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CN106570666A - Intelligent control system for express delivery transportation device - Google Patents

Intelligent control system for express delivery transportation device Download PDF

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CN106570666A
CN106570666A CN201610941822.9A CN201610941822A CN106570666A CN 106570666 A CN106570666 A CN 106570666A CN 201610941822 A CN201610941822 A CN 201610941822A CN 106570666 A CN106570666 A CN 106570666A
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CN106570666B (en
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朱磊
张媛
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Beijing Institute of Graphic Communication
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    • G07F17/12Coin-freed apparatus for hiring articles; Coin-freed facilities or services for means for safe-keeping of property, left temporarily, e.g. by fastening the property comprising lockable containers, e.g. for accepting clothes to be cleaned
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B64AIRCRAFT; AVIATION; COSMONAUTICS
    • B64UUNMANNED AERIAL VEHICLES [UAV]; EQUIPMENT THEREFOR
    • B64U2101/00UAVs specially adapted for particular uses or applications

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Abstract

本发明提供一种应用于快递运输装置的智能控制系统,该控制系统包括监控中心、车载总控子系统、快递柜控制子系统、自动堆垛机控制子系统、无人机控制子系统。车载总控子系统与其他子系统实时通信,其根据汽车行驶状态、快件分配领取情况对各子系统进行不同策略控制,实现车载快递柜配送以及无人机配送的按需服务。本发明设计的汽车、快递柜、无人机相结合的配送运输装置的智能控制系统,能够减少劳动力、车辆、燃料等资源消耗,提高偏远地区的快件配送效率。

The present invention provides an intelligent control system applied to express transportation devices. The control system includes a monitoring center, a vehicle-mounted master control subsystem, an express cabinet control subsystem, an automatic stacker control subsystem, and an unmanned aerial vehicle control subsystem. The vehicle-mounted master control subsystem communicates with other subsystems in real time. It controls each subsystem with different strategies according to the driving status of the vehicle and the distribution and collection of express parcels, so as to realize the on-demand service of vehicle-mounted express cabinet delivery and drone delivery. The intelligent control system of the distribution and transportation device combined with automobiles, express cabinets and drones designed by the present invention can reduce the consumption of labor, vehicles, fuel and other resources, and improve the efficiency of express delivery in remote areas.

Description

一种应用于快递运输装置的智能控制系统An intelligent control system applied to express transportation device

技术领域technical field

本发明涉及快递运输领域,尤其涉及一种快递末端配送的智能控制技术。The invention relates to the field of express transportation, in particular to an intelligent control technology for express terminal delivery.

背景技术Background technique

随着电子商务和网络购物的快速发展,农村、远郊区县等偏远地区的快递配送问题越来越凸显。目前,此类地区的配送方式仍以传统的人背肩扛为主,即使地理环境较好地区的配送员可以驾驶机动/电动配送车辆进行配送,但配送过程所花费的时间和行驶的路程比城市中配送要大的多,从而导致配送效率低、配送资源消耗严重。With the rapid development of e-commerce and online shopping, the problem of express delivery in remote areas such as rural areas and outer suburbs has become more and more prominent. At present, the delivery method in such areas is still dominated by traditional people carrying on their shoulders. Even if delivery personnel in areas with better geographical environment can drive motorized/electric delivery vehicles for delivery, the time spent in the delivery process is relatively long compared to the distance traveled. The distribution in cities is much larger, resulting in low distribution efficiency and serious consumption of distribution resources.

现有的快递末端配送以人力配送和快递柜配送两种成熟配送方式为主,同时,无人机配送等先进配送方式也正在研究和初步应用之中。人力配送无疑需要大量的配送员和配送车辆,配送成本高,且人力配送过程中往往存在误取等情况,配送错误率高。快递柜配送方式在需要在固定地点建设快递柜硬件设施,需专人进行快递柜管理,前期经济投入较大,而且对于无法自取的快件并无后续配送安排,配送方式不够灵活。目前正在发展中的无人机配送方式大多需要人为参与,以进行快件固定或无人机遥控等,并未节约人力成本。The existing express terminal delivery is mainly based on two mature delivery methods: human delivery and express cabinet delivery. At the same time, advanced delivery methods such as drone delivery are also being studied and initially applied. Human distribution undoubtedly requires a large number of distribution personnel and distribution vehicles, the distribution cost is high, and there are often situations such as mistaking during the human distribution process, and the distribution error rate is high. The express cabinet delivery method requires the construction of express cabinet hardware facilities at fixed locations, and requires special personnel to manage the express cabinets. The initial economic investment is relatively large, and there is no follow-up delivery arrangement for express items that cannot be picked up by themselves, so the delivery method is not flexible enough. Most of the UAV distribution methods currently under development require human participation for express delivery or UAV remote control, which does not save labor costs.

本发明所要解决的技术问题是:一、传统快递柜需要在固定地点建设无法移动,配送方式不灵活;二、农村、远郊、别墅区等较偏远或人口较稀少地区的快件配送困难。为了解决上述技术问题,本发明提出并设计了一种应用于快递运输装置的智能控制系统,能够减少劳动力、车辆、燃料等资源消耗,提高偏远地区的快件配送效率。The technical problems to be solved by the present invention are: 1. Traditional express cabinets need to be built in a fixed location and cannot be moved, and the delivery method is inflexible; In order to solve the above technical problems, the present invention proposes and designs an intelligent control system applied to express transportation devices, which can reduce the consumption of labor, vehicles, fuel and other resources, and improve the efficiency of express delivery in remote areas.

发明内容Contents of the invention

本发明为了解决上述技术问题,具体采取了如下技术方案:该快递运输装置包括智能运输车以及设置在智能运输车上的快递柜、自动堆垛机、无人机,该控制系统包括监控中心、车载总控子系统、快递柜控制子系统、自动堆垛机控制子系统、无人机控制子系统,In order to solve the above-mentioned technical problems, the present invention specifically adopts the following technical scheme: the express delivery device includes an intelligent transport vehicle and an express cabinet arranged on the intelligent transport vehicle, an automatic stacker, and an unmanned aerial vehicle; the control system includes a monitoring center, Vehicle master control subsystem, express cabinet control subsystem, automatic stacker control subsystem, drone control subsystem,

车载总控子系统包括:通信模块,用于与监控中心、快递柜控制子系统、自动堆垛机控制子系统、无人机控制子系统通信;自动驾驶模块,用于智能运输车的自动控制;配送任务管理模块,用于自取快件的短信发送和无人机配送任务分配;应急处理模块,用于接收和发送异常和报错信息,以及根据应急预案执行应急处理;The vehicle-mounted master control subsystem includes: a communication module for communicating with the monitoring center, express cabinet control subsystem, automatic stacker control subsystem, and UAV control subsystem; an automatic driving module for automatic control of intelligent transport vehicles ;The delivery task management module is used for sending SMS messages for self-collection express delivery and assigning drone delivery tasks; the emergency handling module is used for receiving and sending abnormal and error information, and performing emergency handling according to the emergency plan;

快递柜控制子系统包括:通信模块,用于和车载总控子系统通信以及接收取件人输入的取件信息;柜门控制模块,用于控制柜门的开启和锁闭;传送带控制模块,用于控制储物格的传送履带装置的开启和锁闭;The express cabinet control subsystem includes: a communication module, which is used to communicate with the vehicle-mounted master control subsystem and receive the pick-up information input by the picker; a cabinet door control module, which is used to control the opening and locking of the cabinet door; a conveyor belt control module, For controlling the opening and closing of the conveying crawler unit of the storage compartment;

自动堆垛机控制子系统包括:通信模块:用于和车载总控子系统通信;取送件控制模块:用于取出储物格的快件并送至无人机的取货口;The automatic stacker control subsystem includes: communication module: used to communicate with the vehicle-mounted master control subsystem; pick-up and delivery control module: used to take out the express from the storage compartment and send it to the pick-up port of the drone;

无人机控制子系统包括:通信模块,用于和和车载总控子系统通信;机械抓手控制模块,用于控制机械抓手抓取和固定待配送快件;自动飞行模块,用于控制无人机根据规划的路径自动飞行至目的地。The UAV control subsystem includes: a communication module, used to communicate with the vehicle-mounted master control subsystem; a mechanical gripper control module, used to control the mechanical gripper to grab and fix the express to be delivered; an automatic flight module, used to control the drone The man-machine automatically flies to the destination according to the planned path.

优选地,所述配送任务管理模块对有无人机配送需求的快件和无无人机配送需求的快件进行分类,并按路程远近为有无人机配送需求的快件安排配送排序;所述配送任务管理模块还根据无人机的状态信息和待配送快件等相关信息,判断无人机是否能够完成配送任务,为待配送快件分配可完成配送任务的无人机,并记录无人机配送任务的实时完成情况和自取快件的实时取件情况。Preferably, the delivery task management module classifies the express shipments with drone delivery requirements and the express shipments without drone delivery requirements, and arranges the delivery order for the express shipments with drone delivery requirements according to the distance; the delivery The task management module also judges whether the drone can complete the delivery task based on the status information of the drone and related information such as the shipment to be delivered, allocates a drone that can complete the delivery task for the shipment to be delivered, and records the delivery task of the drone The real-time completion status and the real-time pick-up status of self-pickup express.

优选地,所述柜门控制模块识别汽车是否处于行驶状态,若处于行驶状态,则控制所有柜门自动锁闭;读取和核实取件人输入的取件信息,若核实信息正确则打开快递柜的朝向车身外侧的柜门。Preferably, the cabinet door control module identifies whether the car is in a driving state, and if it is in a driving state, then controls all cabinet doors to be automatically locked; reads and verifies the pickup information input by the picker, and opens the express delivery if the verification information is correct. The cabinet door of the cabinet facing the outside of the vehicle body.

优选地,所述取送件控制模块读取待取快件的储物格位置和待出发无人机的编号;控制自动堆垛机的载物平台移动至待取快件的储物格处,并将载物平台高度调整至与储物格底部一致;所述取送件控制模块识别无人机取货口,并上升载物平台将快件送至无人机取货口。Preferably, the pick-up and delivery control module reads the position of the storage compartment of the express to be picked up and the serial number of the unmanned aerial vehicle to be set off; controls the loading platform of the automatic stacker to move to the storage compartment of the express to be picked up, and Adjust the height of the loading platform to be consistent with the bottom of the storage compartment; the pick-up and delivery control module identifies the pick-up port of the drone, and raises the loading platform to send the express to the pick-up port of the drone.

本发明具有如下有益效果:The present invention has following beneficial effects:

(1)整体配送过程可实现无人化操作,显著降低人力成本;(1) The overall distribution process can realize unmanned operation, significantly reducing labor costs;

(2)将快递柜和汽车结合,实现了可移动式快递柜,相比于目前普遍使用的固定位置快递柜,可降低快递柜的硬件投入和管理成本,提高快递柜的使用效率;(2) Combining the express cabinet with the car, the mobile express cabinet is realized. Compared with the commonly used fixed-position express cabinet, it can reduce the hardware investment and management cost of the express cabinet, and improve the use efficiency of the express cabinet;

(3)可同时实现快递柜配送和无人机配送两种配送方式,并将两种配送方式有机结合,对于取件人无法自取且有到门配送需求的情况,可实时安排无人机进行配送,比普通快递柜和单一无人机配送的配送效率高。(3) It can realize two delivery methods of express cabinet delivery and drone delivery at the same time, and organically combine the two delivery methods. For the situation where the picker cannot pick up the package himself and has a door-to-door delivery demand, the drone can be arranged in real time Delivery is more efficient than ordinary express cabinets and single drone delivery.

附图说明Description of drawings

图1为本发明运输装置结构侧视示意图。Fig. 1 is a schematic side view of the structure of the transportation device of the present invention.

图2为本发明运输装置结构俯视示意图。Fig. 2 is a schematic top view of the structure of the transportation device of the present invention.

图3为本发明运输装置结构后视示意图。Fig. 3 is a schematic rear view of the structure of the transportation device of the present invention.

图4为快递柜运输装置结构整体布置示意图。Fig. 4 is a schematic diagram of the overall layout of the express cabinet transportation device.

图5为本发明的控制系统结构图。Fig. 5 is a structural diagram of the control system of the present invention.

具体实施方式detailed description

1、系统硬件组成(装置)1. System hardware composition (device)

整体系统的硬件由智能运输车、快递柜、堆垛机、无人机等4大部分组成。The hardware of the overall system consists of four major parts: intelligent transport vehicles, express cabinets, stackers, and drones.

(1)智能运输车(1) Intelligent transport vehicle

智能运输车是快递柜、堆垛机、无人机等装置的载体。如图1-3所示,汽车头部有较小的驾驶空间,可供1位驾驶员或操作员活动;汽车中后部为三面U型快递柜,即汽车后部车厢的左右两侧和后侧均由快递柜封闭组成,三面U型快递柜的中空处放置小型自动堆垛机;汽车顶部有2块停机位用于停放2架无人机,每块停机位的中间部分有一矩形出货口,用于无人机抓取快件。Intelligent transport vehicles are the carriers of express cabinets, stackers, drones and other devices. As shown in Figure 1-3, there is a small driving space at the head of the car, which can be used by a driver or operator; the middle and rear of the car are three-sided U-shaped express cabinets, that is, the left and right sides of the rear compartment of the car and The back side is composed of closed express cabinets, and a small automatic stacker is placed in the hollow of the U-shaped express cabinet on three sides; there are 2 parking spaces on the top of the car for parking 2 drones, and the middle part of each parking space has a rectangular exit. The cargo port is used for drones to grab express shipments.

驱动方式:电力驱动,续航里程不低于150km。Drive mode: Electric drive, cruising range not less than 150km.

尺寸:长3.70m,宽1.60m,高1.90m(参考小型面包车尺寸)Dimensions: length 3.70m, width 1.60m, height 1.90m (refer to the size of a small van)

(2)U型内外侧双门快递柜(2) U-shaped inner and outer double-door express cabinet

快递柜主要用于存放待配送快件,并与自动堆垛机和无人机配合完成无法自取的快件的配送。快递柜位于汽车中后部的车厢位置,共有左侧、右侧和后侧三面,三面快递柜组成U型组合,如图4所示。Express cabinets are mainly used to store express items to be delivered, and cooperate with automatic stackers and drones to complete the delivery of express items that cannot be picked up by themselves. The express cabinet is located in the middle and rear compartment of the car, and has three sides: left, right and rear. The three-sided express cabinet forms a U-shaped combination, as shown in Figure 4.

U型快递柜的每一面均有多个储物格,每个储物格内放置1件待配送快件,其内外两侧均有柜门。外侧柜门为现有快递柜常用的向外开启的合页式柜门,在取件人正确输入取件验证信息后自动打开,取完快件后由取件人关闭。内侧柜门为横向(左右向)推拉式柜门(为便于自动堆垛机接出其中快件),在自动堆垛机前来取件时自动打开。储物格底部带有小型自动传送履带装置,在自动堆垛机前来取件时传送带装置自动启动,将内部快件送出。There are multiple storage compartments on each side of the U-shaped express cabinet, and one express shipment to be delivered is placed in each storage compartment, and there are cabinet doors on both inner and outer sides. The outer cabinet door is a hinge-type cabinet door that is commonly used to open outwards in existing express cabinets. It is automatically opened after the picker correctly enters the pickup verification information, and is closed by the picker after taking the express. The inner cabinet door is a horizontal (left and right) push-pull cabinet door (in order to facilitate the automatic stacker to pick up the express items), which will be opened automatically when the automatic stacker comes to pick up the items. There is a small automatic conveying crawler device at the bottom of the storage compartment. When the automatic stacker comes to pick up the parts, the conveyor belt device will automatically start and send out the internal express.

单个储物格尺寸:一般为深0.45m,宽0.32m,高可变。The size of a single storage compartment: generally 0.45m deep, 0.32m wide, and variable height.

(3)小型自动堆垛机(3) Small automatic stacker

自动堆垛机主要用于需无人机配送的快件的传递,其作用是从快递柜中取出待配送快件并托送至汽车顶部的无人机取货口。自动堆垛机的工作空间仅限于U型快递柜的中空位置。该自动堆垛机不带货叉,仅带一载物平台,载物平台可水平、上下移动,水平移动依靠堆垛机底部的带轮驱动装置,上下移动依靠中部的液压或履带式驱动装置(类似单柱巷道式自动堆垛机)。The automatic stacker is mainly used for the delivery of express shipments that need to be delivered by drones. Its function is to take out the express shipments to be delivered from the express cabinet and send them to the drone pick-up port on the top of the car. The working space of the automatic stacker is limited to the hollow position of the U-shaped express cabinet. The automatic stacker does not have a fork, but only a loading platform. The loading platform can move horizontally and up and down. The horizontal movement depends on the pulley drive device at the bottom of the stacker, and the up and down movement depends on the hydraulic or crawler drive device in the middle. (similar to single-column roadway automatic stacker).

自动堆垛机到快递柜的储物格取件时,载物平台自动移动至相应储物格的内侧门门口位置,载物平台高度与储物格底部水平保持一致,储物格内的传送带将快件送出到载物平台上,载物平台再将快件上托至车顶的无人机取货口,待快件送到取货口后,快递柜内柜门关闭,储物格的传送带装置自动停止。When the automatic stacker picks up the items from the storage compartment of the express cabinet, the loading platform automatically moves to the position of the inner door of the corresponding storage compartment. The height of the loading platform is consistent with the bottom level of the storage compartment. The conveyor belt in the storage compartment Send the express mail to the loading platform, and the loading platform lifts the express mail to the drone pick-up port on the roof. After the express mail is delivered to the pick-up port, the door of the express cabinet is closed, and the conveyor belt device of the storage compartment Automatic stop.

(4)带机械抓手的无人机(4) UAV with mechanical gripper

无人机主要用于配送无法从快递柜自取快件(如地形原因不便配送,或收件人有配送到门的需求)。该无人机为四翼小型无人机,底部装有小型机械抓手,机械抓手包括驱动电机、连杆机构、机械爪。需配送的快件由自动堆垛机送至取货口后,底部的小型机械抓手自动抓取并固定快件,待达到收货地点时机械抓手松开可自动卸下货物。UAVs are mainly used to deliver express items that cannot be picked up from the express cabinet (for example, the terrain is inconvenient for delivery, or the recipient has a demand for door-to-door delivery). The UAV is a small four-wing UAV with a small mechanical gripper at the bottom. The mechanical gripper includes a drive motor, a linkage mechanism, and a mechanical claw. After the express mail to be delivered is sent to the pick-up port by the automatic stacker, the small mechanical gripper at the bottom automatically grabs and fixes the express mail. When it reaches the receiving location, the mechanical gripper is released to automatically unload the goods.

在具体的收货地点,需要预先留出平整的停机坪位置,停机坪上有特殊的符号表示,以便无人机通过图像识别确认停机坪位置后准确降落。At the specific receiving location, it is necessary to reserve a flat apron position in advance, and there are special symbols on the apron, so that the UAV can land accurately after confirming the apron position through image recognition.

性能:最大续航时间不低于60分钟,最大载重不低于5Kg,性能要求载重3Kg时飞行时间不低于30分钟,飞行半径不小于10km。Performance: The maximum endurance time is not less than 60 minutes, the maximum load is not less than 5Kg, the performance requirements are that the flight time is not less than 30 minutes when the load is 3Kg, and the flight radius is not less than 10km.

2、控制系统(通信和软件)2. Control system (communication and software)

整体控制系统分为车载总控子系统、快递柜控制子系统、自动堆垛机控制子系统、无人机控制子系统等四大部分,其中每一部分均可视为一个独立的自带存储、通信、分析计算功能的工业控制系统,以下分别介绍各部分的功能模块及其具体功能。The overall control system is divided into four major parts: vehicle-mounted master control subsystem, express cabinet control subsystem, automatic stacker control subsystem, and drone control subsystem. Each part can be regarded as an independent self-contained storage, The industrial control system with communication, analysis and calculation functions, the functional modules and specific functions of each part are introduced respectively below.

2.1车载总控子系统2.1 Vehicle Master Control Subsystem

(1)综合通信模块:负责与配送网点的综合监控中心的通信,采用4G移动网络的无线通信;(1) Integrated communication module: responsible for communication with the integrated monitoring center of the distribution network, using wireless communication of 4G mobile network;

接收调度员通过综合监控中心下达的配送任务,并在配送员将快递放入快递柜的过程中,导入待配送快件的信息(快递单号、收货人、收货人手机号、收货地址、快递柜储物格编号);Receive the delivery task issued by the dispatcher through the integrated monitoring center, and import the information of the express to be delivered (express number, consignee, consignee's mobile phone number, receiving address) when the dispatcher puts the express into the express cabinet , express cabinet storage compartment number);

发送当前配送任务的整体执行情况和各装备状态信息到配送网点的综合监控中心,主要包括:快件配送情况(已配送的快件、未配送和正在配送中的快件)、智能运输车自身状态信息(车辆电池、续航里程、车载摄像头实时图像)、无人机状态信息(无人机编号、是否正在执行任务、电池电量、续航里程、已配送完成的快件单号)、自动堆垛机状态信息(工作状态是否正常)、快递柜状态信息(储物格空满情况)、配送过程中的各类异常和错误信息等。Send the overall execution status of the current distribution task and the status information of each equipment to the comprehensive monitoring center of the distribution network, mainly including: the status of express shipments (delivered, undelivered, and being delivered), the status information of the intelligent transport vehicle ( Vehicle battery, cruising range, real-time image of the on-board camera), UAV status information (UAV number, whether it is performing tasks, battery power, cruising range, and delivered express order number), automatic stacker status information ( Whether the working status is normal), the status information of the express cabinet (the storage compartment is full), various abnormalities and error messages during the delivery process, etc.

(2)自动驾驶模块:负责智能运输车的自动控制(2) Automatic driving module: responsible for the automatic control of intelligent transport vehicles

自动识别目的地点;Automatically identify the destination point;

自动完成路径规划:当智能汽车只有1个目的地时,直接依据GPS导航进行点对点的行驶即可,当目的地个数大于1个时,需要进行路径规划以确定智能汽车需要达到的目的地的先后顺序。本发明采用基于遗传算法的路径规划算法,即,将各目的地进行编号并将此编号用实数编码方式进行个体编码,然后随机生成多个目的地排序方案,计算每个目的地排序方案所需走过的路程距离,以距离最短为目标函数,经过选择、交叉、变异等算法流程,确定出路程距离最短的排序方案,作为最终的路径规划结果;Automatic path planning: When the smart car has only one destination, it can directly drive point-to-point based on GPS navigation. When the number of destinations is more than one, path planning is required to determine the destination that the smart car needs to reach sequence. The present invention adopts the path planning algorithm based on genetic algorithm, that is, each destination is numbered and the number is individually coded with a real number coding method, and then a plurality of destination sorting schemes are randomly generated, and each destination sorting scheme is calculated. The distance traveled, with the shortest distance as the objective function, through selection, crossover, mutation and other algorithm processes, determine the sorting scheme with the shortest distance as the final path planning result;

自动GPS导航系统;Automatic GPS navigation system;

自动开启引擎行驶至目的地点;Automatically turn on the engine and drive to the destination;

自动识别配送地点的固定停车位;Automatic identification of fixed parking spaces at delivery locations;

自动停车入位;Automatic parking;

自动发送实时状态信息给综合通信模块。Automatically send real-time status information to the integrated communication module.

(3)配送任务管理模块:负责自取快件的短信发送和无人机配送任务分配;(3) Delivery task management module: responsible for sending SMS messages for self-collected express items and assigning drone delivery tasks;

自动查询和分类需无人机配送的和不需无人机配送的快件,并按路程远近为需无人机配送的快件安排配送排序;Automatically query and classify the shipments that need to be delivered by drones and those that do not, and arrange the delivery order for the shipments that need to be delivered by drones according to the distance;

自动发送取件短信(不需无人机配送快件的取件地址、取件码、有效时间等信息);Automatically send pick-up SMS (no need for pick-up address, pick-up code, valid time and other information of drone delivery express);

自动读取无人机通信模块中待命无人机的状态信息和待配送快件等相关信息(收货地址的距离、天气情况),自动判断待命无人机是否能够完成配送任务,并为待配送快件分配可完成配送任务的无人机;Automatically read the status information of the drone on standby in the communication module of the drone and related information such as the shipment to be delivered (distance to the receiving address, weather conditions), automatically judge whether the drone on standby can complete the delivery task, and prepare for the delivery Express shipments are assigned drones that can complete delivery tasks;

自动记录无人机配送任务的实时完成情况和自取快件的实时取件情况;Automatically record the real-time completion of drone delivery tasks and the real-time pick-up of self-collected express items;

(4)快递柜通信模块:负责与快递柜控制系统的通信,采用USB有线通信;(4) Express cabinet communication module: responsible for communication with the express cabinet control system, using USB wired communication;

自动发送综合通信模块中的快递柜与快件的匹配信息给快递柜控制系统(便于自取件的配送);Automatically send the matching information of the courier cabinet and the courier in the integrated communication module to the courier cabinet control system (facilitating the distribution of self-collection);

自动接收快递柜控制系统实时发来的快件配送情况和快递柜状态信息(储物格空满);Automatically receive the real-time delivery status of the express cabinet and the status information of the express cabinet (the storage compartment is full) sent by the express cabinet control system;

自动发送需要无人机配送的快件的单号给快递柜控制系统(便于快递柜控制系统打开相应储物格内侧柜门)。Automatically send the order number of the express that needs to be delivered by the drone to the express cabinet control system (to facilitate the express cabinet control system to open the inner cabinet door of the corresponding storage compartment).

(5)自动堆垛机通信模块:负责与自动堆垛机控制系统的通信,采用ZigBee无线通信(5) Automatic stacker communication module: responsible for communication with the automatic stacker control system, using ZigBee wireless communication

自动发送无人机配送任务信息(快件存放的储物格位置、无人机编号)给自动堆垛机控制系统(以使自动堆垛机能够自动移动至相应储物格处取出快件并送至车顶处相应的无人机取货口);Automatically send drone delivery task information (the location of the storage compartment where the express is stored, the number of the drone) to the automatic stacker control system (so that the automatic stacker can automatically move to the corresponding storage compartment to take out the express and send it to The corresponding drone pick-up port on the roof);

自动接收自动堆垛机控制系统发来的自动堆垛机状态信息。Automatically receive the status information of the automatic stacker from the automatic stacker control system.

(6)无人机通信模块:负责与无人机控制系统的通信,采用2.4GHz微波无线通信(6) UAV communication module: responsible for communication with the UAV control system, using 2.4GHz microwave wireless communication

自动发送需无人机配送的快件信息给无人机控制系统;Automatically send the express information that needs to be delivered by drone to the drone control system;

自动接收无人机的实时状态信息,包括飞行中无人机的状态信息(位置、飞行高度和图像)和待命无人机的状态信息(电池电量、续航里程)。Automatically receive the real-time status information of the drone, including the status information of the drone in flight (position, flight altitude and image) and the status information of the drone on standby (battery power, cruising range).

(7)应急处理模块(7) Emergency treatment module

自动接收快递柜控制系统、自动堆垛机控制系统、无人机控制系统发来的异常和报错信息;Automatically receive abnormal and error messages from the express cabinet control system, automatic stacker control system, and drone control system;

自动发送配送过程中的异常和错误信息给总通信模块;Automatically send abnormal and error information during the distribution process to the general communication module;

自动按已有的应急预案执行应急处理动作;Automatically execute emergency response actions according to the existing emergency plan;

*部分应急预案如下:*Some emergency plans are as follows:

*1智能运输车行驶途中遇意外情况(如交通事故、固定停车位被占无法停车等):将实时状态信息发送配送网点的综合监控中心,等待综合监控中心的进一步指令;*1 In case of unexpected situations (such as traffic accidents, fixed parking spaces occupied and unable to park, etc.) when the intelligent transport vehicle is driving: send the real-time status information to the comprehensive monitoring center of the distribution network, and wait for further instructions from the comprehensive monitoring center;

*2无人机飞行途中遇意外情况(如飞行中掉落、降落错误地点):自动判断是否失联,如已失联,则将无人机编号及其执行的配送任务信息报配送网点的综合监控中心;如未失联,给无人机控制系统发送指令,使其回传当前无人机状态信息(位置、高度、电量、图像)等;*2 When the UAV encounters an accident during flight (such as falling during the flight or landing at the wrong place): it will automatically determine whether it has lost contact. If it has lost contact, it will report the UAV number and the delivery task information it performed to the distribution network. Integrated monitoring center; if the connection is not lost, send instructions to the UAV control system to make it return the current UAV status information (position, altitude, power, image), etc.;

*3快递柜控制系统报错(如柜门无法打开、无法锁闭、储物格底部传送带无法工作):给快递柜控制系统发送指令,重新启动并执行相关命令,若问题仍未解决,将报错信息发送给总通信模块,并报配送网点的综合监控中心,同时,自动执行下一配送任务所要求的动作(举例,当前柜门无法打开,则在上报错误信息的同时,略过此任务,打开下一柜门,执行下一个配送任务)。*3 The express cabinet control system reports an error (such as the cabinet door cannot be opened, cannot be locked, and the conveyor belt at the bottom of the storage compartment cannot work): send instructions to the express cabinet control system, restart and execute relevant commands. If the problem is still not resolved, an error will be reported The information is sent to the general communication module and reported to the comprehensive monitoring center of the distribution network. At the same time, the action required by the next distribution task is automatically performed (for example, if the current cabinet door cannot be opened, this task will be skipped while reporting the error message, Open the door of the next cabinet to perform the next distribution task).

2.2快递柜控制子系统2.2 Express cabinet control subsystem

(1)通信模块:用于和车载总控系统的快递柜通信模块对接(1) Communication module: used for docking with the express cabinet communication module of the vehicle master control system

接收车载总控系统发来的指令和信息;Receive instructions and information from the vehicle master control system;

发送快递配送情况和快递柜状态信息给车载总控系统;Send express delivery status and express cabinet status information to the vehicle master control system;

接收取件人输入的取件信息;Receive the pick-up information input by the pick-up person;

(2)快递柜门动作控制模块:负责储物格外内侧柜门的自动开启和锁闭(2) Express cabinet door action control module: responsible for the automatic opening and locking of the inner cabinet door outside the storage area

自动识别汽车是否处于行驶状态(行驶时,所有柜门自动锁闭,到达停车点后解除锁闭);Automatically identify whether the car is in a driving state (when driving, all cabinet doors are automatically locked, and unlocked after reaching the parking spot);

自动读取和核实取件人输入的取件信息(核实正确则自动打开外侧柜门便于取件);Automatically read and verify the pick-up information entered by the picker (if the verification is correct, the outer cabinet door will be automatically opened for easy pick-up);

自动开启储物格外侧柜门;Automatically open the outer door of the storage compartment;

自动读取需无人机配送快件的快件信息;Automatically read the express mail information that needs to be delivered by drone;

自动开启和关闭储物格内侧柜门。Automatically opens and closes the inner cabinet door of the storage compartment.

(3)传送带控制模块:负责将储物格内部的快件送出(以便交予自动堆垛机)(3) Conveyor belt control module: responsible for sending out the express items inside the storage compartment (for delivery to the automatic stacker)

接收控制指令,自动检测储物格内侧柜门是否打开;Receive control instructions and automatically detect whether the cabinet door inside the storage compartment is open;

自动运行传送带装置,送出储物格内物品。Automatically run the conveyor belt device to send out the items in the storage compartment.

2.3自动堆垛机控制子系统2.3 Automatic stacker control subsystem

(1)通信模块:用于和车载总控系统的自动堆垛机通信模块对接(1) Communication module: used for docking with the automatic stacker communication module of the vehicle-mounted master control system

接收车载总控系统发来的指令和信息;Receive instructions and information from the vehicle master control system;

发送自动堆垛机实时状态信息给车载总控系统;Send the real-time status information of the automatic stacker to the vehicle master control system;

(2)取送件控制模块:用于取出储物格的快件并送至无人机的取货口(2) Pick-up and delivery control module: used to take out the express from the storage compartment and send it to the pick-up port of the drone

自动读取待取快件的储物格位置和待出发无人机的编号;Automatically read the location of the storage compartment of the express to be picked up and the serial number of the drone to be departed;

自动移动载物平台至待取快件的储物格处,并根据储物格底部位置自动调整载物平台高度;Automatically move the loading platform to the storage compartment to be picked up, and automatically adjust the height of the loading platform according to the bottom position of the storage compartment;

自动识别无人机取货口,并自动上升载物平台将快件送至无人机取货口。Automatically identify the pick-up port of the drone, and automatically raise the loading platform to deliver the express to the pick-up port of the drone.

2.4无人机控制子系统2.4 UAV control subsystem

(1)通信模块:用于和车载总控系统的无人机通信模块对接(1) Communication module: used for docking with the UAV communication module of the vehicle-mounted master control system

接收车载总控系统发来的指令和信息;Receive instructions and information from the vehicle master control system;

发送无人机实时状态信息到车载总控系统;Send UAV real-time status information to the vehicle master control system;

(2)机械抓手控制模块:用于控制机械抓手抓取和固定待配送快件(2) Mechanical gripper control module: used to control the mechanical gripper to grab and fix the express to be delivered

自动识别取货口是否有快件;Automatically identify whether there is express mail at the pick-up port;

自动确认是否已抓取或投放快件;Automatically confirm whether the express has been captured or delivered;

自动执行机械动作,抓取或投放快件;Automatically perform mechanical actions, grab or drop express items;

(3)自动飞行模块:负责无人机飞行过程中的自动控制(3) Automatic flight module: responsible for the automatic control of the UAV flight process

自动读取待配送快件的配送信息(快递单号、收货地址等);Automatically read the delivery information (express number, receiving address, etc.) of the express to be delivered;

自动完成飞行路径规划;Automatically complete flight path planning;

自动开启GPS导航系统;Automatically turn on the GPS navigation system;

自动开启引擎飞行至目的地点;Automatically start the engine and fly to the destination point;

自动识别特定的停机坪或车顶停机位置的图案:停机坪采用特征圆和特征字符“口”组成的特殊图案。停机时的图像特征识别算法分两步,首先识别特征圆,然后识别特征字符“口”。特征圆的识别采用Hough变换算法进行识别,该算法利用变换后边界点的参数特征描述边界曲线,在特征圆识别中鲁棒性优越。基于特征字符的所有顶角和内角均为90度直角的特点,特征字符识别算法采用特征角算法,该算法在实施过程中,首先需要计算图像可能的特征角点(“田”字符中所有直角的点),然后对这些特征点进行归一化,按照两点间的距离进行处理,可得到距离圆心最近的几个点的归一点集,同时计算出各点之间的长度,确定距离圆心位置,即停机地点。Automatically recognize the pattern of a specific apron or parking position on the roof: the apron adopts a special pattern composed of a characteristic circle and a characteristic character "口". The image feature recognition algorithm during shutdown is divided into two steps, first to identify the feature circle, and then to identify the feature character "口". The identification of the characteristic circle is carried out by using the Hough transform algorithm, which uses the parameter characteristics of the transformed boundary points to describe the boundary curve, and has superior robustness in the identification of the characteristic circle. Based on the fact that all vertex angles and internal angles of the characteristic characters are 90 degree right angles, the characteristic character recognition algorithm adopts the characteristic angle algorithm. points), and then normalize these feature points, and process them according to the distance between the two points to obtain the normalized point set of the points closest to the center of the circle, and calculate the length between the points at the same time to determine the distance from the center of the circle The location, that is, the stop location.

自动降落至停机位置。Automatically descends to parking position.

3、系统整体工作流程3. The overall workflow of the system

(1)配送网点整理好需要派送到某片区域的快件,并由调度员指定某辆智能运输车执行配送任务,给相应汽车的车载总控系统下达任务指令。(1) The delivery outlets sort out the express items that need to be delivered to a certain area, and the dispatcher designates a certain intelligent transport vehicle to perform the delivery task, and issues task instructions to the vehicle-mounted master control system of the corresponding vehicle.

(2)配送员将待配送快件依次放入快递柜,同时录入快件单号和取件人手机号,建立快件和快递柜上各个储物格的对应关系,并将该信息导入车载总控系统。(2) The courier puts the express to be delivered into the express cabinet in turn, and at the same time enters the express order number and the mobile phone number of the picker, establishes the corresponding relationship between the express and each storage compartment on the express cabinet, and imports the information into the on-board master control system.

(3)智能运输车上的车载总控系统接收调度员的任务指令,识别需要前往的配送地点,自动完成路径规划,并开启车载GPS系统,自动行驶到配送地点。在汽车行驶过程中,快递柜控制系统控制每个储物格的门锁始终处于锁闭状态以保障行驶过程中不会发生快件掉出、误取等类似情况。(3) The on-board master control system on the intelligent transport vehicle receives the dispatcher's task instructions, identifies the delivery location to go to, automatically completes the route planning, and turns on the on-board GPS system to automatically drive to the delivery location. During the driving of the car, the control system of the express cabinet controls the door lock of each storage compartment to be locked at all times to ensure that the express mail will not fall out or be taken by mistake during the driving process.

(4)智能运输车到达配送地点后,停在已经预先划分好的停车位上。停稳后,车载总控系统向快递柜控制系统发送车已停稳的状态信息,快递柜控制系统解除柜门门锁控制。(4) After the intelligent transport vehicle arrives at the distribution location, it stops at the parking space that has been allocated in advance. After a complete stop, the vehicle-mounted master control system sends status information that the vehicle has stopped to the express cabinet control system, and the express cabinet control system releases the lock control of the cabinet door.

(5)车载总控系统确定门锁控制解除后,向可来自取快件的收件人发送包含取件地址、取件码、有效时间等的取件短信通知。短信发送完成后,汽车停在原地等待收件人前来取件。(5) After the vehicle-mounted master control system determines that the door lock control is released, it sends a pick-up SMS notification including the pick-up address, pick-up code, valid time, etc. to the recipient who can pick up the express mail. After the text message is sent, the car stops and waits for the recipient to come and pick it up.

(6)车载总控系统实时检查是否有需要无人机进行配送的快件的请求:如有,车载总控系统将待配送快件排序,从第一个开始,按(7)~(11)的步骤顺序,逐一执行配送任务,直至需要无人机配送的快件配送完;如无,则无人机原地待命,不执行任何动作。(6) The on-vehicle master control system checks in real time whether there is a request for express mail that needs to be delivered by the drone: if so, the on-board master control system will sort the express mail to be delivered, starting from the first one, according to (7) ~ (11) In the order of steps, the delivery tasks are executed one by one until the express delivery that needs to be delivered by the drone is delivered; if there is no delivery, the drone stands by and does not perform any action.

(7)车载总控系统将待配送快件的相关信息输入快递柜控制系统,快递柜控制系统打开存放了相应快件的储物格内侧柜门。(7) The on-board master control system inputs the relevant information of the express to be delivered to the express cabinet control system, and the express cabinet control system opens the inner cabinet door of the storage compartment where the corresponding express is stored.

(8)车载总控系统将储物格位置发送给自动堆垛机控制子系统,自动堆垛机自行取出其中快件。(8) The vehicle-mounted master control system sends the position of the storage compartment to the control subsystem of the automatic stacker, and the automatic stacker takes out the express items by itself.

(9)车载总控系统为待配送快件分配具体的无人机执行配送任务,并将无人机编号反馈至自动堆垛机控制子系统,自动堆垛机将快件上托至车辆顶部相应的无人机取货口,无人机抓取待配送快件。(9) The on-board master control system assigns specific drones to perform delivery tasks for the express to be delivered, and feeds back the drone number to the automatic stacker control subsystem, and the automatic stacker lifts the express to the corresponding position on the top of the vehicle. The drone pick-up port, where the drone grabs the express to be delivered.

(10)车载总控系统将收货地址输入无人机控制子系统,无人机确认抓取货物后将确认信息、快件单号、无人机编号等相关信息反馈至车载总控系统。无人机控制系统自动识别待配送快件的地址,规划飞行路径,并启动GPS导航系统飞往收货地址,在确定到达收货地址30米以内时打开图像识别系统,识别特定的停机坪图案,识别完成后准确降落至停机坪,无人机自动卸下快件后自动返航。(10) The on-board master control system inputs the receiving address into the UAV control subsystem, and the UAV will feed back the confirmation information, express order number, UAV serial number and other related information to the on-board master control system after confirming the captured goods. The UAV control system automatically identifies the address of the express to be delivered, plans the flight path, and starts the GPS navigation system to fly to the receiving address. When it is determined that the receiving address is within 30 meters, the image recognition system is turned on to identify the specific apron pattern. After the identification is completed, it lands on the apron accurately, and the drone automatically unloads the express and returns automatically.

(11)无人机自动返回停放在汽车顶上的固定停机位置,并由无人机控制子系统自动将当前电量、续航里程等状态信息反馈给车载总控系统。(11) The UAV automatically returns to the fixed parking position parked on the roof of the car, and the UAV control subsystem automatically feeds back the status information such as current power and cruising range to the vehicle master control system.

(12)车载总控系统判断是否仍有需无人机配送的快件的请求:如有,车载总控系统根据无人机返回后反馈的状态信息和配送任务所需的飞行里程、货物重量等信息自动排查是否有无人机能够执行下次配送任务,如可执行配送任务,则按步骤(7)~(11),如所有无人机均无法完成配送任务,则车载总控系统将无法执行任务的信息发送至配送网点的综合监控中心,等待下步指令;如无,则无人机停在固定停机位置上,不执行任何动作。(12) The on-vehicle master control system judges whether there is still a request for express delivery that needs to be delivered by the drone: if so, the on-board master control system will use the status information fed back by the drone after returning and the flight mileage and cargo weight required for the delivery task, etc. The information automatically checks whether there are drones that can perform the next delivery task. If the delivery task can be performed, follow steps (7) to (11). If all the drones cannot complete the delivery task, the vehicle-mounted master control system will not be able to The task execution information is sent to the comprehensive monitoring center of the distribution network, waiting for the next instruction; if not, the UAV stops at a fixed parking position and does not perform any action.

(13)车载总控系统判断所有快递柜中的快件是否均配送完成,或是否已满足了一定的停留时间:如是,车载总控系统自动规划返回路径并开启GPS导航,汽车自动返回至配送网点;如否,则返回(6),继续停在原地执行配送任务。(13) The on-board master control system judges whether all the express items in the express cabinets have been delivered, or whether a certain residence time has been met: if so, the on-board master control system automatically plans the return route and turns on GPS navigation, and the car automatically returns to the distribution network ; If not, then return to (6), and continue to stop at the original place to perform the delivery task.

Claims (4)

1. a kind of intelligence control system for being applied to express transportation device, the express transportation device includes intelligent transport car and sets Express delivery cabinet, automatic piler, unmanned plane on intelligent transport car are put, the control system includes Surveillance center, vehicle-mounted master control System, express delivery cabinet control subsystem, automatic piler control subsystem, unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) control subsystem, it is characterised in that
Vehicle-mounted master control subsystem includes:Communication module, for Surveillance center, express delivery cabinet control subsystem, automatic piler control Subsystem, unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) control subsystem communication;Automatic Pilot module, for automatically controlling for intelligent transport car;Dispensing task Management module, the short message sending and unmanned plane dispensing task distribution for express mail of asking for;Emergency processing module, for receiving and sending out Exception and error information are sent, and emergency processing is performed according to emergency preplan;
Express delivery cabinet control subsystem includes:Communication module, for being input into vehicle-mounted master control subsystem communication and reception pickup people Pickup information;Cabinet door control module, for controlling unlatching and the locking of cabinet door;Conveyer belt control module, for controlling storing The unlatching of the transmission crawler attachment of lattice and locking;
Automatic piler control subsystem includes:Communication module:For with vehicle-mounted master control subsystem communication;Fetch and deliver part control mould Block:For taking out the express mail of matter storage lattice and delivering to the access section of unmanned plane;
Unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) control subsystem includes:Communication module, for and with vehicle-mounted master control subsystem communication;Mechanical gripper controls mould Block, captures and fixation express mail to be dispensed for control machinery handgrip;Automatic flight module, for controlling unmanned plane according to planning Automatically fly to destination in path.
2. the intelligence control system of express transportation device is applied to as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that
The dispensing task management module is carried out to there is unmanned plane to dispense the express mail of demand and the express mail without unmanned plane dispensing demand Classification, and be that the express mail arrangement dispensing for having unmanned plane dispensing demand is sorted by distances travelled;The dispensing task management module is also The relevant informations such as the status information and express mail to be dispensed according to unmanned plane, judge whether unmanned plane can complete dispensing task, are Express mail distribution to be dispensed can complete the unmanned plane of dispensing task, and record the real-time performance of unmanned plane dispensing task and ask for The real-time pickup situation of express mail.
3. the intelligence control system of express transportation device is applied to as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that
Whether the cabinet door control module identification automobile is in transport condition, if being in transport condition, controls all cabinet doors certainly Dynamic locking;Read and examine pickup people input pickup information, if examine information correctly if open express delivery cabinet towards outside vehicle body The cabinet door of side.
4. the intelligence control system of express transportation device is applied to as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that
It is described to fetch and deliver the numbering that part control module reads the matter storage lattice position and unmanned plane to be set out of express mail to be taken;Control automatic heap The article carrying platform of stack machine is moved at the matter storage lattice of express mail to be taken, and by article carrying platform Height Adjustment to matter storage lattice bottom one Cause;It is described to fetch and deliver part control module identification unmanned plane access section, and rise article carrying platform express mail is delivered to into unmanned plane access section.
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