CN106577411A - Method for producing seeds of golden shell colored pinctada martensii - Google Patents
Method for producing seeds of golden shell colored pinctada martensii Download PDFInfo
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- 241001212699 Pinctada martensii Species 0.000 title claims abstract description 36
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- FFRBMBIXVSCUFS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2,4-dinitro-1-naphthol Chemical compound C1=CC=C2C(O)=C([N+]([O-])=O)C=C([N+]([O-])=O)C2=C1 FFRBMBIXVSCUFS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 58
- 241000490567 Pinctada Species 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000009395 breeding Methods 0.000 claims description 7
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- 239000011049 pearl Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 210000002149 gonad Anatomy 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000002955 isolation Methods 0.000 claims description 4
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- 210000004681 ovum Anatomy 0.000 description 2
- 241000237519 Bivalvia Species 0.000 description 1
- 241000548230 Crassostrea angulata Species 0.000 description 1
- 241001465754 Metazoa Species 0.000 description 1
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- 238000009360 aquaculture Methods 0.000 description 1
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Abstract
Description
技术领域：Technical field:
本发明属于水产动物遗传育种技术和水产养殖领域，具体涉及一种金黄壳色马氏珠母贝的制种方法。The invention belongs to the field of aquatic animal genetic breeding technology and aquaculture, and in particular relates to a seed production method of golden-yellow shell-colored Pinctada martensii.
背景技术：Background technique:
研究表明，个体在生长过程中对贝壳颜色的选择与其生长环境(包括水域的温度、盐度等)、地理位置和生理因素都有着一定的相关性。根据对一些贝类的研究报道，壳色多态性是简单的孟德尔式遗传，但是壳色的选择与生长性状、生理性状和一些经济性状是否具有必然的联系，都没有明确的结论。Studies have shown that there is a certain correlation between the individual's choice of shell color in the growth process and its growth environment (including the temperature and salinity of the water area, etc.), geographical location and physiological factors. According to some shellfish research reports, shell color polymorphism is a simple Mendelian inheritance, but there is no clear conclusion whether the selection of shell color is necessarily related to growth traits, physiological traits and some economic traits.
马氏珠母贝(Pinctada martensii Dunker)隶属于双壳纲、珍珠贝科、珠母贝属，是一种重要的海水珍珠养殖贝类，其壳表呈褐色，常有数条黑褐色放射纹。其它壳表颜色较少见。Pinctada martensii Dunker (Pinctada martensii Dunker) belongs to Bivalvia, Pearl Oysteraceae, and Pinctada genus. It is an important cultured seawater pearl shellfish. Its shell surface is brown, often with several dark brown radial lines. Other case colors are less common.
日本马氏珠母贝Pinctada fucata martensii的壳色包括红色、褐色、黄色和棕色，Wada K.T.等(1983，1990，1994，1996)发现在野生和养殖群体里白色贝非常稀少，曾在一些自交群体里发现过白色个体。白壳色性状有可能是由隐性基因控制的，而且其产生的珠不含黄色素，将白色个体作为小片贝，对于培育优珠是有利的，但白色壳近交系的个体总重和成活率远低于白壳/棕色壳杂交系的个体总重和成活率。海湾扇贝(Argopectenirradians Lamarck)的壳色能够稳定的遗传，受环境因素影响较小(Kraeuter J.et al,1984；Elek J.A.et al,1985,1990；Adamkewicz L.et al,1988)，理论上通过定向选育可以培育出不同壳色的海湾扇贝新品种。Gary等(1980)对贻贝Mytilus edulis不同壳色群体进行杂交，形成的分离家系的研究中，发现两个群体间的壳色多态性存在相当频率的差异，并且在不同群体间棕色个体比蓝色个体要小10％－20％。但John等(2004)对太平洋牡蛎的研究发现，其平均个体重、成活率及生长率性状都与壳色素及外套膜缘色素没有相关性。The shell colors of Pinctada fucata martensii include red, brown, yellow and brown. Wada K.T. et al. (1983, 1990, 1994, 1996) found that white shellfish were very rare in wild and cultured populations, and had been used in some self-bred White individuals have been found in the colony. The trait of white shell color may be controlled by a recessive gene, and the pearls produced by it do not contain yellow pigment. It is beneficial to use white individuals as small shellfish for breeding high-quality pearls, but the total weight of white shell inbred lines and The survival rate was much lower than the total individual weight and survival rate of the white/brown shell hybrids. The shell color of the bay scallop (Argopectenirradians Lamarck) can be inherited stably and is less affected by environmental factors (Kraeuter J. et al, 1984; Elek J.A. et al, 1985, 1990; Adamkewicz L. et al, 1988), theoretically through Directional breeding can breed new varieties of bay scallops with different shell colors. Gary et al. (1980) crossed different shell color populations of the mussel Mytilus edulis to form a segregation family. They found that there were considerable frequency differences in the shell color polymorphism between the two populations, and the ratio of brown individuals between different populations Blue individuals are 10%-20% smaller. However, John et al. (2004) found in the study of Pacific oysters that the average individual body weight, survival rate and growth rate traits were not correlated with shell pigments and mantle margin pigments.
我国在贝类壳色研究方面，已根据不同壳色群体的生长状况，对海湾扇贝和皱纹盘鲍数量性状进行定向选育，获得了表型明确、性状优良的新品系。Zhang等(2003，2005)以壳色为标记，目前已经培育出纯橘红色、纯黑色、纯紫色、纯白色等不同颜色的海湾扇贝，建立了海湾扇贝“壳色－数量性状复合选择和自交－定向选育－小群体平衡”的育种模式，培育出“中科红海湾扇贝”新品种，95％以上的子代个体为桔红壳色，成活率提高15％－20％，生长速度提高10％－15％，出肉率增加10％以上，壳厚也明显增加。在养成阶段，相同日龄的不同壳色间，白色家系个体显著的大于橙色和紫色个体；高温的7、8月份，白色家系的存活率最高(由于白色贝壳吸收光热比橙色紫色个体吸收的少，更容易适应高温强光的环境)，并发现在幼虫阶段，海湾扇贝个体的生长性状和存活率与壳色之间不存在主要联系，可能是因为在幼虫阶段个体都具有相同的遗传基础，而且还是透明的，不具备分泌色素到壳的功能。刘晓等(2003)采用杂交育种的方式已经育成了皱纹盘鲍“中国红”品系，壳色基因已达纯合，建立了12个“中国红”同胞或半同胞家系，并进行了规模繁育，为皱纹盘鲍的养殖产业提供了一个很好的发展方向。王庆恒等(2008)建立了马氏珠母贝褐色、红色、黄色和白色壳色选育系，证实4个壳色选系F1在幼虫期的生长性状存在差异，白色选育系较其他选育系低。符韶等(2012)比较了马氏珠母贝4个壳色系作为插核贝，发现褐壳色系F3育种效果较好。朱晓闻，刘志刚等(2012)进行了马氏珠母贝四种壳色选育系F5的生长及遗传多样性分析，结果显示四种壳色选育系和对照组的生长性状之间均存在显著差异。这些壳色的选择都是基于壳表颜色，而基于外套膜颜色的选择还未见报道。In terms of research on shell color of shellfish in my country, according to the growth status of different shell color populations, the quantitative traits of bay scallop and wrinkled plate abalone have been selected, and new strains with clear phenotype and excellent traits have been obtained. Zhang et al. (2003, 2005) have bred bay scallops of different colors such as pure orange red, pure black, pure purple, pure white, etc. using shell color as a marker, and established the "shell color-quantitative traits compound selection and automatic The breeding model of "cross-directed breeding-small group balance" has bred a new variety of "Zhongke Honghai Bay Scallop". More than 95% of the progeny individuals are orange-red shell color, the survival rate is increased by 15%-20%, and the growth rate is fast. Increase by 10%-15%, the meat output rate increased by more than 10%, and the shell thickness also increased significantly. In the growth stage, among different shell colors at the same age, the individuals of the white family are significantly larger than those of the orange and purple individuals; in July and August when the temperature is high, the survival rate of the white family is the highest (because the white shell absorbs more light and heat than the orange and purple individuals) It is easier to adapt to the environment of high temperature and strong light), and found that in the larval stage, there is no main relationship between the growth traits and survival rate of bay scallop individuals and shell color, which may be because individuals in the larval stage have the same genetic basis , but also transparent, does not have the function of secreting pigment into the shell. Liu Xiao et al. (2003) have bred the "China Red" strain of wrinkled plate abalone by means of cross breeding, the shell color gene has reached homozygosity, established 12 "China Red" compatriots or half-sib families, and carried out large-scale breeding , providing a good development direction for the aquaculture industry of wrinkled plate abalone. Wang Qingheng et al. (2008) established brown, red, yellow and white shell color breeding lines of Pinctada martensii, and confirmed that there were differences in the growth traits of the four shell color selection lines F 1 at the larval stage. Breeding is low. Fu Shao et al. (2012) compared 4 shell color systems of Pinctada martensii as insert shells, and found that the breeding effect of brown shell color F 3 was better. Zhu Xiaowen, Liu Zhigang et al. (2012) analyzed the growth and genetic diversity of the four-shell color breeding line F 5 of Pinctada martensii. The results showed that there were differences between the growth traits of the four shell-color breeding lines and the control group. Significant differences. The selection of these shell colors is based on the color of the shell surface, and the selection based on the color of the mantle has not been reported.
发明内容：Invention content:
本发明的目的是提供一种能简单的培育出金唇(外套膜缘为金黄色)，同时贝壳外表壳色为金黄色的金黄壳色马氏珠母贝的制种方法，制出的金黄壳色马氏珠母贝可降低育珠贝的死亡率和吐珠率，提高产品经济效益。The purpose of the present invention is to provide a kind of seed production method that can simply cultivate golden lip (the mantle edge is golden yellow), and the outer shell color of the shell is golden yellow. The shell-colored Pinctada martensii can reduce the mortality rate and spit-out rate of pearl oysters, and improve the economic benefits of the product.
本发明的金黄壳色马氏珠母贝的制种方法，其特征在于，包括以下步骤：The seed production method of golden yellow shell color Pinctada martensii of the present invention is characterized in that, comprises the following steps:
a、亲本挑选：从野生马氏珠母贝(Pinctada martensii Dunker)群体中挑选壳表颜色为金黄色，同时前耳端外套膜缘为金黄色的个体作为亲本；A, parent selection: from the wild Pinctada martensii Dunker (Pinctada martensii Dunker) population, select the shell surface color as golden yellow, and the individuality of front ear end mantle edge is golden yellow as parent;
b、制种：将步骤a雌雄马氏珠母贝亲本进行单交配种，对各单交组分别培育，严格隔离进行育苗和养殖，按壳表颜色和前耳端外套膜缘颜色都为金黄色的性状选择1-2代，获得马氏珠母贝家系；B, seed production: the male and female Pinctada martensii parents of step a are carried out single-cross breeding, each single-cross group is cultivated respectively, and strict isolation is carried out for seedling cultivation and cultivation, and the color of the shell surface and the color of the mantle edge of the front ear end are all golden Yellow traits are selected for 1-2 generations, and the Pinctada martensii family is obtained;
c、扩繁：从步骤b的马氏珠母贝家系中选择壳表颜色为金黄色的个体占比达80％以上的家系作种贝，从中挑选壳表颜色为金黄色的马氏珠母贝进行群体内自繁或与其他群体杂交，获得杂交子代；c, multiplication: from the Pinnacle martensii families in step b, select the families whose shell surface color is golden yellow and account for more than 80% of the families as seed shells, and choose the Pinnacle martensii with golden yellow shell surface color Shellfish carry out self-propagation within the population or hybridize with other populations to obtain hybrid offspring;
d、育珠：从杂交子代中选择壳表颜色为金黄色的个体作为育珠母贝，该育珠母贝即为金黄壳色马氏珠母贝，其壳表颜色为金黄色，同时前耳端外套膜缘为金黄色。d, breeding pearls: from the hybrid progeny, select the individual whose shell surface color is golden yellow as the pearl oyster, this pearl oyster is the golden yellow shell color Pinctada martensii, and its shell surface color is golden yellow, at the same time The edge of the mantle at the front of the ear is golden yellow.
所述的步骤a的亲本挑选是从野生马氏珠母贝群体中挑选贝壳表面为金黄壳色的个体，用开口器打开其贝壳，肉眼观察外套膜缘的颜色，挑选颜色也为金黄色、性腺较饱满个体作为亲本。The selection of the parent of described step a is to select the individual whose shell surface is golden yellow shell color from the wild Pinctada martensii population, open its shell with an opener, observe the color of the mantle edge with the naked eye, and select the color is also golden yellow, Individuals with fuller gonads were used as parents.
所述的步骤b的制种是将步骤a雌雄马氏珠母贝亲本进行促熟蓄养，按常规方法进行单对配对单交配种，对各单交组分别培育，严格隔离进行育苗和养殖，建立家系，选择金黄壳色比例高的家系作为亲本，按壳表颜色和前耳端外套膜缘颜色都为金黄色的性状选择1-2代，获得马氏珠母贝家系。The seed production in the step b is to promote the maturation of the male and female Pinctada martensii parents in step a, carry out single-pair pairing and single-cross breeding according to conventional methods, cultivate each single-cross group separately, and carry out seedling cultivation and cultivation in strict isolation. Set up a family line, select the family line with a high golden-yellow shell color ratio as the parent, and select 1-2 generations for the traits that the shell surface color and the mantle edge color of the front ear end are golden yellow, and obtain the Pinctada martensii family line.
本发明的亲贝选择为双性状选择，即壳表颜色为金黄色，同时前耳端外套膜缘为金黄色，在制种时候采用单交繁育后代，并对单交组合以壳表颜色和前耳端外套膜缘颜色都为金黄色进行选择，以纯化壳色，扩繁时候采用群体内自繁或者群体间交配获得金黄壳色马氏珠母贝。The parent shell selection of the present invention is a double-character selection, that is, the color of the shell surface is golden yellow, and the mantle edge of the front ear end is golden yellow at the same time. When producing seeds, single crosses are used to breed offspring, and the single cross combination is based on the color of the shell surface and the color of the shell surface. The color of the mantle border at the front ear end is golden yellow to purify the shell color. When multiplying, the golden yellow shell color Pinctada martensii is obtained by self-propagation within the group or inter-group mating.
本发明人在马氏珠母贝的遗传育种研究过程中发现壳表颜色为金黄色，外套膜缘也呈金黄色的性状能遗传，因此通过本发明的制种方法可较为简单地培育很出金唇(外套膜缘为金黄色)，同时贝壳外表壳色为金黄色的马氏珠母贝，不需通过转基因或化学药物处理等复杂技术比例可使金黄壳色比例达60％以上，因此该产品对生物和环境安全没有影响。本发明获得的金黄壳色马氏珠母贝可降低育珠贝的死亡率和吐珠率，提高产品经济效益。The present inventor found that the color of the shell surface is golden yellow, and the mantle edge is also golden yellow in the process of genetic breeding research of Pinctada martensii. Therefore, the seed production method of the present invention can be relatively simply cultivated. Golden lip (the mantle edge is golden yellow), and the outer shell color of Pinctada martensii is golden yellow. The proportion of golden yellow shell color can reach more than 60% without the need for complex technologies such as genetic modification or chemical drug treatment. Therefore, The product has no effect on biological and environmental safety. The golden-yellow shell color Pinctada martensii obtained by the invention can reduce the death rate and spit-out rate of the pearl oyster, and improve the economic benefit of the product.
具体实施方式：detailed description:
以下实施例是对本发明的进一步说明，而不是对本发明的限制。The following examples are to further illustrate the present invention, rather than limit the present invention.
实施例1：Example 1:
步骤一：亲贝来源为深圳野生马氏珠母贝(Pinctada martensii Dunker)，数量2000个，壳表颜色为金黄色的个体，用开口器打开贝壳约0.5cm-1cm大小，检测其前耳端外套膜缘的颜色，挑选出外套膜缘为金黄色的个体。从挑选的个体中选择性腺较饱满个体，贝龄2龄；于室内蓄养5天，水温达25℃以上，进行常温培养。蓄养期间，每天换水一次，且投喂充足的饵料，促进性腺的进一步发育成生理成熟状态。受精采用单交，分别吸取精卵于盛有过滤海水的烧杯中，收集的精卵经筛绢过滤，除去杂质及组织碎片。并迅速将卵加入盛有体积分数0.005％的氨海水的平底玻璃容器中，停留10分钟，然后加入适量的精子，并混匀让其受精。受精发育水温在26℃。换水两次以洗去多余的精子。常规方式培育和养殖。1个黄壳家系(第一代)中黄壳比例为44％。Step 1: The source of parent shellfish is Shenzhen wild Pinctada martensii Dunker (Pinctada martensii Dunker), the number is 2,000, and the color of the shell surface is golden yellow. Use a mouther to open the shell to a size of about 0.5cm-1cm, and check the front ear. The color of the mantle border, select the individuals whose mantle border is golden yellow. Select individuals with fuller glands from the selected individuals, and the shellfish age is 2 years old; they are kept indoors for 5 days, and the water temperature is above 25°C, and they are cultured at room temperature. During the breeding period, the water is changed once a day, and sufficient bait is fed to promote the further development of the gonads into a physiologically mature state. The fertilization adopts single crossing, and the sperm eggs are respectively drawn into the beaker filled with filtered sea water, and the collected sperm eggs are filtered through a sieve to remove impurities and tissue fragments. And quickly add the ovum into the flat-bottomed glass container filled with 0.005% ammonia seawater by volume fraction, stay for 10 minutes, then add an appropriate amount of sperm, and mix well to allow it to be fertilized. The water temperature for fertilization and development is 26°C. Change the water twice to wash off excess sperm. Cultivated and bred in a conventional manner. The proportion of yellow shell in a yellow shell family (first generation) was 44%.
步骤二：再从步骤一得到的第一代的黄壳家系中选择壳表颜色为金黄色的个体，用开口器打开贝壳约0.5cm-1cm大小，检测其前耳端外套膜缘的颜色，挑选出外套膜缘为金黄色的个体。从挑选的个体中选择性腺较饱满个体，贝龄2龄；于室内蓄养5天，水温达25℃以上，进行常温培养。蓄养期间，每天换水一次，且投喂充足的饵料，促进性腺的进一步发育成生理成熟状态。受精采用单交，分别吸取精卵于盛有过滤海水的烧杯中，收集的精卵经筛绢过滤，除去杂质及组织碎片。并迅速将卵加入盛有体积分数0.005％的氨海水的平底玻璃容器中，停留10分钟，然后加入适量的精子，并混匀让其受精。受精发育水温在26℃。换水两次以洗去多余的精子。常规方式培育和养殖，得到第二代的黄壳家系(马氏珠母贝家系)，金黄壳色(壳表颜色为金黄色)的个体比例为73％-83％，选择该金黄壳色的个体比例为83％的家系作为亲本(种贝)，从中选择壳表颜色为金黄色的个体进行群体内交配，取雌贝4只，雄贝4只，剖取法收集精卵，用体积分数0.006％的氨海水处理卵10分钟，然后加入精子在水温23℃下受精，而后用过滤海水两次换水，常规养殖，获得子代群体1，子代群体1中金黄色马氏珠母贝(壳表颜色为金黄色，同时前耳端外套膜缘为金黄色)的比例为83％。雌性金黄壳色贝(上述83％的家系中的金黄色的个体亲本)与雄性褐色个体群体交配，按照同样方法获得子代群体2，其中的金黄色马氏珠母贝(壳表颜色为金黄色，同时前耳端外套膜缘为金黄色)的比例为61％；雄性金黄壳色贝(上述83％的家系中的金黄色的个体亲本)与雌性褐色个体群体交配，按照同样方法获得子代群体3，其中金黄色马氏珠母贝(壳表颜色为金黄色，同时前耳端外套膜缘为金黄色)的比例为69％。从子代群体1、2、3中挑选壳表颜色为金黄色，同时前耳端外套膜缘为金黄色的个体作为育珠贝，进行常规育珠和养殖管理，在植核1个月检查育珠贝死亡率和吐珠率。金黄壳色贝的死亡率为12％，较褐色贝低6个百分点；吐珠率为18％，较褐色贝低16个百分点。Step 2: From the first-generation yellow-shell family obtained in step 1, select individuals whose shell surface color is golden yellow, use a mouther to open the shell to a size of about 0.5cm-1cm, and detect the color of the mantle border at the front ear end. Pick out individuals whose mantle border is golden yellow. Select individuals with fuller glands from the selected individuals, and the shellfish age is 2 years old; they are kept indoors for 5 days, and the water temperature is above 25°C, and they are cultured at room temperature. During the breeding period, the water is changed once a day, and sufficient bait is fed to promote the further development of the gonads into a physiologically mature state. The fertilization adopts single crossing, and the sperm eggs are respectively drawn into the beaker filled with filtered sea water, and the collected sperm eggs are filtered through a sieve to remove impurities and tissue fragments. And quickly add the ovum into the flat-bottomed glass container filled with 0.005% ammonia seawater by volume fraction, stay for 10 minutes, then add an appropriate amount of sperm, and mix well to allow it to be fertilized. The water temperature for fertilization and development is 26°C. Change the water twice to wash off excess sperm. Cultivate and breed in a conventional way to obtain the second generation of the yellow-shell family (Pearl mori family), the proportion of individuals with golden-yellow shell color (the color of the shell surface is golden yellow) is 73%-83%, and the golden-yellow shell color is selected. The family with an individual ratio of 83% was used as the parents (breed shellfish), and the individuals whose shell surface color was golden yellow were selected for intergroup mating. 4 female shellfish and 4 male shellfish were taken. 10% of ammonia seawater to process eggs for 10 minutes, then add sperm to fertilize at a water temperature of 23° C., then change the water twice with filtered seawater, conventional culture, and obtain progeny group 1, golden yellow Pinctada martensii in progeny group 1 ( The color of the shell surface is golden yellow, and the mantle border of the front ear is golden yellow) the proportion is 83%. Female golden-yellow shellfish (golden-yellow individual parents in the above-mentioned 83% family) are mated with male brown-colored individual groups, and the offspring group 2 is obtained in the same way, wherein the golden-yellow pinctada martensii (the color of the shell surface is golden yellow, and the mantle border at the front ear end is golden yellow) is 61%; the male golden shell (the individual parent of the golden yellow in the above 83% of the families) is mated with the female brown individual, and the offspring are obtained in the same way. In generation group 3, the proportion of golden yellow Pinctada martensii (the color of the shell surface is golden yellow, and the mantle border of the front ear end is golden yellow) is 69%. Select the individuals whose shell surface color is golden yellow and the mantle border at the front ear end is golden yellow from the progeny groups 1, 2, and 3 as pearl oysters, and carry out conventional pearl breeding and culture management, and check one month after the nucleus is planted. Mortality and spit rate of pearl oysters. The mortality rate of golden shellfish was 12%, which was 6 percentage points lower than that of brown shellfish; the beading rate was 18%, which was 16 percentage points lower than that of brown shellfish.
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Cited By (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN111213602A (en) * | 2020-01-14 | 2020-06-02 | 广东荣辉珍珠养殖有限公司 | Fertilization seedling raising method for culturing inner shell yellow pinctada martensii into inner shell deep yellow golden pinctada martensii |
| CN111972332A (en) * | 2020-08-31 | 2020-11-24 | 北部湾大学 | Method for breeding small-sized new variety of pinctada fucata |
| CN112931329A (en) * | 2021-02-23 | 2021-06-11 | 广东海洋大学 | Method for cultivating golden yellow free nucleated pearls |
| CN113303259A (en) * | 2021-06-25 | 2021-08-27 | 广东海洋大学 | Method for breeding pinctada martensii strain with high pearl yield |
| CN113373245A (en) * | 2021-07-14 | 2021-09-10 | 广东海洋大学 | Method for cultivating improved variety of pinctada martensii with golden yellow shell color character based on whole genome selection |
| CN114342847A (en) * | 2022-01-20 | 2022-04-15 | 中国科学院南海海洋研究所 | A kind of seed production method for improving the growth of golden-hulled Pinctada martensii |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN105900874A (en) * | 2016-04-22 | 2016-08-31 | 广东海洋大学 | Cultivating method of new breeding strain of pinctada martensii with high carotenoid content |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN105900874A (en) * | 2016-04-22 | 2016-08-31 | 广东海洋大学 | Cultivating method of new breeding strain of pinctada martensii with high carotenoid content |
Cited By (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN111213602A (en) * | 2020-01-14 | 2020-06-02 | 广东荣辉珍珠养殖有限公司 | Fertilization seedling raising method for culturing inner shell yellow pinctada martensii into inner shell deep yellow golden pinctada martensii |
| CN111972332A (en) * | 2020-08-31 | 2020-11-24 | 北部湾大学 | Method for breeding small-sized new variety of pinctada fucata |
| CN112931329A (en) * | 2021-02-23 | 2021-06-11 | 广东海洋大学 | Method for cultivating golden yellow free nucleated pearls |
| CN113303259A (en) * | 2021-06-25 | 2021-08-27 | 广东海洋大学 | Method for breeding pinctada martensii strain with high pearl yield |
| CN113373245A (en) * | 2021-07-14 | 2021-09-10 | 广东海洋大学 | Method for cultivating improved variety of pinctada martensii with golden yellow shell color character based on whole genome selection |
| CN114342847A (en) * | 2022-01-20 | 2022-04-15 | 中国科学院南海海洋研究所 | A kind of seed production method for improving the growth of golden-hulled Pinctada martensii |
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