ratio 30, vehicle speed 40min/min), and then pre-bake at 90°C for 5 minutes. Finally, bake at 150°C for 15 minutes, and arrange the working solution: nanometer ferric oxide powder 20g/L, nanometer polymer microspheres 25g/L, hexadecyltrimethylammonium chloride 30g/L, polyacrylamide 4g/L, sodium hexametaphosphate 3g/L, polyvinyl alcohol 2g/L, polyacrylic acid 2g/L, T-dioctyl sulfosuccinate sodium salt 2g/L, dimethyl dihydroxyethylene urea 18g/L , magnesium chloride catalyst 42g/L.

The processing technology of heat insulation and sound absorption cavity is as follows:

1) The hollow polyester fiber is processed into a needle-punched nonwoven fabric through carding, web laying, pre-needling, main needling, terry needling and other processes, which are used as the heat-insulating and sound-absorbing cavity 3 of the product;

2) Use the padding method for flame retardant finishing, two dipping and two rolling at room temperature, the liquid rolling rate is 80%, then pre-baking at 120°C for 8 minutes, baking at 185°C for 2 minutes, steaming for 14 minutes, washing in cold water for 10 minutes, and drying , Finishing working solution: ammonium polyphosphate 130g/L, JHF-9 high-efficiency flame retardant 150g/L, hexabromocyclododecane 120g/L, cyclic phosphonate 100g/L, triethanolamine 16g/L, penetrant JFC is 3g/L, trimethylolpropane is 1g/L, anti-swimming agent AM-103 is 12g/L, softener MA-700 is 18g/L, and 15% NaOH is used to adjust the pH to 6;

Apply hot-melt glue on both sides of the gradient structure sound-absorbing functional layer, and then laminate the dirt-repellent sound-absorbing decorative layer and the heat-insulating sound-absorbing cavity layer on both sides, hot-melt and pressurize at a temperature of 120°C and a pressure of 45Mpa , time 40min, cooling; the formula of molten slurry is: hot melt powder 50g/L, particle size 60μm, non-ionic base slurry 40g/L, thickener 2g/L, deionized water amount.

Example 5

The invention discloses a process preparation method of a composite functional material for sound absorption and noise reduction with gradually changing impedance, which specifically includes the following:

The processing technology of the pollution-repelling and sound-absorbing decorative layer is as follows:

1) Process polypropylene fibers with triangular cross-sections into needle-punched nonwovens through carding, laying, pre-needling, main needling, suede needling, etc., to form a pollution-repelling and sound-absorbing decorative layer for sound-absorbing products1 ;

2) Use the padding method for flame retardant finishing, two dipping and two rolling at room temperature, the liquid rolling rate is 75%, then pre-baking at 110°C for 10 minutes, baking at 175°C for 2.5 minutes, steaming for 10 minutes, washing in cold water for 10 minutes, and drying Drying and finishing working solution: ammonium polyphosphate 120g/L, JHF-9 high-efficiency flame retardant 90g/L, hexabromocyclododecane 100g/L, cyclic phosphonate 110g/L, triethanolamine 14g/L, infiltration Agent JFC is 1g/L, trimethylolpropane is 8g/L, anti-swimming agent AM-103 is 5g/L, softener MA-700 is 10g/L, and 15% NaOH is used to adjust the pH to 6;

3) Use the foam finishing method to carry out the stain-repelling finish on the outer surface of the stain-repelling and sound-absorbing decorative layer. First, apply the finishing liquid foam (foaming ratio 12, vehicle speed 35min/min), then pre-bake at 90°C for 10min, and finally at 170°C Bake at ℃ for 3 minutes, finishing working solution: water and oil repellent finishing agent 15g/L, sodium dodecylbenzenesulfonate 2g/L, polyacrylamide 2g/L and sodium carboxymethylcellulose 2g/L, two Methyl dihydroxyethylene urea 10g/L, magnesium chloride catalyst 25g/L, T-dioctyl sulfosuccinate sodium salt 1g/L.

The processing technology of the gradient structure sound-absorbing functional layer is as follows:

1) The modified polyester/polyacrylamide sea-island superfine fiber is processed by carding, laying, pre-needling, main needling, plain needling and other processes to make needle-punched nonwovens, and then chemically open the fibers processing to form a gradient structure sound-absorbing functional layer 2;

2) Use the padding method for flame retardant finishing, two dipping and two rolling at room temperature, the liquid rolling rate is 75%, then pre-baking at 110°C for 10 minutes, baking at 175°C for 2.5 minutes, steaming for 10 minutes, washing in cold water for 10 minutes, and drying Drying and finishing working solution: ammonium polyphosphate 120g/L, JHF-9 high-efficiency flame retardant 90g/L, hexabromocyclododecane 100g/L, cyclic phosphonate 110g/L, triethanolamine 14g/L, infiltration Agent JFC is 1g/L, trimethylolpropane is 8g/L, anti-swimming agent AM-103 is 5g/L, softener MA-700 is 10g/L, and 15% NaOH is used to adjust the pH to 6;

3) Use the foam finishing method to carry out gradient sound-absorbing functional structural finishing on one side of the gradient-structured sound-absorbing functional layer. First, apply finishing liquid foam (foaming ratio 12, vehicle speed 35min/min), and then pre-bake at 90°C for 6 minutes. Finally, bake at 170°C for 3 minutes, and arrange the working solution: nanometer ferric oxide powder 30g/L, nanometer polymer microspheres 30g/L, hexadecyltrimethylammonium chloride 20g/L, polyacrylamide 3g/L, sodium hexametaphosphate 3g/L, polyvinyl alcohol 2g/L, polyacrylic acid 2g/L, T-dioctyl sulfosuccinate sodium salt 1g/L, dimethyl dihydroxyethylene urea 20g/L , magnesium chloride catalyst 25g/L.

The processing technology of heat insulation and sound absorption cavity layer is as follows:

1) Process the hollow polyester fiber into a needle-punched nonwoven fabric through carding, laying, pre-needling, main needling, terry needling, etc., as the heat-insulating and sound-absorbing cavity layer 3 of the product;

2) Use the padding method for flame retardant finishing, two dipping and two rolling at room temperature, the liquid rolling rate is 75%, then pre-baking at 110°C for 10 minutes, baking at 175°C for 2.5 minutes, steaming for 10 minutes, washing in cold water for 10 minutes, and drying Drying and finishing working solution: ammonium polyphosphate 120g/L, JHF-9 high-efficiency flame retardant 90g/L, hexabromocyclododecane 100g/L, cyclic phosphonate 110g/L, triethanolamine 14g/L, infiltration The agent JFC is 1g/L, the trimethylolpropane is 8g/L, the anti-swimming agent AM-103 is 5g/L, the softener MA-700 is 10g/L, and the pH is adjusted to 6 by 15% NaOH.

Apply hot-melt glue on both sides of the gradient structure sound-absorbing functional layer, and then laminate the dirt-repelling sound-absorbing decorative layer and the heat-insulating sound-absorbing cavity layer on both sides, hot-melt and pressurize at a temperature of 115°C and a pressure of 50Mpa , time 45min, cooling; the formula of molten slurry is: hot melt powder 45g/L, particle size 55μm, non-ionic base slurry 42g/L, thickener 3g/L, deionized water amount.

Claims (2)

1. A preparation method of a sound-absorbing and noise-reducing composite functional material with gradually changing impedance, characterized in that it comprises a dirt-repelling and sound-absorbing decorative layer, a gradient structure sound-absorbing functional layer, and a heat-insulating and sound-absorbing cavity layer, and the dirt-repelling and sound-absorbing decoration The layer is a non-woven material made of polypropylene fiber with a triangular cross-section, which is formed by flame-retardant finishing and surface pollution-repellent finishing. The material is formed through flame-retardant finishing and single-sided gradient sound-absorbing functional structure finishing. The heat-insulating and sound-absorbing cavity layer is a non-woven material made of hollow polyester fiber and is formed through flame-retardant finishing. The dirt-repelling and sound-absorbing decorative layer The thermal insulation and sound absorption cavity layer is combined with the gradient structure sound absorption function layer through lamination processing technology. 2. The preparation method of a kind of impedance gradient sound-absorbing and noise-reducing composite functional material according to claim 1, characterized in that the processing technology of the gradient structure sound-absorbing functional layer is: Finishing working solution: nano-Fe2O3 powder 5-30g/L, nano-polymer microspheres 5-30g/L, hexadecyltrimethylammonium chloride 10-30g/L, polyacrylamide 0.1-5g /L, sodium hexametaphosphate 1~3g/L, polyvinyl alcohol 0.1~5g/L, polyacrylic acid 0.1~5g/L, T-dioctyl sulfosuccinate sodium salt 1~3g/L, dimethyl Dihydroxyethylene urea 10-30g/L, magnesium chloride catalyst 25-65g/L. The finishing process is as follows: first apply the finishing liquid foam (foaming ratio 3-30, vehicle speed 5-50min/min), then pre-bake at 60-90°C for 2-10min, and finally bake at 120-180°C for 2 minutes ~15min.