CN106614408A - Indoor raising method for bean aphids - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses a method for indoor propagation of bean aphid, which comprises raising red bean seedlings and multiplying bean aphids. The red bean seedling raising includes preparation of bean seed soaking liquid, bean seed soaking, germination acceleration, seedling raising and other steps. The propagation of soybean aphid includes steps such as the inoculation of soybean aphid, the propagation of soybean aphid of provenance, and the propagation of soybean aphid for breeding natural enemies. The method used in the present invention has low requirements on temperature, humidity and light, and uses fiber cloth as a seedling substrate when raising seedlings, which greatly saves time, seedling raising and seedling management costs, and has good economic and social benefits.

Description

A kind of indoor rearing method of bean aphid

technical field

The invention belongs to the technical field of biological control of agricultural and forestry pests, and relates to a method for breeding natural enemy hosts, in particular to an indoor breeding method for bean aphids.

Background technique

The first key problem to be solved in the large-scale production of natural enemies of aphids such as ladybugs and hoverflies is the indoor reproduction technology of natural enemies of aphids. Bean aphid Aphis craccivora Koch, also known as alfalfa aphid and peanut aphid, is a kind of aphid with fast growth and reproduction and wide temperature adaptability. It is currently the most widely used host for the reproduction of natural enemies of aphids. Aphidoletes sp (Beijing Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences), breeding Heterochromia by feeding bean aphids with broad beans (Hubei Tobacco Company), breeding bean aphids with broad bean seedlings and breeding Aphidoletes (Yunnan Tobacco Company), etc. The methods have obtained national patents. It can be seen from the above-mentioned patent that broad bean is the most commonly used host for breeding bean aphid. However, broad beans are large and are not easy to cultivate without soil. Propagation of bean seedlings requires a large amount of seedling substrate, and the period from broad bean seeds to bean aphids to be used by natural enemies is long, reaching about 30 days. The management cost of bean sprouts. In addition, the planting areas of broad beans are mainly in the north, and it is not easy to obtain them in the south. This kind of technology is subject to many restrictions in the south. Therefore, it is necessary to screen out a method for breeding bean aphids that is simpler, wider in scope and lower in cost.

Contents of the invention

The purpose of the present invention is to overcome the deficiencies existing in the bean aphid breeding method at the present stage, and provide an indoor breeding method of the bean aphid with simpler operation, wider adaptability and lower cost.

In order to achieve the above object, the technical scheme adopted in the present invention is as follows:

A kind of indoor rearing method of bean aphid, concrete operation steps are:

(1) Cultivation of bean sprouts

①Preparation of bean seed soaking solution: Measure an appropriate amount of sterile water, weigh a certain amount of drug A, pour it into sterile water and stir evenly;

② Soaking of bean seeds: after purchasing bean seeds on the market, put the bean seeds in a plastic basin, spread them flat, pour in the soaking liquid, the water level is 2cm higher than the bean seeds, and the soaking time is 12h; the size of the plastic basin is , selected according to the number of soaked beans;

③Germination of bean seeds: Take out the soaked bean seeds, drain the water, put them together with the plastic basin containing the bean seeds into a plastic film bag, seal, and the germination time is 2-3 days, until the bean seeds grow 3mm Take out the left and right roots; put the soaking solution in a plastic washing bottle for later use;

④ Cultivation of bean seedlings: Put the seedling raising material soaked in water at the bottom of the seedling raising container 1, cut the seedling raising material according to the shape and size of the bottom of the container before putting it in, and then spread the bean seeds on the seedling raising material, the individual bean seeds Do not overlap between them; after paving, put the seedling containers overlapping, press a weight of about 500g on the top seedling container, adjust the order of the container up and down every day, until 0.5cm long shoots grow, Remove the heavy objects, and place the seedling-raising containers horizontally on the test bench; when the shoots grow to 3 ± 0.5cm, the bean aphid can be inoculated; after 10 days of cultivation, use the seedling-raising container 2 to grow seedlings according to the method of the above-mentioned seedling-raising container 1, The number of seedlings raised in container 2 is 5 times that of container 1.

(2) Inoculation of bean aphid

Collect bean aphids from leguminous plants and bring them back to the room, move them into the seedling container 1 with a shoot length of 3 ± 0.5 cm, and place them on the seedling materials;

(3) Propagation of the provenance bean aphid

When the bean sprouts in the seedling container 1 are covered with bean aphids, cut the bean sprouts into small sections, with 50±5 aphids in each section, and move the bean sprouts with aphids into newly cultivated seedlings with a length of 3±0.5cm In container 1, 500 ± 5 bean aphids were moved into each seedling container 1;

(4) Proliferation of bean aphids for breeding natural enemies

When the bean seedlings in seedling container 1 in the propagation of step (3) seedling bean aphid are covered with bean aphid, put a bracket in seedling container 2, put seedling container 1 on the frame, and take out the seedlings after 1 day The container 1 and the support were placed in a new seedling-raising container 2, repeated 5 times, and the bean aphid used as a natural enemy was obtained by breeding in the seedling-raising container 2.

Further, the drug A is gibberellin, and the prepared soaking solution has a concentration of 0.5 mg/L.

Further, the bean species is red bean.

Further, the seedling-raising container 1 is a plastic pot with Φ=10cm and H=10cm; the seedling-raising container 2 is a plastic pot with Φ≥20cm and H=10cm.

Further, the seedling raising material is bamboo fiber cloth with specifications of W=25cm and H=25cm.

Further, the bracket is a stainless steel frame with a specification of Φ=9cm and H=4cm.

Advantage and positive effect of the inventive method:

1. Using this method to reproduce aphids does not require high temperature and humidity, nor does it require high light, and does not require additional light sources, which reduces management costs;

2. This method selects red bean instead of broad bean, because red bean has a wider planting range than broad bean in my country, is easier to obtain, and has neat emergence.

3. This method uses fiber cloth as the medium for seedling cultivation, which is suitable for the use of red bean as a small bean-type bean seedling, and can save soybean-type bean species such as broad bean seedlings, which must use a large amount of seedling substrates, saving seedling raising costs;

4. The method utilizes the excessive growth principle of plant seeds under weak light conditions and the rational use of auxin, thereby controlling the growth height of the red bean seedlings.

5, the red bean used in this method can be inoculated with aphids from sowing, it only needs 4d time, and it only needs 6d from inoculation of aphids to bean seedlings covered with aphids, which saves more than half of the time of breeding aphids with broad bean seedlings, and has a comparative advantage. Good economic and social benefits.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1: is the schematic flow chart of the indoor rearing method of a kind of bean aphid of the present invention.

Fig. 2: It is a schematic diagram of combination of inoculation source containers for bean aphid propagation in the present invention.

Figure 2 marks: 1-seedling-raising container 1; 2-seedling-raising container 2; 3-stainless steel frame.

detailed description

The method of the present invention is described in further detail below through examples, but it should be understood that the present invention is not limited by these contents.

Example 1:

A kind of indoor rearing method of bean aphid, concrete operation steps are:

(1) Cultivation of bean sprouts

①Preparation of bean seed soaking solution: Measure an appropriate amount of sterile water, weigh the drug A gibberellin, pour it into sterile water and stir evenly, and prepare a soaking solution with a concentration of 0.5 mg/L;

2. Soaking of bean seeds: after purchasing red bean seeds on the market, put the red bean into a plastic basin, flatten it, pour in the soaking liquid, the water level is 2cm higher than the bean seeds, and the soaking time is 12h; the plastic basin The size is selected according to the number of soaked beans;

③ Germination of bean seeds: Take out the soaked red bean seeds, drain the water, put them together with the plastic basin containing red bean seeds into a plastic film bag, seal the seal, and the germination time is 2 days until the bean seeds are red Take out the adzuki bean when it grows a root of about 3mm; put the soaking solution in a plastic washing bottle for later use;

4. the cultivation of bean seedlings: at Φ=10cm, the bottom of the plastic pot seedling-raising container 1 of H=10cm is put into soaking water, and specification is W=25cm, the bamboo fiber cloth seedling-raising material of H=25cm, before putting into, the seedling-raising material according to Cut the shape and size of the bottom of the container, and then spread the red bean seeds on the bamboo fiber cloth seedling material, so that the individual bean seeds do not overlap; Press a weight of about 500g, adjust the up and down sequence of the container every day, until 0.5cm long sprouts grow, remove the weight, and place the seedling raising containers on the test bench; when the red bean sprouts grow to Bean aphid can be inoculated when 3±0.5cm; after 10 days of cultivation, use Φ=40cm, H=10cm plastic pot seedling container 2 to raise seedlings according to the method of seedling container 1 above, and the number of seedlings raised in container 2 is 5 times that of container 1. times.

(2) Inoculation of bean aphid

Collect bean aphids on the leguminous plants and bring them back to the room, move them into the seedling container 1 with a red bean sprout length of 3 ± 0.5 cm, and place them on the seedling materials;

(3) Propagation of the provenance bean aphid

When the red bean seedlings in the seedling raising container are covered with bean aphids, cut the red bean seedlings into small sections, each section has 50 ± 5 aphids, and move the red bean sprouts with aphids into the newly cultivated red bean sprouts. In the seedling container 1 with a bud length of 3 ± 0.5 cm, 500 ± 5 bean aphids were moved into each seedling container 1;

(4) Proliferation of bean aphids for breeding natural enemies

When the bean aphids are covered with red bean seedlings in seedling container 1 in the expansion and propagation of step (3) seedling bean aphid, put a stainless steel bracket with a specification of Φ=9cm and H=4cm in the seedling cultivation container 2, and raise the seedlings Container 1 was placed on the support, and 1 day later, the container 1 and the stainless steel support were taken out and placed in a new container 2 for seedling cultivation, and repeated 5 times, and the bean aphid used for natural enemies was obtained by raising the container 2 for seedling cultivation.

Example 2:

A kind of indoor rearing method of bean aphid, concrete operation steps are:

(1) Cultivation of bean sprouts

①Preparation of bean seed soaking solution: Measure an appropriate amount of sterile water, weigh the drug A gibberellin, pour it into sterile water and stir evenly, and prepare a soaking solution with a concentration of 0.5 mg/L;

2. Soaking of bean seeds: after purchasing red bean seeds on the market, put the red bean into a plastic basin, flatten it, pour in the soaking liquid, the water level is 2cm higher than the bean seeds, and the soaking time is 12h; the plastic basin The size is selected according to the number of soaked beans;

③ Germination of bean seeds: Take out the soaked red bean seeds, drain the water, put them together with the plastic basin containing red bean seeds into a plastic film bag, seal the seal, and the germination time is 3 days until the bean seeds are red Take out the adzuki bean when it grows a root of about 3mm; put the soaking solution in a plastic washing bottle for later use;

4. the cultivation of bean seedlings: at Φ=10cm, the bottom of the plastic pot seedling-raising container 1 of H=10cm is put into soaking water, and specification is W=25cm, the bamboo fiber cloth seedling-raising material of H=25cm, before putting into, the seedling-raising material according to Cut the shape and size of the bottom of the container, and then spread the red bean seeds on the bamboo fiber cloth seedling material, so that the individual bean seeds do not overlap; Press a weight of about 500g, adjust the up and down sequence of the container every day, until 0.5cm long sprouts grow, remove the weight, and place the seedling raising containers on the test bench; when the red bean sprouts grow to Bean aphids can be inoculated at 3±0.2cm; after 10 days of cultivation, use the plastic pot seedling container 2 with Φ=30cm, H=10cm to raise seedlings according to the method of the above-mentioned seedling container 1, and the number of seedlings raised in the seedling container 2 is 3 times that of the container 1. times.

(2) Inoculation of bean aphid

Collect bean aphids on leguminous plants and bring them back to the room, move them into the seedling container 1 with a red bean sprout length of 3 ± 0.2 cm, and place them on the seedling material;

(3) Propagation of the provenance bean aphid

When the red bean seedlings in the seedling raising container are covered with bean aphids, cut the red bean seedlings into small sections, each section has 50 ± 5 aphids, and move the red bean sprouts with aphids into the newly cultivated red bean sprouts. In the seedling container 1 with a bud length of 3 ± 0.2 cm, 500 ± 2 bean aphids were moved into each seedling container 1;

(4) Proliferation of bean aphids for breeding natural enemies

When the bean aphids are covered with red bean seedlings in seedling container 1 in the expansion and propagation of step (3) seedling bean aphid, put a stainless steel bracket with a specification of Φ=9cm and H=4cm in the seedling cultivation container 2, and raise the seedlings Container 1 was placed on the support, and 1 day later, the container 1 and the stainless steel support were taken out and placed in a new container 2 for seedling cultivation, and repeated 5 times, and the bean aphid used for natural enemies was obtained by raising the container 2 for seedling cultivation.

Claims (6)

1. a kind of indoor feeding method of bean aphid, it is characterised in that：Concrete operation step is：

（1）The cultivation of bean seedlings

1. the preparation of bean kind soak：Appropriate sterilized water is measured, a certain amount of medicament A is weighed, is poured in sterilized water and is stirred；

2. the immersion of bean kind：After bean kind is buied on market, bean kind is put in plastic tub, is shakeout, pour soak into, water level is higher than Bean kind 2cm, soak time is 12h；The size of described plastic tub, chooses according to the bean kind quantity of immersion；

3. the accelerating germination of bean kind：Soaked bean kind is pulled out, is drained away the water, be together put into plastics together with the plastic tub for containing bean kind thin In film bag, sealing, germination time is 2-3 days, until bean kind is taken out when growing the root of 3mm or so；Soak is filled with plastic squeeze bottle It is good standby；

4. the cultivation of bean seedlings：The nursery material for being impregnated with moisture is put in the bottom of container for plant growth 1, be put into before by nursery material according to The shapes and sizes of container bottom carry out cutting, then bean kind is paved with nursery material, do not overlap between bean kind individuality；Complete Afterwards, container for plant growth is overlapped and is placed, the weight of a 500g or so is pressed on the container for plant growth of top, container is adjusted daily Up and down order, until when the tender shoots for having 0.5cm length grows, removing weight, container for plant growth flat raft is placed in laboratory table；When Bean aphid is inoculated with by when tender shoots grows to 3 ± 0.5cm；After cultivating 10d, with container for plant growth 2, educate by the method for above-mentioned container for plant growth 1 Seedling, the quantity of the nursery of container for plant growth 2 is 5 times of container 1；

（2）The inoculation of bean aphid

Bean aphid is gathered on leguminous plant and takes back interior, in moving into the container for plant growth 1 of tender shoots 3 ± 0.5cm of length, be placed in nursery material It is upper；

（3）The expanding propagation of introduces a collection bean aphid

When covering with bean aphid in container for plant growth 1 bean seedlings, bean seedlings are cut into into segment, per section has aphid 50 ± 5, there will be aphid Bean seedlings section move in the new container for plant growth 1 for cultivating tender shoots 3 ± 0.5cm of length, per container for plant growth 1 in move into bean aphid 500 ± 5；

（4）For breeding the bean aphid expanding propagation of natural enemy

Treat step（3）When covering with bean aphid on 1 bean seedlings in container for plant growth in the expanding propagation of introduces a collection bean aphid, it is put in container for plant growth 2 Support, in container for plant growth 1 is placed on support, 1 is taken out in container for plant growth after 1 day and is placed in new container for plant growth 2, weight It is multiple 5 times, the bean aphid obtained for natural enemy is raised in container for plant growth 2.

2. the indoor feeding method of a kind of bean aphid according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：Described medicament A is red mould Element, the soak concentration of preparation is 0.5mg/L.

3. the indoor feeding method of a kind of bean aphid according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：Described bean kind is red little Bean.

4. according to a kind of indoor feeding method of the bean aphid described in claim 1, it is characterised in that：Described container for plant growth 1 be Φ= The plastic tub of 10cm, H=10cm；Described container for plant growth 2 be Φ >=20cm, the plastic tub of H=10cm.

5. according to a kind of indoor feeding method of the bean aphid described in claim 1, it is characterised in that：Described nursery material is that bamboo is fine Wei Bu, specification is W=25cm, H=25cm.

6. according to a kind of indoor feeding method of the bean aphid described in claim 1, it is characterised in that：Described support is stainless steel frame Specification is Φ=9cm, H=4cm.