CN106475561B - A kind of auxiliary support structure suitable for tilting pendency thin-wall construction - Google Patents
A kind of auxiliary support structure suitable for tilting pendency thin-wall construction Download PDFInfo
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- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 title claims 22
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 45
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 43
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- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 claims 2
- 238000000227 grinding Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 abstract description 10
- 238000005336 cracking Methods 0.000 abstract description 7
- 239000011229 interlayer Substances 0.000 abstract description 6
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 abstract description 6
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 abstract description 6
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- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 description 6
- 238000003892 spreading Methods 0.000 description 5
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- 229910001069 Ti alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 1
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- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000002739 metals Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000000465 moulding Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000006748 scratching Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002393 scratching effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006467 substitution reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F10/00—Additive manufacturing of workpieces or articles from metallic powder
- B22F10/20—Direct sintering or melting
- B22F10/28—Powder bed fusion, e.g. selective laser melting [SLM] or electron beam melting [EBM]
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F10/00—Additive manufacturing of workpieces or articles from metallic powder
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F10/00—Additive manufacturing of workpieces or articles from metallic powder
- B22F10/40—Structures for supporting workpieces or articles during manufacture and removed afterwards
- B22F10/47—Structures for supporting workpieces or articles during manufacture and removed afterwards characterised by structural features
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F5/00—Manufacture of workpieces or articles from metallic powder characterised by the special shape of the product
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B33—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING TECHNOLOGY
- B33Y—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING, i.e. MANUFACTURING OF THREE-DIMENSIONAL [3-D] OBJECTS BY ADDITIVE DEPOSITION, ADDITIVE AGGLOMERATION OR ADDITIVE LAYERING, e.g. BY 3-D PRINTING, STEREOLITHOGRAPHY OR SELECTIVE LASER SINTERING
- B33Y30/00—Apparatus for additive manufacturing; Details thereof or accessories therefor
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B33—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING TECHNOLOGY
- B33Y—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING, i.e. MANUFACTURING OF THREE-DIMENSIONAL [3-D] OBJECTS BY ADDITIVE DEPOSITION, ADDITIVE AGGLOMERATION OR ADDITIVE LAYERING, e.g. BY 3-D PRINTING, STEREOLITHOGRAPHY OR SELECTIVE LASER SINTERING
- B33Y40/00—Auxiliary operations or equipment, e.g. for material handling
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
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- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P10/00—Technologies related to metal processing
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Abstract
本发明提供了一种适用于倾斜悬垂薄壁结构的辅助支撑结构，该结构用于激光选区熔化增材制造过程中，将倾斜悬垂薄壁结构支撑在基板上，具体适用于倾角大于45度、与基板间存在一定距离且厚度小于3.5mm的倾斜悬垂薄壁结构；本发明在悬垂端和成形基板间采用网格支撑，在悬垂薄壁结构背面采用薄片式实体支撑，且网格支撑与实体支撑固连形成整体；可避免悬垂部位出现翘曲变形及层间错位等缺陷，且网格支撑部分不会出现“拉裂”及“蹭断”进而引发悬垂部位“塌陷”等问题；支撑去除难度及工作量、生产周期及成本等较整体实体支撑均大幅减少或降低。
The invention provides an auxiliary support structure suitable for inclined and suspended thin-walled structures, which is used in the laser selective melting and additive manufacturing process to support the inclined and suspended thin-walled structures on the substrate, and is particularly suitable for inclination angles greater than 45 degrees, An inclined overhanging thin-walled structure with a certain distance from the substrate and a thickness of less than 3.5mm; the present invention adopts a grid support between the overhanging end and the formed substrate, and adopts a sheet-type solid support on the back of the overhanging thin-walled structure, and the grid support and the solid The support is fixed and connected to form a whole; it can avoid defects such as warping deformation and interlayer misalignment in the overhanging part, and the grid support part will not appear "cracking" and "breaking" and cause problems such as "collapse" in the overhanging part; support removal Compared with the overall physical support, the difficulty and workload, production cycle and cost are greatly reduced or lowered.
Description
技术领域technical field
本发明涉及激光选区熔化增材制造技术领域，特别涉及一种适用于倾斜悬垂薄壁结构的辅助支撑结构，该结构应用于激光选区熔化增材制造时，对具有倾斜悬垂薄壁结构的零件进行辅助支撑。The invention relates to the technical field of laser selective melting and additive manufacturing, in particular to an auxiliary support structure suitable for inclined and suspended thin-walled structures. Auxiliary support.
背景技术Background technique
激光选区熔化增材制造技术，基于合金粉末逐层熔化成形制造复杂零件，在钛合金、高温合金等难加工金属复杂型腔、型面、薄壁、变截面零件整体制造方面具有独特优势。Laser selective melting additive manufacturing technology, based on alloy powder layer-by-layer melting and forming to manufacture complex parts, has unique advantages in the overall manufacturing of complex cavities, profiles, thin-walled, and variable-section parts of difficult-to-machine metals such as titanium alloys and high-temperature alloys.
目前，激光选区熔化增材制造零件辅助支撑主要设计为整体实体类或整体网格类结构形式。整体实体类结构形式的辅助支撑残余应力较大，成形及支撑去除等后处理过程中易于引起层间拉裂或悬垂部位变形等问题，且成形废重多、成形周期长，后续支撑去除工作量大。整体网格类结构形式的辅助支撑残余应力较小，支撑易于去除、去除工作量小，但由于温度梯度、冷却速率等较实体零件存在较大差异，各部位收缩不一致，容易引起壁厚小于3.5mm较薄厚度网格支撑拉裂，影响型面成形精度，甚至可导致成形过程无法继续进行等严重问题。At present, the auxiliary support of laser selective melting additive manufacturing parts is mainly designed as an overall solid or overall grid structure. The residual stress of the auxiliary support in the overall solid structure is relatively large, and it is easy to cause problems such as interlayer cracking or deformation of the overhanging part during post-processing such as forming and support removal, and the forming waste is heavy, the forming cycle is long, and the workload of subsequent support removal big. The residual stress of the auxiliary support in the form of integral mesh structure is small, the support is easy to remove, and the removal workload is small. However, due to the large difference in temperature gradient and cooling rate compared with solid parts, the shrinkage of each part is inconsistent, and it is easy to cause the wall thickness to be less than 3.5. mm thinner thickness grid supports pull cracks, which affects the forming accuracy of the profile, and may even lead to serious problems such as the inability to continue the forming process.
因此，针对壁厚小于3.5mm且与水平面夹角大于45°的倾斜悬垂面，采用现有技术无法避免成形过程中悬垂面出现翘曲变形和成形层层间错位等缺陷，而且不能有效控制应力分布而保证型面成形精度。Therefore, for the inclined overhanging surface whose wall thickness is less than 3.5 mm and the angle with the horizontal plane is greater than 45°, the existing technology cannot avoid defects such as warping deformation and interlayer misalignment of the forming layer during the forming process, and cannot effectively control the stress distribution to ensure the surface forming accuracy.
发明内容Contents of the invention
本发明的目的在于克服现有技术的缺点，提供了一种适用于倾斜悬垂薄壁结构的辅助支撑结构，该结构针对壁厚小于3.5mm且与水平面夹角大于45°的倾斜悬垂薄壁结构特点，采用实体支撑与网格支撑固连结合的整体式支撑结构，提供足够的强度和刚度，既可以抑制倾斜悬垂薄壁结构出现翘曲变形和成形层层间错位等缺陷，又可避免整体网格支撑和整体实体支撑造成的加工量大及型面精度无法保证等问题。The purpose of the present invention is to overcome the shortcomings of the prior art, and provide an auxiliary support structure suitable for inclined and suspended thin-walled structures, which is aimed at inclined and suspended thin-walled structures with a wall thickness of less than 3.5mm and an angle greater than 45° with the horizontal plane It adopts an integral support structure combined with solid support and grid support to provide sufficient strength and rigidity, which can not only suppress the defects such as warping deformation and interlayer misalignment of the forming layer in the inclined and suspended thin-walled structure, but also avoid the overall The large amount of processing caused by the grid support and the overall solid support and the accuracy of the surface cannot be guaranteed.
本发明的上述目的通过以下方案实现：Above-mentioned purpose of the present invention is achieved through the following scheme:
一种适用于倾斜悬垂薄壁结构的辅助支撑结构，用于在倾斜悬垂薄壁结构与基板间形成支撑，所述倾斜悬垂薄壁结构与基板间的倾角大于45度，其下端面与基板间存在一定距离且厚度小于3.5mm；该辅助支撑结构包括网格支撑部分和实体支撑部分，其中：所述网格支撑部分的上端面支撑在倾斜悬垂薄壁结构下端面上，所述网格支撑部分的下端面支撑在成形基板上，即在倾斜悬垂薄壁结构的悬垂端与基板间形成支撑；所述实体支撑部分的上端支撑在倾斜悬垂薄壁结构背面，下端支撑在成形基板上；所述网格支撑部分和实体支撑部分固连。An auxiliary support structure suitable for inclined and suspended thin-walled structures, used to form a support between the inclined and suspended thin-walled structures and the substrate, the inclination angle between the inclined and suspended thin-walled structures and the substrate is greater than 45 degrees, and the distance between the lower end surface and the substrate There is a certain distance and the thickness is less than 3.5mm; the auxiliary support structure includes a grid support part and a solid support part, wherein: the upper end surface of the grid support part is supported on the lower end surface of the inclined hanging thin-walled structure, and the grid support The lower end surface of the part is supported on the shaped substrate, that is, a support is formed between the hanging end of the inclined and suspended thin-walled structure and the substrate; the upper end of the solid support part is supported on the back of the inclined and suspended thin-walled structure, and the lower end is supported on the formed substrate; The grid support part and the solid support part are fixedly connected.
上述的适用于倾斜悬垂薄壁结构的辅助支撑结构，实体支撑部分包括两个实体支撑薄片，分别在倾斜悬垂薄壁结构背面的左右两端形成支撑；其中，所述实体支撑薄片的厚度B1为1mm～3mm；且每个所述实体支撑薄片在成形基板上的形成的支撑边长度L1为5mm～20mm。The above-mentioned auxiliary support structure suitable for inclined and suspended thin-walled structures, the solid support part includes two solid support sheets, respectively forming supports at the left and right ends of the back of the inclined and suspended thin-walled structure; wherein, the thickness B1 of the solid support sheets is 1mm-3mm; and the length L1 of the supporting edge formed by each of the solid supporting sheets on the shaped substrate is 5mm-20mm.
上述的适用于倾斜悬垂薄壁结构的辅助支撑结构，实体支撑部分包括三个实体支撑薄片，分别在倾斜悬垂薄壁结构背面的左右两端和中部形成支撑；其中，所述实体支撑薄片的厚度B1为1mm～3mm；且每个所述实体支撑薄片在成形基板上的形成的支撑边长度L1为5mm～20mm。The above-mentioned auxiliary support structure suitable for inclined and suspended thin-walled structures, the solid support part includes three solid supporting sheets, which respectively form supports at the left and right ends and the middle part of the back of the inclined and suspended thin-walled structure; wherein, the thickness of the solid supporting sheets B1 is 1 mm to 3 mm; and the length L1 of the supporting edge formed on each of the solid supporting sheets on the shaped substrate is 5 mm to 20 mm.
上述的适用于倾斜悬垂薄壁结构的辅助支撑结构，网格支撑部分包括N个网格辅助支撑柱，所述网格辅助支撑柱为空心网格构成的柱体，且所述柱体的横截面为正方形或长方形；所述柱体的上端面支撑在倾斜悬垂薄壁结构下端面上，且所述柱体的下端面支撑在成形基板上；N为正整数。The above-mentioned auxiliary support structure suitable for inclined and suspended thin-walled structures, the grid support part includes N grid auxiliary support columns, and the grid auxiliary support columns are cylinders composed of hollow grids, and the transverse width of the cylinders is The cross-section is square or rectangular; the upper end surface of the column is supported on the lower end surface of the inclined and suspended thin-walled structure, and the lower end surface of the column is supported on the shaped substrate; N is a positive integer.
上述的适用于倾斜悬垂薄壁结构的辅助支撑结构，每个网格辅助支撑柱与成形基板的接触面为正方形或长方形，且所述正方形或长方形的边长为 5mm～15mm；相邻网格辅助支撑柱之间的间距为0.5mm～2.5mm。For the above-mentioned auxiliary support structure suitable for inclined and suspended thin-walled structures, the contact surface between each grid auxiliary support column and the forming substrate is a square or a rectangle, and the side length of the square or rectangle is 5 mm to 15 mm; adjacent grids The spacing between the auxiliary support columns is 0.5mm-2.5mm.
上述的适用于倾斜悬垂薄壁结构的辅助支撑结构，网格辅助支撑柱由两类空心网格构成，其中：第一类空心网格为立方体或长方体网格，第二类网格为梯形网格，即所述梯形网格的横截面为正方形且纵截面为梯形；其中，与倾斜悬垂薄壁结构下端面接触的空心网格为第二类网格。The above-mentioned auxiliary support structure suitable for inclined and suspended thin-walled structures, the grid auxiliary support column is composed of two types of hollow grids, wherein: the first type of hollow grid is a cube or cuboid grid, and the second type of grid is a trapezoidal grid Grid, that is, the cross section of the trapezoidal grid is square and the vertical section is trapezoidal; wherein, the hollow grid in contact with the lower end surface of the oblique and overhanging thin-walled structure is the second type of grid.
上述的适用于倾斜悬垂薄壁结构的辅助支撑结构，第一类空心网格的边长为0.5mm～5mm；第二类空心网格的纵截面为梯形，所述梯形的上底d1为 0.3mm～2.5mm、下底d2为0.5mm～5mm、高度h为0.5mm～5mm。For the aforementioned auxiliary support structure suitable for inclined and suspended thin-walled structures, the side length of the first type of hollow grid is 0.5 mm to 5 mm; the longitudinal section of the second type of hollow grid is trapezoidal, and the upper base d1 of the trapezoid is 0.3 mm to 2.5mm, the lower bottom d2 is 0.5mm to 5mm, and the height h is 0.5mm to 5mm.
上述的适用于倾斜悬垂薄壁结构的辅助支撑结构，网格辅助支撑柱与倾斜悬垂薄壁结构下端面的接触面上的梯形网格呈离散分布状态，且各相邻梯形网格的间距Δd为0.2～2mm。The above-mentioned auxiliary support structure suitable for inclined and suspended thin-walled structures, the trapezoidal grids on the contact surface between the grid auxiliary support columns and the lower end surface of the inclined and suspended thin-walled structures are in a discrete distribution state, and the distance between adjacent trapezoidal grids Δd 0.2-2mm.
上述的适用于倾斜悬垂薄壁结构的辅助支撑结构，在空心网格中，沿X轴、 Y轴方向分布的网格线与设定的铺粉方向夹角为45°或135°；其中X轴、Y 轴所在平面与基板平面平行。The above-mentioned auxiliary support structure suitable for inclined and suspended thin-walled structures, in the hollow grid, the angle between the grid lines distributed along the X-axis and Y-axis direction and the set powder spreading direction is 45° or 135°; where X The plane where the axis and Y axis are located is parallel to the plane of the substrate.
上述的适用于倾斜悬垂薄壁结构的辅助支撑结构，网格支撑部分的上端嵌入在倾斜悬垂薄壁结构的下端面内；网格支撑部分的下端嵌入在成形基板内；网格支撑部分上端和下端的嵌入深度均为0.04mm～0.2mm。The above-mentioned auxiliary support structure suitable for inclined and suspended thin-walled structures, the upper end of the grid support part is embedded in the lower end surface of the inclined and suspended thin-walled structure; the lower end of the grid support part is embedded in the forming substrate; the upper end of the grid support part and the The embedding depth of the lower end is 0.04mm-0.2mm.
本发明与现有技术相比，具有以下优点：Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following advantages:
(1)、本发明在倾斜悬垂薄壁背面采用薄片式实体支撑，可以避免厚度小于3.5mm的较薄网格支撑部分由于强度和刚度不够发生“拉裂”及“蹭断”等，进而避免悬垂薄壁结构下端悬垂部分的左右两端发生翘曲变形等缺陷，而且不会引入较大的残余应力，成形及后处理过程可有效保证薄壁结构型面精度；(1), the present invention adopts sheet-type solid support on the back of the inclined and suspended thin wall, which can avoid "cracking" and "breaking" due to insufficient strength and rigidity of the thinner grid support part with a thickness less than 3.5mm, thereby avoiding Defects such as warping and deformation occur at the left and right ends of the overhanging part of the lower end of the overhanging thin-walled structure, and no large residual stress will be introduced. The forming and post-processing process can effectively ensure the surface accuracy of the thin-walled structure;
(2)、本发明采用实体支撑与网格支撑固连结合的整体式支撑结构，可为网格支撑部分提供显著优于整体网格支撑的强度和刚度，保证其成形过程中不被轻易“拉裂”及蹭断等，进而可避免薄壁悬垂部位发生“塌陷”导致成形层层间错位甚至成形失败等问题，有效保证薄壁悬垂部位成形型面精度；(2) The present invention adopts an integral support structure combining solid support and grid support, which can provide the grid support part with significantly better strength and rigidity than the overall grid support, ensuring that it will not be easily "squeezed" during the forming process "cracking" and scratching, etc., which can avoid problems such as "collapse" of the thin-walled overhanging parts that lead to interlayer misalignment or even forming failure, and effectively ensure the forming surface accuracy of the thin-walled overhanging parts;
(3)本发明采用薄片式实体支撑与网格支撑固连结合的整体式支撑结构，支撑整体强度及刚性显著优于整体网格支撑，可有效避免网格支撑“拉裂”及“蹭断”等问题，且支撑去除难度及工作量、成形及后处理周期、生产成本等与整体网格支撑一致，较整体实体支撑均大幅减少或降低。(3) The present invention adopts an integral support structure in which sheet-type solid support and grid support are fixedly connected. The overall strength and rigidity of the support are significantly better than the overall grid support, which can effectively avoid "cracking" and "breaking" of the grid support ” and other problems, and the support removal difficulty and workload, forming and post-processing cycle, production costs, etc. are consistent with the overall grid support, which are greatly reduced or lower than the overall physical support.
附图说明Description of drawings
图1a为本发明“U形结构”的适用于倾斜悬垂薄壁结构的辅助支撑结构示意图；Figure 1a is a schematic diagram of an auxiliary support structure suitable for an inclined and suspended thin-walled structure of the "U-shaped structure" of the present invention;
图1b为本发明“U形结构”的适用于倾斜悬垂薄壁结构的辅助支撑结构在成形基板上的接触面示意图；Fig. 1b is a schematic diagram of the contact surface of the auxiliary support structure suitable for the inclined and suspended thin-walled structure of the "U-shaped structure" of the present invention on the shaped substrate;
图2a为本发明“山字形结构”的适用于倾斜悬垂薄壁结构的辅助支撑结构示意图；Fig. 2a is a schematic diagram of an auxiliary support structure suitable for inclined and suspended thin-walled structures of the "mountain-shaped structure" of the present invention;
图2b为本发明“山字形结构”的适用于倾斜悬垂薄壁结构的辅助支撑结构在成形基板上的接触面示意图；Fig. 2b is a schematic diagram of the contact surface of the auxiliary support structure suitable for the inclined and suspended thin-walled structure of the "mountain-shaped structure" of the present invention on the shaped substrate;
图3a为本发明中网格辅助支撑柱在成形基板上形成的接触面示意图，其中每个网格辅助支撑柱与成形基板的接触面为正方形；Fig. 3a is a schematic diagram of the contact surface formed by the grid auxiliary support columns on the forming substrate in the present invention, wherein the contact surface of each grid auxiliary support column and the forming substrate is a square;
图3b为本发明中网格辅助支撑柱在成形基板上形成的接触面示意图，其中每个网格辅助支撑柱与成形基板的接触面为长方形；Fig. 3b is a schematic diagram of the contact surface formed by the grid auxiliary support columns on the forming substrate in the present invention, wherein the contact surface of each grid auxiliary support column and the forming substrate is rectangular;
图4为本发明中第二类空心网格的结构示意图。Fig. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of the second type of hollow grid in the present invention.
具体实施方式Detailed ways
下面结合附图和具体实例对本发明作进一步详细的描述：Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing and specific example the present invention is described in further detail:
本发明公开了一种适用于倾斜悬垂薄壁结构的辅助支撑结构，用于在激光选区熔化增材制造过程中，将倾斜悬垂薄壁结构支撑在基板上。这种倾斜悬垂薄壁结构可能是产品零件、法兰安装面等，总体而言这种倾斜悬垂薄壁结构与基板间的倾角大于45度，其下端面与基板间存在一定距离且厚度小于3.5mm。The invention discloses an auxiliary supporting structure suitable for an oblique and overhanging thin-walled structure, which is used for supporting the oblique overhanging thin-walled structure on a substrate during laser selective melting additive manufacturing. This oblique and overhanging thin-walled structure may be product parts, flange mounting surfaces, etc. Generally speaking, the inclination angle between this oblique and overhanging thin-walled structure and the substrate is greater than 45 degrees, and there is a certain distance between the lower end surface and the substrate and the thickness is less than 3.5 degrees. mm.
如图1a、1b、2a、2b所示，本发明的适用于倾斜悬垂薄壁结构的辅助支撑结构包括网格支撑部分和实体支撑部分，图中：1为倾斜悬垂薄壁结构；21、 22、23分别为实体支撑部分的实体支撑薄片；3为网格支撑部分。As shown in Figures 1a, 1b, 2a, and 2b, the auxiliary support structure suitable for inclined and suspended thin-walled structures of the present invention includes a grid support part and a solid support part, among the figures: 1 is an inclined and suspended thin-walled structure; 21, 22 , 23 are the solid support sheet of the solid support part; 3 is the grid support part.
其中，图1a和1b中实体支撑部分和网格支撑部分构成“U形结构”，而图2a和2b中实体支撑部分和网格支撑部分构成“山字形结构”，这两种实体支撑和网格支撑固连结合的方案，可以实现对倾斜悬垂薄壁结构的支撑，避免成形过程中该结构出现翘曲变形和成形层层间错位等缺陷。Among them, the solid support part and grid support part in Figure 1a and 1b form a "U-shaped structure", while the solid support part and grid support part in Figure 2a and 2b form a "mountain-shaped structure". The combination of grid support and fixed connection can realize the support for the inclined and overhanging thin-walled structure, and avoid defects such as warping deformation and interlayer misalignment of the forming layer during the forming process.
(一)、网格支撑部分(1), grid support part
在本发明中，在倾斜悬垂薄壁结构的悬垂端面和成形基板之间采用网格支撑方案，即将网格支撑部分的上端面支撑在倾斜悬垂薄壁结构下端面上，并将该网格支撑部分的下端面支撑在成形基板上，从而在倾斜悬垂薄壁结构悬垂端与基板间形成支撑。In the present invention, a grid support scheme is adopted between the hanging end face of the obliquely hanging thin-walled structure and the forming substrate, that is, the upper end face of the grid supporting part is supported on the lower end face of the obliquely hanging thin-walled structure, and the grid is supported The lower end surface of the part is supported on the shaped substrate, so that a support is formed between the hanging end of the obliquely suspended thin-walled structure and the substrate.
本发明的网格支撑部分由N个网格辅助支撑柱组成。其中，各网格辅助支撑柱为空心网格构成的柱体，该柱体的横截面为正方形或长方形，每个柱体的上端面支撑在倾斜悬垂薄壁结构下端面上，且其下端面支撑在成形基板上；N 为正整数。The grid support part of the present invention is composed of N grid auxiliary support columns. Among them, each grid auxiliary support column is a column composed of hollow grids. The cross section of the column is square or rectangular. Supported on a shaped substrate; N is a positive integer.
如图3a、3b所示，为了确保网格支撑部分的支撑可靠性，各网格辅助支撑柱在成形基板上的支撑边长L或B设定为5mm～15mm，即每个网格辅助支撑柱与成形基板的接触面为正方形或长方形，且所述正方形或长方形的边长为 5mm～15mm，其中：图3a中每个网格辅助支撑柱与成形基板的接触面为正方形，且正方形的边长为B；图3b中每个网格辅助支撑柱与成形基板的接触面为长方形，该长方形的长度和宽度分别为L和B。为了便于对该网格辅助支撑柱进行拆除，本发明在网格辅助支撑柱之间留有间隙，其中相邻网格辅助支撑柱之间的间距Δb设定为0.5mm～2.5mm。As shown in Figures 3a and 3b, in order to ensure the support reliability of the grid support part, the length L or B of the support side of each grid auxiliary support column on the forming substrate is set to 5 mm to 15 mm, that is, each grid auxiliary support The contact surface between the column and the shaped substrate is a square or a rectangle, and the side length of the square or rectangle is 5 mm to 15 mm, wherein: in Figure 3a, the contact surface of each grid auxiliary support column and the shaped substrate is a square, and the square The side length is B; in FIG. 3 b , the contact surface between each grid auxiliary support column and the forming substrate is a rectangle, and the length and width of the rectangle are L and B, respectively. In order to facilitate the removal of the grid auxiliary support columns, the present invention leaves gaps between the grid auxiliary support columns, wherein the distance Δb between adjacent grid auxiliary support columns is set at 0.5 mm to 2.5 mm.
上述的网格辅助支撑柱由两类空心网格构成，其中：第一类空心网格为立方体或长方体网格，第二类网格为梯形网格，即所述梯形网格的横截面为正方形且纵截面为梯形。其中，与倾斜悬垂薄壁结构下端面接触的空心网格为第二类网格，这种形式的网格确保网格支撑部分与倾斜悬垂薄壁结构下端面的接触不连续，便于后续该支撑部分进行去除。而其他网格采用第一类网格。为了确保网络支撑的可靠性，本发明中第一类空心网格的边长b设定为0.5mm～5mm；第二类空心网格的纵截面为梯形，如图4所示，所述梯形上底d1为0.3mm～2.5mm、下底d2为0.5mm～5mm、高度h为0.5mm～5mm。The above-mentioned grid auxiliary support column is composed of two types of hollow grids, wherein: the first type of hollow grid is a cube or cuboid grid, and the second type of grid is a trapezoidal grid, that is, the cross section of the trapezoidal grid is Square and trapezoidal in longitudinal section. Among them, the hollow grid in contact with the lower end surface of the inclined and suspended thin-walled structure is the second type of grid. This form of grid ensures that the contact between the grid support part and the lower end surface of the inclined and suspended thin-walled structure is discontinuous, which is convenient for the subsequent support. Partially removed. The other grids use the first type of grid. In order to ensure the reliability of network support, the side length b of the first type of hollow grid is set to 0.5mm～5mm in the present invention; the longitudinal section of the second type of hollow grid is trapezoidal, as shown in Figure 4, the trapezoid The upper bottom d1 is 0.3 mm to 2.5 mm, the lower bottom d2 is 0.5 mm to 5 mm, and the height h is 0.5 mm to 5 mm.
另外，如图4所示，为了进一步提高网格支撑部分的可拆除性，本发明进一步对网格支撑部分与倾斜悬垂薄壁结构的接触面进行离散化，即本发明中的网格辅助支撑柱与倾斜悬垂薄壁结构下端面的接触面上的梯形网格呈离散分布状态，且各相邻梯形网格的间距Δd为0.2～2mm。In addition, as shown in Figure 4, in order to further improve the detachability of the grid support part, the present invention further discretizes the contact surface between the grid support part and the inclined hanging thin-walled structure, that is, the grid auxiliary support in the present invention The trapezoidal grids on the contact surface between the column and the lower end surface of the oblique and overhanging thin-walled structure are in a discrete distribution state, and the distance Δd between adjacent trapezoidal grids is 0.2-2 mm.
考虑到成形制造过程中铺粉对网格造成的刮蹭作用，本发明对空心网格的方向进行了如下限定：如图1b和2b所示，沿X轴、Y轴方向分布的网格线与设定的铺粉方向夹角为45°或135°，其中，铺粉方向垂直于网格支撑部分外表面；其中X轴、Y轴所在平面与基板平面平行，这样可以尽量减少铺粉过程中的对网格的刮蹭，确保支撑的可靠性。Considering the scraping effect caused by powder spreading on the grid during the forming manufacturing process, the present invention defines the direction of the hollow grid as follows: as shown in Figures 1b and 2b, the grid lines distributed along the X-axis and Y-axis directions The included angle with the set powder spreading direction is 45° or 135°, wherein the powder spreading direction is perpendicular to the outer surface of the grid support part; the plane where the X-axis and Y-axis are located is parallel to the substrate plane, which can minimize the powder spreading process The scraping of the grid ensures the reliability of the support.
此外，为了进一步加强网格支撑部分的支撑可靠性，可以将网格支撑部分的上端嵌入在倾斜悬垂薄壁结构的下端面内，并将网格支撑部分的下端嵌入在成形基板内；其嵌入深度设定为0.04mm～0.2mm，这样可以提升辅助支撑部分与倾斜悬垂薄壁结构和基板的结合强度，从而有效确保支撑可靠成形。In addition, in order to further enhance the support reliability of the grid support part, the upper end of the grid support part can be embedded in the lower end surface of the inclined hanging thin-walled structure, and the lower end of the grid support part can be embedded in the shaped substrate; The depth is set at 0.04mm to 0.2mm, which can improve the bonding strength between the auxiliary support part and the oblique and overhanging thin-walled structure and the substrate, thereby effectively ensuring the reliable formation of the support.
(二)、实体支撑部分(2) Physical support part
在本发明中，实体支撑部分包括两个或三个实体支撑薄片，其中，如图1b 和图2b所示，该实体支撑薄片的厚度B1为1mm～3mm；且每个所述实体支撑薄片在成形基板上的形成的支撑边长度L1为5mm～20mm。In the present invention, the solid support part includes two or three solid support sheets, wherein, as shown in Figure 1b and Figure 2b, the thickness B1 of the solid support sheet is 1 mm to 3 mm; and each of the solid support sheets is The length L1 of the supporting side formed on the molding substrate is 5 mm to 20 mm.
如图1a和图1b所示，如果采用两个实体支撑薄片，与网格支撑部分构成“U形结构”，其中将这两个实体支撑薄片分别支撑在倾斜悬垂薄壁结构背面的左右两端，从而在悬垂薄壁结构背面与成形基板间形成有效支撑，防止厚度小于3.5mm的较薄网格支撑部分由于强度和刚度不够发生“拉裂”及蹭断等，进而引起悬垂薄壁结构下端悬垂部分的左右两端发生翘曲变形。As shown in Figure 1a and Figure 1b, if two solid support sheets are used to form a "U-shaped structure" with the grid support part, the two solid support sheets are respectively supported on the left and right ends of the back of the inclined and suspended thin-walled structure , so as to form an effective support between the back of the overhanging thin-walled structure and the forming substrate, preventing the thinner grid support part with a thickness of less than 3.5mm from "cracking" and breaking due to insufficient strength and rigidity, thereby causing the lower end of the overhanging thin-walled structure The left and right ends of the overhanging part are warped.
如图2a和图2b所示，如果采用三个实体支撑薄片，与网格支撑部分构成“山字形结构”，其中将这三个实体支撑薄片分别支撑在倾斜悬垂薄壁结构背面的左右两端和中间部分，从而在悬垂薄壁结构背面与成形基板间形成有效支撑，防止厚度小于3.5mm的较薄网格支撑部分由于强度和刚度不够发生“拉裂”及蹭断等，进而引起悬垂薄壁结构下端悬垂部分的左右两端发生翘曲变形。As shown in Figure 2a and Figure 2b, if three solid support sheets are used to form a "mountain-shaped structure" with the grid support part, the three solid support sheets are respectively supported on the left and right ends of the back of the inclined and suspended thin-walled structure And the middle part, so as to form an effective support between the back of the overhanging thin-walled structure and the forming substrate, and prevent the thinner mesh support part with a thickness of less than 3.5mm from "cracking" and breaking due to insufficient strength and rigidity, which will cause overhanging thin The left and right ends of the hanging part at the lower end of the wall structure are warped and deformed.
以上所述，仅为本发明一个具体实施方式，但本发明的保护范围并不局限于此，任何熟悉本技术领域的技术人员在本发明揭露的技术范围内，可轻易想到的变化或替换，都应涵盖在本发明的保护范围之内。The above is only a specific embodiment of the present invention, but the scope of protection of the present invention is not limited thereto. Any person skilled in the art can easily think of changes or substitutions within the technical scope disclosed in the present invention. All should be covered within the protection scope of the present invention.
本发明说明书中未作详细描述的内容属于本领域专业技术人员的公知技术。The content that is not described in detail in the specification of the present invention belongs to the well-known technology of those skilled in the art.
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