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CN106518028B - 一种制备微纳米氧化锆/氧化铝复合材料的方法 - Google Patents

一种制备微纳米氧化锆/氧化铝复合材料的方法 Download PDF

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CN106518028B
CN106518028B CN201611016407.9A CN201611016407A CN106518028B CN 106518028 B CN106518028 B CN 106518028B CN 201611016407 A CN201611016407 A CN 201611016407A CN 106518028 B CN106518028 B CN 106518028B
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艾云龙
杜文雅
何文
梁炳亮
陈卫华
刘莹
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Nanchang Hangkong University
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Abstract

本发明公开了一种制备微纳米氧化锆/氧化铝复合材料的方法。在该方法中,首先称取适量3mol%Y2O3稳定的ZrO2粉体,将ZrO2粉体经特定球形模具冷等静压成型,然后常规烧结ZrO2球至半熟状态。再称取适量的Al2O3粉体,将ZrO2球与Al2O3粉体混合球磨,干燥后,可以得到微纳米ZrO2/Al2O3复合粉体。将复合粉体进行造粒、干压成型、冷等静压成型、排塑等工艺后烧结成型,最后可以得到如图1所示的ZrO2/Al2O3复合材料。本发明的复合粉体分散均匀,ZrO2晶粒尺寸较小,操作简单,重复性好,绿色环保,且未使用任何表面活性剂或溶剂。

Description

一种制备微纳米氧化锆/氧化铝复合材料的方法
技术领域
本发明属于ZrO2球磨珠制备微纳米级粉体的领域,具体涉及一种制备微纳米氧化锆/氧化铝复合材料的方法。
背景技术
Al2O3复合陶瓷是结构陶瓷中用途最为广泛的一种,它具有熔点高、机械强度高、硬度高、化学稳定性好、密度小、质量轻、价格便宜等特点,然而这种材料的断裂韧性非常低,极大地限制了该陶瓷材料的使用。利用ZrO2相变增韧Al2O3陶瓷具有较好的效果,该相变过程伴随着体积和形状的变化而吸收能量,降低裂纹尖端应力集中,阻止或延缓裂纹扩展,从而提高了Al2O3复合陶瓷的断裂韧性。
该复合陶瓷的性能除了与ZrO2晶型有关外,还有其颗粒粒度、颗粒均匀性有关。纳米复相陶瓷材料的裂纹偏转和裂纹弯曲等增韧机理,结合传统的相变增韧补强机理可以制备出高性能的纳米复合陶瓷材料。近几年来,微纳米ZrO2粉体制备及均匀化逐步成为研究热点问题。
纳米ZrO2粉体的制备方法一般有物理法和化学法,目前制备纳米ZrO2粉体的方法主要采用化学法,如:共沉淀法、溶胶-凝胶法和水热合成法等,该方法通常生产成本高、实验步骤较复杂,且使用较多化学试剂。物理制备法,如溅射法,操作简便,但很难获得均匀的复合材料,ZrO2易团聚,影响机械性能。
发明内容
本发明的目的在于提供一种制备微纳米氧化锆/氧化铝复合材料的方法,旨在解决目前现有技术制备微纳米ZrO2粉体较困难,且粉体易团聚等问题。该方法所涉及的设备简单,反应过程易控制,并且不涉及任何表面活性剂或溶剂,绿色环保、操作简单。
本发明解决上述技术问题所采用的技术方案,一种制备微纳米氧化锆/氧化铝复合材料的方法,其特征主要包括下述步骤:
步骤一:称取适量亚微米级ZrO2粉体装入特定的橡胶模具中,密封后冷等静压成型;
步骤二:将上述成型ZrO2球常规烧结至半熟状态;
步骤三:称取适量Al2O3粉体和上述半熟ZrO2球,以蒸馏水为介质,湿法球磨;
步骤四:倒出混合液干燥,并称量球磨后ZrO2球质量;
步骤五:向上述粉体中加入Al2O3粉制成一定体积分数的ZrO2/Al2O3复合粉体后,继续球磨;
步骤六:造粒,在复合粉体中加入粘结剂,充分研磨,混合均匀;
步骤七:将上述粉体经干压成型、冷等静压成型、排塑后,烧结成型。
所述ZrO2球烧成温度800~1000℃。
ZrO2球与Al2O3粉体配料比为:5:1~20:1。
湿法球磨时间为12~48h,转速为100~200rpm。
干压成型压力为80~150MPa,保压1~5min,冷等静压压力为100~200 MPa,保压1~5min,排塑温度为400~600℃,保温1~5h。
本发明的有益特点:本发明使用价格较便宜的亚微米级ZrO2粉体,制备微纳米ZrO2/Al2O3复合材料,该ZrO2具有微纳米级晶粒尺寸,微纳米ZrO2粒子分散于Al2O3陶瓷基体中增强其抗弯强度和断裂韧性。该方法不使用任何表面活性剂和溶液,球磨的过程不仅起到颗粒破碎和均匀化的效果,还有效解决了纳米ZrO2粉体的团聚问题,绿色无污染,操作简单易控制。
附图说明
图1是本发明的ZrO2/Al2O3复合材料XRD图像图。
图2是本发明的ZrO2/Al2O3复合材料SEM图像图。
图3是本发明的 ZrO2/Al2O3复合材料SEM图。
具体实施方式
以下结合实施例对本发明做进一步详细描述。
实施例一
(1)称取2~10g亚微米级ZrO2粉体若干份,装入特定的模具中,密封,并冷等静压成型;
(2)将上述ZrO2球于800~1000℃烧结成型;
(3)分别称取ZrO2球50g,Al2O3粉体10g,加入适量蒸馏水,转速200rpm,湿法球磨12h;
(4)倒出混合液于90℃干燥,洗净ZrO2球磨珠,吹干,称量;
(5)向上述粉体中加入Al2O3粉制成一定体积分数的ZrO2/Al2O3复合粉体后,球磨24h;
(6)将上述复合粉体干燥后,加入粘结剂进行造粒,充分研磨,混合均匀;
(7)将上述粉体经干压成型、冷等静压成型、排塑后,烧结成型,得到ZrO2/Al2O3复合材料。
实施例二
(1)称取2~10g亚微米级ZrO2粉体若干份,装入特定的模具中,密封,并冷等静压成型;
(2)将上述ZrO2球于800~1000℃烧结成型;
(3)分别称取ZrO2球50g,Al2O3粉体10g,加入适量蒸馏水,转速200rpm,湿法球磨24h;
(4)倒出混合液于90℃干燥,洗净ZrO2球磨珠,吹干,称量;
(5)向上述粉体中加入Al2O3粉制成一定体积分数的ZrO2/Al2O3复合粉体后,球磨24h;
(6)将上述复合粉体干燥后,加入粘结剂进行造粒,充分研磨,混合均匀;
(7)将上述粉体经干压成型、冷等静压成型、排塑后,烧结成型,得到ZrO2/Al2O3复合材料。
实施例三
((1)称取2~10g亚微米级ZrO2粉体若干份,装入特定的模具中,密封,并冷等静压成型;
(2)将上述ZrO2球于800~1000℃烧结成型;
(3)分别称取ZrO2球50g,Al2O3粉体10g,加入适量蒸馏水,转速200rpm,湿法球磨48h;
(4)倒出混合液于90℃干燥,洗净ZrO2球磨珠,吹干,称量;
(5)向上述粉体中加入Al2O3粉制成一定体积分数的ZrO2/Al2O3复合粉体后,球磨48h;
(6)将上述复合粉体干燥后,加入粘结剂进行造粒,充分研磨,混合均匀;
(7)将上述粉体经干压成型、冷等静压成型、排塑后,烧结成型,得到ZrO2/Al2O3复合材料。
实施例四
(1)称取2~10g亚微米级ZrO2粉体若干份,装入特定的模具中,密封,并冷等静压成型;
(2)将上述ZrO2球于800~1000℃烧结成型;
(3)分别称取ZrO2球100g,Al2O3粉体10g,加入适量蒸馏水,转速200rpm,湿法球磨24h;
(4)倒出混合液于90℃干燥,洗净ZrO2球磨珠,吹干,称量;
(5)向上述粉体中加入Al2O3粉制成一定体积分数的ZrO2/Al2O3复合粉体后,球磨24h;
(6)将上述复合粉体干燥后,加入粘结剂进行造粒,充分研磨,混合均匀;
(7)将上述粉体经干压成型、冷等静压成型、排塑后,烧结成型,得到ZrO2/Al2O3复合材料。

Claims (2)

1.一种制备微纳米氧化锆/氧化铝复合材料的方法,其特征主要包括下述步骤:
步骤一:称取适量亚微米级ZrO2粉体装入特定的橡胶模具中,密封后冷等静压成型;
步骤二:将上述成型ZrO2球烧结至半熟状态;所述ZrO2球烧成温度800~1000℃;
步骤三:取适量Al2O3粉体和上述半熟ZrO2球,以蒸馏水为介质,湿法球磨;
步骤四:倒出混合液干燥,并称量球磨后ZrO2球质量;
步骤五:向上述粉体中加入Al2O3粉制成一定体积分数的ZrO2/Al2O3复合粉体后,继续球磨;
步骤六:造粒,在复合粉体中加入粘结剂,充分研磨,混合均匀;
步骤七:将上述粉体经干压成型、冷等静压成型、排塑后,烧结成型;所述干压成型压力为80~150MPa,保压1~5min;冷等静压100~200MPa,保压1~5min;排塑温度400~600℃,保温1~5h;
所述ZrO2球与Al2O3粉体配料比为:5:1~20:1。
2.根据权利要求1所述的一种制备微纳米氧化锆/氧化铝复合材料的方法,其特征在于:所述湿法球磨时间为12~48h,转速为100~200rpm。
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CN110846548B (zh) * 2019-12-17 2021-03-30 西安石油大学 一种镍铬增强氧化铝复合材料制备方法
CN115849877A (zh) * 2022-06-13 2023-03-28 池州学院 一种伽马氧化铝晶型转变的制备方法

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