CN106591582A - Environment-friendly and efficient recovery treatment process for end-of-life mobile phone - Google Patents
Environment-friendly and efficient recovery treatment process for end-of-life mobile phone Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN106591582A CN106591582A CN201611069252.5A CN201611069252A CN106591582A CN 106591582 A CN106591582 A CN 106591582A CN 201611069252 A CN201611069252 A CN 201611069252A CN 106591582 A CN106591582 A CN 106591582A
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- China
- Prior art keywords
- mobile phone
- copper
- sent
- battery
- separation
- Prior art date
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- Granted
Links
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 39
- 238000011084 recovery Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 25
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 title abstract description 19
- 206010011906 Death Diseases 0.000 title abstract 5
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 63
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 46
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 43
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 43
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 37
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 37
- 229910001416 lithium ion Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 32
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 32
- 239000004033 plastic Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 23
- 229920003023 plastic Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 23
- FAPWRFPIFSIZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium chloride Chemical compound [Na+].[Cl-] FAPWRFPIFSIZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- 239000011780 sodium chloride Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- 239000002243 precursor Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- RVCKCEDKBVEEHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2,3,4,5,6-pentachlorobenzyl alcohol Chemical compound OCC1=C(Cl)C(Cl)=C(Cl)C(Cl)=C1Cl RVCKCEDKBVEEHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- HBBGRARXTFLTSG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Lithium ion Chemical compound [Li+] HBBGRARXTFLTSG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 229920005989 resin Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 239000011347 resin Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 238000012216 screening Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 230000005291 magnetic effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 239000004973 liquid crystal related substance Substances 0.000 claims abstract 2
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N iron Substances [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 51
- KDLHZDBZIXYQEI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Palladium Chemical compound [Pd] KDLHZDBZIXYQEI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 42
- BASFCYQUMIYNBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N platinum Chemical compound [Pt] BASFCYQUMIYNBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 40
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 claims description 27
- 238000000746 purification Methods 0.000 claims description 26
- 230000002378 acidificating effect Effects 0.000 claims description 24
- 229910052763 palladium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 21
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 20
- 229910052697 platinum Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 20
- 239000000428 dust Substances 0.000 claims description 19
- BQCADISMDOOEFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silver Chemical compound [Ag] BQCADISMDOOEFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 18
- QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-L Sulfate Chemical compound [O-]S([O-])(=O)=O QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 17
- 229910052709 silver Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 16
- 239000004332 silver Substances 0.000 claims description 16
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 15
- 229910017052 cobalt Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 11
- 239000010941 cobalt Substances 0.000 claims description 11
- GUTLYIVDDKVIGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N cobalt atom Chemical compound [Co] GUTLYIVDDKVIGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 11
- 239000011889 copper foil Substances 0.000 claims description 11
- 229910021653 sulphate ion Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 11
- 238000003786 synthesis reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000006073 displacement reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- 230000005484 gravity Effects 0.000 claims description 9
- 229910017604 nitric acid Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 9
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 claims description 9
- PWHULOQIROXLJO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Manganese Chemical compound [Mn] PWHULOQIROXLJO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- 229910052748 manganese Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000011572 manganese Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 claims description 7
- AZDRQVAHHNSJOQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N alumane Chemical compound [AlH3] AZDRQVAHHNSJOQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000004568 cement Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910000365 copper sulfate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- ARUVKPQLZAKDPS-UHFFFAOYSA-L copper(II) sulfate Chemical compound [Cu+2].[O-][S+2]([O-])([O-])[O-] ARUVKPQLZAKDPS-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000012797 qualification Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000007654 immersion Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000003442 weekly effect Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 claims 1
- 150000002739 metals Chemical class 0.000 abstract 2
- KFDQGLPGKXUTMZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N [Mn].[Co].[Ni] Chemical compound [Mn].[Co].[Ni] KFDQGLPGKXUTMZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract 1
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- 235000021190 leftovers Nutrition 0.000 abstract 1
- 238000002386 leaching Methods 0.000 description 41
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 39
- 239000000706 filtrate Substances 0.000 description 25
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 24
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 20
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 description 19
- 239000003513 alkali Substances 0.000 description 18
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 15
- 239000002002 slurry Substances 0.000 description 14
- 238000003723 Smelting Methods 0.000 description 12
- 239000004570 mortar (masonry) Substances 0.000 description 12
- 239000002893 slag Substances 0.000 description 12
- QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfuric acid Chemical compound OS(O)(=O)=O QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 11
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 11
- 238000001556 precipitation Methods 0.000 description 11
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 11
- 239000013078 crystal Substances 0.000 description 10
- 238000007885 magnetic separation Methods 0.000 description 10
- WHXSMMKQMYFTQS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Lithium Chemical compound [Li] WHXSMMKQMYFTQS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 9
- 239000004411 aluminium Substances 0.000 description 9
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 9
- 229910052744 lithium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 9
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 description 9
- 230000033228 biological regulation Effects 0.000 description 8
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 7
- 230000004044 response Effects 0.000 description 7
- QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ammonia Chemical compound N QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- YCKRFDGAMUMZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-N Fluorine atom Chemical compound [F] YCKRFDGAMUMZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- MHAJPDPJQMAIIY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen peroxide Chemical compound OO MHAJPDPJQMAIIY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M Ilexoside XXIX Chemical compound C[C@@H]1CC[C@@]2(CC[C@@]3(C(=CC[C@H]4[C@]3(CC[C@@H]5[C@@]4(CC[C@@H](C5(C)C)OS(=O)(=O)[O-])C)C)[C@@H]2[C@]1(C)O)C)C(=O)O[C@H]6[C@@H]([C@H]([C@@H]([C@H](O6)CO)O)O)O.[Na+] DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M 0.000 description 6
- PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nickel Chemical compound [Ni] PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 238000013019 agitation Methods 0.000 description 6
- 239000000470 constituent Substances 0.000 description 6
- 239000003814 drug Substances 0.000 description 6
- 229940079593 drug Drugs 0.000 description 6
- 229910052731 fluorine Inorganic materials 0.000 description 6
- 239000011737 fluorine Substances 0.000 description 6
- 239000012528 membrane Substances 0.000 description 6
- NICDRCVJGXLKSF-UHFFFAOYSA-N nitric acid;trihydrochloride Chemical compound Cl.Cl.Cl.O[N+]([O-])=O NICDRCVJGXLKSF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 6
- 229910052708 sodium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 6
- 239000011734 sodium Substances 0.000 description 6
- 239000007921 spray Substances 0.000 description 6
- VTLYFUHAOXGGBS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Fe3+ Chemical compound [Fe+3] VTLYFUHAOXGGBS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zinc Chemical compound [Zn] HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 230000004907 flux Effects 0.000 description 5
- JEIPFZHSYJVQDO-UHFFFAOYSA-N iron(III) oxide Inorganic materials O=[Fe]O[Fe]=O JEIPFZHSYJVQDO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 238000010907 mechanical stirring Methods 0.000 description 5
- 229910000510 noble metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 description 5
- 229910000906 Bronze Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- GRYLNZFGIOXLOG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nitric acid Chemical compound O[N+]([O-])=O GRYLNZFGIOXLOG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- CDBYLPFSWZWCQE-UHFFFAOYSA-L Sodium Carbonate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[O-]C([O-])=O CDBYLPFSWZWCQE-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 4
- 239000010974 bronze Substances 0.000 description 4
- KUNSUQLRTQLHQQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N copper tin Chemical compound [Cu].[Sn] KUNSUQLRTQLHQQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 4
- 239000013067 intermediate product Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000000696 magnetic material Substances 0.000 description 4
- SQGYOTSLMSWVJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N silver(1+) nitrate Chemical group [Ag+].[O-]N(=O)=O SQGYOTSLMSWVJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- GEHJYWRUCIMESM-UHFFFAOYSA-L sodium sulfite Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[O-]S([O-])=O GEHJYWRUCIMESM-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 4
- BZSXEZOLBIJVQK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-methylsulfonylbenzoic acid Chemical compound CS(=O)(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1C(O)=O BZSXEZOLBIJVQK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N Calcium Chemical compound [Ca] OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- CWYNVVGOOAEACU-UHFFFAOYSA-N Fe2+ Chemical compound [Fe+2] CWYNVVGOOAEACU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N Magnesium Chemical compound [Mg] FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfur Chemical compound [S] NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000005030 aluminium foil Substances 0.000 description 3
- WNROFYMDJYEPJX-UHFFFAOYSA-K aluminium hydroxide Chemical group [OH-].[OH-].[OH-].[Al+3] WNROFYMDJYEPJX-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 3
- ANBBXQWFNXMHLD-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminum;sodium;oxygen(2-) Chemical compound [O-2].[O-2].[Na+].[Al+3] ANBBXQWFNXMHLD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 229910021529 ammonia Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 229910052791 calcium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000011575 calcium Substances 0.000 description 3
- KTVIXTQDYHMGHF-UHFFFAOYSA-L cobalt(2+) sulfate Chemical compound [Co+2].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O KTVIXTQDYHMGHF-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 3
- 239000007771 core particle Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000005611 electricity Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000005868 electrolysis reaction Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000003792 electrolyte Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000012065 filter cake Substances 0.000 description 3
- PCHJSUWPFVWCPO-UHFFFAOYSA-N gold Chemical compound [Au] PCHJSUWPFVWCPO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 229910052737 gold Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000010931 gold Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 description 3
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-M hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-] XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 3
- 235000000396 iron Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- 229910052935 jarosite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000011777 magnesium Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910052749 magnesium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 230000014759 maintenance of location Effects 0.000 description 3
- 229940099596 manganese sulfate Drugs 0.000 description 3
- 239000011702 manganese sulphate Substances 0.000 description 3
- 235000007079 manganese sulphate Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- WPBNNNQJVZRUHP-UHFFFAOYSA-L manganese(2+);methyl n-[[2-(methoxycarbonylcarbamothioylamino)phenyl]carbamothioyl]carbamate;n-[2-(sulfidocarbothioylamino)ethyl]carbamodithioate Chemical compound [Mn+2].[S-]C(=S)NCCNC([S-])=S.COC(=O)NC(=S)NC1=CC=CC=C1NC(=S)NC(=O)OC WPBNNNQJVZRUHP-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 3
- SQQMAOCOWKFBNP-UHFFFAOYSA-L manganese(II) sulfate Chemical compound [Mn+2].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O SQQMAOCOWKFBNP-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 3
- 229910052759 nickel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 238000012856 packing Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000003825 pressing Methods 0.000 description 3
- 229910001388 sodium aluminate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- PNGLEYLFMHGIQO-UHFFFAOYSA-M sodium;3-(n-ethyl-3-methoxyanilino)-2-hydroxypropane-1-sulfonate;dihydrate Chemical compound O.O.[Na+].[O-]S(=O)(=O)CC(O)CN(CC)C1=CC=CC(OC)=C1 PNGLEYLFMHGIQO-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 3
- 238000000638 solvent extraction Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000001179 sorption measurement Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910052717 sulfur Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000011593 sulfur Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000001117 sulphuric acid Substances 0.000 description 3
- 235000011149 sulphuric acid Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- 239000002351 wastewater Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000004065 wastewater treatment Methods 0.000 description 3
- 229910052725 zinc Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000011701 zinc Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910000628 Ferrovanadium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000003638 chemical reducing agent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910000366 copper(II) sulfate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 238000002425 crystallisation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000008025 crystallization Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000001704 evaporation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000008020 evaporation Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000003302 ferromagnetic material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000000227 grinding Methods 0.000 description 2
- 210000004247 hand Anatomy 0.000 description 2
- PNXOJQQRXBVKEX-UHFFFAOYSA-N iron vanadium Chemical compound [V].[Fe] PNXOJQQRXBVKEX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000006148 magnetic separator Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000005086 pumping Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000004064 recycling Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910001961 silver nitrate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229910000029 sodium carbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 235000010265 sodium sulphite Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 239000002023 wood Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000010793 electronic waste Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000003912 environmental pollution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052738 indium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- APFVFJFRJDLVQX-UHFFFAOYSA-N indium atom Chemical compound [In] APFVFJFRJDLVQX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009418 renovation Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22B—PRODUCTION AND REFINING OF METALS; PRETREATMENT OF RAW MATERIALS
- C22B7/00—Working up raw materials other than ores, e.g. scrap, to produce non-ferrous metals and compounds thereof; Methods of a general interest or applied to the winning of more than two metals
- C22B7/006—Wet processes
- C22B7/008—Wet processes by an alkaline or ammoniacal leaching
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22B—PRODUCTION AND REFINING OF METALS; PRETREATMENT OF RAW MATERIALS
- C22B11/00—Obtaining noble metals
- C22B11/04—Obtaining noble metals by wet processes
- C22B11/042—Recovery of noble metals from waste materials
- C22B11/046—Recovery of noble metals from waste materials from manufactured products, e.g. from printed circuit boards, from photographic films, paper or baths
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22B—PRODUCTION AND REFINING OF METALS; PRETREATMENT OF RAW MATERIALS
- C22B15/00—Obtaining copper
- C22B15/0063—Hydrometallurgy
- C22B15/0065—Leaching or slurrying
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22B—PRODUCTION AND REFINING OF METALS; PRETREATMENT OF RAW MATERIALS
- C22B15/00—Obtaining copper
- C22B15/0063—Hydrometallurgy
- C22B15/0084—Treating solutions
- C22B15/0089—Treating solutions by chemical methods
- C22B15/0091—Treating solutions by chemical methods by cementation
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22B—PRODUCTION AND REFINING OF METALS; PRETREATMENT OF RAW MATERIALS
- C22B23/00—Obtaining nickel or cobalt
- C22B23/04—Obtaining nickel or cobalt by wet processes
- C22B23/0407—Leaching processes
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22B—PRODUCTION AND REFINING OF METALS; PRETREATMENT OF RAW MATERIALS
- C22B26/00—Obtaining alkali, alkaline earth metals or magnesium
- C22B26/20—Obtaining alkaline earth metals or magnesium
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22B—PRODUCTION AND REFINING OF METALS; PRETREATMENT OF RAW MATERIALS
- C22B7/00—Working up raw materials other than ores, e.g. scrap, to produce non-ferrous metals and compounds thereof; Methods of a general interest or applied to the winning of more than two metals
- C22B7/006—Wet processes
- C22B7/007—Wet processes by acid leaching
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/54—Reclaiming serviceable parts of waste accumulators
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P10/00—Technologies related to metal processing
- Y02P10/20—Recycling
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
- Y02W30/00—Technologies for solid waste management
- Y02W30/50—Reuse, recycling or recovery technologies
- Y02W30/84—Recycling of batteries or fuel cells
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Metallurgy (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Geology (AREA)
- General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Electrochemistry (AREA)
- Processing Of Solid Wastes (AREA)
- Manufacture And Refinement Of Metals (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses an environment-friendly and efficient recovery treatment process for an end-of-life mobile phone. The environment-friendly and efficient recovery treatment process comprises the following steps: enabling a recovered end-of-life mobile phone to first pass through a data eliminating workshop, and eliminating the end-of-life mobile phone by using a strong magnetic technology; secondly, feeding the end-of-life mobile phone subjected to data eliminating into a dismantling and sorting workshop, manually dismantling a battery, and then sequentially dismantling plastic, an LCD, a camera, a horn, a motor, soft and hard circuit boards and a PCBA main board on an assembly line; thirdly, feeding the battery into a discarded lithium ion battery integrated processing system, discharging the discarded lithium ion battery through saline water, and then separately recovering spongy copper and a nickel cobalt manganese ternary precursor; fourthly, separating the PCBA main board from an IC component, then feeding the PCBA main board into a waste circuit board integrated processing system, recovering valuable metals, processing a liquid crystal panel by a qualified unit, conveying a plastic casing and leftovers into a crusher for crushing and screening, and subsequently separating the metals from the plastic; and fifthly, dismantling a waste circuit board substrate of the IC component, and carrying out separation to obtain metal powder and resin fiber powder.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to technical field of resource recovery, and in particular to one kind scraps mobile phone environment-friendly high-efficiency recovery processing technique.
Background technology
Mobile phone is a kind of widely available Mobile portable electronic equipment, and social recoverable amount is big, is updated fast.Waste mobile phone
Renovation and the reuse of the key element such as Mobile phone screen, chip possess higher economic worth, the gold, silver that contain in mobile phone,
The resource value of the noble metals such as palladium, indium is high, possesses very high recovery value.Show according to Ministry of Industry and Information's recent statistics report, at present
China mobile phone user has broken through 1,000,000,000.Volume of production and consumption figure rank first in the world.The mobile phone update cycle of China by
It is tapered short, average out to 12～24 months.Mobile phone has become the most electronic waste of quantity, annual about 1,000,000,000 handss in the whole world
Machine is eliminated, wherein about 400,000,000, China, therefore, the huge replacement learies of mobile phone and storage cause returning for waste mobile phone
Receive, disposal has become more serious social problem of China.
But it is low to be limited to the separate unit transaction value of waste mobile phone, the fairness of waste mobile phone valuation, the convenience of transaction and user
The reason such as information security, the recovery trade market of waste mobile phone is also very immature, substantial amounts of waste mobile phone it is idle at home or with
Meaning is abandoned, and causes the huge waste of resource.Huge commercial value is contained in the recovery of waste mobile phone.And the transaction of waste mobile phone
More than rest on artificial appraisal, the pattern that pedlar reclaims, the pattern has a defect of four aspects, one, reclaim need it is ripe
Practice personnel, and need to take a long time to carry out mobile phone state identification；2nd, there is very big subjectivity in price, it is impossible to accurately comment
Estimate mobile phone value；3rd, there is the risk of the aspects such as swindle, personal safety in waste mobile phone transaction；4th, number of transaction is little, it is impossible to produce
Raw scale effect, hinders the development that waste mobile phone reclaims industry.In view of waste mobile phone manual recovery has more inconvenience, cause to give up
The old mobile phone response rate is low, the huge waste mobile phone storage of social existence, causes the serious wasting of resources and environmental pollution.
While the Chinese government gradually starts to pay attention to and increase the management intensity to utilization of the recycling of renewable resources, the country is returned
Some problems present in acceptor system also expose out：About 90% waste and old recyclable product is by social unused salvage collection people
Member is reclaimed with low price, and waste and old recyclable product cannot obtain correct processed after being purchased, regenerated resources handling process falls
Afterwards, cause the level of resources utilization low and secondary pollution；Regenerated resources process shortage of standard, product or resource that part Jing was processed
There is potential safety hazard.
The content of the invention
The technical problem to be solved is to provide a kind of resource utilization height, and simple for process scraps handss
Machine environment-friendly high-efficiency recovery processing technique.
The technical problem to be solved employs the following technical solutions to realize：
One kind scraps mobile phone environment-friendly high-efficiency recovery processing technique, comprises the following steps that：
(1) mobile phone of scrapping returned is first passed around into data dump workshop, to scrapping mobile phone RAM (random access memory) card, mobile phone is carried out
Card, mobile phone chip internal memory etc. are purged with strong magnetic technology；The data preserved in mobile phone are fully erased, solve information
Residual, information expose；
(2) by clear data scrap mobile phone send into disassemble sorting workshop, after manual demolition battery again on streamline according to
The parts such as secondary dismounting plastic cement, LCD, photographic head, loudspeaker, motor, hard circuit board and PCBA mainboards；Mobile phone is disassembled as several
Big module, then decomposes to each module；
(3) battery is sent into into used Li ion cell total system, by used Li ion cell Jing after saline electric discharge, is passed through
" disassembling and the heavy copper-purification and impurity removal-precursor synthesis of broken-alkaline leaching-acidic leaching-iron replacement " operation difference
Sponge copper and mickel, cobalt, manganese ternary precursor are reclaimed, copper sponge is thick by output by reduction melting after briquetting together with Copper Foil again
Copper；
(4) PCBA mainboards are isolated and waste printed circuit board total system recovery valuable metal, liquid is sent to after IC components and parts
Crystal panel (LCM screens and FPC soft boards) has transferred to qualification processed in units, plastic shell and leftover pieces to be then sent to crusher in crushing, sieve
Gravity separation and electrostatic sorting machine are entered after point, metal (copper, aluminum and iron powder) and plastics are separated；
(5) the waste printed circuit board substrate for removing IC components and parts passes through first " shearing-crushing-magnetic separation-sledge mill and screening-wind
Power selecting crude drugs with winnower-electrostatic separation " technique output metal dust and resin fibre powder, again Jing-" acidic leaching-purification is removed metal dust
Miscellaneous and cupric sulphate crystal-nitric acid point silver-chloroazotic acid parting-displacement platinum palladium " operation is separately recovered copper sulfate, silver ingot, ingot and sea
The products such as continuous platinum palladium.
In above-mentioned steps (3) used Li ion cell total system master operation include saline electric discharge, disassemble and crush,
Alkaline leaching, acidic leaching, iron replacement sink copper, purification and impurity removal and precursor synthesis, and details are as follows for each operation：
Saline discharges：Lithium battery is powered to disassemble the danger that blast occurs, and must carry out before used Li ion cell is processed
Discharge process；It is placed on before lithium ion battery is disassembled in the saline of 10% concentration and soaks 48h, it is ensured that by used Li ion electricity
The remaining capacity whole discharge off in pond.Discharge in this operation saline used can Reusability, change weekly once, every time immersion
The water yield is 1.5 times of lithium ion battery weight.
Disassemble and crush：Machine being disassembled using battery, waste and old lithium ion battery is disassembled into separation outer package plastic housing, metallic aluminium
Shell or metal box hat are sold outside putting in storage respectively, and taking-up battery core is sent to and is subsequently crushed.The battery core disassembled out is sent into into closed height
Fast rotary type pulverizer is crushed to 10～12mm or so.The wall of disintegrating machine four sets spray head, at the broken alkali liquor that sprays into simultaneously to prevent
Hexafluorophosphoric acid generates fluohydric acid gas with water reaction in battery electrolyte.Dust, organic gas and a small amount of fluorine produced in shattering process
Change hydrogen and send sack cleaner and activated carbon adsorption exhaust treatment system Jing after gas skirt collection.
Alkaline leaching：Battery core particle after broken sends into alkaline leaching groove and is stirred reaction, makes the electrolysis in lithium battery
Liquid is completely dissolved.Stirring reaction for a period of time after, mixed alkali liquor is sent to by alkali liquor collecting tank using screw rod conveyor, it is defeated in screw rod
Machine outlet installing aperture is sent to sieve alkali liquor for the filter screen of 5mm.The oversize of retention is mainly aluminium foil and Copper Foil, dry using dehydrator
Outer after copper, aluminum selling is separated by eddy current separation after dry.Ore pulp is then pumped filter press by alkaline leaching liquid by membrane pump
Solid-liquor separation is carried out, filtering residue is mainly positive-active powder, be sent to subsequent acidic and leach operation.Filtrate adopts sulfur acid for adjusting pH value
Make the sodium aluminate of a small amount of dissolving therein with aluminium hydroxide form Precipitation, sell outside the hydroxide aluminium slag after filter pressing, filtrate is then
It is sent to wastewater treatment operation.
Acidic leaching：The filtering residue of alkaline leaching operation is sent to into acidic leaching groove, adds sulphuric acid and hydrogen peroxide to be stirred
Reaction, makes the dissolving such as most nickel, cobalt, manganese, lithium and copper, ferrum enter solution, is carried out after solid-liquid separation using filter press,
Filtrate is sent to subsequently heavy copper process, and filtering residue is mainly the negative material on negative plate and a small amount of insoluble matter on positive plate etc., can
Deliver to reducing and smelting furnace process.
Iron replacement copper removal：Acid leaching solution pumps into a point copper groove, and iron powder is added under mechanical stirring, when reaching predetermined reaction
Between after, ore slurry pump is entered into chamber filter press by mortar pump carries out solid-liquid separation, and filtrate is sent to purification and impurity removal operation, and filtering residue is
Sponge copper powder, it is scrubbed, be dried after together with the Copper Foil for screening out briquetting be sent to outside reducing and smelting furnace raw copper smelting and sell.
Purification and impurity removal：Sodium chlorate solution is added with certain speed in the filtrate after the heavy copper of iron replacement, make ferrous irons from
Son is oxidized to ferric iron, then adds alkali liquor regulation pH value to 2.0～2.4, generates sodium jarosite precipitation.Treat that ferrum element is dense in solution
Degree is neutralized precipitation except ferrum, aluminum less than after 0.5g/L, continuing to add regulation system pH value to 3.5～4.0, treat ferrum in solution,
Aluminium element content is reduced to 0.005g/L, and ore slurry pump is entered into chamber filter press by mortar pump carries out solid-liquid separation, and filtering residue is sent to
Reducing and smelting furnace used as with slag flux, then send into solvent extraction remove impurity operation and further remove calcium, magnesium, zinc, copper, sodium, fluorine by filtrate
Deng impurity.
Ternary material precursor synthesizes：The nickeliferous, cobalt of gained, the sulfate liquor of manganese pass through clarified water pump after deep purifying remove impurity
In being pumped to sulfate mixing channel, then add manganese sulfate, the cobaltous sulfate crystalline substance of corresponding proportioning by ternary precursor material component ratio
Body is stirred mixing.Liquid is pumped in synthesis reaction vessel by clarified water pump after mixing, adds a certain amount of ammonia alkali liquid to be closed
Into reaction, reacted slip flows automatically into slurry vessel.Slip pumps into pressure filter and is washed and pressed by membrane pump in slurry vessel
Filter, gained filter cake is dried successively, mixes screening, sells to battery material producer in addition to packing after magnetic, and filtrate is then sent to waste water
Processing system.
The total system master operation of cell phone lines plate is scrapped in above-mentioned steps (5) includes shearing-crushing, magnetic separation, hammer
Mill and sieve, wind-force selecting crude drugs with winnower and electrostatic separation, acidic leaching, purification and impurity removal and cupric sulphate crystal, nitric acid point silver, chloroazotic acid parting and
Displacement platinum palladium etc., details are as follows for each operation：
Shearing-crushing：The waste printed circuit board substrate for isolating IC components and parts is added into shear breaker, shearing-crushing is to particle diameter
In below 20mm, the particle after crushing is sent to magnetic separator.
Magnetic separation：Magnetic separation separation is carried out to the particle of shear breaker conveying, ferromagnetic material (iron powder) therein is isolated
And non-magnetic material, iron powder can sell, and non-magnetic material is delivered to the sledge mill of next link.
Sledge mill and screening：To ensure the response rate of subsequent wet leaching system valuable metal, to the material after magnetic separation in hammer
Further fine grinding is carried out in formula disintegrating machine.Sledge mill product falls into vibrosieve, screens out the material with diameter greater than 1mm and returns sledge mill,
Material of the diameter less than 1mm (18 mesh) is sent to wind sorting system.
Pneumatic separating：Fines after screening is sent to wind sorting system, is sub-elected containing plastics and resin by gravity difference
Light component and containing the more heavy constituent of metal, relevant manufacturers are sold outside light component and are comprehensively utilized, heavy constituent is then sent to quiet
Electric separation system is further sorted.
Electrostatic separation：The heavy constituent of wind sorting system output adds electrostatic separation sorting, divides under high-pressure electrostatic effect
Select metal dust (cupric more than 80%), resin fibre powder (cupric<And intermediate product 1%).Metal dust is delivered to wet
The raw material cabin of method leaching system, sells relevant manufacturers as brickmaking or plastic-wood material outside resin fibre powder, intermediate product is mainly
Some bulky grain things, returning magnetic separation tailing carries out sledge mill.
Acidic leaching：The metal dust of electrostatic sorting machine output is added into acidic leaching groove, while adding dilute sulfuric acid simultaneously
Oxygen is passed through, mechanical agitation Leach reaction is carried out under certain condition, make most copper and dissolved ferric iron enter solution.Reach anti-
After between seasonable, pumping pressure filter by mortar pump carries out solid-liquid separation, a point silver-colored operation is sent to after filtering residue pulp and reclaims noble metal, filter
Liquid is then sent to iron purification and cupric sulphate crystal system.
Purification and impurity removal and cupric sulphate crystal：Acid leaching solution gravity flow enters purification tank, is passed through and is steam heated to 80～95 DEG C,
Add sodium carbonate and nertralizer regulation system pH value to be 2.5～3.0, make in solution ferrum with yellow ammonium ferrovanadium form Precipitation, liquid
Gu ferrovanadium slag is sent to reduction melting slag as with slag flux after separating, filtrate is pure CuSO4Solution, being passed through steam is carried out
Output CuSO after evaporation and concentration4·5H2O products, the wooden leaf of crystallization returns acidic leaching operation and recycles.
Nitric acid point silver：A point silver-colored groove is pumped into by mortar pump after sulfuric acid leaching slurry, is added under mechanical agitation
45% salpeter solution carries out Leach reaction, makes most silver dissolvings enter solution.After reaching the response time, by mortar pump pump
Send pressure filter to carry out solid-liquid separation, parting operation is sent to after silver separating residues pulp, filtrate is silver nitrate solution, and addition reducing agent is
Can output argentum powder.
Chloroazotic acid parting and displacement platinum palladium：Parting cell is sent to after silver separating residues pulp, adds chloroazotic acid molten under mechanical agitation
Liquid carries out Leach reaction, makes the noble metal removals such as most gold, platinum, palladium enter solution.After reaching the response time, to parting cell
In be slowly added to sodium sulfite reduction output bronze.The bronze of solid-liquid separation output is scrubbed, be dried after briquetting add intermediate frequency sense
Stove is answered to be smelted into ingot, liquid then adds under mechanical stirring zinc powder to enter line replacement platinum, palladium after parting, and platinum palladium is obtained after filtration
Powder.
The invention has the beneficial effects as follows：The features such as present invention has advanced technique, low cost, efficiency high, economic, environmental protection,
Social benefit significantly, realizes recycling for mobile phone resources, so as to realize preferably protecting our earth.
Description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is present invention process FB(flow block).
Specific embodiment
In order that technological means, creation characteristic, reached purpose and effect that the present invention is realized are easy to understand, tie below
Conjunction is specifically illustrating, and the present invention is expanded on further.
Embodiment 1
As shown in figure 1, one kind scraps mobile phone environment-friendly high-efficiency recovery processing technique, comprise the following steps that：
(1) mobile phone of scrapping returned is first passed around into data dump workshop, to scrapping mobile phone RAM (random access memory) card, mobile phone is carried out
Card, mobile phone chip internal memory etc. are purged with strong magnetic technology；The data preserved in mobile phone are fully erased, solve information
Residual, information expose；
(2) by clear data scrap mobile phone send into disassemble sorting workshop, after manual demolition battery again on streamline according to
The parts such as secondary dismounting plastic cement, LCD, photographic head, loudspeaker, motor, hard circuit board and PCBA mainboards；Mobile phone is disassembled as several
Big module, then decomposes to each module；Photographic head, loudspeaker, motor etc. directly outer can be sold；
(3) battery is sent into into used Li ion cell total system, by used Li ion cell Jing after saline electric discharge, is passed through
" disassembling and the heavy copper-purification and impurity removal-precursor synthesis of broken-alkaline leaching-acidic leaching-iron replacement " operation difference
Sponge copper and mickel, cobalt, manganese ternary precursor are reclaimed, copper sponge is thick by output by reduction melting after briquetting together with Copper Foil again
Copper；
(4) PCBA mainboards are isolated and waste printed circuit board total system recovery valuable metal, liquid is sent to after IC components and parts
Crystal panel (LCM screens and FPC soft boards) has transferred to qualification processed in units, plastic shell and leftover pieces to be then sent to crusher in crushing, sieve
Gravity separation and electrostatic sorting machine are entered after point, metal (copper, aluminum and iron powder) and plastics are separated；
(5) the waste printed circuit board substrate for removing IC components and parts passes through first " shearing-crushing-magnetic separation-sledge mill and screening-wind
Power selecting crude drugs with winnower-electrostatic separation " technique output metal dust and resin fibre powder, again Jing-" acidic leaching-purification is removed metal dust
Miscellaneous and cupric sulphate crystal-nitric acid point silver-chloroazotic acid parting-displacement platinum palladium " operation is separately recovered copper sulfate, silver ingot, ingot and sea
The products such as continuous platinum palladium.
Embodiment 2
As shown in figure 1, one kind scraps mobile phone environment-friendly high-efficiency recovery processing technique, comprise the following steps that：
(1) mobile phone of scrapping returned is first passed around into data dump workshop, to scrapping mobile phone RAM (random access memory) card, mobile phone is carried out
Card, mobile phone chip internal memory etc. are purged with strong magnetic technology；The data preserved in mobile phone are fully erased, solve information
Residual, information expose；
(2) by clear data scrap mobile phone send into disassemble sorting workshop, after manual demolition battery again on streamline according to
The parts such as secondary dismounting plastic cement, LCD, photographic head, loudspeaker, motor, hard circuit board and PCBA mainboards；Mobile phone is disassembled as several
Big module, then decomposes to each module；
(3) battery is sent into into used Li ion cell total system, by used Li ion cell Jing after saline electric discharge, is passed through
" disassembling and the heavy copper-purification and impurity removal-precursor synthesis of broken-alkaline leaching-acidic leaching-iron replacement " operation difference
Sponge copper and mickel, cobalt, manganese ternary precursor are reclaimed, copper sponge is thick by output by reduction melting after briquetting together with Copper Foil again
Copper；Details are as follows for each operation：
Saline discharges：Lithium battery is powered to disassemble the danger that blast occurs, and must carry out before used Li ion cell is processed
Discharge process；It is placed on before lithium ion battery is disassembled in the saline of 10% concentration and soaks 48h, it is ensured that by used Li ion electricity
The remaining capacity whole discharge off in pond.Discharge in this operation saline used can Reusability, change weekly once, every time immersion
The water yield is 1.5 times of lithium ion battery weight.
Disassemble and crush：Machine being disassembled using battery, waste and old lithium ion battery is disassembled into separation outer package plastic housing, metallic aluminium
Shell or metal box hat are sold outside putting in storage respectively, and taking-up battery core is sent to and is subsequently crushed.The battery core disassembled out is sent into into closed height
Fast rotary type pulverizer is crushed to 10～12mm or so.The wall of disintegrating machine four sets spray head, at the broken alkali liquor that sprays into simultaneously to prevent
Hexafluorophosphoric acid generates fluohydric acid gas with water reaction in battery electrolyte.Dust, organic gas and a small amount of fluorine produced in shattering process
Change hydrogen and send sack cleaner and activated carbon adsorption exhaust treatment system Jing after gas skirt collection.
Alkaline leaching：Battery core particle after broken sends into alkaline leaching groove and is stirred reaction, makes the electrolysis in lithium battery
Liquid is completely dissolved.Stirring reaction for a period of time after, mixed alkali liquor is sent to by alkali liquor collecting tank using screw rod conveyor, it is defeated in screw rod
Machine outlet installing aperture is sent to sieve alkali liquor for the filter screen of 5mm.The oversize of retention is mainly aluminium foil and Copper Foil, dry using dehydrator
Outer after copper, aluminum selling is separated by eddy current separation after dry.Ore pulp is then pumped filter press by alkaline leaching liquid by membrane pump
Solid-liquor separation is carried out, filtering residue is mainly positive-active powder, be sent to subsequent acidic and leach operation.Filtrate adopts sulfur acid for adjusting pH value
Make the sodium aluminate of a small amount of dissolving therein with aluminium hydroxide form Precipitation, sell outside the hydroxide aluminium slag after filter pressing, filtrate is then
It is sent to wastewater treatment operation.
Acidic leaching：The filtering residue of alkaline leaching operation is sent to into acidic leaching groove, adds sulphuric acid and hydrogen peroxide to be stirred
Reaction, makes the dissolving such as most nickel, cobalt, manganese, lithium and copper, ferrum enter solution, is carried out after solid-liquid separation using filter press,
Filtrate is sent to subsequently heavy copper process, and filtering residue is mainly the negative material on negative plate and a small amount of insoluble matter on positive plate etc., can
Deliver to reducing and smelting furnace process.
Iron replacement copper removal：Acid leaching solution pumps into a point copper groove, and iron powder is added under mechanical stirring, when reaching predetermined reaction
Between after, ore slurry pump is entered into chamber filter press by mortar pump carries out solid-liquid separation, and filtrate is sent to purification and impurity removal operation, and filtering residue is
Sponge copper powder, it is scrubbed, be dried after together with the Copper Foil for screening out briquetting be sent to outside reducing and smelting furnace raw copper smelting and sell.
Purification and impurity removal：Sodium chlorate solution is added with certain speed in the filtrate after the heavy copper of iron replacement, make ferrous irons from
Son is oxidized to ferric iron, then adds alkali liquor regulation pH value to 2.0～2.4, generates sodium jarosite precipitation.Treat that ferrum element is dense in solution
Degree is neutralized precipitation except ferrum, aluminum less than after 0.5g/L, continuing to add regulation system pH value to 3.5～4.0, treat ferrum in solution,
Aluminium element content is reduced to 0.005g/L, and ore slurry pump is entered into chamber filter press by mortar pump carries out solid-liquid separation, and filtering residue is sent to
Reducing and smelting furnace used as with slag flux, then send into solvent extraction remove impurity operation and further remove calcium, magnesium, zinc, copper, sodium, fluorine by filtrate
Deng impurity.
Ternary material precursor synthesizes：The nickeliferous, cobalt of gained, the sulfate liquor of manganese pass through clarified water pump after deep purifying remove impurity
In being pumped to sulfate mixing channel, then add manganese sulfate, the cobaltous sulfate crystalline substance of corresponding proportioning by ternary precursor material component ratio
Body is stirred mixing.Liquid is pumped in synthesis reaction vessel by clarified water pump after mixing, adds a certain amount of ammonia alkali liquid to be closed
Into reaction, reacted slip flows automatically into slurry vessel.Slip pumps into pressure filter and is washed and pressed by membrane pump in slurry vessel
Filter, gained filter cake is dried successively, mixes screening, sells to battery material producer in addition to packing after magnetic, and filtrate is then sent to waste water
Processing system.
(4) PCBA mainboards are isolated and waste printed circuit board total system recovery valuable metal, liquid is sent to after IC components and parts
Crystal panel (LCM screens and FPC soft boards) has transferred to qualification processed in units, plastic shell and leftover pieces to be then sent to crusher in crushing, sieve
Gravity separation and electrostatic sorting machine are entered after point, metal (copper, aluminum and iron powder) and plastics are separated；
(5) the waste printed circuit board substrate for removing IC components and parts passes through first " shearing-crushing-magnetic separation-sledge mill and screening-wind
Power selecting crude drugs with winnower-electrostatic separation " technique output metal dust and resin fibre powder, again Jing-" acidic leaching-purification is removed metal dust
Miscellaneous and cupric sulphate crystal-nitric acid point silver-chloroazotic acid parting-displacement platinum palladium " operation is separately recovered copper sulfate, silver ingot, ingot and sea
The products such as continuous platinum palladium.
Embodiment 3
As shown in figure 1, one kind scraps mobile phone environment-friendly high-efficiency recovery processing technique, comprise the following steps that：
(1) mobile phone of scrapping returned is first passed around into data dump workshop, to scrapping mobile phone RAM (random access memory) card, mobile phone is carried out
Card, mobile phone chip internal memory etc. are purged with strong magnetic technology；The data preserved in mobile phone are fully erased, solve information
Residual, information expose；
(2) by clear data scrap mobile phone send into disassemble sorting workshop, after manual demolition battery again on streamline according to
The parts such as secondary dismounting plastic cement, LCD, photographic head, loudspeaker, motor, hard circuit board and PCBA mainboards；Mobile phone is disassembled as several
Big module, then decomposes to each module；
(3) battery is sent into into used Li ion cell total system, by used Li ion cell Jing after saline electric discharge, is passed through
" disassembling and the heavy copper-purification and impurity removal-precursor synthesis of broken-alkaline leaching-acidic leaching-iron replacement " operation difference
Sponge copper and mickel, cobalt, manganese ternary precursor are reclaimed, copper sponge is thick by output by reduction melting after briquetting together with Copper Foil again
Copper；
(4) PCBA mainboards are isolated and waste printed circuit board total system recovery valuable metal, liquid is sent to after IC components and parts
Crystal panel (LCM screens and FPC soft boards) has transferred to qualification processed in units, plastic shell and leftover pieces to be then sent to crusher in crushing, sieve
Gravity separation and electrostatic sorting machine are entered after point, metal (copper, aluminum and iron powder) and plastics are separated；
(5) the waste printed circuit board substrate for removing IC components and parts passes through first " shearing-crushing-magnetic separation-sledge mill and screening-wind
Power selecting crude drugs with winnower-electrostatic separation " technique output metal dust and resin fibre powder, again Jing-" acidic leaching-purification is removed metal dust
Miscellaneous and cupric sulphate crystal-nitric acid point silver-chloroazotic acid parting-displacement platinum palladium " operation is separately recovered copper sulfate, silver ingot, ingot and sea
The products such as continuous platinum palladium.
In above-mentioned steps (3) used Li ion cell total system master operation include saline electric discharge, disassemble and crush,
Alkaline leaching, acidic leaching, iron replacement sink copper, purification and impurity removal and precursor synthesis, and details are as follows for each operation：
Saline discharges：Lithium battery is powered to disassemble the danger that blast occurs, and must carry out before used Li ion cell is processed
Discharge process；It is placed on before lithium ion battery is disassembled in the saline of 10% concentration and soaks 48h, it is ensured that by used Li ion electricity
The remaining capacity whole discharge off in pond.Discharge in this operation saline used can Reusability, change weekly once, every time immersion
The water yield is 1.5 times of lithium ion battery weight.
Disassemble and crush：Machine being disassembled using battery, waste and old lithium ion battery is disassembled into separation outer package plastic housing, metallic aluminium
Shell or metal box hat are sold outside putting in storage respectively, and taking-up battery core is sent to and is subsequently crushed.The battery core disassembled out is sent into into closed height
Fast rotary type pulverizer is crushed to 10～12mm or so.The wall of disintegrating machine four sets spray head, at the broken alkali liquor that sprays into simultaneously to prevent
Hexafluorophosphoric acid generates fluohydric acid gas with water reaction in battery electrolyte.Dust, organic gas and a small amount of fluorine produced in shattering process
Change hydrogen and send sack cleaner and activated carbon adsorption exhaust treatment system Jing after gas skirt collection.
Alkaline leaching：Battery core particle after broken sends into alkaline leaching groove and is stirred reaction, makes the electrolysis in lithium battery
Liquid is completely dissolved.Stirring reaction for a period of time after, mixed alkali liquor is sent to by alkali liquor collecting tank using screw rod conveyor, it is defeated in screw rod
Machine outlet installing aperture is sent to sieve alkali liquor for the filter screen of 5mm.The oversize of retention is mainly aluminium foil and Copper Foil, dry using dehydrator
Outer after copper, aluminum selling is separated by eddy current separation after dry.Ore pulp is then pumped filter press by alkaline leaching liquid by membrane pump
Solid-liquor separation is carried out, filtering residue is mainly positive-active powder, be sent to subsequent acidic and leach operation.Filtrate adopts sulfur acid for adjusting pH value
Make the sodium aluminate of a small amount of dissolving therein with aluminium hydroxide form Precipitation, sell outside the hydroxide aluminium slag after filter pressing, filtrate is then
It is sent to wastewater treatment operation.
Acidic leaching：The filtering residue of alkaline leaching operation is sent to into acidic leaching groove, adds sulphuric acid and hydrogen peroxide to be stirred
Reaction, makes the dissolving such as most nickel, cobalt, manganese, lithium and copper, ferrum enter solution, is carried out after solid-liquid separation using filter press,
Filtrate is sent to subsequently heavy copper process, and filtering residue is mainly the negative material on negative plate and a small amount of insoluble matter on positive plate etc., can
Deliver to reducing and smelting furnace process.
Iron replacement copper removal：Acid leaching solution pumps into a point copper groove, and iron powder is added under mechanical stirring, when reaching predetermined reaction
Between after, ore slurry pump is entered into chamber filter press by mortar pump carries out solid-liquid separation, and filtrate is sent to purification and impurity removal operation, and filtering residue is
Sponge copper powder, it is scrubbed, be dried after together with the Copper Foil for screening out briquetting be sent to outside reducing and smelting furnace raw copper smelting and sell.
Purification and impurity removal：Sodium chlorate solution is added with certain speed in the filtrate after the heavy copper of iron replacement, make ferrous irons from
Son is oxidized to ferric iron, then adds alkali liquor regulation pH value to 2.0～2.4, generates sodium jarosite precipitation.Treat that ferrum element is dense in solution
Degree is neutralized precipitation except ferrum, aluminum less than after 0.5g/L, continuing to add regulation system pH value to 3.5～4.0, treat ferrum in solution,
Aluminium element content is reduced to 0.005g/L, and ore slurry pump is entered into chamber filter press by mortar pump carries out solid-liquid separation, and filtering residue is sent to
Reducing and smelting furnace used as with slag flux, then send into solvent extraction remove impurity operation and further remove calcium, magnesium, zinc, copper, sodium, fluorine by filtrate
Deng impurity.
Ternary material precursor synthesizes：The nickeliferous, cobalt of gained, the sulfate liquor of manganese pass through clarified water pump after deep purifying remove impurity
In being pumped to sulfate mixing channel, then add manganese sulfate, the cobaltous sulfate crystalline substance of corresponding proportioning by ternary precursor material component ratio
Body is stirred mixing.Liquid is pumped in synthesis reaction vessel by clarified water pump after mixing, adds a certain amount of ammonia alkali liquid to be closed
Into reaction, reacted slip flows automatically into slurry vessel.Slip pumps into pressure filter and is washed and pressed by membrane pump in slurry vessel
Filter, gained filter cake is dried successively, mixes screening, sells to battery material producer in addition to packing after magnetic, and filtrate is then sent to waste water
Processing system.
The total system master operation of cell phone lines plate is scrapped in above-mentioned steps (5) includes shearing-crushing, magnetic separation, hammer
Mill and sieve, wind-force selecting crude drugs with winnower and electrostatic separation, acidic leaching, purification and impurity removal and cupric sulphate crystal, nitric acid point silver, chloroazotic acid parting and
Displacement platinum palladium etc., details are as follows for each operation：
Shearing-crushing：The waste printed circuit board substrate for isolating IC components and parts is added into shear breaker, shearing-crushing is to particle diameter
In below 20mm, the particle after crushing is sent to magnetic separator.
Magnetic separation：Magnetic separation separation is carried out to the particle of shear breaker conveying, ferromagnetic material (iron powder) therein is isolated
And non-magnetic material, iron powder can sell, and non-magnetic material is delivered to the sledge mill of next link.
Sledge mill and screening：To ensure the response rate of subsequent wet leaching system valuable metal, to the material after magnetic separation in hammer
Further fine grinding is carried out in formula disintegrating machine.Sledge mill product falls into vibrosieve, screens out the material with diameter greater than 1mm and returns sledge mill,
Material of the diameter less than 1mm (18 mesh) is sent to wind sorting system.
Pneumatic separating：Fines after screening is sent to wind sorting system, is sub-elected containing plastics and resin by gravity difference
Light component and containing the more heavy constituent of metal, relevant manufacturers are sold outside light component and are comprehensively utilized, heavy constituent is then sent to quiet
Electric separation system is further sorted.
Electrostatic separation：The heavy constituent of wind sorting system output adds electrostatic separation sorting, divides under high-pressure electrostatic effect
Select metal dust (cupric more than 80%), resin fibre powder (cupric<And intermediate product 1%).Metal dust is delivered to wet
The raw material cabin of method leaching system, sells relevant manufacturers as brickmaking or plastic-wood material outside resin fibre powder, intermediate product is mainly
Some bulky grain things, returning magnetic separation tailing carries out sledge mill.
Acidic leaching：The metal dust of electrostatic sorting machine output is added into acidic leaching groove, while adding dilute sulfuric acid simultaneously
Oxygen is passed through, mechanical agitation Leach reaction is carried out under certain condition, make most copper and dissolved ferric iron enter solution.Reach anti-
After between seasonable, pumping pressure filter by mortar pump carries out solid-liquid separation, a point silver-colored operation is sent to after filtering residue pulp and reclaims noble metal, filter
Liquid is then sent to iron purification and cupric sulphate crystal system.
Purification and impurity removal and cupric sulphate crystal：Acid leaching solution gravity flow enters purification tank, is passed through and is steam heated to 80～95 DEG C,
Add sodium carbonate and nertralizer regulation system pH value to be 2.5～3.0, make in solution ferrum with yellow ammonium ferrovanadium form Precipitation, liquid
Gu ferrovanadium slag is sent to reduction melting slag as with slag flux after separating, filtrate is pure CuSO4Solution, being passed through steam is carried out
Output CuSO after evaporation and concentration4·5H2O products, the wooden leaf of crystallization returns acidic leaching operation and recycles.
Nitric acid point silver：A point silver-colored groove is pumped into by mortar pump after sulfuric acid leaching slurry, is added under mechanical agitation
45% salpeter solution carries out Leach reaction, makes most silver dissolvings enter solution.After reaching the response time, by mortar pump pump
Send pressure filter to carry out solid-liquid separation, parting operation is sent to after silver separating residues pulp, filtrate is silver nitrate solution, and addition reducing agent is
Can output argentum powder.
Chloroazotic acid parting and displacement platinum palladium：Parting cell is sent to after silver separating residues pulp, adds chloroazotic acid molten under mechanical agitation
Liquid carries out Leach reaction, makes the noble metal removals such as most gold, platinum, palladium enter solution.After reaching the response time, to parting cell
In be slowly added to sodium sulfite reduction output bronze.The bronze of solid-liquid separation output is scrubbed, be dried after briquetting add intermediate frequency sense
Stove is answered to be smelted into ingot, liquid then adds under mechanical stirring zinc powder to enter line replacement platinum, palladium after parting, and platinum palladium is obtained after filtration
Powder.
The ultimate principle and principal character and advantages of the present invention of the present invention has been shown and described above.The technology of the industry
Personnel it should be appreciated that the present invention is not restricted to the described embodiments, the simply explanation described in above-described embodiment and description this
The principle of invention, without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention, the present invention also has various changes and modifications, these changes
Change and improvement is both fallen within scope of the claimed invention.The claimed scope of the invention by appending claims and its
Equivalent thereof.
Claims (5)
1. one kind scraps mobile phone environment-friendly high-efficiency recovery processing technique, it is characterised in that comprise the following steps that：
(1) mobile phone of scrapping returned is first passed around into data dump workshop, to scrap mobile phone carry out RAM (random access memory) card, Mobile phone card,
Mobile phone chip internal memory is purged with strong magnetic technology；
(2) mobile phone of scrapping for clearing data is sent into and disassembles sorting workshop, tear open successively on streamline again after manual demolition battery
Except plastic cement, LCD, photographic head, loudspeaker, motor, hard circuit board and PCBA mainboard parts；
(3) battery is sent into into used Li ion cell total system, by used Li ion cell Jing after saline electric discharge, by " tearing open
Solution and the heavy copper-purification and impurity removal-precursor synthesis of broken-alkaline leaching-acidic leaching-iron replacement " operation is separately recovered
Sponge copper and mickel, cobalt, manganese ternary precursor, copper sponge again can output blister copper by reduction melting after briquetting together with Copper Foil；
(4) PCBA mainboards are isolated and waste printed circuit board total system recovery valuable metal, liquid crystal surface is sent to after IC components and parts
Plate has transferred to qualification processed in units, and plastic shell and leftover pieces are then sent to after crusher in crushing, screening and enter gravity separation and quiet
Electric separation system, separates metal and plastics；
(5) the waste printed circuit board substrate of IC components and parts is removed first by " shearing-crushing-magnetic separation-sledge mill and screening-wind-force wind
Choosing-electrostatic separation " technique output metal dust and resin fibre powder, metal dust again Jing-" acidic leaching-purification and impurity removal with
Cupric sulphate crystal-nitric acid point silver-chloroazotic acid parting-displacement platinum palladium " operation is separately recovered copper sulfate, silver ingot, ingot and spongy platinum
Palladium product.
2. it is according to claim 1 to scrap mobile phone environment-friendly high-efficiency recovery processing technique, it is characterised in that to divide in step (2)
Photographic head, loudspeaker, the motor for separating out is directly outer to be sold.
3. it is according to claim 1 to scrap mobile phone environment-friendly high-efficiency recovery processing technique, it is characterised in that to divide in step (4)
The metal for separating out includes copper, aluminum and iron powder.
4. it is according to claim 1 to scrap mobile phone environment-friendly high-efficiency recovery processing technique, it is characterised in that salt in step (2)
Water electric discharge is placed in the saline of 10% concentration before lithium ion battery is disassembled soaks 48h, it is ensured that by used Li ion cell
Remaining capacity whole discharge off.
5. it is according to claim 4 to scrap mobile phone environment-friendly high-efficiency recovery processing technique, it is characterised in that above-mentioned saline electric discharge
Saline Reusability used, changes weekly once, and every time the immersion water yield is 1.5 times of lithium ion battery weight.
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| GB2566391A (en) * | 2018-11-28 | 2019-03-13 | Cangnan Yajia New Energy Tech Co Ltd | A recycling apparatus for waste lithium battery |
| CN109585962A (en) * | 2018-11-30 | 2019-04-05 | 成都尤尼瑞克科技有限公司 | A kind of method of the waste and old positive electrode of resource utilization lithium battery |
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| CN116651544A (en) * | 2023-04-10 | 2023-08-29 | 四川西南钒钛科技有限公司 | Vanadium slag purification treatment device and process for converter smelting |
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| WO2022052497A1 (en) * | 2020-09-09 | 2022-03-17 | 湖南邦普循环科技有限公司 | Method for processing waste lithium battery separator paper |
| CN112275765B (en) * | 2020-09-09 | 2022-08-16 | 湖南邦普循环科技有限公司 | Method for treating waste lithium battery diaphragm paper |
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Effective date of registration: 20181206 Address after: 236500 West Side of Pioneering Road, Tianying Park, Jieshou City, Fuyang City, Anhui Province Patentee after: Anhui Dewin New Material Technology Co., Ltd. Address before: 236500 Chiang Zhuang village, Tao Zhuang Town, Jieshou Town, Jieshou City, Fuyang, Anhui Patentee before: Anhui Ying Sheng renewable resources Recycling Co., Ltd. |