CN106416474B

CN106416474B - Spiral cultivating weeder

Info

Publication number: CN106416474B
Application number: CN201610684428.1A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 王贵; 刘锦华; 夏木; 朱迪; 李永刚; 李金星; 顾天宝; 秦义军; 罗副帅; 曹兴兵; 曾宪权; 王益平; 张恒
Original assignee: Nanchong Fupai Agricultural Machinery Co ltd; GUIZHOU TOBACCO CORP QIANXI'NAN CORP
Current assignee: Nanchong Fupai Agricultural Machinery Co ltd; GUIZHOU TOBACCO CORP QIANXI'NAN CORP
Priority date: 2016-08-18
Filing date: 2016-08-18
Publication date: 2020-05-15
Anticipated expiration: 2036-08-18
Also published as: CN106416474A

Abstract

The invention discloses a spiral cultivator, which comprises two sets of spiral cultivators which are arranged in front of a mini-tiller in a matching way and an adjustable furrow plough which is arranged in back of the mini-tiller in a matching way, wherein the two sets of spiral cultivators are respectively arranged on the left side and the right side of the mini-tiller; the spiral cultivator comprises a spiral shaft which is fixedly connected with the mini-cultivator in a spiral way and a spiral knife which is arranged along the length direction of the spiral shaft, the spiral knife is sleeved on the spiral shaft, and only the left side and the right side of the spiral knife are respectively and fixedly connected with the spiral shaft in a spot welding way; the weeding knife is embedded into the groove, and the installation part of the weeding knife is coplanar after being overlapped with the disc surface of the spiral knife. The furrow opener comprises an adjustable support and two soil separating plates positioned on the left side and the right side of the adjustable support. The weeder can prevent soil from accumulating in the soil ditch, and can effectively reduce the residual soil in the ditch after ditching; can prevent weeds and the like from staying at the installation positions of the weeding knife and the spiral knife and prevent the weeds from winding on the spiral cultivator.

Description

Spiral cultivating weeder

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of agricultural equipment, in particular to a spiral intertillage weeder.

Background

The method can be used for hilling the zones for planting high-ridge crops such as tobacco leaves, garlic, sugarcane and the like, so that the live soil layer can be increased, the yield and the quality of the crops can be improved, and the lodging resistance of the crops can be improved. The ridging is particularly important for tobacco production, and the tobacco ridging plays an important role in cultivating strong root systems of tobacco plants, enhancing the growth vigor and the adverse resistance of the tobacco plants, promoting the tobacco plants to open oranges and cut pieces, improving the overall quality of the tobacco leaves, optimizing the hierarchical structure, improving the availability of the upper tobacco leaves and the like.

With the expansion of the planting scale of tobacco leaves, the existing ridging is operated by a weeding ridging machine. For example, CN 203896679U discloses a tobacco intertillage hiller used in combination with a micro-cultivator, which comprises a left and a right spiral, wherein the spiral is conical from inside to outside, a rotary blade is welded on the spiral, and the spiral is connected with the micro-cultivator through the central shaft thereof; an adjustable furrow plough is arranged behind the mini-tiller, and the plough plates on the two sides of the furrow plough are adjustable plough plates. When the hiller is used, the rotation of the spiral is utilized to continuously convey the ploughed and crushed soil to the periphery of tobacco roots, the weeding cutter arranged on the spiral is utilized to clear away the grass on the soil, the furrow plough is utilized to carry out ditching operation, and the furrow plough can also adapt to various furrow widths because of the adjustable plough plate.

However, when the banking machine is used, the applicant has found that: (1) the spiral of the soil-removing device is conical from inside to outside, so that the conveying speed of the plowed and crushed soil in the rotating direction of the disc surface of the spiral is reduced, the soil is easy to accumulate on two sides in the ditch, and the soil in the ditch can be removed only by operating one ditch at least twice; (2) because the rotary blade is directly welded on the spiral and the rotary blade protrudes out of the spiral surface, when in use, the joint of the spiral and the rotary blade is easy to be wound by grass roots, and soil is easy to be deposited at the joint; (3) the spiral is easy breach and buckling after strikeing with the stone in the soil in rotatory, and the spiral is scrapped and can not use after buckling or appearing the breach, needs to buy again, increases use cost on foot.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to provide a spiral intertillage weeder which can effectively reduce the residual soil in ditches after ditching.

In order to achieve the purpose, the basic scheme of the invention is as follows: the spiral cultivator weeder comprises two sets of spiral cultivators which are arranged in front of the mini-tiller in a matching way and an adjustable furrow plough which is arranged behind the mini-tiller in a matching way, wherein the two sets of spiral cultivators are respectively arranged on the left side and the right side of the mini-tiller; the spiral cultivator comprises a spiral shaft and a spiral knife, wherein the spiral shaft is fixedly connected with the mini-cultivator in a spiral mode, the spiral knife is arranged along the length direction of the spiral shaft, the cross section of the spiral shaft is in a regular hexagon shape, a regular hexagon through hole matched with the cross section of the spiral shaft is formed in the center of the spiral knife, the spiral knife is sleeved on the spiral shaft, and only the left side and the right side of the spiral knife are fixedly connected with the spiral shaft in a spot welding mode respectively; the spiral blade rotating direction of the spiral cultivator on the left side of the mini-tiller is right-handed, and the spiral blade rotating direction of the spiral cultivator on the right side of the mini-tiller is left-handed; the edge of spiral sword is formed with the sawtooth, is formed with the recess on the quotation of spiral sword, and the welding has weeding sword in the recess, and in weeding sword embedding recess, and the installation department of weeding sword and the quotation coincidence back coplane of spiral sword.

The adjustable furrow plough comprises an adjustable bracket fixedly connected with the mini-tiller and two soil separating plates positioned on the left side and the right side of the adjustable bracket, the edges of the two soil separating plates are welded to form a V-shaped tip, the adjustable bracket is welded between the two soil separating plates, and the two soil separating plates are respectively hinged with a leveling plate; the adjustable support also comprises an adjusting rod, a plurality of threaded holes are formed in the adjusting rod, and the threaded holes are arranged at equal intervals along the axial direction of the adjusting rod; the two leveling plates and the adjusting rod are provided with adjusting blocks, one ends of the adjusting blocks are hinged with the leveling plates, and the other ends of the adjusting blocks are fixedly connected into threaded holes in the adjusting rod through bolts.

When the adjustable rotary cultivator is used, the angle of the leveling plate of the adjustable furrow plough is adjusted, then the wheels on the mini-tiller are disassembled, and the two sets of spiral cultivator are respectively arranged at the positions of the left and right wheels of the mini-tiller. The micro-cultivator is driven to work by a power system provided by the micro-cultivator for the wheels, and the rotating spiral knife on the spiral cultivator drives the micro-cultivator to move forwards while the spiral cultivator works, so that the adjustable furrow plough is driven to move forwards.

When the mini-tiller works, the screw shaft is driven to rotate by the mini-tiller, and the screw shaft drives the two sets of screw cultivator to coaxially rotate. When the spiral blade of the spiral cultivator rotates, the spiral blade pushes the soil to two sides of the mini-tiller, the soil can be separated from the two sides of the mini-tiller along the disc surface of the spiral blade, namely, the soil is pushed to the two sides of the mini-tiller by the rotating spiral blade and a soil ditch is formed in the field. The adjustable furrow plough utilizes the V-shaped tip formed by the two soil separating plates to separate the soil between the two sets of spiral cultivator towards the two sides of the soil ditch, and because a gap is generated between the two sets of spiral cultivator due to the problem of equipment installation, the spiral cultivator can not push all the soil in the soil ditch to the two sides of the soil ditch. The leveling plate of the adjustable furrow plough is used for compacting and leveling the soil on the two sides of the soil ditch.

The spiral knives in the scheme have the same diameter and equal screw pitch, so that when the soil is pushed and transported by the spiral knives, the conveying speed of the disc surfaces of the soil salt spiral knives is the same, the soil can be prevented from being accumulated in the soil ditches, and the residual amount of soil in the ditches after ditching can be effectively reduced; the sawteeth formed on the edge of the spiral knife can cut grass roots and can also cut soil, and the spiral cultivator has more working surfaces under the action of the weeding knife arranged on the spiral knife, so that weeds are prevented from being wound on the spiral cultivator; the mounting means of weeding sword and spiral sword also is a big bright point in this scheme: the installation part of the weeding knife and the groove on the spiral knife are still in the same plane after being welded, so that weeds and the like are prevented from staying at the installation positions of the weeding knife and the spiral knife, and the weeds are further prevented from being wound on the spiral cultivator.

The first preferred scheme is as follows: as a preferable mode of the basic mode, the cross section of the spiral blade is an equilateral triangle. When the cross section of the spiral knife is in an equilateral triangle shape, the contact area between the spiral shaft and the spiral knife is larger, compared with the existing spiral knife with a spiral plate or a trapezoidal spiral and the like, the saw teeth are sharper, the connection between the spiral knife and the spiral shaft is more stable, the strength and the rigidity of the spiral knife with the triangular cross section are higher, and the spiral knife is more durable; the cross section area of the spiral knife is set to be an equilateral triangle, so that the spiral knife has the advantages, the spiral knife has the functions of forward soil pushing and reverse soil pushing, and the efficiency of pushing to the soil pushing and transporting is the same as the pushing and transporting force of the reverse soil pushing and transporting.

The preferred scheme II is as follows: as a preferable scheme of the first optimization scheme, the spiral shaft is further provided with an inwards concave arc bottom, and the arc bottom is positioned between the thread pitches of the spiral cutter. The circular arc bottom arranged on the spiral shaft is more beneficial to the soil to move along the spiral knife, and the resistance of the soil, weeds and the like to move along the spiral knife is reduced.

The preferable scheme is three: as a preferred scheme of the second optimization scheme, the front end of the adjustable furrow plough is further provided with a grading soil breaker, the grading soil breaker comprises a rectangular tube connected with the soil separating plate through a bolt and three V-shaped soil breaking points sleeved and welded on the rectangular tube, a compression spring is fixedly connected between the adjacent V-shaped soil breaking points, the three V-shaped soil breaking points are coaxially arranged, and the working faces of the three V-shaped soil breaking points are gradually increased from left to right. The soil can be separated step by the aid of the three V-shaped soil breaking tips with the continuously increased working faces, particularly in cohesive soil or soil with gravels, soil in the ditch can be pushed to two sides very easily by the aid of the adjustable furrow plough behind the soil breaking tips, meanwhile, the soil can be further crushed in pushing, and the crushed hungry soil is more beneficial to leveling and ridging of two sides of the ditch, and the crushed soil is more beneficial to leveling and compacting.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic view of a spiral cultivator installation in an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a schematic side view of an adjustable furrow plough according to an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 3 is a schematic plan view of an adjustable plow assembly in an embodiment of the invention;

fig. 4 is a schematic view of a weeding blade mounting structure in the embodiment of the present invention.

Detailed Description

The present invention will be described in further detail below by way of specific embodiments:

reference numerals in the drawings of the specification include: the mini-tiller comprises a mini-tiller 1, a spiral cultivator 2, an arc bottom 21, a spiral shaft 3, a spiral knife 4, sawteeth 41, a rectangular tube 5, a V-shaped ground breaking tip 6, a working surface 61, a compression spring 7, an adjustable furrow plough 8, an adjusting rod 81, an adjusting block 82, a soil separating plate 83, an adjustable support 84, a threaded hole 85, a weeding knife 9 and an installation part 91.

The embodiments are substantially as shown in figures 1, 2, 3 and 4: the spiral cultivator-weeder comprises a mini-tiller 1, wherein a spiral cultivator 2 matched with the mini-tiller 1 for use is arranged in front of the mini-tiller 1, an adjustable furrow plough 8 matched with the mini-tiller 1 for use is arranged behind the mini-tiller 1, the spiral cultivator 2 in the scheme has two sets, and the two sets of spiral cultivator 2 are respectively arranged on the left side and the right side of the mini-tiller 1. The spiral cultivator 2 comprises a spiral shaft 3 and a spiral knife 4 which is arranged along the length direction of the spiral shaft 3 and has the same diameter and the same pitch, the cross section of the spiral shaft 3 is a regular hexagon, a regular hexagon through hole matched with the cross section of the spiral shaft 3 is formed in the center of the spiral knife 4, the spiral knife 4 is sleeved on the spiral shaft 3, only the left side and the right side of the spiral knife 4 are fixedly connected with the spiral shaft 3 in a spot welding mode respectively, the spiral shaft 3 is connected with the mini-cultivator 1 in a matched mode in a bolt connection mode, and the mini-cultivator 1 drives the spiral shaft 3 to rotate. In this embodiment, the spiral blade 4 of the spiral cultivator 2 positioned on the left side of the mini-tiller 1 rotates rightwards, and the spiral blade 4 of the spiral cultivator 2 positioned on the right side of the mini-tiller 1 rotates leftwards.

The adjustable furrow plough 8 comprises an adjustable bracket 84 and two soil separating plates 83 positioned at the left side and the right side of the adjustable bracket 84, and the edges of the two soil separating plates 83 are welded to form a V-shaped point. The adjustable support 84 is welded between the two soil separating plates 83, and the two soil separating plates 83 are respectively hinged with a leveling plate. The adjustable support 84 further comprises an adjusting rod 81, a plurality of threaded holes 85 are formed in the adjusting rod 81, and the threaded holes 85 are arranged along the axial direction of the adjusting rod 81 at equal intervals. Adjusting blocks 82 are arranged between the two leveling plates and the adjusting rod 81, one end of each adjusting block 82 is hinged with the corresponding leveling plate, and the other end of each adjusting block is fixedly connected into a threaded hole 85 in the adjusting rod 81 through a bolt. The adjustable furrow plough 8 is fixedly connected to the rear of the micro-cultivator 1 through an adjustable bracket 84.

When the mini-tiller is used, the mini-tiller 1 drives the screw shaft 3 to rotate, and the screw shaft 3 drives the two sets of screw cultivator 2 to coaxially rotate. When the spiral blade 4 of the spiral cultivator 2 rotates, soil can be separated from the two sides of the mini-tiller 1 along the disc surface of the spiral blade 4, namely, the soil is pushed to the two sides of the mini-tiller 1 by the rotating spiral blade 4 and a soil ditch is formed in the field. The adjustable furrow plough 8 utilizes the V-shaped tip formed by the two soil separating plates 83 to separate the soil between the two sets of spiral cultivator 2 to the two sides of the soil ditch, and a gap is generated between the two sets of spiral cultivator 2 due to the problem of equipment installation, so that the whole soil in the soil ditch can not be pushed to the two sides of the soil ditch only by the spiral cultivator 2. The leveling plate of the adjustable furrow plough 8 is used for compacting and leveling the soil on the two sides of the soil ditch.

In the optimized embodiment, the edge of the spiral knife 4 is provided with sawteeth 41, and the disc surface of the spiral knife 4 is also provided with the weeding knife 9. As shown in fig. 2, a groove is formed on the disk surface of the spiral blade 4, the weeding blade 9 is embedded in the groove, the mounting portion 91 of the weeding blade 9 is overlapped with the disk surface of the spiral blade 4 and then is coplanar, and the spiral blade 4 is welded with the weeding blade 9 by utilizing the concave surface of the groove and the weeding blade 9 is fixed on the disk surface of the spiral blade 4. After setting up like this, weeding sword 9 and spiral sword 4 can work each other independently and do not influence because the installation department 91 of weeding sword 9 and the quotation coincidence coplane back of spiral sword 4, the quotation of spiral sword 4 still can maintain the original state and can not appear arch or pit.

In the optimized embodiment, the cross section of the spiral knife 4 is an equilateral triangle. When the cross section of the screw blade 4 is triangular, the saw teeth 41 of the screw blade 4 are inevitably disposed at the apex of the triangle, and the line contact of the base of the triangle with the screw shaft 3 is longer, so that the contact area of the screw shaft 3 with the screw blade 4 is also larger. So that the saw teeth 41 of the screw blade 4 are sharper and the coupling between the screw blade 4 and the screw shaft 3 is more stable. Meanwhile, compared with the flaky spiral knife 4 with the same thickness, the spiral knife 4 with the triangular section has higher strength and rigidity, so that the spiral knife 4 is more durable. Since the cross section of the spiral blade 4 in this embodiment is an equilateral triangle, both sides of the spiral blade 4 have the same pressure angle. In this way, the spiral knives 4 have the same propelling force to the soil when rotated in the forward direction and the reverse direction by the spiral shaft 3. Therefore, the cross-sectional area of the spiral blade 4 is set to be equilateral triangle, so that the spiral blade 4 not only has the advantages, but also has the functions of forward soil pushing and reverse soil pushing of the spiral blade 4, and the efficiency of soil pushing and transporting is the same as the soil pushing and transporting efficiency of reverse soil pushing and transporting.

In order to further reduce the resistance of the soil to the screw shaft 3, in the embodiment, the screw shaft 3 is further provided with an inward concave circular bottom 21, and the circular bottom 21 is located between the thread pitches of the spiral knives 4. When the cross section of the screw shaft 3 is a regular hexagon, the resistance of the soil moving along the screw knives 4 is inevitably increased by the outer circumferential surface of the screw shaft 3, and the resistance of the soil by the screw shaft 3 can be reduced by arranging the screw shaft 3 between the screw pitches of the screw knives 4 as a circular arc bottom.

In this embodiment, the front end of the adjustable furrow plough 8 is also provided with a grading soil breaker. As shown in fig. 2, a rectangular tube 5 is connected to the soil separating plate 83 through a bolt, three V-shaped soil breaking tips 6 are sleeved on the rectangular tube 5, the V-shaped soil breaking tips 6 are welded on the rectangular tube 5, a compression spring 7 is fixedly connected between the adjacent V-shaped soil breaking tips 6, and the three V-shaped soil breaking tips 6 are coaxially arranged. As shown in fig. 2, the working surfaces 61 of the three V-shaped ground breaking points 6 are gradually increased from left to right.

When the adjustable furrow plough 8 is driven by the mini-tiller 1 to move forwards, the gradually increased V-shaped soil breaking tips 6 sequentially pass through the soil in the soil ditch and separate the soil in advance. And the compression spring 7 arranged between the V-shaped ground breaking points 6 is used for forming overload protection for the V-shaped ground breaking points 6 and simultaneously maintaining the distance between the adjacent V-shaped ground breaking points 6. In use, the smallest V-shaped breaking point 6 is in contact with the soil in advance, and because the working surface 61 of the smallest V-shaped breaking point is also smallest, the resistance to be applied is also smaller, which is that the soil will be separated to both sides by a certain distance along the working surface 61 of the smallest V-shaped breaking point. Then, the V-shaped breaking point 6 among the three V-shaped breaking points 6 continues to separate the soil and simultaneously pushes the soil to both sides by using the working surface 61 thereof. The compression spring 7 is used for keeping the distance between the three V-shaped ground breaking points 6, so that the distance between the V-shaped ground breaking points 6 can be changed along with the change of the retreating resistance of the soil, and the positions of the V-shaped ground breaking points 6 on the rectangular tube 5 can be automatically recovered.

What has been described above is merely a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and common general knowledge of the known specific structures and characteristics of the embodiments is not described herein in any greater detail. It should be noted that, for those skilled in the art, without departing from the structure of the present invention, several changes and modifications can be made, which should also be regarded as the protection scope of the present invention, and these will not affect the effect of the implementation of the present invention and the practicability of the patent. The scope of the claims of the present application shall be determined by the contents of the claims, and the description of the embodiments and the like in the specification shall be used to explain the contents of the claims.

Claims

1. The spiral cultivator is characterized by comprising two sets of spiral cultivators which are arranged in front of the mini-tiller in a matching way and an adjustable furrow plough which is arranged in back of the mini-tiller in a matching way, wherein the two sets of spiral cultivators are respectively arranged on the left side and the right side of the mini-tiller; the spiral cultivator comprises a spiral shaft and a spiral knife, wherein the spiral shaft is fixedly connected with the mini-tiller in a spiral mode, the spiral knife is arranged in the length direction of the spiral shaft, the spiral knife is identical in diameter and pitch, the spiral shaft is connected with the mini-tiller in a matched mode in a bolt connection mode, the cross section of the spiral shaft is a regular hexagon, a regular hexagon through hole matched with the cross section of the spiral shaft is formed in the center of the spiral knife, the spiral knife is sleeved on the spiral shaft, and only the left side and the right side of the spiral knife are fixedly connected with the spiral shaft in a spot; the spiral blade rotating direction of the spiral cultivator on the left side of the mini-tiller is right-handed, and the spiral blade rotating direction of the spiral cultivator on the right side of the mini-tiller is left-handed; sawteeth are formed on the edge of the spiral knife, a groove is formed on the disc surface of the spiral knife, a weeding knife is welded in the groove, the weeding knife is embedded in the groove, and the installation part of the weeding knife is coplanar after being overlapped with the disc surface of the spiral knife;

the adjustable furrow plough comprises an adjustable bracket fixedly connected with the mini-tiller and two soil separating plates positioned on the left side and the right side of the adjustable bracket, the edges of the two soil separating plates are welded to form a V-shaped tip, the adjustable bracket is welded between the two soil separating plates, and the two soil separating plates are respectively hinged with a leveling plate; the adjustable support also comprises an adjusting rod, a plurality of threaded holes are formed in the adjusting rod, and the threaded holes are arranged at equal intervals along the axial direction of the adjusting rod; adjusting blocks are arranged between the two leveling plates and the adjusting rod, one end of each adjusting block is hinged with the corresponding leveling plate, and the other end of each adjusting block is fixedly connected into a threaded hole in the adjusting rod through a bolt;

the cross section of the spiral knife is an equilateral triangle; the spiral knife is welded with the weeding knife by utilizing the concave surface of the groove;

the spiral shaft is also provided with an inwards concave arc bottom, and the arc bottom is positioned between the thread pitches of the spiral cutters;

the front end of the adjustable furrow plough is further provided with a grading soil breaker, the grading soil breaker comprises a rectangular tube connected with a soil separating plate through a bolt and three V-shaped soil breaking points sleeved and welded on the rectangular tube, a compression spring is fixedly connected between the adjacent V-shaped soil breaking points, the three V-shaped soil breaking points are coaxially arranged, and the working surface of the three V-shaped soil breaking points is gradually increased from left to right.