CN106451834B - A kind of K shapes stator core mixed field excitation type flux switch motor - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses a K-shaped stator core hybrid excitation magnetic flux switching motor, which belongs to the technical field of motor manufacturing. The stator part of the motor is equipped with permanent magnets, armature windings and single-phase excitation windings. The stator core is K-shaped and adjacent There are permanent magnets inlaid between the stator cores, and the armature winding is a three-phase concentrated winding straddling the inner side of the stator teeth of the adjacent K-shaped stator cores on both sides of the permanent magnets, and the single-phase excitation winding straddles the sides of each K-shaped stator core Outside the two stator teeth, the rotor part does not install any permanent magnets and windings. The invention has a compact, simple and strong structure, and while retaining the bipolar characteristics of the no-load flux linkage of the flux switching motor, it realizes the hybrid excitation function, has strong torque output capability and high power density, and is passed Adjusting the excitation current broadens the adjustment range of the air gap magnetic field, and the magnetic adjustment performance is good.

Description

A K-shaped stator core hybrid excitation flux switching motor

technical field

The invention belongs to the technical field of motor manufacturing, and in particular relates to a K-shaped stator core mixed excitation magnetic flux switching motor.

Background technique

With the continuous improvement of the cost performance of new rare earth permanent magnet materials such as NdFeB, rare earth permanent magnets such as permanent magnet brushless DC motors and permanent magnet synchronous motors have the advantages of smaller volume, higher efficiency and better dynamic response characteristics. Electric motors are widely used in more and more industrial drive and servo control fields. However, due to the influence of the inherent characteristics of the permanent magnet material, the magnetic field generated by the permanent magnet is difficult to adjust, and the air gap magnetic field inside the permanent magnet motor is basically kept constant, which makes it difficult to adjust the air gap magnetic field inside the permanent magnet motor, resulting in its adjustment. The speed range is limited, which limits the application of permanent magnet motors in applications such as aerospace and electric vehicles that require wide speed regulation and direct drive. How to realize the effective adjustment and control of the air gap magnetic field has always been a hot and difficult point in the research of permanent magnet motors.

The hybrid excitation flux switching motor inherits many advantages of the permanent magnet flux switching motor, such as no permanent magnet or winding on the rotor, high mechanical strength; the permanent magnet is placed tangentially on the stator side, which is easy to dissipate heat and cool, suitable for High-speed operation; magnetic concentration effect and stator flux bipolarity, which help to improve power density, etc. At the same time, by introducing auxiliary electric excitation windings, not only the amount of rare earth permanent magnets is reduced, but also the adjustment range of the air gap magnetic field of the permanent magnet motor can be effectively expanded.

Contents of the invention

The purpose of the present invention is to propose a K-shaped stator core hybrid excitation type magnetic flux switching motor, which effectively utilizes the space to arrange the electric excitation winding, and widens the air gap magnetic field adjustment by adjusting the excitation current. Range, good magnetic adjustment performance, compact, simple and sturdy structure, with highly symmetrical, sinusoidal bipolar flux waveform, strong torque output capability and high power density.

To achieve the above object, the technical solution adopted in the present invention is:

A K-shaped stator core hybrid excitation flux switching motor, characterized in that it includes a stator, a single-phase field winding, an armature winding and a rotor;

The stator is composed of six permanent magnets and six K-shaped stator cores alternately assembled, and the magnetization directions of the two adjacent permanent magnets are opposite; each K-shaped stator core has a single-phase excitation winding on the outside of the two stator teeth. Winding, the single-phase excitation winding is composed of single-phase excitation coils connected in series in sequence, and the electrification polarity of the permanent magnet and the two single-phase excitation coils in the slot surrounded by the adjacent K-shaped stator core is consistent; the K-shaped The inner side of the stator teeth of the stator core is provided with armature windings, and the armature windings on the stator teeth of two adjacent K-shaped stator cores are bridged; the armature windings are divided into A, B, and C three-phase armature windings , each phase of the armature winding is composed of radially opposite armature coils in series; the single-phase field winding and the armature winding are all concentrated windings;

The rotor is located inside the stator, and no permanent magnets and windings are arranged on the rotor.

In the above solution, both the stator and the rotor are salient pole structures.

In the above solution, the material of the K-shaped stator core is magnetically permeable.

In the above solution, the permanent magnet is NdFeB permanent magnet.

In the above solution, the single-phase excitation coil and the armature coil both adopt centralized coils.

In the above solution, the rotor is a straight slot rotor.

Compared with the prior art, a K-shaped stator core hybrid excitation flux switching motor provided by the present invention has the following advantages:

1. The present invention retains the advantages of the original permanent magnet flux switching motor, such as highly sinusoidal bipolar flux linkage, higher power density and stronger torque output capability, and adopts the K-shaped stator core without increasing the On the premise of the extra volume of the motor, the use of permanent magnets is reduced, and the mixed excitation function is realized. The structure of the whole motor is simple, compact, strong, easy to process, and has good magnetic adjustment performance.

2. Both the armature winding and the single-phase excitation winding of the present invention adopt concentrated winding, thereby effectively reducing the end length and reducing the end effect; in addition, the rotor is a straight-slot rotor, and there is neither permanent magnet nor winding on the rotor , simple structure, strong, easy cooling, suitable for high-speed operation.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is the structural representation of K-shaped stator core hybrid excitation type flux switching motor of the present invention;

Fig. 2 is the magnetic flux path schematic diagram in the working process of K-shaped stator core hybrid excitation type magnetic flux switching motor of the present invention, Fig. 2 (a) is the magnetic flux path schematic diagram of rotor when θ ₁ , Fig. 2 (b) is the rotor in Schematic diagram of the magnetic flux path at θ ₂ ;

Fig. 3 is the distribution diagram of the magnetic lines of force of permanent magnet working alone;

Fig. 4 is the distribution diagram of the magnetic lines of force of electric excitation working alone;

Fig. 5 is a schematic diagram of hybrid excitation magnetic field lines.

In the figure: 1-stator, 2-permanent magnet, 3-single-phase excitation winding, 4-armature winding, 5-rotor, 301-306-single-phase excitation coil, 411, 412, 421, 422, 431, 432- armature coil.

Detailed ways

The present invention will be further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.

As shown in Figure 1, a K-shaped stator core hybrid excitation flux switching motor includes a stator 1, a single-phase field winding 3, an armature winding 4 and a rotor 5; both the stator 1 and the rotor 5 have a salient pole structure;

The stator 1 is composed of six permanent magnets 2 and six K-shaped stator cores assembled alternately. The magnetization directions of two adjacent permanent magnets 2 are opposite. The permanent magnets 2 are NdFeB permanent magnets that are magnetized alternately along the circumferential tangential direction Magnetic steel, the material of the K-shaped stator core is magnetic; the outer sides of the two stator teeth of each K-shaped stator core are wound with a single-phase excitation winding 3, and the single-phase excitation winding 3 is composed of a single-phase excitation coil 301, a single-phase excitation Coil 302, single-phase excitation coil 303, single-phase excitation coil 304, single-phase excitation coil 305, and single-phase excitation coil 306 are sequentially connected in series. The polarities of the two single-phase excitation coils in the slot surrounded by the iron core are consistent; the inner side of the stator teeth of the K-shaped stator core is provided with an armature winding 4, and the electric poles on the stator teeth of two adjacent K-shaped stator cores are arranged. The armature windings are 4-phase bridged; the armature windings 4 are divided into A, B, and C three-phase armature windings, and the A-phase armature winding is composed of radially opposite armature coils 411 and The armature winding is composed of radially opposite armature coil 421 and armature coil 422 in series, and the C-phase armature winding is composed of radially opposite armature coil 431 and armature coil 432 in series. Coils; single-phase excitation winding 3 and armature winding 4 are all concentrated windings; rotor 5 is located inside the stator 1, and the rotor 5 is a straight-slot rotor without permanent magnets and windings.

The working process of a K-shaped stator core hybrid excitation flux switching motor is as follows:

As shown in Figure 2, when the motor rotor 5 is at the position shown in Figure 2(a) (θ ₁ =12.86°), there are two rotor teeth facing the stator teeth respectively. According to the magnetization direction of the permanent magnet 2, the permanent magnet 2 and the The mixed magnetic flux generated by the single-phase excitation winding 3 will pass through the stator teeth along the path of the arrow in the figure, pass through the air gap and enter the rotor teeth aligned with it, and the value is the largest; the armature winding 4 on the stator 1 induces a certain The no-load back electromotive force.

When the rotor 5 moves to the position shown in Figure 2(b) (θ ₂ =38.57°), the total magnetic flux remains unchanged, but the path of the magnetic flux is just opposite, passing through the rotor teeth through the air gap and entering The stator teeth aligned with it; at this time, the no-load back electromotive force induced by the armature winding 4 has the same value but opposite polarity compared with the no-load back electromotive force in Figure 2(a).

When the rotor moves continuously between the positions in Figure 2(a) and (b), the magnetic flux of the armature winding 4 circles will continuously change periodically between the positive and negative maximum values, and the flux linkage of the motor , Back EMF and inductance are highly sinusoidal.

Figure 3 is the distribution diagram of the magnetic force lines of the permanent magnet working alone, and Figure 4 is the distribution diagram of the magnetic force lines of the electric excitation working alone. When the direction of the magnetic force generated by the permanent magnet 2 is the same as the direction of the electric excitation magnetic force generated by the single-phase excitation winding 4, the magnetic flux of the turn chain in each armature coil will increase, thereby affecting the induced electromotive force, and the induced electromotive force On the contrary, if the direction of the magnetic potential generated by the permanent magnet 2 is opposite to the direction of the electric excitation magnetic potential generated by the single-phase excitation winding 4, the magnetic flux of the turn chain in each armature coil will be reduced, so that the induction The electromotive force decreases. Figure 5 shows the schematic diagram of the mixed excitation magnetic field lines.

A K-shaped stator core hybrid excitation flux switching motor provided by the present invention has been introduced in detail above. The present invention has applied specific examples to illustrate the principle and implementation of the present invention. What is to be explained is that the above It is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and is not intended to limit the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent replacements and improvements made within the spirit and principles of the present invention shall be included within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims (6)

1. A K-shaped stator core hybrid excitation type flux switching motor is characterized in that, comprising stator (1), single-phase field winding (3), armature winding (4) and rotor (5); The stator (1) is assembled alternately by six permanent magnets (2) and six K-shaped stator cores, and the magnetization direction of two adjacent permanent magnets (2) is opposite; two of each K-shaped stator core A single-phase excitation winding (3) is wound across the outside of the stator teeth, the single-phase excitation winding (3) is composed of single-phase excitation coils connected in series in sequence, and the permanent magnet (2) is surrounded by the adjacent K-shaped stator core. The polarities of the two single-phase excitation coils in the slot are consistent; the inner side of the stator teeth of the K-shaped stator core is provided with armature windings (4), and the armature windings (4) on the stator teeth of two adjacent K-shaped stator cores are (4) Phase bridging; the armature winding (4) is divided into A, B, and C three-phase armature windings, and each phase armature winding is composed of radially opposite armature coils in series; the single-phase excitation The winding (3) and the armature winding (4) are all concentrated windings; The rotor (5) is located inside the stator (1), and no permanent magnets and windings are arranged on the rotor (5). 2. A K-shaped stator core hybrid excitation flux switching motor according to claim 1, characterized in that both the stator (1) and the rotor (5) have a salient pole structure. 3 . The K-shaped stator core hybrid excitation flux switching motor according to claim 1 , wherein the material of the K-shaped stator core is magnetically permeable. 4 . 4 . A K-shaped stator core hybrid excitation flux switching motor according to claim 1 , wherein the permanent magnet ( 2 ) is NdFeB permanent magnet. 5 . The K-shaped stator core hybrid excitation flux switching motor according to claim 1 , wherein the single-phase excitation coil and the armature coil both adopt centralized coils. 5 . 6. A K-shaped stator core hybrid excitation flux switching motor according to claim 1, characterized in that the rotor (5) is a straight slot rotor.