CN106518464A - Culture medium of flammulina velutipes and preparation method of culture medium - Google Patents
Culture medium of flammulina velutipes and preparation method of culture medium Download PDFInfo
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- CN106518464A CN106518464A CN201611122191.4A CN201611122191A CN106518464A CN 106518464 A CN106518464 A CN 106518464A CN 201611122191 A CN201611122191 A CN 201611122191A CN 106518464 A CN106518464 A CN 106518464A
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05B—PHOSPHATIC FERTILISERS
- C05B1/00—Superphosphates, i.e. fertilisers produced by reacting rock or bone phosphates with sulfuric or phosphoric acid in such amounts and concentrations as to yield solid products directly
- C05B1/02—Superphosphates
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G18/00—Cultivation of mushrooms
- A01G18/60—Cultivation rooms; Equipment therefor
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G18/00—Cultivation of mushrooms
- A01G18/60—Cultivation rooms; Equipment therefor
- A01G18/64—Cultivation containers; Lids therefor
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05G—MIXTURES OF FERTILISERS COVERED INDIVIDUALLY BY DIFFERENT SUBCLASSES OF CLASS C05; MIXTURES OF ONE OR MORE FERTILISERS WITH MATERIALS NOT HAVING A SPECIFIC FERTILISING ACTIVITY, e.g. PESTICIDES, SOIL-CONDITIONERS, WETTING AGENTS; FERTILISERS CHARACTERISED BY THEIR FORM
- C05G3/00—Mixtures of one or more fertilisers with additives not having a specially fertilising activity
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- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
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- Environmental Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
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- Pest Control & Pesticides (AREA)
- Micro-Organisms Or Cultivation Processes Thereof (AREA)
- Mushroom Cultivation (AREA)
Abstract
The invention belongs to the technical field of flammulina velutipes culture and particularly relates to a culture medium of flammulina velutipes and a preparation method of the culture medium. According to the culture medium and the preparation method, cottonseed hulls in traditional flammulina velutipes culture are replaced with sorghum wheat draffs, the culture cost of the flammulina velutipes can be lowered, the protein and starch content of the sorghum wheat draffs is high, the sufficient nitrogen source and carbon source can be provided for the growth of the flammulina velutipes, and growth of the flammulina velutipes is facilitated; the sorghum wheat draffs contain the rich vitamin A, the vitamin B and the vitamin C, and the nutrition value of the cultured flammulina velutipes is higher; micalex is added to the culture medium of the flammulina velutipes, and the culture medium of the flammulina velutipes can be loosened, so that the ventilation effect in the growth process of the flammulina velutipes is better; and blue optical filters are arranged on a culture greenhouse of the flammulina velutipes, hard light in sunlight can be filtered out, the growth of the flammulina velutipes stipes is promoted, and the good quality and high yield effects are achieved.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to golden mushroom plantation technical field, more particularly to a kind of culture medium of Flammulina velutiper (Fr.) Sing and preparation method.
Background technology
Flammulina velutiper (Fr.) Sing delicious flavour, smooth tender and crisp, nutrition is extremely enriched.According to surveying and determination, containing pure in every hectogram Flammulina velutiper (Fr.) Sing dry product
Protein 13.49%, has exceeded all edible fungis.Contain 18 kinds of aminoacid, wherein 44.5% content in Flammulina velutiper (Fr.) Sing
For 8 kinds of aminoacid necessary to human body, other mushrooms are significantly larger than.Especially lysine and arginine content especially enrich, for
Promote children's torso and intelligent development to have greatly tonification, therefore Japanese is called " increasing intelligence mushroom ".Additionally, the original that Flammulina velutiper (Fr.) Sing contains is yellow
Element also has the food therapy functions such as anticancer, blood fat reducing, liver protection, therefore, Flammulina velutiper (Fr.) Sing is described as " super health food " in the world, standby
Favored by people.
Traditional Flammulina velutiper (Fr.) Sing production routine typically divides level Four, i.e. parent species, original seed, cultigen, production kind.And be finally to make
Standby production kind receives Flammulina velutiper (Fr.) Sing finished product to produce, and prepares production kind raw material used mainly with the wood flour of various broad leaf trees, cotton seed hullss, jade
Based on meter Xin, bagasse etc..Before 2005, the price of cotton seed hullss is per ton less than 1000 yuan, 2010, and the price of cotton seed hullss is
Jing increases to that 1600-1800 per ton is first, and some places have reached 2000 yuan, due to the rising of raw materials for production price, directly contribute life
Product person income is reduced, so, select cheap raw material to replace cotton seed hullss to be used for factory culture Flammulina velutiper (Fr.) Sing, be to reduce production cost,
Golden mushroom plantation economic benefit is improved, promotes an important topic of mushroom industry sustainable development.
The patent of invention of Authorization Notice No. CN 101514130B discloses a kind of formula of high-yield flammulina velutipes culture medium and production
Technique, the invention with corn cob as Main Ingredients and Appearance replace cedar sawdust, with 40～45% corn cob, 10～12% megasses, 25
The culture medium raw material of～30% Testa oryzae, 8～10% wheat brans, 4～6% soybean cover, 2～3% Semen Maydis powder as Flammulina velutiper (Fr.) Sing, by dry
Mix, the technique such as wet-mixing, and control its pH value between 7.0～7.5, the Flammulina velutiper (Fr.) Sing turned out has mycelia energetic, and yield is high,
Fruiting is neat, and the commodity value of Flammulina velutiper (Fr.) Sing is good, and sporophore growth is neat, and cap is uniform in size, and color is great white, without sense
Dye, per unit area yield compare common prescription up to 286～293 grams/bottle of wound, 260 grams of every bottle of siccative, biological conversion rate up to 110～113%
Raising 30～40%, it is good in economic efficiency.The production technology replaces cedar sawdust by corn cob, reduce the production of Flammulina velutiper (Fr.) Sing into
This, but the crude protein content of corn cob, 2% or so, the nitrogen source content provided to Growth of Flammulina Velutipes is few, easily so that acupuncture needle
The mycelial growth of mushroom is slim and frahile powerless, affects the growth quality of Flammulina velutiper (Fr.) Sing.
The content of the invention
During the present invention is in order to solve Growth of Flammulina Velutipes, there is provided nitrogen source nitrogen content it is few when, easily cause Flammulina velutiper (Fr.) Sing
Mycelial growth is slim and frahile powerless, affects the problem of the growth quality of Flammulina velutiper (Fr.) Sing, there is provided a kind of culture medium of Flammulina velutiper (Fr.) Sing and preparation method.
In order to achieve the above object, base case of the invention provides a kind of culture medium of Flammulina velutiper (Fr.) Sing and preparation method, gold
Pin mushroom culture medium is prepared by the raw materials in：
Sorghum vulgare Pers. Semen Tritici aestivi grain 40-55 parts, corn cob 20-25 parts, wheat bran 5-8 parts, Calx 3-8 parts, Muscovitum 5-8 parts, sugarcane
Sugar residue 12-18 part, calcium superphosphate 1-3 parts, potassium dihydrogen phosphate 1-4 parts, magnesium sulfate 2-5 parts, water-retaining agent 2-3 parts；
Flammulina velutiper (Fr.) Sing culture booth is provided with blue filter.
The principle of this base case is：The Crude starch content of Sorghum vulgare Pers. Semen Tritici aestivi grain is about 11%, and crude fiber content is about
21%, crude protein content is about 18%, and crude fat content is about 5%, and containing abundant vitamin A, vitamin B and vitamin
C, is a kind of utilizable resource rich in Organic substance, the carbon source enriched in the nitrogen source enriched in crude protein and Crude starch, is given
The growth of Needle mushroom strain provides nutrient substance so that the growth of Flammulina velutiper (Fr.) Sing is more vigorous；Muscovitum can be by Flammulina velutiper (Fr.) Sing
Culture matrix is loose so that well-ventilated in Flammulina velutiper (Fr.) Sing culture growth course；Due to Flammulina velutiper (Fr.) Sing growth needs in the low light level or
Grow under conditions of darkness, and the blue filter on Flammulina velutiper (Fr.) Sing culture booth, the high light in sunlight can be filtered off, promotes acupuncture needle
The growth and holding of mushroom handle is fresh and tender, reaches the purpose of good quality and high output, and water-retaining agent can absorb nutrient substance, in Growth of Flammulina Velutipes
Later stage continual provide nutrient substance for Growth of Flammulina Velutipes.
The beneficial effect of this base case is：1st, by replacing the cotton in traditional Flammulina velutiper (Fr.) Sing culture using Sorghum vulgare Pers. Semen Tritici aestivi grain
Seed shell, the toxigenic capacity for enabling to Flammulina velutiper (Fr.) Sing are reduced, and the Protein and starch contents of Sorghum vulgare Pers. Semen Tritici aestivi grain are high, can give acupuncture needle
The growth of mushroom provides sufficient nitrogen source and carbon source, contributes to the growth of Flammulina velutiper (Fr.) Sing；2nd, containing abundant dimension life in Sorghum vulgare Pers. Semen Tritici aestivi grain
Plain A, vitamin B and vitamin C, the Flammulina velutiper (Fr.) Sing nutritive value for enabling to turn out are higher；3rd, add in culture medium for golden mushroom
Muscovitum, the culture medium for enabling to Flammulina velutiper (Fr.) Sing are loose, enable to the growth course of Flammulina velutiper (Fr.) Sing, and ventilation effect is more preferably；4th, lead to
Cross and blue color filter is set on Flammulina velutiper (Fr.) Sing culture booth, can filter off the high light in sunlight, promote the growth of Flammulina velutiper (Fr.) Sing stem, reach
To the effect of good quality and high output；5th, water-retaining agent will be added in culture medium so that the nutrient substance in culture medium is solidified by water-retaining agent, will
The water-retaining agent of nutrient substance is absorbed, the centre position of packed culture medium is placed in, wherein water-retaining agent both serves the packed culture of reduction
The effect of base middle portion temperature, also acts as the effect for constantly providing nutrient substance in Needle mushroom strain Later growth.
Scheme two：Based on this, scheme is preferred, and the particle diameter of Muscovitum is 40-100 μm.Beneficial effect：Particle diameter is 40-
100 microns of Muscovitum is added in culture medium for golden mushroom, as the particle diameter of Muscovitum is little, enables to culture medium for golden mushroom more
Plus it is loose, improve the ventilation effect of culture medium for golden mushroom.
Scheme three：This is preferred for scheme two, and Sorghum vulgare Pers. Semen Tritici aestivi grain is cleaned 2～3 times by tap water, control Sorghum vulgare Pers. Semen Tritici aestivi grain
Flat pH between 5～7.Beneficial effect：As the pH of golden mushroom mycelium optimum compost is 5.5～6, and Sorghum vulgare Pers. Semen Tritici aestivi
The pH of grain is 3～3.8, is cleaned by tap water, can adjust the pH of Sorghum vulgare Pers. Semen Tritici aestivi grain so that Sorghum vulgare Pers. Semen Tritici aestivi grain acupuncture needle preferably
The growth of mushroom.
Second base case of the present invention provides a kind of preparation method of culture medium for golden mushroom, and its preparation method is as follows：
A, Sorghum vulgare Pers. Semen Tritici aestivi grain, corn cob, wheat bran and sugarcane bagasse are respectively crushed into into granule according to proportioning, grain diameter exists
Below 4mm；
B, by calcium superphosphate, potassium dihydrogen phosphate, magnesium sulfate and Calx according to proportioning acquisition aqueous solution soluble in water, will step
Mixture in rapid A is placed in stainless steel, stirs 20～30min, when being 40%～50% to moisture content in medium, is stirred for
15～25min, obtains the culture medium of mix homogeneously；
C, water-retaining agent in the culture medium of mix homogeneously in step B, will be added, stand 2～3 hours, water-retaining agent is by culture medium
Nutritional solution absorb and solidify；
D, the water-retaining agent after solidifying in step C is taken out after, add water and Muscovitum in remaining culture medium, stirring 25～
30min, to moisture content in medium be 60%～65% when, be stirred for 10～25min；
E, the culture medium stirred in step D is packed immediately, the water-retaining agent after solidifying in step C is placed in into packed training
The centre position of foster base；
F, by step E pack after mix homogeneously culture medium sterilized in atmospheric sterilizing stove, accorded with after sterilizing
Close the culture medium for golden mushroom for requiring.
Beneficial effect：After Sorghum vulgare Pers. Semen Tritici aestivi grain, corn cob, wheat bran in step A and sugarcane bagasse are crushed, size controlling is in 4mm
Hereinafter, enable to mixture more preferable with the mixed effect of calcium superphosphate, potassium dihydrogen phosphate, magnesium sulfate and Calx, by step B
Mixed liquor be sufficiently stirred for, and control water content between 40%～50%, enable to culture medium and provide appropriate to Flammulina velutiper (Fr.) Sing
Water source and nutrient substance, add water-retaining agent in the culture medium of mixing, the nutrient substance in culture medium can be solidified, will
The water-retaining agent for absorbing nutrient substance is placed in the middle part of pack wild Oryza species, enables to continuous in the later stage of Needle mushroom strain growth
Nutrient substance is provided for Needle mushroom strain so that the faster and better growth of Flammulina velutiper (Fr.) Sing.Cloud will be added in the culture medium of mix homogeneously
Female stone, is sufficiently stirred for, and Muscovitum can be dispersed in culture medium for golden mushroom, strengthens the ventilation effect of Needle mushroom strain,
The culture medium for mixing is sterilized in atmospheric sterilizing stove, the miscellaneous bacteria in Flammulina velutiper (Fr.) Sing can be eliminated.
Scheme five：This is preferred for scheme four, and the packaging bag in step E is Polypropylene Bag.Beneficial effect：Polypropylene plastics
Bag is a kind of Environment-friendlyplastic plastic bag, and the toughness of polypropylene plastics pocket is strong, and high temperature high voltage resistant is suitable to Flammulina velutiper (Fr.) Sing under high-temperature and high-pressure conditions
Sterilizing.
Scheme six：This is preferred for scheme five, and the sterilising temp in the atmospheric sterilizing stove of step F is 85～90 DEG C, sterilizing
Temperature retention time is 4.5～6 hours.Beneficial effect：Sterilising temp is 85～90 DEG C, when sterilizing temperature retention time is 4.5～6 hours,
Can be by the more thorough of the miscellaneous bacteria elimination in culture medium for golden mushroom.
Scheme seven：This is preferred for scheme six, is mounted on outward-dipping 20 degree on the door and window of Flammulina velutiper (Fr.) Sing culture booth
Blue filter.Beneficial effect：Outward-dipping 20 degree of blue filter is respectively mounted on the door and window of Flammulina velutiper (Fr.) Sing culture booth,
It is more preferable to the filter effect of sunlight so that the sunlight into Flammulina velutiper (Fr.) Sing culture booth is fainter.
Specific embodiment
Below by specific embodiment, the present invention is further detailed explanation：
The preparation method of culture medium for golden mushroom：
Embodiment one：
A, Sorghum vulgare Pers. Semen Tritici aestivi grain 4000g, corn cob 2000g, wheat bran 500g and sugarcane bagasse 1200g are respectively crushed into into granule,
Grain diameter is 3～4mm；
B, calcium superphosphate 100g, potassium dihydrogen phosphate 200g, magnesium sulfate 200g and Calx 300g are dissolved in into water according to proportioning
Middle acquisition aqueous solution, the mixture in step A is placed in stainless steel, stirs 20min, is 40% to moisture content in medium
When, 15min is stirred for, the culture medium of mix homogeneously is obtained；
C, water-retaining agent 200g being added in the culture medium of mix homogeneously in step B, standing 2 hours, water-retaining agent will be by culture medium
In nutritional solution absorb and solidify；
D, the water-retaining agent after solidifying in step C is taken out after, add water and Muscovitum 500g, stirring in remaining culture medium
25min, to moisture content in medium be 60% when, be stirred for 10min；
E, the culture medium stirred in step D is packed immediately, the water-retaining agent after solidifying in step C is dispersed in
The centre position of packed culture medium；
F, by step E pack after mix homogeneously culture medium sterilized in atmospheric sterilizing stove, the sterilizing in sterilizing kitchen
Temperature is 85 DEG C, and sterilizing temperature retention time is 4.5 hours.
Embodiment two：
The present embodiment is differed only in embodiment one, step A choose Sorghum vulgare Pers. Semen Tritici aestivi grain 4500g, corn cob 2200g,
Wheat bran 700g and sugarcane bagasse 1500g, Sorghum vulgare Pers. Semen Tritici aestivi grain is cleaned 3 times by tap water, and the pH for controlling Sorghum vulgare Pers. Semen Tritici aestivi grain is 6；Step
Rapid B chooses calcium superphosphate 200g, potassium dihydrogen phosphate 200g, magnesium sulfate 200g and Calx 500g；Water-retaining agent is added in step C
300g, the sterilising temp in step F bacterium stove are 90 DEG C, and sterilizing temperature retention time is 5.5 hours.
Embodiment three：
The present embodiment is differed only in embodiment two, and step A chooses Sorghum vulgare Pers. Semen Tritici aestivi grain 5500g；In step F sterilizing kitchen
Sterilising temp be 85 DEG C, sterilizing temperature retention time be 6 hours.
Comparative example：
Comparative example provide a kind of culture medium raw material be corn cob 4000g, Testa oryzae 3000g, wheat bran 600g, cotton seed hullss 400g,
Shellfish fossil 80g, soybean cover 300g and distiller's grains of beer 600g, by crushing, stirring, sterilize the culture medium for preparing.
Embodiment one to three is shown in Table one with comparative example with regard to the contrast of Flammulina velutiper (Fr.) Sing quality：
Table one：
By the contrast of above-described embodiment one to three and comparative example it is found that Flammulina velutipes mycelium by the culture medium culturing
Its speed of growth, stem average production length, the yield of single bag of production are obtained for raising, and the time of the long purseful of mycelia is
Decline, it can be seen that by the Flammulina velutiper (Fr.) Sing that Sorghum vulgare Pers. Semen Tritici aestivi grain is main culture medium culturing, the growth result of its Flammulina velutiper (Fr.) Sing is good, goes out
Mushroom is fast, and fruiting is neat；Also, the culture medium for golden mushroom prepared using the production technology of embodiment two, due to Sorghum vulgare Pers. Semen Tritici aestivi grain
Rinsed so that the pH of culture medium for golden mushroom between 6～7, the growth result of Flammulina velutiper (Fr.) Sing more preferably, in packed culture medium
Between position add water-retaining agent, be that the growth of Needle mushroom strain constantly provides nutrient substance and water source, can also reduce golden mushroom
Temperature in the middle of kind so that it is longer that Flammulina velutiper (Fr.) Sing stem grows, additionally, by Sorghum vulgare Pers. Semen Tritici aestivi grain as main culture medium base
Matter, also reduces the preparation cost of culture medium for golden mushroom.
Above-described is only embodiments of the invention, and in scheme, the known general knowledge here such as concrete structure and characteristic is not made
It is excessive to describe.It should be pointed out that for a person skilled in the art, on the premise of without departing from present configuration, can be with
Some deformations and improvement is made, these should also be considered as protection scope of the present invention, these are implemented all without the impact present invention
Effect and practical applicability.This application claims protection domain should be defined by the content of its claim, in description
Specific embodiment etc. records the content that can be used for explaining claim.
Claims (7)
1. the culture medium of Flammulina velutiper (Fr.) Sing, it is characterised in that culture medium for golden mushroom is prepared by the raw materials in：
Sorghum vulgare Pers. Semen Tritici aestivi grain 40-55 parts, corn cob 20-25 parts, wheat bran 5-8 parts, Calx 3-8 parts, Muscovitum 5-8 parts, sugarcane bagasse
12-18 parts, calcium superphosphate 1-3 parts, potassium dihydrogen phosphate 1-4 parts, magnesium sulfate 2-5 parts, water-retaining agent 2-3 parts；
Flammulina velutiper (Fr.) Sing culture booth is provided with blue filter.
2. the culture medium of Flammulina velutiper (Fr.) Sing as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that the particle diameter of Muscovitum is 40-100 μm.
3. the culture medium of Flammulina velutiper (Fr.) Sing as claimed in claim 2, it is characterised in that Sorghum vulgare Pers. Semen Tritici aestivi grain is by tap water cleaning 2 ~ 3
It is secondary, control the flat pH of Sorghum vulgare Pers. Semen Tritici aestivi grain between 5 ~ 7.
4. a kind of method for preparing the culture medium for golden mushroom as described in claim 1-3 is arbitrary, it is characterised in that preparation method is such as
Under：
Sorghum vulgare Pers. Semen Tritici aestivi grain, corn cob, wheat bran and sugarcane bagasse are respectively crushed into into granule according to proportioning, grain diameter is in below 4mm；
A, by calcium superphosphate, potassium dihydrogen phosphate, magnesium sulfate and Calx according to proportioning acquisition aqueous solution soluble in water；
B, the mixture in step A is placed in stainless steel, stirs 20 ~ 30min, when being 40% ~ 50% to moisture content in medium,
15 ~ 25min is stirred for, the culture medium of mix homogeneously is obtained；
C, water-retaining agent in the culture medium of mix homogeneously in step B, will be added, stand 2 ~ 3 hours, water-retaining agent is by the battalion in culture medium
Nutrient solution absorbs and solidifies；
D, the water-retaining agent after solidifying in step C is taken out after, add water and Muscovitum in remaining culture medium, stirring 25 ~
30min, to moisture content in medium be 60% ~ 65% when, be stirred for 10 ~ 25min；
E, the culture medium stirred in step D is packed immediately, the water-retaining agent after solidifying in step C is placed in into packed culture medium
Centre position；
F, by step E pack after mix homogeneously culture medium sterilized in atmospheric sterilizing stove, conformed to after sterilizing
The culture medium for golden mushroom asked.
5. the culture medium preparation method of Flammulina velutiper (Fr.) Sing as claimed in claim 4, it is characterised in that the packaging bag in step E is poly-
Propylene bag.
6. the culture medium preparation method of Flammulina velutiper (Fr.) Sing as claimed in claim 5, it is characterised in that in the atmospheric sterilizing stove of step F
Sterilising temp be 85 ~ 90 DEG C, sterilizing temperature retention time be 4.5 ~ 6 hours.
7. the culture medium preparation method of Flammulina velutiper (Fr.) Sing as claimed in claim 6, it is characterised in that the door of Flammulina velutiper (Fr.) Sing culture booth and
Outward-dipping 20 degree of blue filter is mounted on window.
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| CN107556105A (en) * | 2017-09-19 | 2018-01-09 | 乐山市金口河区大瓦山食用菌种植专业合作社 | A kind of culture medium for golden mushroom matter |
| CN107926485A (en) * | 2017-12-05 | 2018-04-20 | 罗成喜 | A kind of culture medium of needle mushroom and preparation method thereof |
| CN108142208A (en) * | 2018-01-24 | 2018-06-12 | 山东七河生物科技股份有限公司 | Edible fungus culturing water conservation compost |
| CN108834762A (en) * | 2018-07-28 | 2018-11-20 | 望谟县郊纳八步农业综合投资开发有限公司 | A kind of agaric culture feed additives and preparation method thereof |
| CN108975968A (en) * | 2018-08-28 | 2018-12-11 | 铜陵盛牛菌业有限责任公司 | A kind of culture medium of needle mushroom and preparation method thereof |
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| CN109042071A (en) * | 2018-10-18 | 2018-12-21 | 安徽铜草花现代农业科技有限公司 | A kind of cultural method of winter greenhouse high-yield flammulina velutipes |
| CN116686630A (en) * | 2023-07-04 | 2023-09-05 | 上海永大菌业有限公司 | Method for cultivating flammulina velutipes by using crop straws |
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