CN106550920B - A kind of crab culture pond and the method for treating this culture pond - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to a crab culture pond, which includes a culture pond, and is characterized in that: the side wall of the culture pond is provided with a nozzle, and the nozzle includes a nozzle body, and a communicating connection is arranged inside the nozzle body. There are two flow channels, one is used as the first flow channel for homogenizing crab feed, and the other is used as the second flow channel for cleaning crab excrement. The present invention also provides a method for processing the crab breeding pond. Compared with the prior art , the present invention has the advantage of using the water pressure of the nozzle to automatically remove the excrement and residual feed, and it is more effective and investment-saving to discharge the excrement through the discharge port than to increase the capacity of the biofilter. On the other hand, the nozzle can also be used to make the inlet The water in the breeding pond rotates, and the distribution of homogenized feed in the breeding pond is provided. The present invention also provides a method for processing the crab breeding pond. When it is necessary to sprinkle crab feed to the breeding pond, just close the first control valve and open the second control valve. Control valve; reverse operation when cleaning crab excrement.

Description

A kind of crab culture pond and the method for treating this culture pond

technical field

The invention relates to an aquaculture device, in particular to a crab culture pond and a method for treating the culture pond.

Background technique

At present, the production methods of crab breeding are becoming more and more diversified, mainly including pond type, fence type, tile urn type, cage type, etc. These modes have problems such as low stocking density, serious mutual destruction, low survival rate, and troublesome mating. And because the common breeding method is mainly outdoor farming, and the outdoor climate is sometimes unpredictable, and human intervention is difficult, which is not conducive to stable production. And the study found that in the process of aquatic product breeding, the phenomenon of decreased immunity and disease resistance of aquaculture animals caused by the pollution of the breeding environment is the main factor causing the safety problems of aquatic products, and the root cause of the pollution of the breeding environment lies in the nutrition of the feed The structure is unreasonable, the feeding is unscientific, and the breeding mode is not suitable. Therefore, the establishment of a simulated aquatic healthy breeding model in the laboratory to develop safe, efficient, and environmentally friendly aquatic compound feeds, and implement scientific feeding to reduce environmental pollution, ensure a healthy breeding environment, and reduce the occurrence of animal diseases, is the safety of aquatic products. efficient way of production.

The aquaculture ecology laboratory currently generally raises aquarium devices for aquatic products, such as aquariums, breeding ponds, ponds, etc., generally including air supply systems, water supply systems, water purification systems and water heating devices, among which, such as oxygen concentration, CO ₂ Concentration, pressure, and water temperature control are very important links, but in the breeding process, aquatic products such as crabs, defecation and eating are all carried out in the breeding pond. Some feces and feed residues accumulate at the bottom. If they are not cleaned up in time for a long time, organic matter such as residual bait, feces, and dead algae will be excessively deposited on the bottom of the aquaculture pond. Protein is deposited at the bottom, which induces secondary pollution of the water body, leading to a decrease in dissolved oxygen in the water body and an increase in the concentration of harmful substances such as hydrogen sulfide. Relying on manual work makes it difficult to clean up; and the feed is also spread by the breeder by hand, which cannot ensure that the feed is evenly distributed. If the crabs cannot eat it, a large amount of feed will be dissolved in the water, causing the breeder to overfeed , and then cause residual bait, excrement and bait residue can increase the organic matter content of the aquaculture water body, too much organic matter will trigger the reproduction of organic matter-digesting bacteria, and compete with ammonia-nitrogen transforming bacteria in the biofilm for growth space, dissolved oxygen and nutrients . The reproduction rate of organic matter-digesting bacteria is much faster than that of ammonia-nitrogen converting bacteria. It is difficult for nitrifying bacteria (autotrophic bacteria) to compete with heterotrophic bacteria, resulting in slower growth of nitrifying bacteria, which makes the removal rate of ammonia nitrogen in the biological filter of the breeding system low, thus lead to excessive ammonia nitrogen.

Contents of the invention

A technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a crab culture pond capable of quickly cleaning the accumulation of feces at the bottom of the culture pond in view of the above-mentioned prior art.

Another technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a crab breeding pond that can evenly disperse the feed in the breeding pond in view of the above-mentioned prior art.

Yet another technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a method for processing the above-mentioned crab breeding pond in view of the above-mentioned current state of the art.

The technical solution adopted by the present invention to solve the above-mentioned technical problems is: the crab culture pond includes a culture pond, which is characterized in that: the side wall of the culture pond is provided with a nozzle, and the nozzle includes a nozzle body, so The main body of the nozzle is provided with two flow passages connected together, one is used as the first flow passage for homogenizing crab feed, and the other is used as the second flow passage for cleaning crab excrement. The first flow passage includes a first outlet pipe and a first control valve for controlling the first outlet pipe, the second flow passage includes a second outlet pipe perpendicular to the first outlet pipe and a second control valve for controlling the second outlet pipe , and at least two spray holes are evenly opened on the wall of the second outlet pipe.

Further, a seawater purifier is provided on the nozzle main body. When in use, the main body of the nozzle is set on the outer wall of the crab breeding pond, and the second outlet pipe is parallel to the main body of the nozzle. After the seawater is pumped into the main body of the nozzle, it will be purified by the seawater purifier before entering the culture. In the pond, the water in the aquaculture pond can be more in line with the aquaculture requirements.

Since the distance and diameter of the spray holes determine the intensity and range of water sprayed into the culture pond, preferably, the distance between the spray holes is at least 1 cm.

Further, a sewage outlet is provided in the middle of the culture pond, and a sieve plate is detachably connected to the sewage outlet, and the sieve plate is laid with 40-60 mesh sieve tulle. Since the crabs are relatively small when they are in the first and second phases, the set sieve silk can prevent the crabs from flowing out of the sewage outlet.

Further, a gillnet for floating crabs is hung in the culture pond. When the crab is in the first to second stage, the crab larvae can be separated from the mother body, and as the breeding pond floats, the gillnet can stick to the crab larvae to prevent the crab larvae from escaping.

Further, at least one box for crabs to hide is provided at the bottom of the culture pond, and the box is filled with sand. When the crab is in the third stage, it will enter the benthic life, and the box filled with sand can be used for the crab to hide.

The present invention also provides a method for processing the crab culture pond, characterized in that: the method includes the following steps:

(1) Step 1: 10 minutes before putting in the feed, open the first control valve of the nozzle, close the second control valve, and then put in the feed. The total amount of the feed is 1/2 of the weight of the cultured crabs. 3-5%, the feed is delivered once a day in the morning, noon and evening, and the ratio of each delivery is 3:4:3;

(2) Step 2: 1 hour after the last throwing in, fold the gillnet, close the first control valve of the spray pipe, and open the second control valve to promote the settlement of residual bait and feces in the water and And discharged from the sewage outlet.

Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the advantage that the density of crabs in the crab breeding pond is very high, and the excrement produced is large, which is the main source of pollution of the breeding water body. The removal of organic matter and ammonia nitrogen in the water must first rely on timely removal of a large amount of Feces and residual bait, by setting nozzles on the breeding pond, on the one hand, the water pressure of the nozzles can be used to automatically remove the feces and residual feed, and it is more effective to discharge the feces or residual feed through the excretion port than to increase the capacity of the biofilter and save investment, on the other hand, the water that enters the culture pond can also be rotated by using the nozzle to homogenize the distribution of the feed in the culture pond. The present invention also provides a method for processing the crab culture pond. When sprinkling crab feed, as long as the first control valve is closed and the second control valve is opened, the seawater will be sprayed into the first outlet pipe through the nozzle body to drive the flow of seawater in the breeding pond to homogenize the crab feed; When feeding, just close the second control valve and open the first control valve, the water flow will flow out from the nozzle hole, so that the culture water will rotate, so that the crab excrement will be concentrated and rotated in the middle of the culture pond. Since the middle of the culture pond is equipped with a detachable The sieve plate is covered with a sieve silk net. When the filter screen is opened, the excrement of crabs can be discharged from the breeding pond. Compared with the previous method of changing water to clean up the excrement, the method is simpler.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is the structural representation of culture pond in the embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of the exploded structure of FIG. 1 .

Detailed ways

The present invention will be further described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and embodiments.

As shown in Figures 1-2, the crab culture pond includes a culture pond 1, the culture pond 1 has a side wall and a bottom plate and an accommodating space surrounded by the side wall and the bottom plate, and the side wall can be surrounded by a circle, a square or other Closed shape, in the present embodiment, the side wall of culture pond 1 is surrounded into a circle, and nozzle pipe is arranged on the side wall of culture pond 1, and wherein nozzle pipe comprises nozzle main body 2, is arranged in the nozzle main body 2 There are two flow passages connected together, one as the first flow passage 21 for homogenizing crab feed, and the other as the second flow passage 22 for cleaning crab excrement. The first flow passage 21 includes a first outlet pipe 211 and is used to control The first control valve 212 of the first outlet pipe 211, the second flow channel 22 includes a second outlet pipe 221 perpendicular to the first outlet pipe 211 and a second control valve 222 for controlling the second outlet pipe 221, And the pipe wall of the second outlet pipe 221 is evenly provided with at least two spray holes 3, and the distance between the spray holes 3 is 1cm. The second control valve 222, then the seawater can drive the flow of the seawater in the culture pond 1 after being sprayed into the first outlet pipe 211 through the nozzle main body 2, so as to homogenize the crab feed; when the crab excrement needs to be cleaned, just open the second control valve 222 , close the first control valve 212, the water flow is jetted out from the nozzle hole 3, and the culture water is rotated, so that the crab excrement is concentrated and rotated in the middle part of the culture pond 1. Since the bottom of the culture pond 1 is provided with a detachable sieve plate 6, the crab The excreta can be discharged from the gap of the sieve plate 6, and the sieve plate 6 is laid with 40～60 mesh sieve silk nets 7 in addition, because the crab is in the 1～2 period, the crab individual is relatively small, the sieve silk net 7 that is set can Prevent crabs from flowing out from the sewage outlet 5.

Simultaneously, hang in this crab culture pond 1 and be provided with the gillnet 8 that can float for crab, and be provided with a plurality of casings 9 that can hide for crab in the bottom of culture pond 1, be filled with sand in this casing 9, To adapt to the growth needs of different crab growth cycles, when the crabs are in the first to second stages, the crab larvae can be separated from the mother body, and as the culture pond 1 floats, the gillnet 8 can stick to the crab larvae to prevent the crab larvae from escaping. Can enter bottom dwelling life when crab is in 3 phases, and the casing 9 that is filled with sand can hide for crab.

The present invention also provides a method for processing the above culture pond, which specifically includes the following two steps:

(1) Step 1: 10 minutes before putting in the feed, open the first control valve 212 of the spray pipe, close the second control valve 222, and then put in the feed. The total amount of the feed is 4% of the body weight of the cultured crabs , the feed is put in once a day in the morning, noon, and night, and the ratio of the amount of each feed is 3:4:3. In this step, the first outlet pipe 211 of the nozzle is always in the state of spraying water, so as to reduce the rotation speed of the pool water , to delay the sedimentation of feed in water;

(2) Step 2: 1 hour after putting in the feed for the last time, fold the gill net 8, close the first control valve 212 of the nozzle, and open the second control valve 222 to promote the settlement of residual bait and feces in the water and from The sewage outlet 5 is discharged. In this step, the water of the second outlet pipe 221 of the nozzle is sprayed from the nozzle hole 3. In this process, the nozzle hole 3 of the second outlet pipe 221 is always in the state of spraying water, which can make the pool water rotate. This implementation In the example, when the pond inlet flow rate is 2.5m ³ /h, when 8 diameters are evenly distributed on the second outlet pipe 221 and are 6mm spray holes 3, when the flow velocity at the bottom of the culture pond 1 can be greater than 7cm/s, the pond can be The residual bait at the bottom is washed away.

Claims (3)

1. A method for treating a crab culture pond is characterized in that the crab culture pond comprises a culture pond (1), spray pipes are arranged on the side wall of the culture pond (1), each spray pipe comprises a spray pipe main body (2), two flow passages communicated with each other are arranged in the spray pipe main body (2), one flow passage serves as a first flow passage (21) for homogenizing crab feed, the other flow passage serves as a second flow passage (22) for cleaning crab excrement, each first flow passage (21) comprises a first outlet pipe (211) and a first control valve (212) for controlling the first outlet pipe (211), each second flow passage (22) comprises a second outlet pipe (221) perpendicular to the first outlet pipe (211) and a second control valve (222) for controlling the second outlet pipe (221), at least two spray holes (3) are uniformly formed in the pipe wall of the second outlet pipe (221), a flow barbed wire mesh (8) for floating crabs is hung in the culture pond (1), at least one screen plate (355) for filling sand for floating is arranged at the bottom of the culture pond (1), and a drain screen plate (5) is arranged in the culture pond, and a drain screen plate (5) is arranged in the middle of the culture pond (5) and a drain screen plate (6) for laying sieve plate (5) is arranged;

The method comprises the following steps:

(1) The method comprises the following steps: before 10 minutes before feeding, opening a first control valve (212) of the spray pipe, closing a second control valve (222), and then feeding the feed, wherein the total feeding amount of the feed is 3-5% of the weight of the cultured crabs, the feeding of the feed is respectively carried out in the morning, the noon and the evening every day, and the feeding amount proportion of each time is 3: 4: 3;

(2) Step two: 1 hour after the last throwing is finished, the flow thorn net (8) is folded, the first control valve (212) of the spray pipe is closed, the second control valve (222) is opened, and the sedimentation of residual bait and excrement in water is promoted and the residual bait and excrement are discharged from the sewage outlet (5).

2. The method of treating a crab culture pond according to claim 1, wherein: the spray pipe main body (2) is provided with a seawater purifier (4).

3. a method of treating a crab culture pond according to claim 1 or claim 2, wherein: the distance between the spray holes (3) is at least 1 cm.