CN106465695A - A kind of enhanced ecological base and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
A kind of enhanced ecological base and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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Classifications
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01K—ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; AVICULTURE; APICULTURE; PISCICULTURE; FISHING; REARING OR BREEDING ANIMALS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NEW BREEDS OF ANIMALS
- A01K63/00—Receptacles for live fish, e.g. aquaria; Terraria
- A01K63/04—Arrangements for treating water specially adapted to receptacles for live fish
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F3/00—Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F3/34—Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage characterised by the microorganisms used
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F2305/00—Use of specific compounds during water treatment
- C02F2305/06—Nutrients for stimulating the growth of microorganisms
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
- Y02W10/00—Technologies for wastewater treatment
- Y02W10/30—Wastewater or sewage treatment systems using renewable energies
- Y02W10/37—Wastewater or sewage treatment systems using renewable energies using solar energy
Landscapes
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Microbiology (AREA)
- Micro-Organisms Or Cultivation Processes Thereof (AREA)
- Biodiversity & Conservation Biology (AREA)
- Environmental Sciences (AREA)
- Hydrology & Water Resources (AREA)
- Animal Husbandry (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- Water Supply & Treatment (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Marine Sciences & Fisheries (AREA)
Abstract
The present invention relates to a kind of ecological matrix, a kind of specifically related to enhanced ecological matrix of property processing and preparation method thereof, ecological matrix is processed using the solution comprising carbon source and/or microorganism formulation solution, obtain after drying, the described carbon source solution that comprises is the solution being substantially free of nitrogen source, and described microorganism formulation is the preparation obtaining after one or more of bacillus cereuss, photosynthetic bacteria, lactic acid bacteria ferment.The enhanced ecological base preparation cost of the present invention is low, method is simple to operate and easy realization, and the enhanced ecological base preparing, it is experimentally verified that, notable shortening biofilm time, repairing effect of increasing water quality, the speed of growth improving Fish and the incidence rate reducing disease, there is very big economic worth and practical function, greatly improve the water treatment efficiency of existing ecological matrix using simple and cheap method.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to an ecological base, in particular to a treated ecological base with enhanced properties and a preparation method thereof.
Background
The aquaculture industry uses the aquaculture technology and facilities to culture aquatic economic animals and plants according to the ecological habits of the cultured objects and the requirements on the environmental conditions of the water areas by utilizing the water areas available for culture (including planting) by human beings.
China is one of the longest countries in the world engaged in aquaculture, and the aquaculture experience is rich and the aquaculture technology is popularized. The total yield of Chinese aquatic products is 6699.65 ten thousand tons in 2016, which is 3.69% higher than that in the last year. Wherein, the culture yield is 4937.90 ten thousand tons, which accounts for 73.70 percent of the total yield and is increased by 3.99 percent on the same scale. The aquaculture industry plays an increasingly important role in national economy, especially in agricultural economy development in China.
The aquatic product is an important source of human high-quality protein, is rich in high-quality protein, amino acid, vitamins, mineral substances and the like, and the quantity and the proportion of the aquatic product meet the requirements of a human body, particularly contain leucine and lysine with larger human body demand. The content of connective tissues in the aquatic products is far less than that of livestock meat, the fish muscle fibers are shorter, the protein tissues are loose, the water content is high, and the aquatic products are easily digested and absorbed by human bodies. Therefore, as the income level of people is improved, more and more Chinese people begin to take the nutritional requirements as the first requirement of food consumption, and the consumption proportion of aquatic products is increased greatly.
With the rapid development of the aquaculture industry in China, the total amount of aquaculture is continuously the first in the world for many years. At the same time, aquaculture has been shifted through the traditional low-density, extensive, low-input and low-output modes to high-density, intensive, high-input and high-output modes. Aquaculture also brings non-negligible environmental problems while providing a large number of high-quality protein sources for people and creating great economic value. Particularly, the frequent red tide outbreak of the near-shore water body caused by the large discharge of the aquaculture wastewater seriously influences the balance and stability of the offshore ecosystem and also restricts the healthy and sustainable development of the aquaculture industry.
An aquaculture system belongs to a eutrophic water ecological system, and the aquaculture water body is rich in various soluble nutrient substances and organic suspended matters due to the generation and decomposition of residual baits and excrement of fishes and shrimps. Because the ecological system of the aquaculture water has a single structure, the material circulation and energy flow of residual baits, fish and shrimp excreta in the aquaculture system become an accumulative small circulation, the water body rapidly develops towards the direction of eutrophication, decomposers and producers in the water body are changed to adapt to the types in the polluted environment, the biodiversity is reduced, and the living environment of the cultured animals is threatened. If a large amount of culture wastewater rich in nutrient salts is discharged, eutrophication of surface water bodies can be caused, and when the eutrophicated water bodies have proper biological, hydrological and meteorological conditions, red tide or water bloom can be generated to cause water body pollution. Therefore, the improvement of the eutrophication state of the aquaculture water body becomes a key problem for realizing healthy aquaculture.
The ecological base technology is a water quality purification treatment technology developed based on the biological diversity theory. The ecological base technology is just based on the principle of biodiversity, and bacteria, fungi, algae, protozoa, metazoan and the like in the water body are gathered to form a complex and stable microecological system in the water body. Once the ecological base is put into a culture water body system, microorganisms, phytoplankton, protozoa and the like can be attached to the surface of the carrier, the number of attached organisms is increased continuously, the organisms decompose organic matters in water through metabolism of the organisms, the organisms (such as the microorganisms) growing on the ecological base can absorb rich nutrient components in the water body, such as nitrogen, phosphorus, sulfur, carbon and other substances, enrich the rich nutrient components, and convert the rich nutrient components into carbon dioxide, water, nitrogen and the like through different biological metabolism effects, so that the culture water body environment is purified, and the effect of adjusting the water quality is achieved.
However, in practical applications, the ecological base has the following obvious disadvantages:
(1) the biofilm formation starting time is long, and the natural biofilm formation maturation of the ecological base in the culture system usually needs 30 to 40 days or even longer, which becomes a restriction link of the application of the ecological base in the main culture system;
(2) the water treatment efficiency in the starting stage is low, the abundance of attached microorganisms in the early stage of putting the ecological base into a water body is insufficient, the time process is required for attaching the microorganisms to the ecological base, the water quality regulation effect cannot be immediately realized, and the operation effect of the ecological base is directly influenced;
(3) the removal rate of the pollutants is slowly improved, and like the reasons mentioned above, the ecological base is slowly hung on the membrane and the abundance of the microorganisms is insufficient in the early stage of being put into the water body, the removal effect of the pollutants is poor in the early stage, and the improvement effect is slow as time goes on although the removal effect of the pollutants is improved.
In order to improve the water quality self-regulation and control capability of the culture system, the ecological base needs to be further optimized and treated so as to improve the use effect of the ecological base.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the defects, the invention provides the strengthened ecological base with short film forming time and high water quality restoration effect and the preparation method thereof.
In a first aspect, the invention provides an enhanced ecological base, wherein the enhanced ecological base is obtained by treating an ecological base with a solution containing a carbon source and/or a microbial preparation solution, and drying the ecological base, the solution containing the carbon source is a solution substantially free of a nitrogen source, and the microbial preparation is a preparation obtained by fermenting one or more of bacillus, photosynthetic bacteria and lactic acid bacteria.
In a second aspect, the present invention provides an enhanced ecological base prepared by the method of the present invention.
In a third aspect, the present invention provides a method of using an enhanced ecological base in a body of aquaculture water.
In a fourth aspect, the present invention provides the use of an enhanced ecobase in water treatment.
The film-forming maturation time of the enhanced ecological base in the culture water body is shortened by 30-50%, the water quality restoration efficiency is improved by 10-20%, the growth speed of fishes is improved by more than 10%, and the disease incidence is reduced by more than 20%.
The reinforced ecological base has low preparation cost, the method is simple to operate and easy to realize, and the prepared reinforced ecological base is proved by experiments to obviously shorten the film forming time, improve the water quality restoration effect, improve the growth speed of fishes and reduce the occurrence rate of diseases, thereby having great economic value and practical effect, and greatly improving the water treatment effect of the existing ecological base by adopting a simple and cheap method.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be further specifically described below.
Researchers find that although the existing ecological base shows a certain effect in water treatment, the defects of long film forming time, low water treatment effect in the starting stage and slow pollutant removal rate improvement caused by the inherent characteristics greatly hinder the rapid development of the ecological base and the use of the ecological base, and the researchers who aim at solving the above restriction factors of the ecological base find that the performance improvement of the ecological base is a very complicated work, and the difficulty degree and the cost of operation are all factors which restrict the preparation of the reinforced ecological base. Although the prior art is eagerly making breakthrough in terms of ecological base performance, or even partial research is centered on how to quickly form a film in the use process of the ecological base, on one hand, the improvement effect in the use process is not obvious, on the other hand, the quick film forming method in the use process is not easy to popularize and unify, and the effect deviation is large due to the influence of the environment and personnel of operation.
The researchers of the invention have found that the environment with high nitrogen (N) and low carbon (C) in the culture environment may indicate that nutrient substances (particularly carbon) in the culture water environment and on the ecological base are lack, so that the nutrient substances cannot supply electron donors for microbial growth and denitrification (nitrite and nitrate are converted into N2, so that N in the water body is released into the atmosphere), and the effect of the ecological base is influenced. This is because most of C introduced into the cultivation system is metabolized by microorganisms to form CO2Is released from the pond environment, and N is only a small amount of N under anaerobic conditions2、N2O is released, most of N is left in the aquaculture water body in the form of inorganic nitrogen, and the C/N ratio of the aquaculture environment system is low.
Further research shows that the carbon source and the bacteria preparation rich in nutrient substances have certain promotion effects on accelerating the biofilm formation and improving the denitrification and denitrification effects, and both can provide certain carbon source for supplying growth requirements of ecological base attached microorganisms and can also supply electron donors for denitrification of the microorganisms to complete the denitrification and denitrification process of sewage treatment.
1. Reinforced ecological base preparation method
Based on the research, the invention provides a method for preparing an enhanced ecological base, which comprises the steps of treating the ecological base by using a solution containing a carbon source and/or a microbial preparation solution, drying to obtain the enhanced ecological base, wherein the solution containing the carbon source is a solution basically containing no nitrogen source, and the microbial preparation is a preparation obtained by fermenting one or more of bacillus, photosynthetic bacteria and lactic acid bacteria.
The enhanced ecological base of the present invention may include an ecological base treated with a solution containing a carbon source, or an ecological base treated with a microbial preparation solution, or the like.
In a preferred embodiment, the solution comprising a carbon source is a solution comprising one or more of a carbohydrate carbon source or a biomass carbon source.
Specifically, the solution containing the carbon source may be a solution of a mixture of one or more of the carbohydrate carbon sources, a solution of a mixture of one or more of the biomass carbon sources, and a solution of a mixture of one or more carbon sources selected from the carbohydrate carbon sources and one or more carbon sources selected from the biomass carbon sources.
In a preferred embodiment, the carbohydrate carbon source is selected from the group consisting of sucrose, glucose, starch, and mixtures of one or more thereof.
In a preferred embodiment, the biomass carbon source is selected from a mixture of one or more of cellobiose, mannose, xylan, galactose.
In a preferred embodiment, the solution comprising a carbon source is a solution comprising essentially only a carbon source.
In a preferred embodiment, the concentration of the solution containing the carbon source is in the range of 10mg/L to 40mg/L, and more preferably 20mg/L to 25 mg/L.
In a preferred embodiment, the carbon sources may each be independently selected from: sucrose; or a mixture of sucrose and starch (e.g. 3:1 by weight); or cellobiose; or a mixture of cellobiose and mannose (e.g. 1:1 weight ratio); or a mixture of sucrose and cellobiose (e.g., 1:2 by weight), and the like.
In a more preferred embodiment, the solution comprising the carbon source is a 20mg/L sucrose solution.
In a more preferred embodiment, the solution comprising the carbon source is a solution of a mixture of sucrose and starch at a concentration of 22.5mg/L, the weight ratio of sucrose to starch being 3: 1.
In a more preferred embodiment, the solution containing the carbon source is a cellobiose solution having a concentration of 10 mg/L.
In a more preferred embodiment, the solution containing the carbon source is a solution of a mixture of cellobiose and mannose at a concentration of 12.5mg/L, the weight ratio of cellobiose and mannose being 1: 1.
In a more preferred embodiment, the solution comprising the carbon source is a solution of a mixture of sucrose and cellobiose at a concentration of 13.5mg/L, the weight ratio of sucrose to cellobiose being 1: 2.
In another preferred embodiment, the microbial preparation solution is prepared by a method comprising: fermenting one or more of Bacillus, photosynthetic bacteria, and lactic acid bacteria in nutrient.
The microbial preparation solution of the present invention may be prepared by fermenting one or more of the above three kinds of bacteria in a nutrient at the same time, or may be prepared by separately fermenting one or more of the above three kinds of bacteria and mixing them.
In a more preferred embodiment, the fermentation temperature of the microbial preparation solution is 37 ℃. + -. 1 ℃.
In a more preferred aspectIn one embodiment of (a), a method of preparing a microbial preparation solution comprises: the stirring speed in the fermentation process is 150-250 rpm, and the ventilation volume is 1-2m3The pot pressure is 0.03-0.05 Mpa.
In a more preferred embodiment, the method of preparing the microbial preparation solution comprises: the fermentation time is 40-60 hours.
In a more preferred embodiment, the method of preparing the microbial preparation solution comprises: uniformly mixing the fermented bacillus preparation, the photosynthetic bacteria preparation and the lactobacillus preparation according to the volume ratio of 3:1:1 to prepare a microbial preparation solution.
In the microbial preparation of the invention, the fermented nutrient substances can be realized by using the mixture of common microbial growth energy substances (such as molasses, milk and urea) and trace elements.
In another preferred embodiment, the microbial preparation solution has a bacterial liquid concentration of 1 × 1010More than cfu/ml.
In a more preferred embodiment, the method of preparing the microbial preparation solution comprises: the fermentation can be carried out in a 50L-500L fermenter, the liquid content of which is about 60% (V/V).
In a preferred embodiment, the solution comprising the carbon source is an aqueous or viscous solution comprising the carbon source, such as an aqueous solution comprising the carbon source.
In a preferred embodiment, the microbial preparation solution is an aqueous or viscous solution of the microbial preparation, such as an aqueous microbial preparation solution.
In a preferred embodiment, treating the ecological base with the solution comprising a carbon source and/or the microbial preparation solution comprises soaking and/or spraying and/or misting the ecological base with the solution comprising a carbon source and/or the microbial preparation solution. For example, the ecological base is partially/preferably completely soaked in the solution for treatment (the solution comprising the carbon source and/or the microbial preparation solution) for more than 10 minutes; for another example, the solution for treatment (the solution containing the carbon source and/or the microbial preparation solution) is sprayed/misted from the top to the bottom or horizontally to treat the ecological base for more than half an hour, preferably the ecological base is completely soaked by the solution.
In a preferred embodiment, the drying is preferably performed without high temperature drying, and may be performed by a method preferably including air drying and/or air drying, so as not to impair the activity of the bacteria preparation attached to the ecological-based surface. For example, the solution-treated ecological base may be air-dried or air-dried in a natural state.
In a further preferred embodiment, a drying method for preparing an enhanced ecological base comprises exposing the ecological base treated with a liquid containing a carbon source to the sun for drying, or naturally drying in the shade and in the air.
In a further preferred embodiment, the drying method for preparing the enhanced ecological base comprises the step of drying the ecological base treated by the solution containing the microbial preparation at 40-55 ℃ or naturally drying the ecological base in the shade and the air.
In a further preferred embodiment, a method of preparing an enhanced ecological base by soaking an ecological base in a sucrose solution of 10mg/L to 40mg/L for more than 10 minutes and then drying.
In a further preferred embodiment, a method of preparing a fortified ecological base, selecting a bacillus subtilis preparation as the fortified single bacterial species, the bacillus subtilis preparation solution is prepared by: taking energy substances (molasses, milk, a small amount of urea and the like) and trace elements as bacillus subtilis nutrient substances, fermenting in a 50L or 500L fermentation tank, pouring 500mL of bacillus subtilis strain, controlling the temperature to be 37 +/-1 ℃, stirring at the rotating speed of 150-250 rmp, and ensuring the ventilation volume of sterile air to be 1-2m3The tank pressure is 0.03-0.05 Mpa, the bacterial liquid is obtained after natural fermentation is carried out for 40-60 h, and the bacterial liquid is diluted to 1 × 1010Obtaining Bacillus subtilis preparation solution above cfu/ml, and spraying the Bacillus subtilis preparation solutionAnd/or spraying onto the ecological base, preferably the ecological base is completely soaked by the solution, and the soaked ecological base is dried in an air drying mode.
In a further preferred embodiment, the method for preparing the enhanced ecological base selects three strains of bacillus, photosynthetic bacteria and lactic acid bacteria, and the microbial preparation solution is prepared by the following steps: taking energy substances (molasses, milk, a small amount of urea and the like) and trace elements as nutrient substances, then respectively pouring bacillus subtilis strains, photosynthetic bacteria strains and lactobacillus strains, controlling the temperature to be 37 +/-1 ℃, stirring at the rotating speed of 150-250 rmp, and ensuring the ventilation volume of sterile air to be 1-2m3The method comprises the steps of firstly, preparing a culture medium, fermenting the culture medium for 40-60 hours at a tank pressure of 0.03-0.05 Mpa, and then, respectively harvesting bacterial liquid after natural fermentation for 40-60 hours, uniformly mixing the fermented bacillus bacterial liquid, photosynthetic bacteria bacterial liquid and lactobacillus bacterial liquid according to a volume ratio of 3:1:1, and simultaneously diluting the composite bacterial liquid into 1 × 10 according to the concentration of the bacterial liquid10And (3) obtaining a microbial preparation solution above cfu/ml, spraying and/or misting the microbial preparation solution on an ecological base, wherein the ecological base is preferably soaked by the solution, the soaked ecological base needs to be dried in an air drying mode, the ecological base is not dried at high temperature and is not exposed to strong sunlight, and the ecological base is preferably dried naturally in a shady and ventilated place.
2. Reinforced ecological base
The ecological base is a novel biological carrier and can provide a growth habitat for microorganisms and algae in water. Once the ecological base is placed in water, various aquatic organisms in the water can be adsorbed to the surface of the ecological base immediately, and microorganisms and algae can be attached to the surface of the ecological base over time and play a key role in biological filtration and biological transformation of the eutrophic water body. The microorganisms attached to the ecological base are very abundant, and a complex ecosystem is mainly formed by bacteria, fungi, algae, protozoa, metazoans and the like. The microorganism system decomposes organic matters in water through metabolism of the microorganism system, and microorganisms growing on the ecological base can adsorb rich nutrient components in water, such as substances of nitrogen, phosphorus, sulfur, carbon and the like, enrich the rich nutrient components, and convert the rich nutrient components into carbon dioxide, water, nitrogen and the like through the action of different microorganisms, so that nutrient substances required by the growth of algae are captured, the breeding of the algae is inhibited, and the water quality is gradually improved.
The ecological base of the present invention may adopt any ecological base disclosed/known in the art at present, and may be, for example, a non-woven fabric body made of chemical fiber filaments and/or fiber ropes, or an elastic brush body composed of polypropylene and/or polyethylene.
The enhanced ecological base is treated by adopting the solution containing the carbon source and/or the microbial preparation solution, a large amount of carbon source and/or microbial nutrient substances are attached to the surface of the ecological base, the substances are used for helping the attachment of water body microbes and providing nutrient and energy substances for the water body microbes, the growth and the propagation of the microbes are accelerated, the eutrophication substances of the water body can be decomposed by the large amount of growth of the microbes, the water quality is further purified, a good environment is provided for the growth of fishes, and the quick growth of the fishes can be promoted.
3. Application method
The reinforced ecological base can be used in aquaculture water bodies/aquaculture systems and used for treatment of the aquaculture water bodies/aquaculture systems. For example, in the culture water bodies of herbivorous fishes (grass carps, crucian carps and the like), turtles (turtles and the like) and shrimps (prawns and the like), compared with the conventional ecological base, the ecological base can obviously shorten the film forming time, improve the water quality restoration efficiency, accelerate the growth speed of culture objects and reduce the incidence rate.
The enhanced ecological base of the invention can be transported/stored without affecting the effect thereof after being prepared. In use, the enhanced ecological base of the present invention is simple to use, the same/similar to conventional ecological base use methods, for example, in a preferred embodiment, the enhanced ecological base use comprises: the reinforced ecological base is placed in a water body, cola bottles or empty oil tanks are used as floats, the two ends of the ecological base are fixed on the two banks of a pond by nylon ropes, the distance between every two ecological bases is more than 2 meters, and the ecological bases are aligned at intervals to form a straight channel so as to reduce the obstruction to the swimming of fishes. 4. Use of
The invention provides an application of an enhanced ecological base in water treatment. In water treatment, the ecological base can be used for purifying water quality and improving the water quality, and particularly has great economic value in landscape water bodies or aquaculture water bodies. On the basis of keeping the effect/value of the common ecological base, the enhanced ecological base further shortens the film formation starting time, improves the water treatment effect in the starting stage, improves the pollutant removal speed, greatly improves the performance of the ecological base, and has outstanding contribution to the water quality treatment effect and the economic/social value.
Specifically, the reinforced ecological base can shorten the film hanging time by 30-50%.
Specifically, the enhanced ecological base can improve the water quality restoration efficiency by 10-20%.
Specifically, the enhanced ecological base can improve the growth speed of fishes by more than 10 percent, even more than 20 percent.
Specifically, the strengthened ecological base can reduce the disease incidence by more than 20 percent, even more than 25 percent.
Based on the performance improvement, the reinforced ecological base has wide application in the field of water treatment.
Based on the performance improvement, the reinforced ecological base has wide application in the aspect of treatment/purification of aquaculture water.
5. Interpretation of terms used in the present invention
As used herein, "bacterial suspension concentration" refers to the concentration of bacterial cells in a microbial preparation solution, and the unit cfu/ml refers to the total number of bacterial colonies contained in a microbial preparation solution per ml.
As used herein, "substantially free" of a substance/class of substances used before means containing no more than 10%, or no more than 5%, or no more than 2%, or no more than 1%, or no more than 0.1% of the substance/class of substances, or containing 0% of the substance/class of substances.
As used herein, the use of "substantially only comprises" before a substance/class of substances means that no less than 90%, or no less than 95%, or no less than 98%, or no less than 99%, or about 100% of the substance/class of substances is included.
As used herein, "water quality restoration efficiency" refers to the rate at which eutrophic substances such as nitrogen (N) and phosphorus (P) in a water body are degraded/purified when pollutants in the water body are treated with plants or microorganisms.
The invention is further illustrated by the following examples.
Examples
Example 1
Selecting non-woven fabrics woven by chemical fiber yarns as ecological base materials, cutting the non-woven fabrics into the size of 1m multiplied by 5m, and manufacturing the ecological base materials. Preparing sucrose into a sucrose aqueous solution according to the concentration of 20mg/L for later use, soaking the cut non-woven fabric ecological substrate in the sucrose solution for more than 10 minutes, and then fishing out and drying, wherein the drying method adopts a drying or insolation or air drying mode, and the temperature is controlled to be 40-55 ℃ during drying; insolation means insolation for one day under strong sunlight weather until drying; the air drying is carried out naturally in a shady and cool ventilation place, and the air drying time is determined according to the weather condition and is generally at least 2 days. And (4) the dried ecological base is the manufactured strengthened ecological base.
Example 2
Non-woven fabric woven by chemical fiber yarns as ecological foundationThe preparation method of the bacillus subtilis preparation solution comprises the steps of selecting a 50L fermentation tank as a fermentation container, taking energy substances (molasses, milk, a small amount of urea and the like) and trace elements as bacillus subtilis nutrient substances, filling liquid by about 60% (V/V), pouring 500mL of the bacillus subtilis preparation, controlling the temperature to be 37 +/-1 ℃, stirring at a rotating speed of 200rmp, and ensuring that the ventilation quantity of sterile air is 1.5m3The bacteria liquid can be obtained after the tank pressure is 0.03-0.05 Mpa and the natural fermentation is carried out for 40-60 h, and the bacteria liquid is diluted to 6 × 10 according to the concentration of the obtained bacteria liquid when in use10cfu/ml～6×1011The concentration of cfu/ml, the bacillus subtilis preparation solution is sprayed and/or misted on the ecological base, the ecological base is preferably soaked by the solution, the soaked ecological base needs to be dried in an air drying mode, the ecological base cannot be dried at high temperature or exposed to strong sunlight, and the bacillus subtilis preparation solution is preferably air-dried in a cool and ventilated place.
Example 3
Selecting bacillus, photosynthetic bacteria and lactobacillus strains, and preparing microbial preparation solution by selecting 3 sets of 50L fermentation tanks as fermentation containers, respectively fermenting and culturing the bacillus subtilis strains, the photosynthetic bacteria strains and the lactobacillus strains, wherein the 3 sets of fermentation tanks use energy substances (molasses, milk, a small amount of urea and the like) and trace elements as nutrient substances, the liquid filling amount is about 60% (V/V), then respectively pouring the bacillus subtilis strains, the photosynthetic bacteria strains and the lactobacillus strains 500mL, controlling the temperature to be 37 +/-1 ℃, stirring the rotating speed to be 150-250 rmp, and the ventilation amount of sterile air is 1.5m3The tank pressure is 0.03-0.05 Mpa, after natural fermentation is carried out for 40-60 h, respectively harvesting bacterial liquid, uniformly mixing the fermented bacillus bacterial liquid, photosynthetic bacteria bacterial liquid and lactobacillus bacterial liquid according to the volume ratio of 3:1:1, and simultaneously diluting the compound bacterial liquid into 5 percent by water according to the concentration of the compound bacterial liquid.0×1010cfu/ml～5.0×1011The microbial preparation solution of cfu/ml is sprayed and/or misted on the ecological base, the ecological base is preferably soaked by the solution, the soaked ecological base needs to be dried in an air drying mode, the ecological base cannot be dried at high temperature or exposed to strong sunlight, and the ecological base is preferably dried naturally in a cool and ventilated place.
Example 4
Selecting an elastic brush body consisting of polypropylene as an ecological base material, weaving biological brushes with the length of 0.8m, and connecting the brushes in series to prepare the ecological base material with the length of 0.8m multiplied by 5 m. Preparing the sucrose and the starch into 22.5mg/L aqueous solution according to the weight ratio of 3:1, soaking the prepared brush-shaped body ecological base in the sucrose and starch mixed solution for 30 minutes, and then fishing out and naturally drying in a cool and ventilated place.
Application example 1
The reinforced ecological base prepared in the example 1 is placed in a cultivation base of Shahua fishery Limited company in Huizhou city area of Guangdong province, 2 ponds with the area of 30 mu/mouth and the yield of 3500 kg/mu for grass carp and bighead carp mixed cultivation in the year after four months of fish seed placement. After the cultivation in one cultivation period, the film-forming maturation time is shortened by 30-50%, the water quality restoration efficiency is improved by 10-20%, the growth speed of fishes is improved by more than 10%, the disease incidence is reduced by more than 20%, meanwhile, the sediment amount of pond bottom mud is reduced by 8-17%, the water change amount is reduced by more than 20%, and better economic and ecological benefits are obtained.
Application example 2
The reinforced ecological base prepared in the embodiment 3 is placed in a cultivation base of Tongwei aquaculture science and technology Limited company in the south China sea area of Fushan City in Guangdong province, 4 ponds with the area of 7 mu/mouth, the grass carp and the bighead carp are mainly cultivated in the year, the yield is 3500 plus 4000 kg/mu, the reinforced ecological base prepared in the embodiment 3 is placed after three months of fish seed placement, and when the fished grass carp enters the market specification of a supermarket after a certain cultivation time (about 10 months), the reinforced ecological base pondThe weight gain rate is improved by more than 25 percent, and the NO of water quality is obviously reduced by the ecological base pond2The content of N is-N, the occurrence of parasitic diseases such as larval fleas and the like is obviously controlled, the survival rate is improved by more than 15%, meanwhile, the structural transformation of phytoplankton communities in the ecological-based pond is mainly green algae, diatom and euglena, meanwhile, the sediment deposition amount of the bottom mud in the pond is reduced by 20-30%, the water change amount is reduced by more than 15%, the economic benefit is improved by more than 500 yuan per mu, and better economic and ecological benefits are obtained.
The above description is only for the preferred embodiment of the present invention, but the scope of the present invention is not limited thereto, and any person skilled in the art should be considered to be within the technical scope of the present invention, and the technical solutions and their concepts should be considered to be equivalent or modified within the technical scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. A preparation method of an enhanced ecological base is characterized in that the ecological base is treated by adopting a solution containing a carbon source and/or a microbial preparation solution, the enhanced ecological base is obtained after drying,
wherein,
the carbon source-containing solution is a solution substantially free of nitrogen source,
the microbial preparation is prepared by fermenting one or more of bacillus, photosynthetic bacteria and lactic acid bacteria.
2. The method for preparing an enhanced ecological base according to claim 1, wherein the solution is an aqueous or viscous solution.
3. The method of claim 1, wherein the solution comprising a carbon source is a solution comprising a mixture of one or more of a carbohydrate carbon source or a biomass carbon source;
wherein, the carbohydrate carbon source is preferably one or a mixture of sucrose, glucose and starch;
wherein, the biomass carbon source is preferably selected from one or more of cellobiose, mannose, xylan and galactose.
4. The method of claim 1, wherein the solution comprising a carbon source is a solution comprising substantially only a carbon source.
5. The method of claim 1, wherein the method of preparing the microbial preparation solution comprises: fermenting one or more of bacillus, photosynthetic bacteria and lactic acid bacteria in nutrient substances; the preferable bacterial liquid concentration of the microbial preparation solution is more than 1 multiplied by 1010 cfu/ml.
6. The method for preparing an enhanced ecological base according to claim 1, wherein the concentration of the solution containing the carbon source is in the range of 10mg/L to 40mg/L, preferably 20mg/L to 25 mg/L.
7. The method for preparing an enhanced ecological base according to claim 1, wherein the treatment comprises soaking, spraying, and misting.
8. The method for preparing an enhanced ecological base according to claim 1, wherein the drying includes air drying and airing.
9. An enhanced ecotope prepared by the method of any one of claims 1-8.
10. The enhanced ecological base according to claim 9, wherein the film-forming maturation time of the enhanced ecological base in the aquaculture water body is shortened by 30-50%, the water quality restoration efficiency is improved by 10-20%, the growth speed of fishes is improved by more than 10%, and the occurrence rate of diseases is reduced by more than 20%.
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN105883999A (en) * | 2016-04-26 | 2016-08-24 | 大连汇新钛设备开发有限公司 | Calcium oxide sustained-release block for regulating pH value of recirculating aquaculture system and preparation method of calcium oxide sustained-release block for regulating pH value of recirculating aquaculture system |
| CN108541638A (en) * | 2018-04-19 | 2018-09-18 | 广州普麟生物制品有限公司 | A kind of Penaeus Vannmei pond outdoor breeding method |
| CN116693067A (en) * | 2023-07-14 | 2023-09-05 | 中国水产科学研究院珠江水产研究所 | In-situ restoration method for jointly treating cultivation tail water by utilizing duckweed-loaded plant growth promoting bacteria |
| CN116693067B (en) * | 2023-07-14 | 2024-02-06 | 中国水产科学研究院珠江水产研究所 | An in-situ remediation method using turnip root loaded with plant growth-promoting bacteria to jointly treat aquaculture tailwater |
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