CN106477720B - Short-cut denitrification reactor and quick start method of short-cut denitrification process - Google Patents
Short-cut denitrification reactor and quick start method of short-cut denitrification process Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a short-cut denitrification reactor, which is provided with a denitrification reaction tank, wherein a stirrer, a liquid level meter and an online NO are arranged in the denitrification reaction tank 3 ‑ The N tester, the temperature controller and the online pH meter are respectively provided with a drain pipe at the positions of 1/2 and 3/4 of the liquid level outside the side wall of the denitrification reaction tank, and each drain pipe is provided with an electromagnetic valve; a water inlet pipe and a water inlet pump which are communicated with the reaction tank are arranged; the automatic pH value adjusting system is composed of an automatic pH value adjusting controller, a dosing barrel, a dosing pump and an online pH meter which are in control connection with the controller; in addition, an automatic controller for controlling the automatic operation of the reactor is arranged, and the automatic controller, the water inlet pump, the liquid level meter and the online NO 3 ‑ The N tester, the temperature controller, the electromagnetic valve and the pH value automatic regulating controller are in control connection to form the reactor control system. The invention is suitable for quick start of short-range denitrification process, has low investment, low cost, high automatic control degree, flexible control, good quality, high efficiency, energy conservation and environmental protection.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of sewage treatment, in particular to a short-cut denitrification reactor and a method for quickly starting a short-cut denitrification process by using the short-cut denitrification reactor.
Background
Anaerobic ammoxidation autotrophic denitrification processes are a revolutionary alternative to traditional nitrification and denitrification processes by NO 2 — N (nitrite nitrogen) vs. NH 4 + N (ammonia nitrogen) oxidation to achieve autotrophic denitrification requires only about 50% NH in the wastewater 4 + Conversion of N to NO 2 - And compared with the traditional process, the method saves 62.5% of aeration energy consumption, does not need additional carbon source, has low sludge yield and does not generate greenhouse gas.
Short-cut nitrification is the intermediate product NO of anaerobic ammoxidation 2 - Conventional routes of N production by NH under the action of Ammonia-oxidizing bacteria 4 + Conversion of N to NO 2 — N. However, stable short-cut nitrification is difficult to control, especially for low ammonia nitrogen wastewater, such as municipal wastewater, short-cut nitrification is difficult to maintain stably, and stable and sufficient NO is difficult to provide for anaerobic ammonia oxidation reaction 2 - -N. Thus, stable and rapid NO development 2 - The method of production of-N is critical.
The short-cut denitrification process is a fast and stable NO 2 - N-production method, control denitrification process to produce NO 2 - -N stage, i.e. preventing denitrifying bacteria from utilizing carbon sources to convert NO 2 - -N is further reduced to nitrogen. Compared with the traditional short-cut nitrification NO 2 - Compared with the N production process, the short-cut denitrification process has the advantages of 100% saving of aeration energy consumption, 50% shortening of reaction time, simple reaction process control and great practical engineering application potential. At the same time, the anaerobic ammoxidation reaction can produce NO 3 - -N. NO produced by anaerobic ammoxidation can be oxidized by adopting short-cut denitrification 3 - Reduction of N to NO 2 - -N, providing NO for anaerobic ammoxidation 2 - -N substrate, further reducing NO in the effluent 3 - -N concentration. Therefore, the short-cut denitrification process has great practical application value, and has great significance in developing a quick start method of the short-cut denitrification process.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the technical problems, the invention provides a denitrification reactor, which is additionally provided with an automatic pH value adjusting system and a reactor control system on the basis of a traditional SBR reactor. The pH value automatic regulating and controlling system realizes automatic regulation of the pH value in the reactor, and the reactor control system is used for regulating the pH value according to NO in the reactor 3 - The N concentration controls the reaction time of the reactor, and realizes the automatic control of the functions of water inlet, reaction, water discharge and the like of the reactor.
The quick start method of short-cut denitrification process comprises the following steps of: n is p COD ：ρ NO3 That is, the carbon sources COD and NO 3 - The concentration ratio of-N and the initial pH value of the reaction are regulated and controlled in a combined way to realize the short-cut denitrifying bacteriaAnd (3) quick enrichment and culture are realized, and quick starting of the short-cut denitrification process is realized.
The aim of the invention is realized by the following technical scheme:
a short-cut denitrification reactor is characterized in that: is provided with a denitrification reaction tank, a stirrer is arranged in the denitrification reaction tank, a liquid level meter and an online NO 3 - The N tester, the temperature controller and the online pH meter are respectively provided with a drain pipe at the positions of 1/2 and 3/4 of the liquid level outside the side wall of the denitrification reaction tank, and each drain pipe is provided with an electromagnetic valve; a water inlet pipe and a water inlet pump which are communicated with the reaction tank are arranged; the automatic pH value adjusting system comprises an automatic pH value adjusting controller, a dosing barrel, a dosing pump and an online pH meter, wherein the dosing barrel, the dosing pump and the online pH meter are in control connection with the controller; in addition, an automatic controller for controlling the automatic operation of the denitrification reactor is arranged, and the automatic controller, the water inlet pump, the liquid level meter and the online NO 3 - The N determinator, the temperature controller, the electromagnetic valve and the pH value automatic regulating controller are in control connection to form a short-range denitrification reactor control system.
The invention is further perfected and implemented by the following supplementary scheme:
the automatic controller is provided with a remote wireless signal transmission module, and is in signal transmission connection with the central monitor in the factory through the remote wireless signal transmission module, so that the information of the running condition of the denitrification reactor is timely transmitted to the central monitor in the factory.
The quick start method for carrying out the short-cut denitrification process by utilizing the short-cut denitrification reactor is characterized by comprising the following steps:
1) Starting a short-cut denitrification reactor control system and a pH value automatic regulating system, and setting control values according to the tank capacity of the denitrification reaction tank: pH value adjustment, pH value automatic adjustment controller extraction pH value interval time, pH value adjustment time, denitrification reaction tank water temperature and reactor control system extraction NO from online nitrate meter 3 - -interval time of N concentration, settling time of denitrification reaction Chi Jing and idle time after static settling;
2) Inoculating sludge: inoculating denitrifying bacteria in denitrifying reactorFirstly testing the denitrification rate of the sludge, wherein the denitrification rate is required to be more than 0.1kg NO 3 - -N/m 3 d, activated sludge of urban sewage treatment plants with denitrification function mostly meets the requirements; the concentration of sludge in the reactor after inoculation is controlled to 2500-4500mg/L;
3) Concentration of nitrate and COD in the water to be fed: adding nitrate into a water inlet pool, and controlling NO 3 — The concentration of N is 20-80mg/L, and a carbon source is added: glucose, sodium acetate, starch, and adjust the carbon/nitrogen ratio in the feed water, i.e. COD: NO (NO) 3 - -N is 1-2;
4) Water inlet of denitrification reaction tank: the automatic controller controls the starting of the water inlet pump, and controls the water inlet pump to be closed after the denitrification reaction tank is fully filled with water through a liquid level meter in the denitrification reaction tank;
5) Adjusting the pH value in the denitrification reaction tank: the pH value regulating system is started, the pH value of the initial reaction is automatically regulated to 8.0-9.5, the pH value regulating method is that a pH value automatic regulating controller obtains the pH value in a denitrification reaction tank from an online pH meter in the denitrification reaction tank, when the pH value is lower than a set standard, a solution is extracted from a dosing barrel through a dosing pump and is injected into the denitrification reaction tank, a stirrer is started at the same time, the pH value is extracted after 5-10 seconds until the pH value reaches the standard, and the pH regulating system stops regulating after 5-10 minutes. The corresponding value of the pH difference value and the dosing quantity is preset according to the volume of the denitrification reaction tank and the concentration of the liquid medicine in the dosing barrel, so that the pH value can be regulated quickly and accurately;
6) Regulating the temperature of water in the denitrification reaction tank: the automatic controller adjusts the water temperature in the denitrification reaction tank through a temperature controller, and controls the water temperature to be 25-32 ℃;
7) Starting the reaction process of the denitrification reactor: after the above steps are completed, the automatic controller starts the stirrer, and the on-line nitrate meter records the initial NO 3 - N concentration, the denitrification reactor formally starts to enter the denitrification reaction process, and the reactor control system extracts NO from the online nitrate meter every 10-30 seconds 3 - -N concentration, when NO 3 - -N concentration less than initial NO 3 - Stopping at 1/3 of the N concentrationStopping the stirrer, and carrying out the next step;
8) Static sedimentation is carried out in the denitrification reaction tank: after stopping the stirrer, carrying out static sedimentation in the denitrification reaction tank for 15-30 minutes, and during the static sedimentation, if the muddy water interface in the reactor is lower than the upper drain pipe, starting the upper drain pipe to drain, and if the muddy water interface is lower than the lower drain pipe, starting the lower drain pipe to drain; stopping draining after the static sinking time is over, and carrying out the next step;
9) Completing a culture period of the short-range denitrifying bacteria: after the denitrification Chi Jing is settled in the last step, the nitrate NO in the denitrification Chi Naya is detected after the reaction is idle for 10 to 30 minutes 2 - N accumulation rate, i.e. nitrite NO during the reaction 2 - -if the ratio of the increased value of the N concentration to the decreased value of the nitrate concentration is greater than 80%, ending the first cultivation cycle and returning to the operation of step 3) for the next cultivation cycle if not; if the ratio is more than 80%, the next step is carried out;
10 Ending the quick start process: closing the pH value automatic regulating system, and controlling by the denitrification reactor automatic control system to perform the next step and start the normal operation of the short-cut denitrification process;
11 Water inlet of denitrification reaction tank): the automatic controller controls the starting of the water inlet pump, controls the water in the denitrification reaction tank to be full of water through a liquid level meter in the denitrification reaction tank, and then closes the water inlet pump for the next step;
12 Denitrification reaction process): the automatic controller starts the stirrer and the on-line nitrate meter records the initial NO 3 - N concentration, the denitrification reactor formally starts to enter the denitrification reaction process, and the reactor control system extracts NO from the online nitrate meter every 10-30 seconds 3 - -N concentration, when NO 3 - -N concentration less than initial NO 3 - Stopping the stirrer when the concentration of N is 1/3 of the concentration, and carrying out the next step;
13 A denitrification reaction tank for static sedimentation and drainage: after stopping the stirrer, carrying out static sedimentation in the denitrification reaction tank for 15-30 minutes, and during the static sedimentation, if the muddy water interface in the reactor is lower than the upper drain pipe, starting the upper drain pipe to drain, and if the muddy water interface is lower than the lower drain pipe, starting the lower drain pipe to drain; stopping draining after the static sinking time is over; returning to step 11).
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
1. the denitrification reactor structure is improved on the basis of the original SBR reactor, so that the investment is low, the cost is low, and the production operation period is short;
2. the rapid start of the short-cut denitrification process can greatly improve the operation efficiency of the short-cut denitrification process, greatly shorten the sewage treatment period, and improve the production efficiency, thereby greatly reducing the operation cost and improving the productivity;
3. the quick start method of the short-cut denitrification process has the advantages of high automatic control degree, flexible and accurate control, good quality and high efficiency;
4. energy is saved, and environmental protection is facilitated.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural view of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The invention is illustrated in the following description with reference to the figures and examples:
example 1: referring to the attached drawings, a short-cut denitrification reactor is provided with a denitrification reaction tank 1, a stirrer 5, a liquid level meter 4 and an online NO 3 - The N tester 3, the temperature controller 7 and the online pH meter 9 are respectively provided with a drain pipe at the positions of 1/2 and 3/4 of the liquid level outside the side wall of the denitrification reaction tank, and each drain pipe is provided with an electromagnetic valve 13 and 14; a water inlet pipe and a water inlet pump 2 which are communicated with the reaction tank are arranged; the automatic pH value adjusting system comprises an automatic pH value adjusting controller 12, a dosing barrel 11, a dosing pump 10 and an online pH meter, wherein the dosing barrel 11, the dosing pump 10 and the online pH meter are in control connection with the controller; in addition, an automatic controller 8 for controlling the automatic operation of the denitrification reactor is arranged, and the automatic controller is connected with the water inlet pump, the liquid level meter and the online NO 3 - The N determinator, the temperature controller, the electromagnetic valve and the pH value automatic regulating controller are in control connection to form a short-range denitrification reactor control system.
The automatic controller is provided with a remote wireless signal transmission module, and is in signal transmission connection with the central monitor in the factory through the remote wireless signal transmission module, so that the information of the running condition of the denitrification reactor is timely transmitted to the central monitor in the factory.
The quick start method for carrying out the short-cut denitrification process by utilizing the short-cut denitrification reactor comprises the following steps:
1) Starting a short-cut denitrification reactor control system and a pH value automatic regulating system, and setting control values according to the tank capacity of the denitrification reaction tank: pH value is 8.8, the interval time between extracting pH value by the automatic pH value adjusting controller is 5 minutes, the time of adjusting pH value is 5 seconds, the water temperature of the denitrification reaction tank is 28 ℃, and the reactor control system extracts NO from the online nitrate meter 3 - The interval time of the N concentration is 30 seconds, the denitrification reaction Chi Jing sedimentation time is 30 minutes, and the idle time after static sedimentation is 5 minutes;
2) Inoculating sludge: the sludge rich in denitrifying bacteria is inoculated in a denitrification reactor, the denitrification rate of the sludge is tested firstly, and the denitrification rate is required to be greater than 0.1kg NO 3 - -N/m 3 d, activated sludge of urban sewage treatment plants with denitrification function mostly meets the requirements; the concentration of sludge in the reactor after inoculation is controlled to 2500-4500mg/L;
3) Concentration of nitrate and COD in the water to be fed: adding nitrate into a water inlet pool, and controlling NO 3 — The concentration of N is 20-80mg/L, and a carbon source is added: glucose, sodium acetate, starch, and adjust the carbon/nitrogen ratio in the feed water, i.e. COD: NO (NO) 3 - -N is 1-2;
4) Water inlet of denitrification reaction tank: the automatic controller controls the starting of the water inlet pump, and controls the water inlet pump to be closed after the denitrification reaction tank is fully filled with water through a liquid level meter in the denitrification reaction tank;
5) Adjusting the pH value in the denitrification reaction tank: the pH value regulating system is started, the pH value of the initial reaction is automatically regulated to 8.8, the pH value regulating method is that a pH value automatic regulating controller obtains the pH value in the denitrification reaction tank from an online pH meter in the denitrification reaction tank, when the pH value is lower than a set standard, a solution is extracted from a dosing barrel through a dosing pump and is injected into the denitrification reaction tank, a stirrer is started at the same time, the pH value is extracted after 5-10 seconds until the pH value reaches the standard, and the pH value regulating system stops regulating after 5-10 minutes.
6) Regulating the temperature of water in the denitrification reaction tank: the automatic controller adjusts the water temperature in the denitrification reaction tank through a temperature controller and controls the water temperature to be 28 ℃;
7) Starting the reaction process of the denitrification reactor: after the above steps are completed, the automatic controller starts the stirrer, and the on-line nitrate meter records the initial NO 3 - N concentration, the denitrification reactor formally starts to enter the denitrification reaction process, and the reactor control system extracts NO from the online nitrate meter every 30 seconds 3 - -N concentration, when NO 3 - -N concentration less than initial NO 3 - Stopping the stirrer when the concentration of N is 1/3 of the concentration, and carrying out the next step;
8) Static sedimentation is carried out in the denitrification reaction tank: after stopping the stirrer, carrying out static sedimentation in the denitrification reaction tank for 30 minutes, and during the static sedimentation, if the muddy water interface in the reactor is lower than the upper drain pipe, starting the upper drain pipe to drain, and if the muddy water interface is lower than the lower drain pipe, starting the lower drain pipe to drain; stopping draining after the static sinking time is over, and carrying out the next step;
9) Completing a culture period of the short-range denitrifying bacteria: after the denitrification Chi Jing is settled in the last step, the nitrate NO in the denitrification Chi Naya is detected after the reaction is idle for 10 to 30 minutes 2 - N accumulation rate, i.e. nitrite NO during the reaction 2 - -if the ratio of the increased value of the N concentration to the decreased value of the nitrate concentration is greater than 80%, ending the first cultivation cycle and returning to the operation of step 3) for the next cultivation cycle if not; if the ratio is more than 80%, the next step is carried out;
10 Ending the quick start process: after 5 culture cycles, the detection results were: the accumulation rate of the nitrate in the reaction Chi Naya is more than 80 percent, the culture period is stopped, and the rapid starting process is completed; closing the pH value automatic regulating system, and controlling by the denitrification reactor automatic control system to perform the next step and start the normal operation of the short-cut denitrification process;
11 Water inlet of denitrification reaction tank): the automatic controller controls the starting of the water inlet pump, controls the water in the denitrification reaction tank to be full of water through a liquid level meter in the denitrification reaction tank, and then closes the water inlet pump for the next step;
12 Denitrification reaction process): the automatic controller starts the stirrer and the on-line nitrate meter records the initial NO 3 - N concentration, the denitrification reactor formally starts to enter the denitrification reaction process, and the reactor control system extracts NO from the online nitrate meter every 30 seconds 3 - -N concentration, when NO 3 - -N concentration less than initial NO 3 - Stopping the stirrer when the concentration of N is 1/3 of the concentration, and carrying out the next step;
13 A denitrification reaction tank for static sedimentation and drainage: after stopping the stirrer, carrying out static sedimentation in the denitrification reaction tank for 30 minutes, and during the static sedimentation, if the muddy water interface in the reactor is lower than the upper drain pipe, starting the upper drain pipe to drain, and if the muddy water interface is lower than the lower drain pipe, starting the lower drain pipe to drain; stopping draining after the static sinking time is over; returning to step 11).
The embodiment runs normally for one week, all is normal, and ideal effects are obtained. The start-up time to enter normal operation is reduced by 40% over conventional start-up methods.
It should be noted that: on the premise of not changing the basic structure of the equipment and the basic steps of the method, the technical scheme of changing the size of the equipment and the basic steps of the method belongs to the protection scope of the patent.
Claims (1)
1. A quick start method for short-cut denitrification process of short-cut denitrification reactor is provided with a denitrification reaction tank (1), wherein a stirrer (5), a liquid level meter (4) and online NO are arranged in the denitrification reaction tank 3 - -an N tester (3), a temperature controller (7) and an online pH meter (9), wherein a drain pipe is respectively arranged at the positions of 1/2 and 3/4 of the liquid level outside the side wall of the denitrification reaction tank, and each drain pipe is provided with an electromagnetic valve (13, 14); a water inlet pipe and a water inlet pump (2) which are communicated with the reaction tank are arranged; is provided with an automatic pH value adjusting controller (12), a dosing barrel (11), a dosing pump (10) and an online pipeline which are in control connection with the controllerA pH value automatic regulating system consisting of pH meters; in addition, an automatic controller (8) for controlling the automatic operation of the denitrification reactor is arranged, and the automatic controller is connected with the water inlet pump, the liquid level meter and the online NO 3 - The N determinator, the temperature controller, the electromagnetic valve and the pH value automatic regulating controller are in control connection to form a short-range denitrification reactor control system;
the automatic controller is provided with a remote wireless signal transmission module, and is in signal transmission connection with the central monitor in the factory through the remote wireless signal transmission module, so that the information of the running condition of the denitrification reactor is timely transmitted to the central monitor in the factory;
the method is characterized by comprising the following steps of: 1) Starting a short-cut denitrification reactor control system and a pH value automatic regulating system, and setting control values according to the tank capacity of the denitrification reaction tank: pH value adjustment, pH value automatic adjustment controller extraction pH value interval time, pH value adjustment time, denitrification reaction tank water temperature and reactor control system extraction NO from online nitrate meter 3 - -interval time of N concentration, settling time of denitrification reaction Chi Jing and idle time after static settling; 2) Inoculating sludge: the sludge rich in denitrifying bacteria is inoculated in a denitrification reactor, the denitrification rate of the sludge is tested firstly, and the denitrification rate is required to be greater than 0.1kg NO 3 - N/m3d, the activated sludge of urban sewage treatment plants with denitrification function generally meets the requirements; the concentration of sludge in the reactor after inoculation is controlled to 2500-4500mg/L; 3) Concentration of nitrate and COD in the water to be fed: adding nitrate into a water inlet pool, and controlling NO 3 - The concentration of the N is 20-80mg/L, and a carbon source is added: glucose, sodium acetate, starch, and adjust the carbon/nitrogen ratio in the feed water, i.e. COD: NO (NO) 3 - -N is 1-2; 4) Water inlet of denitrification reaction tank: the automatic controller controls the starting of the water inlet pump, and controls the water inlet pump to be closed after the denitrification reaction tank is fully filled with water through a liquid level meter in the denitrification reaction tank; 5) Adjusting the pH value in the denitrification reaction tank: the pH value regulating system is started to automatically regulate the initial reaction pH value to 8.0-9.5, and the pH value regulating method is that the pH value automatic regulating controller obtains the pH value in the denitrification reaction tank from the on-line pH meter in the denitrification reaction tank, and when the pH value is lower than the set pH valueDuring calibration, extracting the solution from the dosing barrel through the dosing pump, injecting the solution into the denitrification reaction tank, simultaneously starting the stirrer, extracting the pH value after 5-10 seconds until the pH value reaches the standard, and stopping the adjustment of the pH adjusting system after 5-10 minutes; the corresponding value of the pH difference value and the dosing quantity is preset according to the volume of the denitrification reaction tank and the concentration of the liquid medicine in the dosing barrel, so that the pH value can be regulated quickly and accurately; 6) Regulating the temperature of water in the denitrification reaction tank: the automatic controller adjusts the water temperature in the denitrification reaction tank through a temperature controller, and controls the water temperature to be 25-32 ℃; 7) Starting the reaction process of the denitrification reactor: after the above steps are completed, the automatic controller starts the stirrer, and the on-line nitrate meter records the initial NO 3 - N concentration, the denitrification reactor formally starts to enter the denitrification reaction process, and the reactor control system extracts NO from the online nitrate meter every 10-30 seconds 3 - -N concentration, when NO 3 - Stopping the stirrer when the concentration of N is less than 1/3 of the initial concentration of NO3- -N, and carrying out the next step; 8) Static sedimentation is carried out in the denitrification reaction tank: after stopping the stirrer, carrying out static sedimentation in the denitrification reaction tank for 15-30 minutes, and during the static sedimentation, if the muddy water interface in the reactor is lower than the upper drain pipe, starting the upper drain pipe to drain, and if the muddy water interface is lower than the lower drain pipe, starting the lower drain pipe to drain; stopping draining after the static sinking time is over, and carrying out the next step; 9) Completing a culture period of the short-range denitrifying bacteria: after the denitrification Chi Jing is settled in the last step, the nitrate NO in the denitrification Chi Naya is detected after the reaction is idle for 10 to 30 minutes 2 - N accumulation rate, i.e. nitrite NO during the reaction 2 - -if the ratio of the increased value of the N concentration to the decreased value of the nitrate concentration is greater than 80%, ending the first cultivation cycle and returning to the operation of step 3) for the next cultivation cycle if not; if the ratio is more than 80%, the next step is carried out; 10 Ending the quick start process: closing the pH value automatic regulating system, and controlling by the denitrification reactor automatic control system to perform the next step and start the normal operation of the short-cut denitrification process; 11 Water inlet of denitrification reaction tank): the automatic controller controls the starting of the water inlet pump, and controls the denitrification reaction tank to be closed after water is fully filled by a liquid level meter in the denitrification reaction tankA water inlet pump for the next step; 12 Denitrification reaction process): the automatic controller starts the stirrer and the on-line nitrate meter records the initial NO 3 - N concentration, the denitrification reactor formally starts to enter the denitrification reaction process, and the reactor control system extracts NO from the online nitrate meter every 10-30 seconds 3 - -N concentration, when NO 3 - -N concentration less than initial NO 3 - Stopping the stirrer when the concentration of N is 1/3 of the concentration, and carrying out the next step; 13 A denitrification reaction tank for static sedimentation and drainage: after stopping the stirrer, carrying out static sedimentation in the denitrification reaction tank for 15-30 minutes, and during the static sedimentation, if the muddy water interface in the reactor is lower than the upper drain pipe, starting the upper drain pipe to drain, and if the muddy water interface is lower than the lower drain pipe, starting the lower drain pipe to drain; stopping draining after the static sinking time is over; returning to step 11).
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