CN106523011B - A kind of simple light hydraulic support and use the holder Sub-Level Caving coal-mining method - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses a simple and light bracket, which comprises a bottom plate, a lower plate, an upper support plate, a support strengthening structure, a support adjustment mechanism for a coal outlet, and more than four jacking oil cylinders vertically arranged on the bottom plate. The upper ends of the oil cylinders are connected by a first hinge, the upper support plate is arranged in parallel above the lower plate, and the supporting reinforcement structure is arranged between the upper support plate and the lower plate; the support adjustment mechanism of the coal discharge port is arranged on the bottom plate and outside the jacking oil cylinder; The invention also discloses a coal mining method for top coal caving by using a simple light support. In the present invention, two upper and lower coal outlets are set on one support for top-coal caving mining method, which is referred to as a double-position top-coal caving mining method, which can effectively adapt to the mechanized mining of corner mine fields and small and medium mine fields of large mines. , can effectively adapt to greater changes in coal seam thickness, achieve a higher recovery rate, improve recovery efficiency, and can effectively prevent support damage and large-scale roof fall.

Description

A simple light support and a method for caving coal with the support

technical field

The invention belongs to the technical field of safe coal mining in coal mines, and in particular relates to a simple light support and a coal mining method with top coal caving using the support.

Background technique

At present, in coal enterprises, when the coal seam in the mine field is thick and the top coal is easily broken, in order to improve production efficiency and coal recovery rate, the top coal mining method is usually used for resource mining. The top-coal caving mining method is essentially to arrange a longwall working face with a mining height of 2-3m along the bottom of the coal seam in a thick coal seam, and to carry out mining by conventional methods, using the effect of mine pressure or laying artificial loosening methods to make the support The top coal above is broken into loose pieces and discharged from the rear (above) of the support, and transported out of the working face via a scraper conveyor. However, in some small and medium-sized coal mining enterprise minefields or large coal mining enterprise corner minefields, it is difficult and costly to adopt large-scale fully mechanized mining for top coal caving due to large variations in coal seam thickness. In order to improve production efficiency and coal recovery rate, the method of top-coal caving with light simple support is usually used for resource mining. The existing top-coal caving process is as follows:

The existing top coal caving process is as follows: the coal discharge port is set at the lower part of the tail end of the simple support, usually using single wheel, interval, multi-port coal discharge, starting from the coal seam transportation level roadway, and proceeding to the direction of the return air level roadway, first put For the top coal on odd-number supports such as 1#, 3#, 5#, close the coal outlet after seeing a certain gangue, leaving a large back coal; put 2#, 4#, 6# and other double-number supports after a certain distance Put the top coal on top, and put an ellipsoid out of the remaining spine coal. Disadvantages of this mining process:

(1) Poor adaptability to unstable coal seams. When the coal seam is thick (more than 6m), part of the top coal cannot be put out, resulting in low recovery rate.

(2) When the coal seam is thick, the recovery is unsafe, the falling speed of gangue is fast, and the support is strongly impacted, resulting in frequent accidents.

(3) The light and simple support is unstable under the force. The support plate on the top of the support has low support strength, which is easy to be bent by the top coal, and the stability is poor, which is easy to cause the front end of the support to sink and the tail to be upturned, making it difficult to move. Extending working hours increases the labor intensity of workers.

Therefore, it is necessary to provide an improved light-duty simple support and a double-port caving coal mining method to overcome the above-mentioned defects.

Contents of the invention

In order to solve the deficiencies in the existing prestressed fiber sheet tension end anchoring method, the present invention provides a simple light support that is safe and reliable, can be mined for coal seams thicker than 6m, has high support strength and good stability And the coal mining method of caving top coal by adopting the support.

In order to achieve the above object, the specific solution of the present invention is as follows: a simple and light bracket, including a bottom plate, a lower plate, an upper support plate, a support reinforcement structure, a support adjustment mechanism for the coal outlet and more than four lifting jacks vertically arranged on the bottom plate. The oil cylinder, the lower surface of the lower plate and the upper end of the jacking oil cylinder are connected by a first hinge, the upper support plate is arranged in parallel above the lower plate, and the support strengthening structure is arranged between the upper support plate and the lower plate; the coal outlet support adjustment mechanism is arranged on on the bottom plate and outside the jacking cylinder;

The support adjustment mechanism of the coal discharge port includes a lifting drive cylinder whose lower end is vertically fixed on the bottom plate, an inner guide column and an outer guide column. There are two inner guide columns and outer guide columns, one inner guide column and one outer guide column The guide column is located on one side of the edge of the bottom plate, another inner guide column and another outer guide column are located on the other side of the edge of the base plate, the upper ends of the inner guide column and the outer guide column are fixedly connected by a connecting plate, and the inner guide column A slanting brace is set between the lower part and the bottom plate, a baffle plate is set between the inner guide column and the outer guide column, the inner side of the outer guide column is provided with a guide groove along the vertical direction, and the outer side of the baffle plate is provided with a rolling guide along the guide groove. The guide wheel of the guide wheel, the lifting drive cylinder is located inside the baffle, the upper end of the lifting drive cylinder is connected with the inside of the baffle through a connecting frame, the upper end of the lifting driving cylinder is hinged with the bottom of the inside of the connecting frame through a second hinge, and the outside of the connecting frame is connected to the inner side of the baffle. The inner surface of the gangue board is fixedly connected.

The support reinforcement structure includes at least three steel pipes arranged in parallel, the upper part of the steel pipe is welded to the lower surface of the upper support plate, the lower part of the steel pipe is welded to the upper surface of the lower plate, and a positioning connection structure is arranged inside the two ends of each steel pipe; each positioning connection The structures all include longitudinal positioning rods and horizontal positioning rods. There are at least five vertical positioning rods arranged parallel to each other. The lower end of each longitudinal positioning rod is fixedly connected with the inner wall of the lower part of the steel pipe; One positioning ring, between two adjacent positioning rings, and between the two positioning rings on both sides and the inner wall of the steel pipe side are connected by horizontal positioning rods. All the horizontal positioning rods are arranged in a straight line. The rod is vertical; the two positioning connection structures in the same steel pipe are connected by corresponding steel bars inserted into the positioning ring, the steel bars are bent into hooks at the positioning ring, blocking plates are set at both ends of the steel pipe, and the steel pipe is filled with concrete mortar .

The coal mining method of top-coal caving with simple light support includes the following steps:

1) Use the deep and shallow holes in the entryway of the fully mechanized mining face to detect changes in the thickness of the coal seam and draw a map of the thickness of the coal seam;

2) Process the support reinforcement structure on the ground: firstly weld five vertical positioning rods of equal horizontal distance in the longitudinal direction on the inner wall of the lower part of the steel pipe. The length of each longitudinal positioning rod is less than the radius of the steel pipe. The connecting lines of the upper ends of all the longitudinal positioning rods are on a straight line, and then the positioning rings are welded sequentially on the upper ends of the longitudinal positioning rods, and finally the positions between the adjacent two positioning rings, the positioning ring and the steel pipe wall support are laterally positioned by welding The rods are connected in a straight line, and then five steel bars are used to pass between the positioning rings corresponding to the two positioning connection structures, and the two ends of the steel bars are bent into hooks at the positioning rings, and then blocking plates are welded at both ends of the steel pipe. A grouting hole is opened on the top of the steel pipe, and concrete mortar is injected into the steel pipe through the grouting hole. While the concrete mortar is solidifying, the first hinge is welded on the lower surface of the lower plate. After the concrete mortar is solidifying, several steel pipes are evenly placed in parallel. Put the steel pipe on the lower plate and weld the steel pipe to the upper surface of the lower plate as one, then place the upper support plate on the top of the steel pipe, and weld the steel pipe to the lower surface of the upper support plate as one;

3) Transport several groups of the simple light supports to the entryway of the fully mechanized mining face and install them, arrange the simple light supports along the length direction of the entry, and number each group of simple light supports in sequence: 1 #, 2#, 3#...n#, make the outside of the two outer guide columns of the coal outlet support adjustment mechanism of each simple light support contact with the side wall of the level road, start the jacking cylinder to connect the upper support plate to the top The lower surface of the coal seam is in contact with a certain pressure, and the upper support plate maintains good support flatness due to the support strengthening structure set between the lower plate and the upper support plate;

4) According to the drawn coal seam thickness map, in the section where the layer thickness is greater than 6m, the upper coal discharge is first implemented. At this time, the baffle plate is located at the lower part of the inner guide column and the outer guide column, and the edge of the baffle plate and the right side of the lower plate The upper coal discharge port is formed between the lower surface and the two outer guide columns; the coal discharge method is based on the interval, sequence, and equal amount of coal discharge, firstly put 1#, 3#, 5#, 7#... above the single-number simple light support top coal, and then put 2#, 4#, 6#, 8#... the top coal above the double-numbered simple light-weight supports, and the amount of coal placed at each set of simple light-weight supports is 0-3m ³ or see gangue, that is, the layer After the thickness of the coal seam thicker than 6m is reduced to the same thickness as the thinner coal seam on the coal seam thickness map, the lifting drive cylinder is started, and the lifting drive cylinder drives the gangue board to move upward through the connecting frame, and the guide wheel on the gangue board Move upward along the guide groove on the outer guide column, and seal the upper coal discharge port on the upper part to complete the upper coal discharge process;

5) The lower edge of the gangue board, the upper surface on the right side of the bottom plate and the two outer guide columns form a lower coal outlet. From the lower coal outlet, single-wheel, interval, and multiple coal outlets are used to start from the coal seam transportation level roadway. Carry out in the direction of Huifeng level lane in turn, first put 1#, 3#, 5#, 7#... the top coal on the single-numbered simple light-weight support, and close the lower coal outlet after seeing a certain gangue, leaving a large back coal Lag behind a certain distance to put 2#, 4#, 6#, 8#... the top coal above the double-number simple light support, and release an ellipsoid from the remaining back coal to complete the coal mining operation.

By adopting the above-mentioned technical scheme, the simple light bracket of the present invention adopts a plurality of steel pipes for the support strengthening structure provided between the upper support plate and the lower plate, and a reinforced concrete structure is arranged inside the steel pipes. The steel pipes are mainly used for holding and The high-strength concrete mortar inside the hoop makes the concrete have higher compressive strength under the condition of top-down compression. After the high-strength concrete mortar is solidified, the compressive strength is greatly improved under the axial and circumferential constraints of the steel pipe.

The steel bars are arranged in the steel pipe by passing through the positioning ring. The number of positioning rings for each positioning connection structure is equal to the total number of steel bars required. Because steel bars have good tensile strength and ductility. The steel bars are arranged at the lower part of the steel pipe. The purpose of embedding the steel bars is to increase the tensile strength of the support frame, reduce the stiffness of the support frame, prevent local tensile shear failure and brittle failure of the support frame, and improve the overall stability of the support frame. At the same time, the intervention of steel bars can also improve the overall ductility of the support frame and prevent the brittle failure of the support frame under high confining pressure. The length of each longitudinal positioning rod is less than the radius of the steel pipe, which is convenient for saving certain material costs.

The steel bar can be smoothly inserted into the predetermined position in the steel pipe during the construction of the positioning ring, so that the tensile strength of the steel bar can be better exerted, and the positioning ring at both ends of the steel pipe can be bent into a hook, which can fully improve the tensile strength of the bracket performance and stability.

The baffle plate adopts hydraulic drive to lift, and rolls along the guide groove through the guide wheel, so as to reduce the resistance of moving up and down. The upper end of the inner guide column and the outer guide column are fixedly connected by a connecting plate, and a slanted brace is provided between the inner lower part of the inner guide column and the bottom plate, which can fully improve the stability of the inner guide column and the outer guide column in the vertical direction. In addition, due to the bottom plate set at the bottom of the oil cylinder, the support strength is improved, which can prevent the oil cylinder from being inserted into the bottom under a large force.

To sum up, the present invention provides a safe, high-efficiency, and highly operable support and coal mining method for top-coal caving mining in thick sections of unstable coal seams, that is, two upper and lower coal caving methods are set on one support. The coal mining method of top-coal caving (referred to as a double-position top-coal caving mining method) is carried out at the mouth. The method can effectively adapt to the mechanized mining of corner wells and small and medium wells in large mines when mining in unstable thick coal seams, can effectively adapt to greater changes in coal seam thickness, achieve a higher recovery rate, and improve recovery efficiency , can effectively prevent support damage and large-scale roof fall.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is the structural representation of simple and easy lightweight support of the present invention;

Fig. 2 is a schematic cross-sectional view of the steel pipe in Fig. 1;

Fig. 3 is the schematic diagram when the present invention carries out coal discharge and coal mining through the upper discharge port;

Fig. 4 is the schematic diagram of cross section in Fig. 3;

Fig. 5 is the schematic diagram when the present invention carries out coal mining by lowering the coal mouth;

FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of the cross section in FIG. 5 .

Detailed ways

As shown in Figures 1-6, a simple light-weight bracket of the present invention includes a bottom plate 1, a lower plate 2, an upper support plate 3, a support strengthening structure, a coal outlet support adjustment mechanism, and more than four vertically arranged on the bottom plate 1. The jacking cylinder 4, the lower surface of the lower plate 2 and the upper end of the jacking cylinder 4 are connected by the first hinge 5, the upper support plate 3 is arranged in parallel above the lower plate 2, and the support strengthening structure is arranged on the upper support plate 3 and the lower plate 2 between; the coal outlet support adjustment mechanism is set on the bottom plate 1 and is located outside the jacking cylinder 4 .

The support adjustment mechanism of the coal outlet includes a lifting drive cylinder 6 whose lower end is vertically fixed on the bottom plate 1, an inner guide column 7 and an outer guide column 8, and the inner guide column 7 and the outer guide column 8 are provided with two, one inner guide column Guide post 7 and an outer guide post 8 are positioned at one side of the edge of the base plate 1, another inner guide post 7 and another outer guide post 8 are located at the other side of the edge of the base plate 1, and the inner guide post 7 and the outer guide post The upper ends of 8 are fixedly connected by connecting plate 9, a slanting brace 10 is arranged between the inner lower part of the inner guide column 7 and the bottom plate 1, a baffle plate 11 is arranged between the inner guide column 7 and the outer guide column 8, and the outer guide column 8. The inner side is provided with a guide groove 12 along the vertical direction. The outer side of the gangue board 11 is rotated and provided with a guide wheel 13 rolling along the guide groove 12. The lifting drive cylinder 6 is located inside the gangue board 11. The upper end of the lifting drive cylinder is connected to the gangue board 11. The inner sides are connected by connecting frame 14, and the upper end of lifting drive cylinder 6 is hinged by the second hinge 15 between the inner bottom of connecting frame 14, and the outer side of connecting frame 14 is fixedly connected with the inner surface of gangue board 11.

The support reinforcement structure includes at least three steel pipes 16 arranged in parallel, the upper part of the steel pipes 16 is welded to the lower surface of the upper support plate 3, the lower part of the steel pipes 16 is welded to the upper surface of the lower plate 2, and a positioning connection is arranged inside each steel pipe 16 at both ends. Structure; each positioning connection structure includes a longitudinal positioning rod 17 and a lateral positioning rod 18, and the longitudinal positioning rods 17 are provided with at least five and arranged parallel to each other, and the lower end of each longitudinal positioning rod 17 is fixedly connected to the lower inner wall of the steel pipe 16; The upper end of each longitudinal positioning rod 17 is fixedly connected with a positioning ring 19, between two adjacent positioning rings 19, between the two positioning rings 19 on both sides and the inner wall of the steel pipe 16 sides, are connected by a transverse positioning rod 18 , all the horizontal positioning rods 18 are arranged in a straight line, and the horizontal positioning rods 18 are perpendicular to the longitudinal positioning rods 17; the two positioning connection structures in the same steel pipe 16 are connected by corresponding reinforcement bars 20 inserted into the positioning ring 19, The reinforcing bar 20 is bent into a hook at the positioning ring 19, and the two ends of the steel pipe 16 are provided with blocking plates 22, and the steel pipe 16 is filled with concrete mortar 21.

The coal mining method of the present invention adopts simple and easy light bracket caving top coal, comprises the following steps:

1) Use the deep and shallow holes in the entryway of the fully mechanized mining face to detect changes in the thickness of the coal seam and draw a map of the thickness of the coal seam;

2) Process the supporting and strengthening structure on the ground: firstly weld five longitudinal positioning rods 17 of equal horizontal distance in the longitudinal direction on the inner wall of the lower part of the steel pipe 16, and the length of each longitudinal positioning rod 17 is smaller than the radius of the steel pipe 16 At the same time, it is necessary to ensure that the connecting lines of the upper ends of all the longitudinal positioning rods 17 are on a straight line, and then the positioning rings 19 are welded successively on the upper ends of the longitudinal positioning rods 17, and finally between the adjacent two positioning rings 19, the positioning rings 19 and The wall supports of the steel pipes 16 are connected into a straight line by welding the transverse positioning rods 18, and then five steel bars 20 are used to pass between the positioning circles 19 corresponding to the two positioning connection structures, and the two ends of the steel bars 20 are placed at the positioning circles 19. Bend into a hook, then weld the blocking plate 22 at both ends of the steel pipe 16, open a grouting hole at the top of the steel pipe 16, inject concrete mortar 21 into the steel pipe 16 through the grouting hole, and when the concrete mortar 21 is solidified, the lower plate 2. The first hinge 5 is welded on the lower surface. After the concrete mortar 21 is solidified, several steel pipes 16 are evenly placed on the lower plate 2 in parallel, and the steel pipes 16 are welded together with the upper surface of the lower plate 2, and then placed on the top of the steel pipes 16. Support plate 3, and weld the steel pipe 16 and the lower surface of the upper support plate 3 into one;

3), as shown in Figure 3 and Figure 4, several groups of simple light supports 23 described above are transported to the entryway of the fully mechanized mining face and installed, and the simple light supports 23 are arranged in sequence along the length direction of the entryway, and the Each group of simple light brackets 23 is numbered in sequence: 1#, 2#, 3#...n#, so that the two outer guide columns 8 of the coal outlet support adjustment mechanism of each simple light bracket 23 are in line with the sideways. The side wall is in contact, and the jacking cylinder 4 is started to bring the upper support plate 3 into contact with the lower surface of the top coal seam with a certain pressure. Due to the support strengthening structure provided between the lower plate 2 and the upper support plate 3, the upper support plate 3 maintains a good Support flatness;

4) According to the drawn coal seam layer thickness map, in the section where the layer thickness is greater than 6m, the upper coal discharge is first implemented. The upper coal discharge port 24 is formed between the lower surface on the right side of the lower plate 2 and the two outer guide columns 8; the coal discharge method is according to the interval, sequence, and equal amount of coal discharge, and 1#, 3#, 5#, 7#... ...the top coal above the single-number simple light support 23, and then put 2#, 4#, 6#, 8# ... the top coal above the double-number simple light support 23, and the coal discharge amount at each group of simple light support 23 is 0～3m ³ or see coal, that is, after the thickness of the coal seam with a thickness greater than 6m is reduced to the thickness of the thinner coal seam on the coal seam thickness map, start the lifting drive cylinder 6, and the lifting drive cylinder 6 is driven upward through the connecting frame 14 The gangue baffle 11 moves upwards, and the guide wheel 13 on the gangue baffle 11 moves upwards along the guide groove 12 on the outer guide column 8, and the upper upper coal discharge port 24 is blocked to complete the upper coal discharge process;

5) As shown in Figure 5 and Figure 6, the lower edge of the gangue plate 11, the upper surface on the right side of the bottom plate 1 and the two outer guide columns 8 form a lower coal outlet 25, and a single wheel, Interval and multi-port coal discharge, start from the coal seam transportation level roadway, and proceed to the return air levelway direction in turn, first put 1#, 3#, 5#, 7#... the top coal on the single-number simple light support 23, see After a certain gangue, close the lower coal outlet 25, leaving a larger back coal; lag behind a certain distance to put 2#, 4#, 6#, 8#... the top coal on the top of the double-number simple light support 23, and leave the back coal An ellipsoid is released from the coal to complete the coal mining operation.

Other reference signs in Fig. 3-Fig. 6 in the present invention are respectively: 26-coal seam; 27-gangue layer; 29-loose coal seam; The roadway of the support is the transport level roadway 30.

The simple and light support 23 of the present invention is due to the support strengthening structure that is set between the upper support plate 3 and the lower plate 2, the support strengthening structure adopts a plurality of steel pipes 16, and a steel bar 20 concrete structure is set in the steel pipe 16, and the steel pipe 16 is mainly used for The high-strength concrete mortar 21 inside is contained and tightly hooped, so that the concrete has higher compressive strength under the condition of top-down compression. After the high-strength concrete mortar 21 is solidified, under the axial and circumferential constraints of the steel pipe 16, the compressive strength is greatly improved.

The steel bar 20 is arranged in the steel pipe 16 by passing through the positioning ring 19 . The number of positioning rings 19 of each positioning connection structure is equal to the total number of steel bars 20 required. Since the steel bar 20 has good tensile strength and ductility. Arrange the steel bars 20 at the lower part of the steel pipe 16. The embedding of the steel bars 20 is to increase the tensile strength of the support frame, reduce the rigidity of the support frame, prevent the local tensile shear failure and brittle failure of the support frame, and improve the overall stability of the support frame. . At the same time, the intervention of steel bars 20 can also improve the overall ductility of the support frame and prevent brittle failure of the support frame under high confining pressure. The length of each longitudinal positioning rod 17 is less than the radius of the steel pipe 16, which is convenient for saving certain material costs.

Locating ring 19 just can insert steel bar 20 in the predetermined position in steel pipe 16 smoothly during construction, better play the tensile strength of reinforcing bar 20, and bend into hook at the place of locating ring 19 at steel pipe 16 two ends places, can like this Fully improve the tensile performance and stability of the bracket.

The gangue plate 11 adopts hydraulic drive to lift, and rolls along the guide groove 12 by the guide wheel 13, so as to reduce the resistance of moving up and down. The inner guide column 7 and the upper end of the outer guide column 8 are fixedly connected by a connecting plate 9, and a diagonal brace 10 is arranged between the inner lower part of the inner guide column 7 and the bottom plate 1, so that the inner guide column 7 and the outer guide column 8 can be fully improved. Stability in the vertical direction, in addition, due to the base plate 1 set at the bottom of the oil cylinder, the support strength is improved, so that the oil cylinder can be prevented from being inserted into the bottom due to a large force.

The above embodiments are only used to illustrate and not limit the technical solutions of the present invention. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the above embodiments, those of ordinary skill in the art should understand that the present invention can still be modified or equivalently replaced without departing from it. Any modifications or partial replacements within the spirit and scope of the present invention shall fall within the scope of the claims of the present invention.

Claims (3)

1. A simple and light support, characterized in that: it includes a base plate, a lower plate, an upper support plate, a support reinforcement structure, a coal outlet support adjustment mechanism and more than four jacking cylinders vertically arranged on the base plate, and the lower surface of the lower plate It is connected with the upper end of the jacking oil cylinder through the first hinge, the upper support plate is arranged in parallel above the lower plate, and the support strengthening structure is arranged between the upper support plate and the lower plate; the support adjustment mechanism of the coal outlet is arranged on the bottom plate and located cylinder outside; The support adjustment mechanism of the coal discharge port includes a lifting drive cylinder whose lower end is vertically fixed on the bottom plate, an inner guide column and an outer guide column. There are two inner guide columns and outer guide columns, one inner guide column and one outer guide column The guide column is located on one side of the edge of the bottom plate, another inner guide column and another outer guide column are located on the other side of the edge of the base plate, the upper ends of the inner guide column and the outer guide column are fixedly connected by a connecting plate, and the inner guide column A slanting brace is set between the lower part and the bottom plate, a baffle plate is set between the inner guide column and the outer guide column, the inner side of the outer guide column is provided with a guide groove along the vertical direction, and the outer side of the baffle plate is provided with a rolling guide along the guide groove. The guide wheel of the guide wheel, the lifting drive cylinder is located inside the baffle, the upper end of the lifting drive cylinder is connected with the inside of the baffle through a connecting frame, the upper end of the lifting driving cylinder is hinged with the bottom of the inside of the connecting frame through a second hinge, and the outside of the connecting frame is connected to the inner side of the baffle. The inner surface of the gangue board is fixedly connected. 2. A simple light bracket according to claim 1, characterized in that: the supporting reinforcement structure includes at least three steel pipes arranged in parallel, the upper part of the steel pipe is welded to the lower surface of the upper support plate, and the lower part of the steel pipe is welded to the upper surface of the lower plate, each A positioning connection structure is arranged inside both ends of the steel pipe; each positioning connection structure includes a longitudinal positioning rod and a horizontal positioning rod, and there are at least five vertical positioning rods arranged in parallel with each other, and the lower end of each longitudinal positioning rod Both are fixedly connected with the inner wall of the lower part of the steel pipe; the upper end of each longitudinal positioning rod is fixedly connected with a positioning ring. Rod connection, all the horizontal positioning rods are arranged in a straight line, and the horizontal positioning rods are perpendicular to the longitudinal positioning rods; the two positioning connection structures in the same steel pipe are connected by corresponding steel bars inserted into the positioning ring, and the steel bars are in the positioning ring The place is bent into a hook, the two ends of the steel pipe are provided with blocking plates, and the steel pipe is filled with concrete mortar. 3. adopt the simple and easy light support top-coal caving coal mining method as claimed in claim 2, it is characterized in that: comprise the following steps: 1) Use the deep and shallow holes in the entryway of the fully mechanized mining face to detect changes in the thickness of the coal seam and draw a map of the thickness of the coal seam; 2) Process the support reinforcement structure on the ground: firstly weld five vertical positioning rods of equal horizontal distance in the longitudinal direction on the inner wall of the lower part of the steel pipe. The length of each longitudinal positioning rod is less than the radius of the steel pipe. The connecting lines of the upper ends of all the longitudinal positioning rods are on a straight line, and then the positioning rings are welded sequentially on the upper ends of the longitudinal positioning rods, and finally the positions between the adjacent two positioning rings, the positioning ring and the steel pipe wall support are laterally positioned by welding The rods are connected in a straight line, and then five steel bars are used to pass between the positioning rings corresponding to the two positioning connection structures, and the two ends of the steel bars are bent into hooks at the positioning rings, and then blocking plates are welded at both ends of the steel pipe. A grouting hole is opened on the top of the steel pipe, and concrete mortar is injected into the steel pipe through the grouting hole. While the concrete mortar is solidifying, the first hinge is welded on the lower surface of the lower plate. After the concrete mortar is solidifying, several steel pipes are evenly placed in parallel. Put the steel pipe on the lower plate and weld the steel pipe to the upper surface of the lower plate as one, then place the upper support plate on the top of the steel pipe, and weld the steel pipe to the lower surface of the upper support plate as one; 3) Transport several groups of the simple light supports to the entryway of the fully mechanized mining face and install them, arrange the simple light supports along the length direction of the entry, and number each group of simple light supports in sequence: 1 #, 2#, 3#...n#, make the outside of the two outer guide columns of the coal outlet support adjustment mechanism of each simple light support contact with the side wall of the level road, start the jacking cylinder to connect the upper support plate to the top The lower surface of the coal seam is in contact with a certain pressure, and the upper support plate maintains good support flatness due to the support strengthening structure set between the lower plate and the upper support plate; 4) According to the drawn coal seam thickness map, in the section where the layer thickness is greater than 6m, the upper coal discharge is first implemented. At this time, the baffle plate is located at the lower part of the inner guide column and the outer guide column, and the edge of the baffle plate and the right side of the lower plate The upper coal discharge port is formed between the lower surface and the two outer guide columns; the coal discharge method is based on the interval, sequence, and equal amount of coal discharge, firstly put 1#, 3#, 5#, 7#... above the single-number simple light support top coal, and then put 2#, 4#, 6#, 8#... the top coal above the double-numbered simple light-weight supports, and the amount of coal placed at each set of simple light-weight supports is 0-3m ³ or see gangue, that is, the layer After the thickness of the coal seam thicker than 6m is reduced to the same thickness as the thinner coal seam on the coal seam thickness map, the lifting drive cylinder is started, and the lifting drive cylinder drives the gangue board to move upward through the connecting frame, and the guide wheel on the gangue board Move upward along the guide groove on the outer guide column, and seal the upper coal discharge port on the upper part to complete the upper coal discharge process; 5) The lower edge of the gangue board, the upper surface on the right side of the bottom plate and the two outer guide columns form a lower coal outlet. From the lower coal outlet, single-wheel, interval, and multiple coal outlets are used to start from the coal seam transportation level roadway. Carry out in the direction of Huifeng level lane in turn, first put 1#, 3#, 5#, 7#... the top coal on the single-numbered simple light-weight support, and close the lower coal outlet after seeing a certain gangue, leaving a large back coal Lag behind a certain distance to put 2#, 4#, 6#, 8#... the top coal above the double-number simple light support, and release an ellipsoid from the remaining back coal to complete the coal mining operation.