CN106590906A - 一种含氧化石墨烯的水基金属切削液及其制备方法 - Google Patents
一种含氧化石墨烯的水基金属切削液及其制备方法 Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
本发明公开了一种含氧化石墨烯的水基金属切削液及其制备方法。所述含氧化石墨烯分散液的水基金属切削液由润滑性添加剂、防锈剂、消泡剂、苯并三氮唑、油酸三乙醇胺、乙醇胺和水组成。按重量百分比计算,其各原料含量如下:润滑性添加剂:0.5‑5%;防锈剂:30‑40%;消泡剂:0.4‑0.6%;苯并三氮唑:0.2‑0.4%;清洗剂:2‑4.5%;乙醇胺:1‑2%,余量为水;其中:所述润滑性添加剂为氧化石墨烯分散液。本发明的有益效果在于:本发明添加了氧化石墨烯添加剂,不仅提高了切削液的性能,如润滑性、抗磨性和冷却性等,而且氧化石墨烯对环境影响小,有利于环保。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及金属加工技术领域,尤其是涉及一种含氧化石墨烯的水基金属切削液及其制备方法。
背景技术
切削液是一种在金属切削加工过程中用于润滑和冷却加工工具和加工部件的混合润滑剂。按介质的不同可以分为油基型和水基型,其中,油基型切削液由于其良好的润滑性和防锈性,被广泛用于金属加工领域,但其生物降解性太差能够长期存在于环境中,从而对生物及生态造成很严重的影响;水基型切削液具有良好的冷却性能和清洗性能,且成本低,无污染,符合可持续发展要求,现在正在逐步取代传统的油基型切削液。但是水基型切削液也有诸多的缺陷,如承载能力低、润滑性较差等,这会造成很严重地摩察磨损。在实际应用中,往往需要额外地添加润滑剂。目前,所使用的切削液添加剂大部分含有P、Cl、S等元素,含有这些元素的添加剂会对环境产生很大影响。随着科技的进步、人类环保意识的增强,切削液所带来的环境资源问题日益受到人们的关注,这些添加剂势必将会逐步限制并淘汰掉。另外,随着现代制造技术、加工工艺、加工材质以及精密设备制造的不断出现,也对金属加工液提出了更高要求。因此,研发出新的润滑添加剂及发展新型水基切削液配方具有重要的实际意义和应用价值。
氧化石墨烯具备石墨烯类似的结构,某些性质相同,但其表面具有大量的含氧基团,因此,在水或极性溶剂中的溶解较好。基于此,氧化石墨烯作为水润滑添加剂的摩擦学性能研究发现层状结构的氧化石墨烯显著加速了陶瓷对偶的摩擦行为从跑合期(严重的机械磨损)到稳定态(温和的摩擦化学磨损)的转变,使摩擦跑和周期由纯水润滑时2 000s缩短至250s。另外,氧化石墨烯还显著减小了陶瓷对偶的摩擦系数。为了提高氧化石墨在切削液中的稳定性,需要对其表面进行适当地改性,使其在分散介质中稳定分散。
发明内容
为了克服现有技术的不足,本发明的目的在于提供一种含氧化石墨烯的水基金属切削液及其制备方法。本发明的水基金属切削液具有润滑性好、环保等特点。
本发明的技术方案具体介绍如下。
本发明提供一种含氧化石墨烯的水基金属切削液,按重量百分比计算,由以下组分组成:
余量为水,其总重量满足100%;
其中:
所述润滑性添加剂为氧化石墨烯分散液,按重量百分数计算,其原料组成及含量如下:
氧化石墨烯:0.1~0.4%,
聚乙烯吡咯烷酮:2~4%
余量为水;其总重量满足100%。
本发明中,防锈剂为吗啉与硼酸的混合物,吗啉和硼酸的质量比为2:1~4:1。
本发明中,消泡剂为乙二醇与甲基硅油的混合物。
本发明中,清洗剂为油酸三乙醇胺。
本发明还提供一种含氧化石墨烯的水基金属切削液的制备方法,具体步骤如下:
(1)将防锈剂、清洗剂、苯并三氮唑、消泡剂、乙醇胺和水混合得到混合液;
(2)将配制好的氧化石墨烯分散液滴加到步骤(1)所得的混合液中,超声搅拌,即得含氧化石墨烯的水基金属切削液。
和现有技术相比,本发明的有益效果在于:
本发明是一种含氧化石墨烯的水基金属切削液,通过添加氧化石墨烯润滑添加剂,使得该金属切削液润滑性、抗磨性得到了很大提升。
进一步,本发明是一种含氧化石墨烯的水基金属切削液,因所采用润滑添加剂为无机纳米材料,属于环保材料的范畴。在使用过程中,其对生态环境和身体健康影响较小,属于环保型水基切削液。
进一步,本发明涉及的一种含氧化石墨烯的水基金属切削液,由于本切削液的载体是水,不含基础油,因此,可以减少含油污染物的排放量,降低生产成本及能耗。
具体实施方式
下面结合具体的实施例进一步详细描述本发明,但本发明不仅限于下面实施例。
实施例1
一种含氧化石墨烯的水基金属切削液,其按重量百分比计算,其原料组成及含量如下:
润滑添加剂:1%;
防锈剂:35%;
消泡剂:0.6%;
苯并三氮唑:0.4%;
清洗剂:3%;
乙醇胺:1.5%;
余量为水;
所述的润滑性添加剂为氧化石墨烯分散液,按重量百分数计算,其原料组成及含量如下:
氧化石墨烯:0.2%;
聚乙烯吡咯烷酮:3%;
余量为去离子水;
所述的润滑添加剂,即氧化石墨烯分散液的配制方法,具体的操作步骤如下:
将一定量的制备好的氧化石墨烯置于去离子水中,然后超声分散,得到氧化石墨烯悬浮液,接着将配制好的聚乙烯吡咯烷酮溶液滴加到悬浮液中并快速搅拌,之后将混合液继续超声处理,即得到润滑添加剂氧化石墨烯分散液。
所述的含氧化石墨烯的水基金属切削液,其中防锈剂的具体制备方法如下:将吗啉与硼酸按3:1的质量比混合,再在常温下连续搅拌直至溶液变为澄清色。即得上述防锈剂;
所述消泡剂由乙二醇与甲基硅油混合而成;所述清洗剂为油酸三乙醇胺,其通过以下方法制备:油酸与三乙醇胺按一定的质量比混合并在常温下反应1h得到;
根据本发明所述的含氧化石墨烯的水基金属切削液的制备方法,其包括以下步骤:
(1)在常温常压下,将防锈剂、清洗剂和去离子水搅拌混合均匀得到混合液;
(2)在常温常压下,将苯并三氮唑和消泡剂加入步骤(1)所得的混合液中,并搅拌均匀;
(3)在常温常压下,把乙醇胺加入到步骤(2)所得的混合液中,继续搅拌均匀直至透明;
(4)将预先配制的氧化石墨烯分散液滴加到步骤(3)所得的混合液中,并超声30min,即得含氧化石墨烯的水基金属切削液。
实施例2
一种含氧化石墨烯的水基金属切削液,其按重量百分比计算,其原料组成及含量如下:
润滑添加剂:3%;
防锈剂:40%;
消泡剂:0.5%;
苯并三氮唑:0.3%;
清洗剂:4%;
乙醇胺:2%;
余量为水;
所述的润滑性添加剂为氧化石墨烯分散液,按重量百分数计算,其原料组成及含量如下:氧化石墨烯,0.1%;聚乙烯吡咯烷酮,2%;余量为去离子水。
所述的润滑添加剂氧化石墨烯分散液的配制方法,其具体的操作步骤同实施例1。
上述的含氧化石墨烯金属切削液,其中防锈剂的具体制备方法同实施例1。
上述消泡剂具体制备方法同实施例1。
上述清洗剂制备方法同实施例1。
根据本发明所述的含氧化石墨烯的水基金属切削液的制备方法,其制备步骤同实施例1。
实施例3
一种含氧化石墨烯的水基金属切削液,其按重量百分比计算,其原料组成及含量如下:
润滑添加剂:4.5%;
防锈剂:30%;
消泡剂:0.4%;
苯并三氮唑:0.2%;
清洗剂:2%;
乙醇胺:1%;
余量为水;
所述的润滑性添加剂为氧化石墨烯分散液,按重量百分数计算,其原料组成及含量如下:氧化石墨烯,0.4%;聚乙烯吡咯烷酮,4%;余量为去离子水。
所述的润滑添加剂氧化石墨烯分散液的配制方法,其具体的操作步骤同实施例1。
上述的含氧化石墨烯的水基金属切削液,其中防锈剂的具体制备方法同实施例1。
上述消泡剂具体制备方法同实施例1。
上述清洗剂制备方法同实施例1。
根据本发明所述的含氧化石墨烯的水基金属切削液的制备方法,其制备步骤同实施例1。
性能测试实验
上述实施例1-3的含氧化石墨烯切削液试验数据如表1所示。
表1
综上所述,本发明公开了一种含石墨烯的金属切削液,其润滑性、抗磨性极好,而且以载体为水,不含基础油、亚硝酸等危害物质,因此对环境及人体危害小,属于环保型切削液。上述内容仅为本发明构思下的基本说明,而依据本发明的技术方案所作的任何等效变换,均属于本发明的保护范围。
Claims (5)
1.一种含氧化石墨烯的水基金属切削液,其特征在于,按重量百分比计算,由以下组分组成:
其中:
所述润滑性添加剂为氧化石墨烯分散液,按重量百分数计算,其原料组成及含量如下:
氧化石墨烯:0.1~0.4%,
聚乙烯吡咯烷酮:2~4%
余量为水;其总重量满足100%。
2.根据权利要求1所述的含氧化石墨烯的水基金属切削液,其特征在于,防锈剂为吗啉与硼酸的混合物,吗啉和硼酸的质量比为2:1~4:1。
3.根据权利要求1所述的含氧化石墨烯的水基金属切削液,其特征在于,消泡剂为乙二醇与甲基硅油的混合物。
4.根据权利要求1所述的含氧化石墨烯的水基金属切削液,其特征在于,清洗剂为油酸三乙醇胺。
5.一种根据权利要求1所述的含氧化石墨烯的水基金属切削液的制备方法,其特征在于,具体步骤如下:
(1)将防锈剂、清洗剂、苯并三氮唑、消泡剂、乙醇胺和水混合得到混合液;
(2)将配制好的氧化石墨烯分散液滴加到步骤(1)所得的混合液中,超声搅拌,即得含氧化石墨烯的水基金属切削液。
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