CN106424630B - Complex thin-wall class Al-alloy parts ultrasonic wave added semisolid pressure casting molding machine and method - Google Patents
Complex thin-wall class Al-alloy parts ultrasonic wave added semisolid pressure casting molding machine and method Download PDFInfo
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- CN106424630B CN106424630B CN201610700171.4A CN201610700171A CN106424630B CN 106424630 B CN106424630 B CN 106424630B CN 201610700171 A CN201610700171 A CN 201610700171A CN 106424630 B CN106424630 B CN 106424630B
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22D—CASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
- B22D17/00—Pressure die casting or injection die casting, i.e. casting in which the metal is forced into a mould under high pressure
- B22D17/007—Semi-solid pressure die casting
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Abstract
本发明公开了一种复杂薄壁类铝合金件超声辅助半固态压铸成型装置及方法。包括压铸机、压铸模具、超声振动系统和冷却系统，压铸模具安装在压铸机，压射组件穿过静模固定板与压铸模具连接，压铸模具的动模上安装连接超声振动系统，超声振动系统直接作用于动模以超声辅助进行半固态压铸成型，动模设有与超声振动系统连接的冷却系统。本发明可有效降低固相团聚程度，提高半固态金属的流动能力和充型能力，并且能细化晶粒，提高铸件的致密度，进一步提高铝合金铸件的力学性能和导热性能，为复杂薄壁类铝合金铸件制造提供一种新的成型方法。
The invention discloses an ultrasonic-assisted semi-solid die-casting forming device and method for complex thin-walled aluminum alloy parts. Including die-casting machine, die-casting mold, ultrasonic vibration system and cooling system, the die-casting mold is installed in the die-casting machine, the injection component is connected to the die-casting mold through the fixed plate of the static mold, and the movable mold of the die-casting mold is installed and connected to the ultrasonic vibration system. Ultrasonic vibration system It directly acts on the movable mold to perform semi-solid die-casting with ultrasonic assistance. The movable mold is provided with a cooling system connected with the ultrasonic vibration system. The invention can effectively reduce the degree of solid phase agglomeration, improve the flow ability and filling ability of semi-solid metal, and can refine crystal grains, improve the density of castings, and further improve the mechanical properties and thermal conductivity of aluminum alloy castings. The manufacture of wall aluminum alloy castings provides a new forming method.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of metal material semi-solid-state shaping fields, more particularly, to a kind of complex thin-wall class aluminium alloy
Part ultrasonic wave added semisolid pressure casting molding machine and method.
Background technique
In recent years, with the fast development of information technology and communication industry, complex thin-wall class aluminium alloy castings are logical in electronics
There is widespread demand in news industry, such as: phone housing, LED lamp heat sink, communication base station shell etc., as shown in Figure 1.Such
Part usually has a complicated cavity structure and thin-walled feature, wall thickness usually < 4.0mm, regional area wall thickness < 0.5mm.In addition,
Such aluminium alloy castings is often made of multiple big planes or curved surface, is difficult to using traditional casting forming or machining mode
It realizes.
Currently, the common manufacturing process of thin wall aluminium alloy castings is usual pressure casting.Usual pressure casting technique exists
Occupy leading position in aluminium alloy castings production, accounts for about the 60% of aluminium alloy castings total amount, which can also be used for part thin-walled
The figuration manufacture of casting.However, on the basis of strict control die-casting process, the die casting finished product of thin wall aluminium alloy castings at present
Rate is about 80%, and common deficiency includes owing casting, turning cracking, tissue looseness, cold shut and decorative pattern etc., these defects cause largely
The wasting of resources and economic loss.Due to the limitation of the defect and die-casting process that are also easy to produce in thin wall casting,
Usual pressure casting technique is difficult to meet the manufacture processing of feature wall thickness < 1.0mm complex thin-wall class aluminium alloy castings.
For the mechanical property improved aluminum alloy die-casting technological, improve aluminium alloy castings, Semi-solid Thixo-Casting technique is close
It is had received widespread attention over year.Semi-Solid Metals Forming is a kind of technical process between casting and forging, be for it is solid,
The general name of the process of processing is formed in semi-molten or semi-solidified metal that liquid coexists, mainly includes thixotropic forming and stream
Become two kinds of techniques of shape.It is higher that there is semisolid metal blank certain solid-to-liquid ratio to compare viscosity with liquid metal, and when forming can
The problems such as avoiding splash, turbulent flow and volume gas, drip molding are better than liquid cast properties；It is compared with solid forging, low resistance of deformation
Make to be more likely formed minutiae structure with good mobility, and shaping load is lower.And traditional forming technology phase therefore,
Than, the advantages of Semi-Solid Metals Forming preferably combines solid die forging and liquid die casting, can be mass it is complex-shaped,
High-performance and high-precision miniature components.
During Semi-Solid Metals Forming, metal material flow stress is not only directly affected by solid rate, also by
To significantly affecting for solid agglomerate degree.When solid agglomerate degree is higher, semi-solid-state metal apparent viscosity and stream will be significantly improved
Dynamic stress limits further answering for aluminium alloy semi-solid die-casting technique to reduce it for the filling capacity of thin wall type chamber
With and promote.
Chinese invention patent (application number 200810058112.7) discloses a kind of hypereutectic aluminum-silicon alloy casting semisolid
Rheo-extrusion casting technique and device.The device uses extrusion casint, realizes that the semisolid of transcocrystallized Al-Si alloy product is continuous
Rheo-extrusion casting, improves the utilization rate of material, reduces machining allowance, but it still has that forming force is big, forming effect
The problems such as bad, it is difficult to meet the molding demand of complex thin-wall class part.
Chinese invention patent (application number 201410087101.7) discloses a kind of silumin package casing semisolid
Progressive forming method.The invention using semi-solid state extrusion shape in the segregation of liquid phase and solid phase and isolated feature, preparation processing
The thin-wall complicated shape silumin electronic package shell of high-performance, but invented technology production is mostly simple housing part, it is difficult
To meet the complex thin-wall class aluminium alloy castings processing of high-aspect-ratio.
Summary of the invention
The purpose of the invention is to reduce the solid agglomerate degree in semi-solid-state metal, the conjunction of thin-walled eka-aluminum is further increased
The casting forming performance and quality of golden casting propose a kind of complex thin-wall class Al-alloy parts ultrasonic wave added semisolid pressure casting molding
Device and method introduces ultrasound energy field in press casting procedure, solid agglomerate degree can be effectively reduced, and then improve semi-solid-state metal
Fluid ability and mold-filling capacity, reduce the frictional resistance of semi-solid-state metal and cavity wall, while ultrasonic vibration can refine crystal grain,
Improve the forming quality of casting.
The technical solution adopted by the present invention to solve the technical problems is:
One, a kind of complex thin-wall class Al-alloy parts ultrasonic wave added semisolid pressure casting molding machine:
The present invention includes die casting machine, die casting, ultrasonic vibration system and cooling system, and die casting is mounted on die casting
Machine, injection component pass through quiet mould fixed plate and connect with die casting, installation connection ultrasonic vibration system on the dynamic model of die casting,
Ultrasonic vibration system directly acts on dynamic model and carries out semisolid pressure casting molding with ultrasonic wave added, and dynamic model is equipped with and ultrasonic vibration system
The cooling system of connection.
The die casting machine includes pedestal, injection component, quiet mould fixed plate, dynamic mould fixing plate, die casting machine guide post and die casting
Machine guide rail, injection component are fixedly connected with quiet mould fixed plate, and quiet mould fixed plate is fixed on the base, and dynamic mould fixing plate horizontal can move
It is movably arranged on pedestal dynamicly；Die casting machine guide rail is mounted on the pedestal of quiet mould fixed plate side, and dynamic mould fixing plate bottom is embedding
Enter die casting machine guide rail；Quiet mould fixed plate two sides are fixedly connected with horizontal die casting machine guide post, and die casting machine guide post is fixed across dynamic model
In the middle part of plate, die casting machine guide rail and die casting machine guide post are parallel；Dynamic mould fixing plate is moved along die casting machine guide rail and die casting machine guide post level
It is dynamic.
The die casting includes dynamic model and quiet mould, and quiet mould and dynamic model pass through Anchor plate kit to be separately fixed at quiet mould solid
On fixed board and dynamic mould fixing plate, the fixed plate end face of quiet mould is connected with injection component, and quiet mould is equipped with quiet mould sprue gate, quiet mould casting
Mouth is connect with the outlet of injection component to be communicated.
The quiet mould includes the first bolt, sprue bush, quiet mould mould bases, quiet mould mold core and mold guide sleeve, quiet mould mould bases one
End is fixed in quiet mould fixed plate by Anchor plate kit, and the quadrangle of the quiet mould mould bases other end is provided with stepped hole, and stepped hole is provided with
Guide-post of die-set for dynamic model protrudes into the mold guide sleeve of mating connection；It is inlaid with quiet mould mold core among quiet mould mould bases, passes through first
Bolt is fixed with quiet mould mould bases, is provided with through-hole in the middle part of quiet mould mold core and quiet mould mould bases, is cased with sprue bush in through-hole.
The dynamic model includes dynamic model mould bases, dynamic model mold core, guide-post of die-set, dynamic model support plate, dynamic model support block and the second spiral shell
Bolt is successively mutually fixedly connected between dynamic model mould bases, dynamic model support plate and dynamic model support block by the second bolt of quadrangle, dynamic model mould bases
Centre, which is inlayed, is fixed with dynamic model mold core, and the quadrangle of one end face of dynamic model support plate is equipped with guide-post of die-set, and guide-post of die-set passes through dynamic model mould
Frame is extend into the mold guide sleeve of quiet mould mould bases of the quiet mould, is fixedly installed with ultrasonic vibration system on the dynamic model support plate other end
System.
The ultrasonic vibration system includes ultrasonic generator and ultrasonic vibrator, and ultrasonic vibrator includes being fixedly mounted on
The quadrangle of ultrasonic transducer and ultrasonic amplitude transformer on ring flange, ring flange is fixedly attached to institute by connecting rod and the first nut
Dynamic model support plate end face is stated, the input terminal of ultrasonic amplitude transformer is fixedly connected on ring flange by bolt group and passes through ring flange
Centre bore, ultrasonic amplitude transformer output end pass through the dynamic model support plate and extend into dynamic model mold core；Ultrasonic transducer passes through ultrasound
Connecting rod is fixed on the end face of ultrasonic amplitude transformer input terminal, is connected between ultrasonic transducer and ultrasonic amplitude transformer input terminal end face
Piezoelectric ceramics；Ultrasound connection rod end surface is provided with water outlet, and the node location of ultrasonic amplitude transformer is equipped with water inlet, water outlet and water inlet
Mouth is connect with water-cooling system.
The injection component includes injection rod and injection pipeline, and injection rod is extend into injection pipeline one end, injection pipe
Road side wall connects feed inlet, and injection chamber is formed in injection pipeline, and the injection pipeline other end passes through quiet mould fixed plate and connect with quiet mould,
So that the quiet mould sprue gate and injection chamber on quiet mould export concentric alignment.
Since press casting procedure belongs to high temperature and pressure, ultrasonic transducer is damaged due to overheat in order to prevent, in ultrasonic system
Upper setting water-cooling system 12.The water-cooling system includes water pump and water tank, and water inlet is connected through water pump and water tank, and water outlet is straight
It connects and is connect with water tank.
Apparatus of the present invention apply ultrasonic wave by above-mentioned ultrasonic vibration system on die casting, are being pressed by injection component
Penetrate it is intracavitary handled, can not only improve the mobility and cavity filling energy of aluminium alloy semi-solid melt, die casting can also be improved
Mechanical property.
Two, a kind of complex thin-wall class Al-alloy parts ultrasonic wave added semisolid pressure casting forming method:
1) prepared by semi-solid metal slurry: embryo material being heated to 590 DEG C using pulping equipment, and is protected in holding furnace
Temperature storage；
2) die casting is preheated to 150~250 DEG C and surface sprays release agent, then molded；
3) ultrasonic vibration system and the cooling system are opened；
4) contained from holding furnace using heat preserving quantitative cup and take semi solid slurry, after pouring into injecting cavity, injection rod with 1~
The injection speed of 5m/s carries out die casting with the pressure than pressure 40MPa, then 5~10s of pressure maintaining, ultrasonic vibration system in press casting procedure
It is continued working with cooling system；
5) pickup is opened after the completion of die casting.
The power of the ultrasonic vibration system application ultrasonic vibration is 200W, frequency is 20KHz and amplitude is 10 μm.
The complex thin-wall class aluminium alloy castings are characterized the aluminium alloy castings having a size of 0.5mm~1.5mm wall thickness.
The invention has the advantages that:
1, ultrasonic wave is introduced into aluminium alloy semi-solid die cast process by the present invention, passes through connecting rod combined techniques
Ultrasonic system directly with dynamic model core contact, and is kept certain precompression by blue structure, guarantees ultrasonic wave with maximum efficiency
It is transmitted to semisolid solution,
On the one hand solid agglomerate degree is effectively reduced using ultrasonic activation, and then improves the fluid ability of semi-solid-state metal
And mold-filling capacity, the frictional resistance of semi-solid-state metal and cavity wall is reduced,
Another aspect ultrasonic vibration can also refine crystal grain, improve the consistency of casting, thus further aluminium alloy castings
Mechanical property and heating conduction；
2, ultrasonic generator can perform a scan matching automatically, realize different molds are performed a scan and
Match, improves the adaptability of system；
3, cooling system is arranged in amplitude transformer node location, has directly separated mold heat conduction, has improved cooling effect
Rate, while ultrasonic system working frequency is not had an impact.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is whole assembling structure schematic diagram of the invention.
Fig. 2 is the schematic diagram of clamping process of the present invention.
Fig. 3 is the schematic diagram of semi solid slurry casting process of the present invention.
Fig. 4 is the schematic diagram of die casting pressure maintaining period of the present invention.
Fig. 5 is the schematic diagram of present invention die sinking pickup process.
Fig. 6 is quiet mode assembling structure figure of the invention.
Fig. 7 is dynamic model assembly structure figure of the invention.
Fig. 8 is ultrasonic system assembly structure figure of the invention.
Fig. 9 is Anchor plate kit schematic diagram of the invention.
In figure: 1. injection rods, 2. feed inlets, 3. quiet mould fixed plates, 4. quiet moulds, 5. dynamic models, 6. ultrasonic vibrators, 7. dynamic models
Fixed plate, 8. Anchor plate kits, 9. die casting machine guide posts, 10. die casting machine guide rails, 11. ultrasonic generators, 12. water-cooling systems, 13. bottoms
Seat, 14. semi-solid melts, 15. casting, 16. first bolts, 17. sprue bush, 18. quiet mould mould bases, 19. quiet mould mold cores, 20. moulds
Tool guide sleeve, 21. dynamic model mould bases, 22. dynamic model mold cores, 23. guide-post of die-set, 24. dynamic model support plates, 25. dynamic model support blocks, 26. second
Bolt, 27. ultrasonic amplitude transformers, 28. connecting screws, 29. water inlets, 30. ring flanges, 31. first nuts, 32. piezoelectric ceramics,
33. ultrasonic transducer, 34. water outlets, 35. ultrasonic connecting rods, 36. bolt groups, 37. clamp blocks, 38. second nuts, 39. sliding rails
Bolt, 40. third bolts.
Specific embodiment
Present invention will be further explained below with reference to the attached drawings and examples.
As shown in Figure 1, the present invention includes pedestal 13, die casting machine, die casting 4,5, ultrasonic vibration system and cooling system
12, die casting machine is mounted on pedestal 13, and die casting 4,5 is mounted on die casting machine, injection component be mounted on die casting machine and with pressure
Casting mould 4,5 connects, and installation connection ultrasonic vibration system, ultrasonic vibration system directly act on the dynamic model 5 of die casting 4,5
Dynamic model 5 carries out semisolid pressure casting molding with ultrasonic wave added, and dynamic model 5 is equipped with the cooling system 12 connecting with ultrasonic vibration system.
As shown in Figure 1, die casting machine includes quiet mould fixed plate 3, dynamic mould fixing plate 7, die casting machine guide post 9 and die casting machine guide rail
10, quiet mould fixed plate 3 is fixed on pedestal 13, and dynamic mould fixing plate 7 is movably arranged on horizontally moveablely on pedestal 13；Die casting machine
Guide rail 10 is mounted on the pedestal 13 of quiet 3 side of mould fixed plate, and 7 bottom of dynamic mould fixing plate is embedded in die casting machine guide rail 10；Quiet mould is solid
3 two sides of fixed board are fixedly connected with horizontal die casting machine guide post 9, and die casting machine guide post 9 passes through 7 middle part of dynamic mould fixing plate, and die casting machine is led
Rail 10 and die casting machine guide post 9 are parallel；Dynamic mould fixing plate 7 is moved horizontally along die casting machine guide rail 10 and die casting machine guide post 9.
Die casting includes dynamic model 5 and quiet mould 4, and it is solid that quiet mould 4 and dynamic model 5 are separately fixed at quiet mould by Anchor plate kit 8
On fixed board 3 and dynamic mould fixing plate 7, quiet 3 end face of mould fixed plate is connected with injection component, and quiet mould 4 is equipped with quiet mould sprue gate, quiet mould
Sprue gate connect with the outlet of injection component and communicates.
As shown in fig. 6, quiet mould 4 includes that the first bolt 16, sprue bush 17, quiet mould mould bases 18, quiet mould mold core 19 and mold are led
Set 20, quiet 18 one end of mould mould bases are fixed in quiet mould fixed plate 3 by the first bolt 16 of quadrangle, quiet 18 other end of mould mould bases
Quadrangle is provided with blind hole, and blind hole is provided with the mold guide sleeve 20 that mating connection is protruded into for the guide-post of die-set 23 of dynamic model 5；Quiet mould mould bases
It is inlayed among 18 and is fixed with quiet mould mold core 19, through-hole is provided in the middle part of quiet mould mold core 19, sprue bush 17, sprue bush 17 are cased in through-hole
One end is quiet mould sprue gate.
As shown in fig. 7, dynamic model 5 includes dynamic model mould bases 21, dynamic model mold core 22, guide-post of die-set 23, dynamic model support plate 24, dynamic model
Support block 25 and the second bolt 26 pass through the second bolt of quadrangle between dynamic model mould bases 21, dynamic model support plate 24 and dynamic model support block 25
26 are successively mutually fixedly connected, and inlay among dynamic model mould bases 21 and are fixed with dynamic model mold core 22, the quadrangle of 24 1 end face of dynamic model support plate
Equipped with guide-post of die-set 23, guide-post of die-set 23 passes through the mold guide sleeve that dynamic model mould bases 21 extend into the quiet mould mould bases 18 of the quiet mould 4
In 20, the ultrasonic vibrator 6 of ultrasonic vibration system is fixedly installed on 24 other end of dynamic model support plate, ultrasonic vibrator 6 is direct
Act on dynamic model mold core 22.
As shown in figure 8, ultrasonic vibration system includes ultrasonic generator 11 and ultrasonic vibrator 6, ultrasonic vibrator 6 includes solid
Ultrasonic transducer 33 and ultrasonic amplitude transformer 27 of the Dingan County on the ring flange 30, the quadrangle of ring flange 30 pass through connecting rod 28 and the
One nut 31 is fixedly attached to 24 end face of dynamic model support plate, and the input terminal of ultrasonic amplitude transformer 27 connects by the way that bolt group 36 is fixed
The centre bore of ring flange 30 is connect on ring flange 30 and passes through, 27 output end of ultrasonic amplitude transformer passes through the dynamic model support plate 24 and stretches
Enter into dynamic model mold core 22；
Ultrasonic transducer 33 passes through the end face that ultrasonic connecting rod 35 is fixed on 27 input terminal of ultrasonic amplitude transformer, ultrasonic transducer
Piezoelectric ceramics 32 is connected between 33 and 27 input terminal end face of ultrasonic amplitude transformer；Ultrasonic 35 end face of connecting rod is provided with water outlet 34,
The node location of ultrasonic amplitude transformer 27 is equipped with water inlet 29, and water outlet 34 and water inlet 29 are connect with water-cooling system 12.
Ultrasonic generator 11 is designed using automatic frequence scanning, is suitable for different molds.Ultrasonic transducer 33 is piezoelectric type
Energy converter, piezoceramic material PZT-4, the ultrasonic generator 11, using using full-bridge inverting topology, using DSP as
The control core of system realizes automatic frequence scanning, guarantees that energy converter can be exported with maximum output power, to match difference
Mold.
As shown in figure 9, Anchor plate kit 8 includes clamp block 37, the second nut 38, slide rail bolt 39 and third bolt 40, pressure
Strip groove is provided on plate 37, the second nut 38 passes through strip groove connecting sliding rail bolt 39, and it is solid that slide rail bolt 39 is embedded into quiet mould
In the groove of fixed board 3 or dynamic mould fixing plate 7,37 one end of clamp block is embedded into the 25 side wall bar shaped of dynamic model support block of the dynamic model 5
In the 18 side wall strip groove of quiet mould mould bases of slot or the quiet mould 4,37 other end of clamp block is supported by 40 head of third bolt
To high to the length matched mold side wall strip groove that third bolt 40 extends in quiet mould fixed plate 3 or dynamic mould fixing plate 7, is adjusted
Degree, then screw the second nut 38 and compressed.
Injection component includes injection rod 1 and injection pipeline, and injection rod 1 is extend into injection pipeline one end, injection pipe side
Wall connects feed inlet 2, and injection chamber is formed in injection pipeline, and the injection pipeline other end passes through quiet mould fixed plate 3 and connect with quiet mould 4,
So that the quiet mould sprue gate and injection chamber on quiet mould 4 export concentric alignment.
Water-cooling system 12 includes water pump and water tank, and water inlet 29 connects through water pump and water tank, and water outlet 34 is directly and water tank
Connection.Cooling system 12 uses water-cooling pattern, has relative to air-cooled, the oil types of cooling such as cold, cooling efficiency is high, and device is easy
The advantages of.Cooling system 12 is set on ultrasonic amplitude transformer 27, has effectively been obstructed die casting heat and has been passed toward ultrasonic transducer 32
It passs, while water inlet reduces the influence to amplitude transformer frequency in the design of node location.
Specific implementation process of the invention is as follows:
1) prepared by semi-solid metal slurry: the embryo material of Aluminum Alloy A356 being heated to 590 DEG C using pulping equipment, and is being protected
Heat preservation storage is carried out in warm furnace；
2) as shown in Fig. 2, the die casting of dynamic model and quiet mould is preheated to 150~250 DEG C and surface spraying release agent, so
It is accurately molded with the help of guide-post of die-set 23 and mold guide sleeve 20 afterwards；
3) ultrasonic vibration system and the cooling system are opened, the power for applying ultrasonic vibration is 200W, frequency is
20KHz and amplitude are 10 μm.
4) it as shown in Figure 3, Figure 4, is contained from holding furnace using heat preserving quantitative cup and takes semi solid slurry, pour into injecting cavity
Afterwards, when semi-solid melt 14 is completely into injecting cavity, injection rod with the injection speed of 1~5m/s with than press the pressure of 40MPa into
Row die casting, then 5~10s of pressure maintaining, ultrasonic vibration system and cooling system continue working in press casting procedure；
5) as shown in figure 5, opening mold, the good casting 15 of die casting is removed, and be ready for die casting next time.
Apparatus of the present invention overcome conventional pressure casting method institute by the way that ultrasonic activation is directly acted on die casting mold core
Existing forming quality is not high, it is difficult to which the problems such as producing the complex thin-wall class part of high performance requirements solves advanced at present wide
Than complex thin-wall class aluminium alloy castings forming technique casting quality, in terms of there are the problem of drawn game it is sex-limited.
Claims (7)
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| JP7387225B2 (en) * | 2019-09-14 | 2023-11-28 | ジヤトコ株式会社 | casting equipment |
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