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CN106500577A - A kind of clinac vane grating method for detecting position - Google Patents

A kind of clinac vane grating method for detecting position Download PDF

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Publication number
CN106500577A
CN106500577A CN201610913120.XA CN201610913120A CN106500577A CN 106500577 A CN106500577 A CN 106500577A CN 201610913120 A CN201610913120 A CN 201610913120A CN 106500577 A CN106500577 A CN 106500577A
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grating
page
camera
software
displacement
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侯勇
张传义
张学梅
万振法
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First Affiliated Hospital of Shandong First Medical University
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First Affiliated Hospital of Shandong First Medical University
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    • GPHYSICS
    • G01MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01BMEASURING LENGTH, THICKNESS OR SIMILAR LINEAR DIMENSIONS; MEASURING ANGLES; MEASURING AREAS; MEASURING IRREGULARITIES OF SURFACES OR CONTOURS
    • G01B7/00Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of electric or magnetic techniques
    • G01B7/003Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of electric or magnetic techniques for measuring position, not involving coordinate determination

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  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
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Abstract

本发明公开了一种医用直线加速器多页光栅位置检测方法,测得多页光栅位移,先将获得的图像二值化处理,后计算出图像中感兴趣点移动的像素点个数,乘以单位像素点的变化与实际距离的比例系数,求得物体移动的实际位移;将治疗计划的多叶光栅位移量导入PC端与实际位移量比较得出结果,本发明使用计算机视觉技术对多页光栅到位检测,系统精确度高,可以同时对所有叶片进行检测,而且可以实时在线显示结果,同时对硬件的要求低,系统成本较低,可重复利用率高,操作简单,使用方便。

The invention discloses a method for detecting the position of a multi-page grating of a medical linear accelerator, which measures the displacement of a multi-page grating, first binarizes the obtained image, and then calculates the number of moving pixels of the point of interest in the image, which is multiplied by The ratio coefficient between the change of the unit pixel point and the actual distance is obtained to obtain the actual displacement of the object; the displacement of the multi-leaf grating of the treatment plan is imported into the PC terminal and compared with the actual displacement to obtain the result. Grating in-position detection, high system accuracy, all blades can be detected at the same time, and the results can be displayed online in real time. At the same time, it has low requirements for hardware, low system cost, high reusability, simple operation and convenient use.

Description

一种医用直线加速器多页光栅位置检测方法A method for detecting the position of a multi-page grating in a medical linear accelerator

技术领域technical field

本发明涉及医用直线加速器技术领域,具体为一种医用直线加速器多页光栅位置检测方法。The invention relates to the technical field of medical linear accelerators, in particular to a method for detecting the position of a multi-page grating of a medical linear accelerator.

背景技术Background technique

放射治疗是肿瘤治疗的主要方法之一。放疗过程中多页光栅到位精度对靶区照射剂量的精确性和正常组织器官的保护具有重要意义。目前对多页光栅到位检测方法很多,其中主要有剂量胶片法,平面探测器阵列法,电子射野影像系统(EPID)。但是剂量胶片法的摆位、重复性、参考点的确定等均会影响测量结果,且工作量大,胶片的重复利用率低。平面探测器阵列法其测量面积受限,无法一次对所有的叶片到位情况进行检测,EPID也是测量面积不够大,而且需配套电动平移设备,对硬件要求较高。且以上三种方法都无法对每片页片的到位情况进行直接的跟踪和分析,Radiation therapy is one of the main methods of tumor treatment. During radiotherapy, the positioning accuracy of multi-page gratings is of great significance to the accuracy of irradiation dose in the target area and the protection of normal tissues and organs. At present, there are many detection methods for multi-page gratings in place, among which the dose film method, the planar detector array method, and the electronic portal imaging system (EPID) are the main ones. However, the positioning, repeatability, and determination of reference points of the dose film method will affect the measurement results, and the workload is heavy, and the film reuse rate is low. The measurement area of the planar detector array method is limited, and it is impossible to detect all the blades in place at one time. The measurement area of EPID is not large enough, and it needs to be equipped with electric translation equipment, which requires high hardware requirements. Moreover, the above three methods cannot directly track and analyze the position of each sheet.

为了克服上述不足,提出了一种医用直线加速器多页光栅位置检测方法,该系统使用计算机视觉技术,通过对采集到的视频进行软件处理,获得视频中多页光栅实际位移量,与治疗计划的多叶光栅位移量比较,从而实现对多页光栅的到位精度检测。In order to overcome the above shortcomings, a method for detecting the position of multi-page gratings in medical linear accelerators is proposed. The system uses computer vision technology to obtain the actual displacement of multi-page gratings in the video through software processing of the collected video, which is consistent with the treatment plan. Comparing the displacement of multi-leaf gratings, so as to realize the in-position precision detection of multi-page gratings.

发明内容Contents of the invention

本发明的目的在于提供一种医用直线加速器多页光栅位置检测方法,以解决上述背景技术中提出的问题。The purpose of the present invention is to provide a method for detecting the position of multi-page gratings in a medical linear accelerator, so as to solve the problems raised in the above-mentioned background technology.

为实现上述目的,本发明提供如下技术方案:一种医用直线加速器多页光栅位置检测方法,包括以下步骤:In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides the following technical solution: a method for detecting the position of a multi-page grating in a medical linear accelerator, comprising the following steps:

第一步:搭建计算机视觉平台,包括选择视频采集所需要的工业相机,镜头,光源,处理视频所用的PC与相关软件的安装调试,在多页光栅下方放置固定板,将工业相机置于固定板板上多页光栅等中心位置;Step 1: Build a computer vision platform, including selecting the industrial camera, lens, light source required for video capture, installing and debugging the PC used for video processing and related software, placing a fixed plate under the multi-page grating, and placing the industrial camera on a fixed The central position of the multi-page grating on the board;

第二步:在加速器上对病人进行模拟治疗;Step 2: Perform simulated treatment on the patient on the accelerator;

第三步:使用软件中图像采集模块采集多页光栅的运动视频;Step 3: Use the image acquisition module in the software to collect motion videos of multi-page rasters;

第四步:使用软件对所得图像处理,测得多页光栅位移,先将获得的图像二值化处理,后计算出图像中感兴趣点移动的像素点个数,乘以单位像素点的变化与实际距离的比例系数,求得物体移动的实际位移;Step 4: Use software to process the obtained image, measure the displacement of multiple pages of rasters, first binarize the obtained image, and then calculate the number of pixels moving by the point of interest in the image, and multiply it by the change of the unit pixel The proportional coefficient to the actual distance can be used to obtain the actual displacement of the moving object;

第五步:将治疗计划的多叶光栅位移量导入PC端与实际位移量比较;Step 5: Import the displacement of the multi-leaf grating into the PC terminal and compare it with the actual displacement;

第六步:显示结果。Step 6: Display the result.

优选的,所述第一步中,依照计算机视觉平台的搭建需要,选择相机需要考虑工业相机的扫描方式,感光元件,彩色还是灰阶以及信号传输类型;同时综合考虑对精度的要求,视野大小,检测物体的速度。对相机分辨率的要求可以通过要求的精度计算:Preferably, in the first step, according to the construction needs of the computer vision platform, the selection of the camera needs to consider the scanning mode of the industrial camera, the photosensitive element, the color or the gray scale and the signal transmission type; at the same time, comprehensively consider the requirements for accuracy, the size of the field of view , to detect the velocity of the object. The requirement for camera resolution can be calculated by the required accuracy:

精度=视野(长或宽)÷相机像素(长或宽)Accuracy = field of view (length or width) ÷ camera pixels (length or width)

则 相机像素(长或宽)=视野(长或宽)÷精度Then camera pixels (length or width) = field of view (length or width) ÷ precision

镜头选择需确定焦距,首先计算符合需求的放大倍率(M):Lens selection needs to determine the focal length, first calculate the magnification (M) that meets the requirements:

放大倍率(M)=Sensor Sizes/FOVMagnification (M) = Sensor Sizes/FOV

代入计算焦距(f)公式:Substitute into the formula for calculating the focal length (f):

焦距(f)=Sensor Sizes*WD/FOVFocal length (f) = Sensor Sizes*WD/FOV

其中Sensor Sizes是感光元件大小(相机内部感光元件的尺寸);Among them, Sensor Sizes is the size of the photosensitive element (the size of the photosensitive element inside the camera);

FOV是视野范围(相机所能获取到物体的实际范围);FOV is the field of view (the actual range of objects that the camera can obtain);

WD是工作距离(相机镜头前缘到物体表面的距离)。WD is the working distance (the distance from the front edge of the camera lens to the surface of the object).

符合需求的镜头实际的焦距需大于该数值。也可通过镜头目录或软件查询,只要将所需要的参数填入,便可快速找到适当的镜头。本发明中采用的自编软件,可以实现视频获取,图像处理,数值比较及显示。整个硬件设计中,考虑到不同品牌型号多页光栅尺寸不同,在选择器件中尽可能的满足绝大多数多页光栅品牌型号。The actual focal length of the lens that meets the requirements must be greater than this value. It can also be queried through the lens catalog or software, as long as the required parameters are filled in, the appropriate lens can be quickly found. The self-compiled software adopted in the present invention can realize video acquisition, image processing, numerical comparison and display. In the entire hardware design, considering the different sizes of multi-page gratings of different brands and models, the majority of multi-page grating brands and models should be satisfied as much as possible in the selection of devices.

优选的,所述第二步中,根据不同品牌不同型号多页光栅形状大小的差异,安装相机时应注意相机工作距离,相机视场应覆盖整个多页光栅运动范围,为了后续软件处理简单,将荧光标记物涂抹到光栅叶片顶端,使用紫外线灯照射2到5分钟,后撤去紫外线灯,将固定板放置与多页光栅下方,相机固定在固定板上,关闭放疗室灯,软件连接相机与PC端,在黑暗的环境下通过软件的USB采集视频模块采集视频,荧光剂采用蓄光型荧光漆。Preferably, in the second step, according to the difference in shape and size of multi-page gratings of different brands and models, attention should be paid to the working distance of the camera when installing the camera, and the field of view of the camera should cover the entire range of motion of the multi-page gratings. For the sake of simple subsequent software processing, Apply fluorescent markers to the top of the grating blades, irradiate with ultraviolet light for 2 to 5 minutes, then remove the ultraviolet light, place the fixed plate under the multi-page grating, fix the camera on the fixed plate, turn off the light in the radiotherapy room, and connect the camera with the software On the PC side, in a dark environment, the video is collected through the USB video capture module of the software, and the fluorescent agent adopts light-storing fluorescent paint.

优选的,所述第三步中,单位像素点与实际距离的比例系数需预先测定,且对于不同品牌型号多页光栅均需测定,测定步骤如下:Preferably, in the third step, the ratio coefficient between the unit pixel point and the actual distance needs to be determined in advance, and multi-page gratings of different brands and models need to be determined. The determination steps are as follows:

(1)、采集多页光栅从起始(0位移)位置运动到终点(中线)位置视频;(1), collect multi-page grating moving from the initial (0 displacement) position to the end point (middle line) position video;

(2)、使用软件测得像素点个数,多页光栅的实际位移通过查看多页光栅手册,实际测量和系统导出三种方式获得;(2) Use the software to measure the number of pixels, and the actual displacement of the multi-page grating can be obtained by viewing the multi-page grating manual, actual measurement and system export;

(3)、误差分析采取多次测量取平均值的方法。(3) The error analysis adopts the method of taking the average value of multiple measurements.

与现有技术相比,本发明的有益效果是:本发明使用计算机视觉技术对多页光栅到位检测,系统精确度高,可以同时对所有叶片进行检测,而且可以实时在线显示结果,同时对硬件的要求低,系统成本较低,可重复利用率高,操作简单,使用方便。Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effect of the present invention is: the present invention uses computer vision technology to detect the position of multi-page grating, the system has high precision, can detect all blades at the same time, and can display the results online in real time, and at the same time monitor the hardware The requirements are low, the system cost is low, the reusability is high, the operation is simple, and the use is convenient.

附图说明Description of drawings

图1为本发明的方法流程图;Fig. 1 is method flowchart of the present invention;

图2为本发明的视频采集流程图;Fig. 2 is the flow chart of video collection of the present invention;

图3为本发明的比例测定软件实现流程图;Fig. 3 is the realization flow chart of ratio determination software of the present invention;

图4为本发明的位移测量软件实现流程图。Fig. 4 is a flow chart for implementing the displacement measurement software of the present invention.

具体实施方式detailed description

下面将结合本发明实施例中的附图,对本发明实施例中的技术方案进行清楚、完整地描述,显然,所描述的实施例仅仅是本发明一部分实施例,而不是全部的实施例。基于本发明中的实施例,本领域普通技术人员在没有做出创造性劳动前提下所获得的所有其他实施例,都属于本发明保护的范围。The following will clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some, not all, embodiments of the present invention. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by persons of ordinary skill in the art without making creative efforts belong to the protection scope of the present invention.

下面结合附图对本发明做进一步说明:The present invention will be further described below in conjunction with accompanying drawing:

如图1所示,给出了本发明医用直线加速器多页光栅位置检测方法流程图,其包括以下具体步骤:As shown in Figure 1, the flow chart of the method for detecting the position of the multi-page grating of the medical linear accelerator of the present invention is provided, which includes the following specific steps:

第一步:搭建计算机视觉平台,包括选择视频采集所需要的工业相机,镜头,光源,处理视频所用的PC与相关软件的安装调试,在多页光栅下方放置固定板,将工业相机置于固定板板上多页光栅等中心位置,采用CCD工业相机,感光元件尺寸为3μm-10μm,像素为PAL制为768*576,NTSC制为640*480,帧速为120帧,镜头视场为20cm以上。选紫外线灯为光源。连接相机与PC,PC端安装相关软件,依照计算机视觉平台的搭建需要,选择相机需要考虑工业相机的扫描方式,感光元件,彩色还是灰阶以及信号传输类型;同时综合考虑对精度的要求,视野大小,检测物体的速度。对相机分辨率的要求可以通过要求的精度计算:Step 1: Build a computer vision platform, including selecting the industrial camera, lens, light source required for video capture, installing and debugging the PC used for video processing and related software, placing a fixed plate under the multi-page grating, and placing the industrial camera on a fixed The central position of the multi-page grating on the board adopts a CCD industrial camera, the size of the photosensitive element is 3μm-10μm, the pixel is 768*576 in PAL system, 640*480 in NTSC system, the frame rate is 120 frames, and the field of view of the lens is 20cm above. Choose ultraviolet light as the light source. Connect the camera to the PC, and install relevant software on the PC. According to the construction needs of the computer vision platform, the selection of the camera needs to consider the scanning mode of the industrial camera, the photosensitive element, color or grayscale, and the signal transmission type; at the same time, comprehensively consider the requirements for accuracy, field of view size, the speed at which the object is detected. The requirement for camera resolution can be calculated by the required accuracy:

精度=视野(长或宽)÷相机像素(长或宽)Accuracy = field of view (length or width) ÷ camera pixels (length or width)

则 相机像素(长或宽)=视野(长或宽)÷精度Then camera pixels (length or width) = field of view (length or width) ÷ precision

镜头选择需确定焦距,首先计算符合需求的放大倍率(M):Lens selection needs to determine the focal length, first calculate the magnification (M) that meets the requirements:

放大倍率(M)=Sensor Sizes/FOVMagnification (M) = Sensor Sizes/FOV

代入计算焦距(f)公式:Substitute into the formula for calculating the focal length (f):

焦距(f)=Sensor Sizes*WD/FOVFocal length (f) = Sensor Sizes*WD/FOV

其中Sensor Sizes是感光元件大小(相机内部感光元件的尺寸);Among them, Sensor Sizes is the size of the photosensitive element (the size of the photosensitive element inside the camera);

FOV是视野范围(相机所能获取到物体的实际范围);FOV is the field of view (the actual range of objects that the camera can obtain);

WD是工作距离(相机镜头前缘到物体表面的距离)。WD is the working distance (the distance from the front edge of the camera lens to the surface of the object).

符合需求的镜头实际的焦距需大于该数值。也可通过镜头目录或软件查询,只要将所需要的参数填入,便可快速找到适当的镜头。本发明中采用的自编软件,可以实现视频获取,图像处理,数值比较及显示。整个硬件设计中,考虑到不同品牌型号多页光栅尺寸不同,在选择器件中尽可能的满足绝大多数多页光栅品牌型号。The actual focal length of the lens that meets the requirements must be greater than this value. It can also be queried through the lens catalog or software, as long as the required parameters are filled in, the appropriate lens can be quickly found. The self-compiled software adopted in the present invention can realize video acquisition, image processing, numerical comparison and display. In the entire hardware design, considering the different sizes of multi-page gratings of different brands and models, the majority of multi-page grating brands and models should be satisfied as much as possible in the selection of devices.

第二步:在加速器上对病人进行模拟治疗。Step 2: Perform simulated treatment on the patient on the accelerator.

第三步:图像采集,如图2所示,首先将荧光标记物涂抹到光栅叶片顶端,为达到荧光足够亮的目的,可多次均匀涂抹。使用紫外线灯对荧光剂照射2到5分钟,使其达到最亮状态,将固定板放置于多页光栅下方,相机固定在固定板上,与多页光栅处于等中心位置,关闭放疗室灯,在黑暗的环境下荧光效果凸显。PC端软件连接相机,使用软件中视频采集模块获取视频,采集图像。The third step: image acquisition, as shown in Figure 2, first apply the fluorescent marker to the top of the grating blade, in order to achieve the purpose of bright enough fluorescence, it can be evenly applied multiple times. Use ultraviolet light to irradiate the fluorescent agent for 2 to 5 minutes to make it reach the brightest state, place the fixed plate under the multi-page grating, fix the camera on the fixed plate, and the multi-page grating are in the isocenter position, turn off the light in the radiotherapy room, The fluorescent effect is prominent in the dark environment. The PC-side software is connected to the camera, and the video acquisition module in the software is used to acquire video and capture images.

此步骤中,根据不同品牌型号多页光栅,适当调整固定板放置位置,调整相机工作距离,相机视场应覆盖整个多页光栅运动范围。In this step, according to different brands and models of multi-page gratings, properly adjust the position of the fixing plate and adjust the working distance of the camera. The camera field of view should cover the entire range of motion of the multi-page gratings.

第四步:使用软件对所得图像处理,测得多页光栅位移。步骤如下:Step 4: Use software to process the obtained image, and measure the displacement of multiple pages of gratings. Proceed as follows:

(1)比例测定,如图3所示,使用软件中的视频采集模块获取图像,将所得图像二值化,选择灰度值128作为二值化图像的阈值;获取多页光栅起始位置图像,使用质心处理模块获取起始位置质心坐标,获取多页光栅运动到中线位置时图像,使用质心处理模块获取中线位置质心坐标,根据两坐标计算得像素个数;通过多页光栅手册查询多页光栅从起始位置运动到中线位置时的标准位移量,同时实测多页光栅位移量,以检验是否到位;运用公式,标准实际位移比像素个数德比例系数。(1) Ratio measurement, as shown in Figure 3, use the video capture module in the software to acquire the image, the gained image is binarized, and the grayscale value 128 is selected as the threshold value of the binarized image; obtain the multi-page grating starting position image , use the centroid processing module to obtain the centroid coordinates of the starting position, obtain the image when the multi-page grating moves to the midline position, use the centroid processing module to obtain the centroid coordinates of the midline position, and calculate the number of pixels according to the two coordinates; query multiple pages through the multi-page grating manual The standard displacement of the grating when it moves from the initial position to the centerline position, and measure the displacement of multiple pages of the grating at the same time to check whether it is in place; using the formula, the standard actual displacement is proportional to the number of pixels.

(2)多页光栅位移测量,如图4所示,使用软件中视频采集模块获取视频;选择灰度值128作为二值化图像的阈值;获取多页光栅运动位移图像;使用质心处理模块获取图像中质心坐标;比较初始质心坐标,计算像素个数,乘以比例系数得实际位移。(2) Multi-page grating displacement measurement, as shown in Figure 4, use the video acquisition module in the software to obtain video; select gray value 128 as the threshold of binarized image; obtain multi-page grating motion displacement image; use centroid processing module to obtain The coordinates of the center of mass in the image; compare the initial coordinates of the center of mass, calculate the number of pixels, and multiply it by the scale factor to get the actual displacement.

此步骤中,比例系数的测定去除误差采用多次测量取平均值的方法。针对不同多页光栅均需测定单位像素点与实际距离的比例系数。In this step, the method of taking the average value of multiple measurements is adopted for the determination of the proportional coefficient to remove the error. For different multi-page rasters, the proportional coefficient between the unit pixel point and the actual distance needs to be determined.

第五步:将治疗计划的多叶光栅位移量导入PC端与实际位移量比较;Step 5: Import the displacement of the multi-leaf grating into the PC terminal and compare it with the actual displacement;

第六步:显示结果,获得最终多页光栅到位结果。Step 6: Display the results to get the final multi-page raster-in-place result.

尽管已经示出和描述了本发明的实施例,对于本领域的普通技术人员而言,可以理解在不脱离本发明的原理和精神的情况下可以对这些实施例进行多种变化、修改、替换和变型,本发明的范围由所附权利要求及其等同物限定。Although the embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, those skilled in the art can understand that various changes, modifications and substitutions can be made to these embodiments without departing from the principle and spirit of the present invention. and modifications, the scope of the invention is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims (4)

1.一种医用直线加速器多页光栅位置检测方法,包括以下步骤:1. A multi-page grating position detection method for a medical linear accelerator, comprising the following steps: 第一步:搭建计算机视觉平台,包括选择视频采集所需要的工业相机,镜头,光源,处理视频所用的PC与相关软件的安装调试,在多页光栅下方放置固定板,将工业相机置于固定板板上多页光栅等中心位置;Step 1: Build a computer vision platform, including selecting the industrial camera, lens, light source required for video capture, installing and debugging the PC used for video processing and related software, placing a fixed plate under the multi-page grating, and placing the industrial camera on a fixed The central position of the multi-page grating on the board; 第二步:在加速器上对病人进行模拟治疗;Step 2: Perform simulated treatment on the patient on the accelerator; 第三步:使用软件中图像采集模块采集多页光栅的运动视频;Step 3: Use the image acquisition module in the software to collect motion videos of multi-page rasters; 第四步:使用软件对所得图像处理,测得多页光栅位移,先将获得的图像二值化处理,后计算出图像中感兴趣点移动的像素点个数,乘以单位像素点的变化与实际距离的比例系数,求得物体移动的实际位移;Step 4: Use software to process the obtained image, measure the displacement of multiple pages of rasters, first binarize the obtained image, and then calculate the number of pixels moving by the point of interest in the image, and multiply it by the change of the unit pixel The proportional coefficient to the actual distance can be used to obtain the actual displacement of the moving object; 第五步:将治疗计划的多叶光栅位移量导入PC端与实际位移量比较;Step 5: Import the displacement of the multi-leaf grating into the PC terminal and compare it with the actual displacement; 第六步:显示结果。Step 6: Display the result. 2.根据权利要求1所述的一种医用直线加速器多页光栅位置检测方法,其特征在于:所述第一步中,依照计算机视觉平台的搭建需要,选择相机需要考虑工业相机的扫描方式,感光元件,彩色还是灰阶以及信号传输类型;同时综合考虑对精度的要求,视野大小,检测物体的速度。对相机分辨率的要求可以通过要求的精度计算:2. A method for detecting the position of a multi-page grating of a medical linear accelerator according to claim 1, characterized in that: in the first step, according to the construction requirements of the computer vision platform, the selection of the camera needs to consider the scanning mode of the industrial camera, Photosensitive element, color or grayscale and signal transmission type; at the same time, comprehensively consider the requirements for accuracy, the size of the field of view, and the speed of detecting objects. The requirement for camera resolution can be calculated by the required accuracy: 精度=视野(长或宽)÷相机像素(长或宽)Accuracy = field of view (length or width) ÷ camera pixels (length or width) 则 相机像素(长或宽)=视野(长或宽)÷精度Then camera pixels (length or width) = field of view (length or width) ÷ precision 镜头选择需确定焦距,首先计算符合需求的放大倍率(M):Lens selection needs to determine the focal length, first calculate the magnification (M) that meets the requirements: 放大倍率(M)=Sensor Sizes/FOVMagnification (M) = Sensor Sizes/FOV 代入计算焦距(f)公式:Substitute into the formula for calculating the focal length (f): 焦距(f)=Sensor Sizes*WD/FOVFocal length (f) = Sensor Sizes*WD/FOV 其中Sensor Sizes是感光元件大小(相机内部感光元件的尺寸);Among them, Sensor Sizes is the size of the photosensitive element (the size of the photosensitive element inside the camera); FOV是视野范围(相机所能获取到物体的实际范围);FOV is the field of view (the actual range of objects that the camera can obtain); WD是工作距离(相机镜头前缘到物体表面的距离)。WD is the working distance (the distance from the front edge of the camera lens to the surface of the object). 符合需求的镜头实际的焦距需大于该数值。也可通过镜头目录或软件查询,只要将所需要的参数填入,便可快速找到适当的镜头。本发明中采用的自编软件,可以实现视频获取,图像处理,数值比较及显示。整个硬件设计中,考虑到不同品牌型号多页光栅尺寸不同,在选择器件中尽可能的满足绝大多数多页光栅品牌型号。The actual focal length of the lens that meets the requirements must be greater than this value. It can also be queried through the lens catalog or software, as long as the required parameters are filled in, the appropriate lens can be quickly found. The self-compiled software adopted in the present invention can realize video acquisition, image processing, numerical comparison and display. In the entire hardware design, considering the different sizes of multi-page gratings of different brands and models, the majority of multi-page grating brands and models should be satisfied as much as possible in the selection of devices. 3.根据权利要求1所述的一种医用直线加速器多页光栅位置检测方法,其特征在于:所述第二步中,根据不同品牌不同型号多页光栅形状大小的差异,安装相机时应注意相机工作距离,相机视场应覆盖整个多页光栅运动范围,为了后续软件处理简单,将荧光标记物涂抹到光栅叶片顶端,使用紫外线灯照射2到5分钟,后撤去紫外线灯,将固定板放置与多页光栅下方,相机固定在固定板上,关闭放疗室灯,软件连接相机与PC端,在黑暗的环境下通过软件的USB采集视频模块采集视频,荧光剂采用蓄光型荧光漆。3. A method for detecting the position of a multi-page grating of a medical linear accelerator according to claim 1, wherein in the second step, according to the difference in the shape and size of the multi-page grating of different brands and models, attention should be paid when installing the camera The working distance of the camera and the field of view of the camera should cover the entire moving range of the multi-page grating. For the sake of simple subsequent software processing, apply fluorescent markers to the top of the grating blades, irradiate with ultraviolet light for 2 to 5 minutes, remove the ultraviolet light, and place the fixed plate Under the multi-page grating, the camera is fixed on the fixed plate, the light in the radiotherapy room is turned off, the software is connected to the camera and the PC, and the video is collected through the software’s USB video capture module in a dark environment. The fluorescent agent adopts light-storage fluorescent paint. 4.根据权利要求1所述的一种医用直线加速器多页光栅位置检测方法,其特征在于:所述第三步中,单位像素点与实际距离的比例系数需预先测定,且对于不同品牌型号多页光栅均需测定,测定步骤如下:4. A method for detecting the position of a multi-page grating of a medical linear accelerator according to claim 1, characterized in that: in the third step, the proportional coefficient between the unit pixel point and the actual distance needs to be determined in advance, and for different brands and models Multi-page grating needs to be measured, and the measurement steps are as follows: (1)、采集多页光栅从起始(0位移)位置运动到终点(中线)位置视频;(1), collect multi-page grating moving from the initial (0 displacement) position to the end point (middle line) position video; (2)、使用软件测得像素点个数,多页光栅的实际位移通过查看多页光栅手册,实际测量和系统导出三种方式获得;(2) Use the software to measure the number of pixels, and the actual displacement of the multi-page grating can be obtained by viewing the multi-page grating manual, actual measurement and system export; (3)、误差分析采取多次测量取平均值的方法。(3) The error analysis adopts the method of taking the average value of multiple measurements.
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