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CN106590592B - Improve the complexed surfactant of oil recovery factor - Google Patents

Improve the complexed surfactant of oil recovery factor Download PDF

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CN106590592B
CN106590592B CN201510683965.XA CN201510683965A CN106590592B CN 106590592 B CN106590592 B CN 106590592B CN 201510683965 A CN201510683965 A CN 201510683965A CN 106590592 B CN106590592 B CN 106590592B
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surfactant
alkyl phenol
alkyl
complexed surfactant
complexed
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CN106590592A (en
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张卫东
吴欣悦
李应成
沙鸥
鲍新宁
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Sinopec Shanghai Research Institute of Petrochemical Technology
China Petrochemical Corp
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Sinopec Shanghai Research Institute of Petrochemical Technology
China Petrochemical Corp
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    • C09K8/00Compositions for drilling of boreholes or wells; Compositions for treating boreholes or wells, e.g. for completion or for remedial operations
    • C09K8/58Compositions for enhanced recovery methods for obtaining hydrocarbons, i.e. for improving the mobility of the oil, e.g. displacing fluids
    • C09K8/584Compositions for enhanced recovery methods for obtaining hydrocarbons, i.e. for improving the mobility of the oil, e.g. displacing fluids characterised by the use of specific surfactants

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Abstract

The present invention relates to a kind of complexed surfactants and preparation method thereof that oil recovery factor can be improved.Mainly solve the problems, such as that compound oil displacement agent is difficult to effectively improve recovery ratio under high temperature and high salt medium to high permeable reservoir condition in the prior art.The present invention includes following component: (1) the hydroxyalkyl quaternary surfactant of 0.01~1.0wt% by using the complexed surfactant for increasing substantially recovery ratio by percentage to the quality;The alkyl phenol polyether acid salt surfactant of (2) 0.01~1.0wt%;Wherein the general molecular formula of the hydroxyalkyl quaternary surfactant is shown in formula (I);The general molecular formula of the alkyl phenol polyether acid salt surfactant is technical solution shown in formula (II), preferably solves the problems, such as this, be can be used in the tertiary oil recovery production in oil field.

Description

Improve the complexed surfactant of oil recovery factor
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of complexed surfactants that oil recovery factor can be improved.
Background technique
Petroleum is important irreproducibility strategic resource, and the world today increasingly increases the demand of petroleum.Conventional Oil production method is generally only capable of the one third of extraction oil in-place, currently, most oil reservoirs have entered high water cut viscous heavy crude oil, Yield obviously tapers off trend, continues to improve recovery ratio difficulty using conventional water drive larger.Due to formation temperature height, water mine is injected Change degree and calcium ions and magnesium ions content are high, limit the development of the tertiary oil recoveries mode such as polymer flooding.How water drive after recovery ratio is improved It is current urgent need to solve the problem.
Surfactant flooding is when first three adopts one of the main direction of studying of raising oil recovery factor.Surfactant can be with Oil water interfacial tension is effectively reduced, changes reservoir wettability, solubilized crude oil, reduce Crude viscosity, is played in tertiary oil recovery Important function.Wherein zwitterion compound surfactant is as a kind of new Surfactants mixed system, in many fields Show property.There are strong electrostatic interactions between cationic and anionic surfactant, have compound system lower Critical micelle concentration, limit occupied area and better interfacial activity, have well formed micro emulsion ability, be conducive to surpass The acquisition and stabilization of low interfacial tension.Meanwhile the formation of zwitterion pair greatly strengthens the anti-suction of yin-yang compound surfactant Attached, anticalcium magnesium ion ability, improves oil displacement efficiency of the system in high temperature and high salt oil deposit.
Currently, yin-yang compound surfactant adopted three in using less.Patent CN103773347A is reported containing aromatic ring Alkyl polyoxyethylene ether anionic surfactant and tetraalkyl ammonium salt composition complexed surfactant composition, the group Closing object has good interface performance for Henan Oil Field;Han Xia etc. (Acta PhySico-Chimica Sinica, 2012,28 (1), 146-153) is logical The binary built system for forming alkyl ethoxy sulfonate with tetraalkyl amine bromide or bromide sixteen alkyls pyridine is crossed to grind Study carefully, it was demonstrated that influence of the grease partition equilibrium of surfactant molecule to ultralow interfacial tension.These work used tetraalkyl/ Aryl quat cationic surfactants, such surfactant solubility in concentrated water is poor, limits these It is formulated the application in high salinity reservoir.Present invention application hydroxyalkyl quaternary ammonium salt compounds, compared with tetraalkyl ammonium salt, hydroxyl Introducing optimize the dissolubility of surfactant in water, be conducive to oil displacement agent allotment at the scene and use.
Summary of the invention
The first technical problem to be solved by the present invention is that compound oil displacement agent temperature-resistant anti-salt ability is poor in the prior art, uses The problem that concentration is high, oil displacement efficiency is low provides one kind and can increase substantially under high temperature and high salt medium to high permeable reservoir condition and adopts The complexed surfactant of yield.It can be in wider concentration range, high temperature and high salt medium to high permeable rate with this complexed surfactant 10 are formed with crude oil under reservoir condition-2~10-4The low interfacial tension of mN/m, to improve the oil displacement efficiency of oil displacement agent.
The second technical problem to be solved by the present invention is that one of above-mentioned technical problem is correspondingly improved the compound of recovery ratio The preparation method of surfactant.
The third technical problem to be solved by the present invention is that one of above-mentioned technical problem is correspondingly improved the compound of recovery ratio Application of the surfactant in oil extraction in oil field.
One of to solve above-mentioned technical problem, the technical solution adopted by the present invention are as follows: a kind of complexed surfactant, with matter Measure number meter, including following components:
(1) 0.01~1.0 part of hydroxyalkyl quaternary surfactant;
(2) 0.01~1.0 parts of alkyl phenol polyether acid salt surfactant;
Wherein, the general molecular formula of the hydroxyalkyl quaternary surfactant is shown in formula (I):
The general molecular formula of the alkyl phenol polyether acid salt surfactant is shown in formula (II):
In formula, R1For C1~C20Alkyl, R2、R3For C1~C4Alkyl, p CH2The number of segment, in 1~6 Any one integer, X, which is selected from, makes molecule shown in formula (I) be in the anion of electroneutral, and j is the inverse of X valence state absolute value;R4For C8 ~C16Fat-based;N is the adduction number of ethoxy group, the number of n=5~8;M is the adduction number of propoxyl group group, m=0~10;Q is CH2The number of segment, any one integer in 1~6;Y is selected from-COO、-SO3 At least one of;M is selected from formula (II) molecule shown in is in the cation of electroneutral, and i is the inverse of M valence state absolute value.
In above-mentioned technical proposal, when the X is preferably -1 valence anion, point of the hydroxyalkyl quaternary surfactant Sub- general formula is shown in formula (III):
In above-mentioned technical proposal, when the M is preferably+1 valence cation, the alkyl phenol polyether acid salt surfactant General molecular formula is shown in formula (IV):
In above-mentioned technical proposal, the R1Preferably C1~C20Alkyl, R2、R3Preferably C1~C4Alkyl, into one Walk preferred R1For C12、C14、C16、C18Alkyl, R2、R3For methyl and ethyl.
In above-mentioned technical proposal, the q is any one integer in 1~6, further preferably 1,2,3.
In above-mentioned technical proposal, the X is preferably halide ion, further preferably-Cl、-Br、-IIn at least It is a kind of.
In above-mentioned technical proposal, the R4For C8~C16Alkyl, further preferably C8、C9、C12、C15Alkyl.
In above-mentioned technical proposal, the alkyl phenol polyether acid salt surfactant and hydroxyalkyl quaternary surfactant Quality proportioning is 10~1, further preferably 5~1.
In above-mentioned technical proposal, the M preferably is selected from least one of ammonium ion or alkali metal ion.
In above-mentioned technical proposal, the complexed surfactant for improving oil recovery factor further includes in terms of mass fraction 98.0~99.98 parts of injection water.
In above-mentioned technical proposal, the injection water total salinity is preferably 100000~200000mg/L, Ca2++Mg2+ Preferably 0~7000mg/L.
In above-mentioned technical proposal, the XPreferably-Cl
In above-mentioned technical proposal, the m is preferably m=0~5.
To solve above-mentioned technical problem two, the technical solution adopted by the present invention are as follows: a kind of to improve answering for oil recovery factor Close the preparation method of surfactant, comprising the following steps:
(a) preparation of alkyl phenol Polyoxyalkylene ethers:
By required alkyl phenol and ethylene oxide and/or propylene oxide in the presence of basic catalyst and reaction temperature 85~ 160 DEG C, pressure is reacted to obtain the alkyl phenol Polyoxyalkylene ethers under the conditions of being less than 0.50MPa gauge pressure, wherein catalyst amount For 1~3wt% of alkyl phenol quality;
(b) preparation of alkyl phenol Polyoxyalkylene ethers hydrochlorate:
By the alkyl phenol Polyoxyalkylene ethers of step (a) synthesis and sodium hydroxide at 45~75 DEG C after quaternization 2 hours, then It is reacted at 70~90 DEG C 2~15 hours with sulfonated reagent or carboxylating reagent, it is acidified after reaction, wash, remove under reduced pressure Solvent obtains alkyl phenol Polyoxyalkylene ethers acid.Wherein solvent is selected from one of ethyl alcohol, isopropanol, benzene;
(c) the alkyl phenol Polyoxyalkylene ethers acid that step (b) synthesizes is mixed evenly with suitable sodium hydroxide, water, is obtained To the alkyl phenol Polyoxyalkylene ethers hydrochlorate of 30~50wt% of solid content;
(d) in a solvent by Alkyl Dimethylamine dissolution, potassium hydroxide is added and pH is adjusted to 9~10.At 60~80 DEG C, It is slowly added to halogenated aliphatic alcohol according to the ratio, reacts 10~16 hours.Solvent is steamed after reaction, obtains product alkyl dimethyl Hydroxyalkyl ammonium halide.Wherein solvent is selected from one of ethyl alcohol, isopropanol.
(e) required proportion is pressed, by the alkyl dimethyl hydroxyalkyl ammonium halide of step (a) synthesis, the alkyl phenol polyether Hydrochlorate and injection water are added in mixing vessel, and stirring obtains required complexed surfactant in 1~30 minute.
In above-mentioned technical proposal, step (e) with total system quality percentages, alkyl phenol polyether carboxylate dosage it is excellent Selecting range is 0.1~0.3wt%, and the preferred scope of hydroxyalkyl quaternary surfactant is 0.02~0.15wt%.
To solve above-mentioned technical problem three, the technical solution adopted by the present invention are as follows: a kind of to improve answering for oil recovery factor Close application of the surfactant in oil extraction in oil field.
In above-mentioned technical proposal, the application method, those skilled in the art can be used according to the prior art, example It such as but is not limited to contact complexed surfactant solution injection oil reservoir with underground crude oil, underground crude oil body is come out;Or Person and other chemical agent for oil recovery are used in compounding.
In above-mentioned technical proposal, the application method, with total system quality percentages, alkyl phenol polyether carboxylate is used The preferred scope of amount is 0.1~0.3wt%, and the preferred scope of hydroxyalkyl quaternary surfactant is 0.02~0.15wt%.
Present invention employs anion-nonionic and cationic complexed surfactant, anion-nonionic and cation surface activating It is positively charged in the negatively charged hydrophilic group and cationic surfactant in anion-nonionic surfactant after agent compounding Hydrophilic group between there are electrostatic attraction, can avoid conventional surfactant because interfacial film caused by electrostatic repulsion between like charges is arranged The problems such as cloth is loose, and then enhance compounding agent interfacial activity, improve oil displacement efficiency.Meanwhile the interaction between zwitterion The ability of the anti-absorption of complexed surfactant, anticalcium magnesium ion is enhanced, has it and is applied in high salinity reservoirs Possibility.
Using the complexed surfactant that recovery ratio can be improved of the invention, can be used for formation temperature is 87 DEG C, salinity It is 17.7 × 104The In The Pucheng 2+3 block water flooding and crude oil of mg/L, with dosage for 0.1~0.3wt% alkyl phenol polyoxy second Alkene ether carboxylate and 0.02~0.15wt% hydroxyalkyl ammonium halide form complexed surfactant oil displacement agent, determine the oil displacement agent Dynamical interfacial tension between aqueous solution and In The Pucheng 2+3 block crude oil, up to 10-3~10-4The ultralow interface of mN/m Power achieves preferable technical effect, can be used for improving tertiary oil recovery recovery ratio.
Below by embodiment, the present invention is further elaborated.
Specific embodiment
[embodiment 1]
(a) preparation of octyl phenol polyoxyethylene ether:
Pressure reactor is added in 206 grams of octyl phenol (1 mole) and 5 grams of potassium hydroxide, is heated to unlatching at 80~90 DEG C Vacuum system is dehydrated 1 hour under a high vacuum, substitutes nitrogen 3 times, system reaction temperature is adjusted to 140 DEG C and is slowly passed through 268.4 Gram (6.1 moles) ethylene oxide controls pressure≤0.50MPa.After reaction, 90 DEG C are cooled to, low-boiling-point substance is removed in vacuum, it is cold But it neutralizes, be dehydrated afterwards, obtain 456 grams of ether of octylphenol polyethylene ethylene oxide (n=6), yield 97%.
(b) preparation of octyl phenol polyoxyethylene ether carboxylate:
By 456 grams of octylphenol polyethylene ethylene oxide (n=6) ether of step (a) synthesis, 80 grams of sodium hydroxide (2 moles) and 500 grams Reactor is added in benzene, and 140 grams of sodium chloroacetate (1.2 moles) are added after reacting 3 hours at 65 DEG C, and it is small to be warming up to 85 DEG C of reactions 6 When.65 DEG C are cooled the temperature to after reaction, and acidification is washed, and obtains octyl phenol polyoxyethylene ether carboxylic acid after evaporating solvent under reduced pressure.
(c) the octyl phenol polyoxyethylene ether carboxylic acid of step (b) synthesis and suitable sodium hydroxide, water are mixed equal It is even, obtain the octyl phenol polyoxyethylene ether carboxylate of pH=9~10, solid content 30wt%.
(d) reactor is added in 269 grams of hexadecyldimethyl benzyl ammonium tertiary amine (1 mole) and 800 grams of ethyl alcohol, potassium hydroxide is added PH is adjusted to 9~10.At 60~80 DEG C, it is slowly added to 102 grams of (1.1 moles) 3- chloropropyl alcohols according to the ratio, reaction 10~16 is small When.Solvent is evaporated off after reaction and obtains 360 grams of hexadecyldimethyl benzyl ammonium hydroxyethyl ammonium chloride, yield 96%.
(e) synthesize octyl phenol polyoxyethylene ether (n=6) the sodium acetate 0.1wt% of step (c) synthesis, step (d) ten Six alkyl dimethyl hydroxypropyl ammonium chloride 0.03wt% and 99.87wt% In The Pucheng Pu mono- inject water and are mixed, and obtain Displacement of reservoir oil complexed surfactant.Interface at 87 DEG C, between the complexed surfactant and In The Pucheng 2+3 block dewatered oil Tension interfacial tension as shown in table 1 is measured by the TX500 type rotating interfacial tensimeter that Texas ,Usa university produces.
Table 1
[embodiment 2]
(a) preparation of nonylphenol polyoxyethylene ether:
Pressure reactor is added in 220 grams of nonyl phenol (1 mole) and 5 grams of potassium hydroxide, is heated to unlatching at 80~90 DEG C Vacuum system is dehydrated 1 hour under a high vacuum, substitutes nitrogen 3 times, system reaction temperature is adjusted to 140 DEG C and is slowly passed through 224.4 Gram (5.1 moles) ethylene oxide controls pressure≤0.50MPa.After reaction, 90 DEG C are cooled to, low-boiling-point substance is removed in vacuum, it is cold But it neutralizes, be dehydrated afterwards, obtain 423 grams of ether of Nonyl pheno (n=5), yield 96%.
(b) preparation of nonylphenol polyoxyethylene ether carboxylate:
By 423 grams of Nonyl pheno (n=5) ether of step (a) synthesis, 80 grams of sodium hydroxide (2 moles) and 500 grams Reactor is added in benzene, and 140 grams of sodium chloroacetate (1.2 moles) are added after reacting 3 hours at 65 DEG C, and it is small to be warming up to 85 DEG C of reactions 6 When.65 DEG C are cooled the temperature to after reaction, and acidification is washed, and obtains nonylphenol polyoxyethylene ether carboxylic acid after evaporating solvent under reduced pressure.
(c) the nonylphenol polyoxyethylene ether carboxylic acid of step (b) synthesis and suitable sodium hydroxide, water are mixed equal It is even, obtain the nonylphenol polyoxyethylene ether carboxylate of pH=9~10, solid content 30wt%.
(d) reactor is added in 297 grams of octadecyldimethyl tertiary amine (1 mole) and 800 grams of ethyl alcohol, potassium hydroxide is added PH is adjusted to 9~10.At 60~80 DEG C, it is slowly added to 88 grams of (1.1 moles) ethylene chlorhydrins according to the ratio, reaction 10~16 is small When.Solvent is evaporated off after reaction and obtains 342 grams of octadecyldimethyl hydroxyethyl ammonium chloride, yield 96%.
(e) synthesize nonylphenol polyoxyethylene ether (n=5) the sodium acetate 0.1wt% of step (c) synthesis, step (d) ten Eight alkyl dimethyl hydroxyethyl ammonium chloride 0.02wt% and 99.88wt% In The Pucheng Pu mono- inject water and are mixed, and obtain Displacement of reservoir oil complexed surfactant.Interface at 87 DEG C, between the complexed surfactant and In The Pucheng 2+3 block dewatered oil Tension interfacial tension as shown in table 2 is measured by the TX500 type rotating interfacial tensimeter that Texas ,Usa university produces.
Table 2
[embodiment 3]
(a) preparation of dodecyl phenol polyethenoxy ether:
Pressure reactor is added in 262 grams of dodecylphenol (1 mole) and 5 grams of potassium hydroxide, when being heated to 80~90 DEG C Vacuum system is opened, is dehydrated 1 hour under a high vacuum, is substituted nitrogen 3 times, system reaction temperature is adjusted to 140 DEG C and is slowly passed through 356.4 grams of (8.1 moles) ethylene oxide control pressure≤0.50MPa.After reaction, 90 DEG C are cooled to, low boiling is removed in vacuum Object neutralizes, dehydration after cooling, obtains 589 grams of ether of dodecyl phenol polyethenoxy (n=8), yield 96%.
(b) preparation of dodecylphenol polyethenoxy ether carboxylate:
By step (a) synthesis 589 grams of dodecyl phenol polyethenoxy (n=8) ether, 80 grams of sodium hydroxide (2 moles) and Reactor is added in 600 grams of benzene, and 140 grams of sodium chloroacetate (1.2 moles) are added after reacting 3 hours at 65 DEG C, is warming up to 85 DEG C instead It answers 6 hours.65 DEG C are cooled the temperature to after reaction, and acidification is washed, and obtains dodecylphenol polyoxy second after evaporating solvent under reduced pressure Alkene ether carboxylic acid.
(c) the dodecyl phenol polyethenoxy ether carboxylic acid of step (b) synthesis and suitable sodium hydroxide, water are mixed Uniformly, the dodecylphenol polyethenoxy ether carboxylate of pH=9~10, solid content 30wt% is obtained.
(d) dodecyl phenol polyethenoxy ether (n=8) the sodium acetate 1.0wt% of step (c) synthesis, embodiment 1 are synthesized Hexadecyldimethyl benzyl ammonium hydroxypropyl ammonium chloride 1.0wt% and 98.0wt% In The Pucheng Pu mono- inject water be mixed, obtain To displacement of reservoir oil complexed surfactant.Boundary at 87 DEG C, between the complexed surfactant and In The Pucheng 2+3 block dewatered oil Tension interfacial tension as shown in table 3 in face is measured by the TX500 type rotating interfacial tensimeter that Texas ,Usa university produces.
Table 3
[embodiment 4]
(a) preparation of pentadecyl phenol polyethenoxy ether:
Pressure reactor is added in 304 grams of pentadecyl phenol (1 mole) and 5 grams of potassium hydroxide, when being heated to 80~90 DEG C Vacuum system is opened, is dehydrated 1 hour under a high vacuum, is substituted nitrogen 3 times, system reaction temperature is adjusted to 140 DEG C and is slowly passed through 356.4 grams of (8.1 moles) ethylene oxide control pressure≤0.50MPa.After reaction, 90 DEG C are cooled to, low boiling is removed in vacuum Object neutralizes, dehydration after cooling, obtains 630 grams of ether of pentadecyl phenol polyethenoxy (n=8), yield 96%.
(b) preparation of pentadecyl phenol polyethenoxy ether carboxylate:
By step (a) synthesis 630 grams of pentadecyl phenol polyethenoxy (n=8) ether, 80 grams of sodium hydroxide (2 moles) and Reactor is added in 800 grams of benzene, and 140 grams of sodium chloroacetate (1.2 moles) are added after reacting 3 hours at 65 DEG C, is warming up to 85 DEG C instead It answers 6 hours.65 DEG C are cooled the temperature to after reaction, and acidification is washed, and obtains pentadecyl phenol polyoxy second after evaporating solvent under reduced pressure Alkene ether carboxylic acid.
(c) the pentadecyl phenol polyethenoxy ether carboxylic acid of step (b) synthesis and suitable sodium hydroxide, water are mixed Uniformly, the pentadecyl phenol polyethenoxy ether carboxylate of pH=9~10, solid content 30wt% is obtained.
(d) reactor is added in 241 grams of dodecyldimethylamine base tertiary amine (1 mole) and 800 grams of ethyl alcohol, potassium hydroxide is added PH is adjusted to 9~10.At 60~80 DEG C, it is slowly added to 88 grams of (1.1 moles) ethylene chlorhydrins according to the ratio, reaction 10~16 is small When.Solvent is evaporated off after reaction and obtains 309 grams of dodecyldimethylamine base hydroxyethyl ammonium chloride, yield 96%.
(e) pentadecyl phenol polyethenoxy ether (n=8) the sodium acetate 0.16wt% of step (c) synthesis, step (d) are closed At dodecyldimethylamine base hydroxypropyl ammonium chloride 0.08wt% and 99.76wt% In The Pucheng Pu mono- inject water mixing stir It mixes, obtains displacement of reservoir oil complexed surfactant.At 87 DEG C, the complexed surfactant and In The Pucheng 2+3 block dewatered oil it Between the TX500 type rotating interfacial tensimeter that is produced by Texas ,Usa university of interfacial tension interfacial tension as shown in table 4 Measurement.
Table 4
[embodiment 5]
(a) preparation of dodecyl phenol polyethenoxy ether:
Pressure reactor is added in 262 grams of dodecylphenol (1 mole) and 5 grams of potassium hydroxide, when being heated to 80~90 DEG C Vacuum system is opened, is dehydrated 1 hour under a high vacuum, is substituted nitrogen 3 times, system reaction temperature is adjusted to 140 DEG C and is slowly passed through 268.4 grams of (6.1 moles) ethylene oxide control pressure≤0.50MPa.After reaction, 90 DEG C are cooled to, low boiling is removed in vacuum Object neutralizes, dehydration after cooling, obtains 511 grams of ether of dodecyl phenol polyethenoxy (n=6), yield 97%.
(b) preparation of dodecylphenol polyethenoxy ether carboxylate:
By step (a) synthesis 511 grams of dodecyl phenol polyethenoxy (n=6) ether, 80 grams of sodium hydroxide (2 moles) and Reactor is added in 500 grams of benzene, and 140 grams of sodium chloroacetate (1.2 moles) are added after reacting 3 hours at 65 DEG C, is warming up to 85 DEG C instead It answers 6 hours.65 DEG C are cooled the temperature to after reaction, and acidification is washed, and obtains dodecylphenol polyoxy second after evaporating solvent under reduced pressure Alkene ether carboxylic acid.
(c) the dodecyl phenol polyethenoxy ether carboxylic acid of step (b) synthesis and suitable sodium hydroxide, water are mixed Uniformly, the dodecylphenol polyethenoxy ether carboxylate of pH=9~10, solid content 30wt% is obtained.
(d) dodecyl phenol polyethenoxy ether (n=6) the sodium acetate 0.03wt% of step (c) synthesis, embodiment 1 are closed At hexadecyldimethyl benzyl ammonium hydroxypropyl ammonium chloride 0.01wt% and 99.96wt% In The Pucheng Pu mono- inject water mixing stir It mixes, obtains displacement of reservoir oil complexed surfactant.At 87 DEG C, the complexed surfactant and In The Pucheng 2+3 block dewatered oil it Between the TX500 type rotating interfacial tensimeter that is produced by Texas ,Usa university of interfacial tension interfacial tension as shown in table 5 Measurement.
Table 5
[embodiment 6]
(a) preparation of nonylphenol polyoxyethylene ether:
Pressure reactor is added in 220 grams of nonyl phenol (1 mole) and 5 grams of potassium hydroxide, is heated to unlatching at 80~90 DEG C Vacuum system is dehydrated 1 hour under a high vacuum, substitutes nitrogen 3 times, system reaction temperature is adjusted to 140 DEG C and is slowly passed through 179.8 Gram (3.1 moles) propylene oxide;It is slowly passed through 312.4 grams of (7.1 moles) ethylene oxide after reaction to propylene oxide, controls Pressure≤0.50MPa.After reaction, 90 DEG C are cooled to, low-boiling-point substance is removed in vacuum, is neutralized after cooling, dehydration, it is poly- to obtain nonyl phenol 682 grams of ether of ethylene oxide polyoxypropylene (n=7, m=3), yield 97%.
(b) preparation of nonylphenol polyoxyethylene ether carboxylate:
By 682 grams, 80 grams of sodium hydroxide of nonyl phenol polyoxyethylene polyoxypropylene (n=7, m=3) ether of step (a) synthesis Reactor is added in (2 moles) and 800 grams of benzene, 140 grams of sodium chloroacetate (1.2 moles) is added after reacting 3 hours at 65 DEG C, heating It is reacted 6 hours to 85 DEG C.65 DEG C are cooled the temperature to after reaction, and acidification is washed, and it is poly- that nonyl phenol is obtained after evaporating solvent under reduced pressure Ethylene oxide polyethenoxy ether carboxylic acid.
(c) the nonyl phenol polyoxyethylene polyoxypropylene ether carboxylic acid that step (b) synthesizes is mixed with suitable sodium hydroxide, water It stirs evenly, obtains the nonyl phenol polyoxyethylene polyoxypropylene ether carboxylate of pH=9~10, solid content 30wt%.
(d) reactor is added in 297 grams of cetyl diethyl tertiary amine (1 mole) and 800 grams of ethyl alcohol, potassium hydroxide is added PH is adjusted to 9~10.At 60~80 DEG C, it is slowly added to 102 grams of (1.1 moles) 3- chloropropyl alcohols according to the ratio, reaction 10~16 is small When.Solvent is evaporated off after reaction and obtains 386 grams of cetyl diethyl hydroxyethyl ammonium chloride, yield 96%.
(d) by step (c) synthesis nonyl phenol polyoxyethylene polyoxypropylene ether (n=7, m=3) sodium acetate 0.06wt%, The cetyl diethyl hydroxypropyl ammonium chloride 0.08wt% and 99.86wt% In The Pucheng Pu mono- that embodiment 1 synthesizes injects Water is mixed, and obtains displacement of reservoir oil complexed surfactant.At 87 DEG C, the complexed surfactant and In The Pucheng 2+3 block are de- The TX500 type rotation drop circle that interfacial tension interfacial tension as shown in table 6 between water crude oil is produced by Texas ,Usa university The measurement of face tensiometer.
Table 6
[comparative example 1]
Amyl phenol polyethenoxy ether (n=5) sodium acetate 0.1wt%, octadecyldimethyl hydroxyethyl ammonium chloride 0.02wt% and 99.88wt% In The Pucheng Pu mono- injects water and is mixed, and obtains displacement of reservoir oil complexed surfactant.87℃ Under, interfacial tension interfacial tension as shown in table 7 between the complexed surfactant and In The Pucheng 2+3 block dewatered oil by The TX500 type rotating interfacial tensimeter measurement of Texas ,Usa university production.
Table 7
[comparative example 2]
Octadecyl phenol polyethenoxy ether (n=5) sodium acetate 0.1wt%, octadecyldimethyl hydroxyethyl ammonium chloride 0.02wt% and 99.88wt% In The Pucheng Pu mono- injects water and is mixed, and obtains displacement of reservoir oil complexed surfactant.87℃ Under, interfacial tension interfacial tension as shown in table 8 between the complexed surfactant and In The Pucheng 2+3 block dewatered oil by The TX500 type rotating interfacial tensimeter measurement of Texas ,Usa university production.
Table 8
[comparative example 3]
Nonylphenol polyoxyethylene ether (n=5) sodium acetate 0.1wt%, octadecyl ammonium chloride 0.02wt% and 99.88wt% In The Pucheng Pu mono- injects water and is mixed, and obtains displacement of reservoir oil complexed surfactant.At 87 DEG C, the complexed surfactant with Interfacial tension interfacial tension as shown in table 8 between In The Pucheng 2+3 block dewatered oil is produced by Texas ,Usa university TX500 type rotating interfacial tensimeter measurement.
Table 8

Claims (10)

1. a kind of complexed surfactant, in terms of mass fraction, including following components:
(1) 0.01~1.0 part of hydroxyalkyl quaternary surfactant;
(2) 0.01~1.0 parts of alkyl phenol polyether acid salt surfactant;
Wherein, the general molecular formula of the hydroxyalkyl quaternary surfactant is shown in formula (I):
The general molecular formula of the alkyl phenol polyether acid salt surfactant is shown in formula (II):
In formula, R1For C12、C14、C16、C18Alkyl, R2、R3For methyl and ethyl, p CH2The number of segment, in 1~6 Any one integer, X be selected from make molecule shown in formula (I) be in electroneutral anion, j be X valence state absolute value inverse;R4For C8~C16Fat-based;N is the adduction number of ethoxy group, the number of n=5~8;M is the adduction number of propoxyl group group, m=0~10;Q is CH2The number of segment, any one integer in 1~6;Y is selected from-COO、-SO3 At least one of;M is selected from formula (II) molecule shown in is in the cation of electroneutral, and i is the inverse of M valence state absolute value.
2. complexed surfactant according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the p is 1,2,3.
3. complexed surfactant according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the R4For C8、C9、C12、C15Alkyl.
4. complexed surfactant according to claim 1, it is characterised in that m=0~5.
5. complexed surfactant according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the alkyl phenol polyether hydrochlorate surface-active The quality proportioning of agent and hydroxyalkyl quaternary surfactant is 10~1.
6. complexed surfactant according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the alkyl phenol polyether hydrochlorate surface-active The quality proportioning of agent and hydroxyalkyl quaternary surfactant is 5~1.
7. complexed surfactant according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the composite table for improving oil recovery factor Face activating agent further includes 98.0~99.98 parts of injection water in terms of mass fraction.
8. complexed surfactant according to claim 7, it is characterised in that the injection water total salinity 100000 ~200000mg/L, Ca2++Mg2+For 0~7000mg/L.
9. any complexed surfactant of claim 1~8 the preparation method is as follows:
(a) preparation of alkyl phenol Polyoxyalkylene ethers:
By required alkyl phenol and ethylene oxide and/or propylene oxide in the presence of basic catalyst and 85~160 DEG C of reaction temperature, Pressure is reacted to obtain the alkyl phenol Polyoxyalkylene ethers under the conditions of being less than 0.50MPa gauge pressure, and wherein catalyst amount is alkyl 1~3wt% of phenol quality;
(b) preparation of alkyl phenol Polyoxyalkylene ethers hydrochlorate:
By the alkyl phenol Polyoxyalkylene ethers of step (a) synthesis and sodium hydroxide at 45~75 DEG C after quaternization 2 hours, then with sulphur Change reagent or carboxylating reagent reacts 2~15 hours at 70~90 DEG C, acidified after reaction, washing, evaporating solvent under reduced pressure Obtain alkyl phenol Polyoxyalkylene ethers acid;Wherein solvent is selected from one of ethyl alcohol, isopropanol, benzene;
(c) the alkyl phenol Polyoxyalkylene ethers acid that step (b) synthesizes is mixed evenly with suitable sodium hydroxide, water, consolidate The alkyl phenol Polyoxyalkylene ethers hydrochlorate of 30~50wt% of content;
(d) in a solvent by Alkyl Dimethylamine dissolution, potassium hydroxide is added and pH is adjusted to 9~10, at 60~80 DEG C, by matching Than being slowly added to halogenated aliphatic alcohol, reacts 10~16 hours, steam solvent after reaction, obtain product alkyl dimethyl hydroxyl alkane Base ammonium halide, wherein solvent is selected from one of ethyl alcohol, isopropanol;
(e) required proportion is pressed, by the alkyl dimethyl hydroxyalkyl ammonium halide of step (a) synthesis, the alkyl phenol polyether hydrochlorate It is added in mixing vessel with injection water, stirring obtains required complexed surfactant in 1~30 minute.
10. application of any complexed surfactant of claim 1~8 in oil extraction in oil field.
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