CN106410376B - A kind of E-band miniaturized panel antenna and its simultaneous co-frequency duplexer - Google Patents
A kind of E-band miniaturized panel antenna and its simultaneous co-frequency duplexer Download PDFInfo
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- CN106410376B CN106410376B CN201610246642.9A CN201610246642A CN106410376B CN 106410376 B CN106410376 B CN 106410376B CN 201610246642 A CN201610246642 A CN 201610246642A CN 106410376 B CN106410376 B CN 106410376B
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
- H01Q1/36—Structural form of radiating elements, e.g. cone, spiral, umbrella; Particular materials used therewith
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01P—WAVEGUIDES; RESONATORS, LINES, OR OTHER DEVICES OF THE WAVEGUIDE TYPE
- H01P1/00—Auxiliary devices
- H01P1/20—Frequency-selective devices, e.g. filters
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
- H01Q1/52—Means for reducing coupling between antennas; Means for reducing coupling between an antenna and another structure
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- Waveguide Aerials (AREA)
Abstract
Same-frequency duplexing device while the present invention provides a kind of E-band miniaturization plate aerial and its composition, E-band minimizes plate aerial by four small assembly of radiating elements of equidistant rectangular arranged on a large radiation unit, and large radiation unit is connect by coupling gap with feed waveguide；Two E-band miniaturization plate aerials are integrated in while inside same-frequency duplexing device in parallel as transmitting antenna and receiving antenna, and the polarization of transmitting antenna and receiving antenna is orthogonal.Inventive antenna is easily integrated using miniaturization plate aerial, is not increased the complexity of system.Duplex system of the invention improves the integrated level of system, reduces the complexity of system composition, can effectively improve system to the utilization rate of frequency spectrum resource.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to millimeter wave high capacity communication field, be related to it is a kind of based on and present the E- of multilayer waveguide gap array
Band plate aerial and same-frequency duplexing device while offseted based on cross polarization.
Background technique
As spectrum utilization day hastens towards saturation, communication service pressure increasingly increases, and the demand to new frequency range and high bandwidth is more come
More vigorous.Millimetre-wave attenuator is all graduallyd mature in Military and civil fields and is utilized extensively.E-band refers to that uplink and downlink works respectively
In the higher millimeter wave frequency band of 71-76GHz, 81-86GHz.The frequency range shares the total bandwidth of 10GHz, can undertake greatly logical
Believe capacity traffic.E-band communication at present has been widely used for LTE core network return link, cooperates high-order modulating, such as
256QAM can achieve the air interface transmission rate of 3Gbps or more.With the gradually development of high power device, the following E-band will
Have and be more widely applied scene, as between star, satellite-ground link and large capacity real time intelligence scout etc. fields.
In order to overcome atmospheric attenuation and rain decline bring influence, high-gain aerial be E-band application core devices.Mesh
Preceding major part matured product mostly uses parabola antenna, but this antenna has biggish section, it is more difficult to be integrated into internal system.
Antenna section will substantially be reduced using planar array, there are some scholars to have studied the form system using SIW or Gap Waveguid
Make planar array.But since both forms belong to the feeding network of semi open model, and the dielectric loss of high band is larger,
Efficiency has certain limitations.With the maturation of injection molding electroplating technology, the machining accuracy of waveguide array is stepped up, and future uses
The waveguide gap array of injection molding electroplating technology will be provided with low section, the huge advantage of lightweight.Traditional waveguide gap array is adopted
With series feed form, but its width balances each other design comparison complexity.In contrast, using and presenting design can be set with the reduction of high degree
Difficulty is counted, is easy to guarantee that the width of radiating element balances each other.Since E-band frequency range is high, the size of radiating element is smaller, is
Guarantee the close coupling between unit, needs the spacing minimum.It is traditional and present cellular construction as shown in Figure 1, using it is this tradition simultaneously
Feedback unit will cause feed network structures to interfere, thus cannot achieve array.
In order to fundamentally improve transmission capacity, need to improve the availability of frequency spectrum of system.Traditional method utilization is higher
Modulation system, improve spectrum efficiency such as 1024QAM, 2048QAM, or using the methods of non-orthogonality signal.But these methods
Higher demodulation threshold is needed to realize to a certain extent, to limit the communication distance of system or have higher want to transmission power
It asks.In contrast, same-frequency duplexing mode is a kind of means for effectively promoting the availability of frequency spectrum while being offseted using radio frequency, and not
Increase the pressure of signal process part.
Traditional duplexer form is broadly divided into frequency division duplex and two kinds of time division duplex.The duplexer of frequency division duplex is by receiving and dispatching
Path filter and T connector are constituted.Due to reserving wider protection interval between transmitting-receiving frequency band, can guarantee to receive by design
Hair passband is fallen in mutual stopband, to provide higher transceiver insulation.But this form needs to dock sending and receiving and penetrates channel point
Indescribably for different frequency bands, thus great waste is caused to frequency spectrum.The transceiver channel of time division duplex use same frequency band, one
As combining, thus the availability of frequency spectrum with higher are provided in the form of circulator.But to realize big bandwidth, circulator
Isolation is often relatively restricted, generally only 20dB or so.Therefore it needs to increase by one group of switch in receiving channel and guarantees transmitting-receiving
Between isolation.But switch will bring great loss when opening to receives link, can not normally receive signal at this time, only
Signal can be emitted.Therefore time division duplex in a strict sense for be not a kind of full duplex form.It is offseted based on radio frequency same
When same-frequency duplexing can efficiently use frequency spectrum resource, realize with the full-duplex communication under frequency band.
Summary of the invention
For overcome the deficiencies in the prior art, the present invention provides a kind of E-band miniaturization plate aerial, is easily integrated.
The technical solution adopted by the present invention to solve the technical problems is: a kind of E-band miniaturization plate aerial, including
Four small radiating elements and a large radiation unit；The large radiation unit is rectangular element, in the middle part of rectangular element
Coupling gap is connect with the feed waveguide being located on the downside of rectangular element；Four identical small radiating elements are rectangle, even
It connects on the upside of large radiation unit, constitutes the equidistant rectangular array of a 2*2.
The perturbation gap that a horizontal cross-section is rectangle is respectively opened at four side centers of the large radiation unit, perturbation gap is passed through
Wear the upper and lower surface of large radiation unit.
The half-wavelength of a length of working frequency points of long side of the small radiating element, the long half-wave for being no more than working frequency points of short side
It is long；The period is no more than the wavelength of working frequency points between each small radiating element；The thickness of small radiating element is no more than 1mm；It is described big
The a length of operation wavelength of the long side of radiating element, width are no more than the half-wavelength of working frequency points；The thickness of large radiation unit is not
More than 1mm；The width and depth in perturbation gap are no more than 1mm.
Coupling gap between the feed waveguide and large radiation unit is rectangular aperture；The length for coupling gap is work
The half of frequency point wavelength, the width for coupling gap are no more than a quarter of working frequency points wavelength.
The present invention also provides a kind of same-frequency duplexing devices simultaneously, using two E-band miniaturization plate aerials as transmitting day
Line and receiving antenna, are integrated in parallel while inside same-frequency duplexing device, and the polarization of transmitting antenna and receiving antenna is orthogonal, hair
The feed mouth for penetrating antenna extends to while same-frequency duplexing device interface constitutes emission port, and receiving antenna feed mouth extends to simultaneously
Same-frequency duplexing device interface constitutes receiving port.
The beneficial effects of the present invention are: the present invention using two width antennas of transmitting-receiving polarization isolation and intrinsic space every
From characteristic, duplex system is constituted.Antenna is easily integrated using miniaturization plate aerial.Lead to since directional aerial belongs to millimeter wave
The necessary device of letter, it is irreplaceable, thus the complexity that duplex system does not increase system is constituted using antenna.The present invention utilizes
The isolation characteristic of antenna, instead of conventional frequency division, tdd systems.This novel duplex system does not need to increase additional pair
Work device improves the integrated level of system, reduces the complexity of system composition.Meanwhile guarantor is utilized compared to frequency division duplex system
It protects frequency range and transceiver insulation is provided, the present invention can effectively improve system to the utilization rate of frequency spectrum resource；Compared to time division duplex system
System provides transceiver insulation using switching group and belongs to a kind of half-duplex form, efficiently utilizes frequency spectrum resource the present invention provides a kind of
Full duplex mode.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is traditional and presents Waveguide slot cell schematics, wherein (a) is top view, (b) is plan view, and 1 represents
Gap is coupled, 2 represent radiating element, and 3 represent feed waveguide.
Fig. 2 is multilayer waveguide slot element schematic diagram proposed by the present invention, wherein (a) is top view, (b) is plan view,
1 represents coupling gap, and 3 represent feed waveguide, and 4 represent the small radiating element in upper layer, and 5 represent lower layer's large radiation unit, and 6 represent perturbation
Gap.
Fig. 3 is that the present invention proposes the feed mouth return loss of unit and do not introduce the return loss contrast schematic diagram of perturbation.
Fig. 4 is composition block diagram proposed by the present invention while same-frequency duplexing device, and 7 represent transmitting antenna, and 8 represent reception day
Line, 9 represent same-frequency duplexing device simultaneously, and 10 represent emission port, and 11 represent receiving port.
Fig. 5 is that the present invention proposes that unit constitutes the illustraton of model of 4*4 linear array, wherein (a) is front elevation, (b) is the back side
Figure.
Fig. 6 is the face E T-section structural schematic diagram, and 12 represent 1 port, and 13 represent 2 ports, and 14 represent 3 ports, and 15 be matching
Structure.
Fig. 7 is the face E T-section port performance schematic diagram.
Fig. 8 is that schematic diagram is lost in the array-fed reflection coefficient of port of the present invention.
Fig. 9 is array gain directional diagram of the present invention.
Figure 10 is present invention design same-frequency duplexing device structural schematic diagram simultaneously, wherein (a) is front elevation, (b) is the back side
Figure, 10 represent emission port, and 11 represent receiving port.
Figure 11 is present invention design same-frequency duplexing device isolation schematic diagram simultaneously.
Figure 12 is duplexer of the present invention and system assembles exemplary diagram, and 9 represent duplexer, and 16 represent complete machine shell, and 17 represent
Transceiver channel circuit, 18 representative antennas covers.
Figure 13 is radiative unit structure dimensional drawing of the present invention.
Specific embodiment
Present invention will be further explained below with reference to the attached drawings and examples, and the present invention includes but are not limited to following implementations
Example.
The present invention design it is a kind of based on and the multilayer waveguide gap array presented, cellular construction is as shown in Figure 2.In order to make to feed
Network is easily achieved, and needs the size of adding unit, but adding unit size simply will cause resonance point to low frequency offset from
And it cannot achieve the matching in working frequency range.In addition, excessive unit size will cause the Severe distortion of directional diagram.In order to overcome
These problems, the present invention design a kind of multilayer radiating element parasitized four small radiating elements on one large radiation unit
Structure.This structure can effectively guarantee the impedance matching in bandwidth of operation and avoid pattern distortion.Large radiation unit is
Rectangular element is located at lower layer, is connect by coupling gap with feed waveguide.Four small radiating elements are located at upper layer, are rectangle,
Outer dimension is identical, constitutes the equidistant rectangular array of a 2*2, is connected directly with the large radiation unit of lower layer.In order to
The standing-wave ratio bandwidth of expanding element, the present invention introduce perturbation in unit surrounding, so as to improve Surface current distribution, realize more wideband
Impedance matching in band.The present invention constitutes perturbation, fine crack by four side center of large radiation unit, respectively opening a rectangle fine crack
Length it is identical as large radiation element thickness.It introduces perturbation and the feed mouth return loss comparison of perturbation is not added as shown in Figure 3.Benefit
Two-dimensional array is constituted with this unit, low section, plate aerial easy of integration can be provided.The element number of forming array depends on
The element number of the antenna gain required for link budget, forming array is more, and the gain of antenna is higher, while the ruler of antenna
It is very little also will be bigger.
According to the basic theories of slot antenna, when designing small radiating element, element length is the half-wavelength of working frequency points,
Cell width is related with required bandwidth, and the more wide then bandwidth of width is wider, but is no more than the half-wavelength of working frequency points.Small radiating element
Between the period (center of adjacent small radiating element away from) be no more than a wavelength, to guarantee the close coupling between unit.Small radiating element
Thickness effect standing-wave ratio matching, but control within 1mm, guarantee it is easy to process.The length of lower layer's large radiation unit is one
A operation wavelength, width is related with bandwidth, but is no more than an operation wavelength, and thickness control is within 1mm.On large radiation unit
Perturbation gap width is narrower, depth is deeper, the influence to surface current is stronger, and width and depth are no more than 1mm.Feed
Coupling gap between waveguide and lower layer's radiating element is rectangular aperture, and the gap thickness is smaller, then couples stronger.Couple gap
Length it is related with working frequency points, be working frequency points wavelength half.The width for coupling gap is related with bandwidth, but is no more than work
Make a quarter of frequency point wavelength.
The present invention utilizes the polarization characteristic and space isolation characteristic of antenna, by means of the low section and Yi Ji of plate aerial
At the advantages that, same-frequency duplexing device while designing a kind of novel can efficiently use frequency spectrum and time resource, transceiver channel is made to exist
Full duplex work is realized in similar frequency bands, high receive-transmit isolation is provided for system, is a kind of antenna to be integrated in duplexer
Internal novel duplexer form, as shown in Figure 4.Dual-mode antenna is integrated in inside duplexer in parallel, the polarization shape of two width antennas
Formula guarantee is orthogonal, and if transmitting antenna uses horizontal polarization, receiving antenna uses vertical antenna.Here it only needs to guarantee polarization orthogonal
, transmitting antenna vertical polarization, receiving antenna horizontal polarization also can be used；Or two width antenna with positive and negative 45 degree of polarization side
Formula is orthogonal.Transmitting antenna feed mouth extends to composition emission port at module interface, and receiving antenna feed mouth extends to module and connects
Receiving port is constituted at mouthful, measures the transceiver insulation that the isolation between two ports is duplexer.Constitute the unit of antenna
Number is more, and the gain of antenna is bigger, then the space isolation between two width antennas also will be bigger；The interval of two width antennas is bigger, then day
Space isolation between line is also bigger.Space isolation between antenna is bigger, then the transceiver insulation between duplexer transmitting-receiving port also will
It is bigger.
Radiating element is designed according to theory and principle described in summary of the invention, by optimization, each structure size is as shown in figure 13.
Wherein, a_wg=3.0988mm, b_wg=1.5494mm, L_cp=2.3mm, w_cp=0.7mm, h_cp=0.1mm, L_low
=7.4mm, w_low=6.9mm, h_low=0.7mm, L_up=2.7mm, w_up=2.3mm, h_up=1mm, w_int=
0.8mm, h_int=0.5mm.
Using unit form proposed by the invention, the 4*4 linear array an of plane is constituted, electromagnetic simulation model is such as
Shown in Fig. 5.Array sizes are 28mm*30mm*3.3mm.
Feed waveguide uses standard waveguide flange WR12, constitutes power splitter using the face E T-section, is designed based on this power splitter
Feeding network, as shown in Figure 6.Its port performance is as shown in fig. 7, return loss S11 < -22dB.
Designed array reaches expected requirement, reflection coefficient of port loss as shown in figure 8, in 71-76GHz frequency range S11
<-10dB；Its gain pattern is as shown in figure 9, gain 22dBi, the first minor level -14dBc.
Using the 4*4 array, duplexer is constituted according to Fig. 4 block diagram, diplexer structure schematic diagram is as shown in Figure 10, duplexer
Having a size of 63mm*30mm*4mm.Transceiver insulation is emulated, within the scope of working frequency range 71-76GHz, transceiver insulation is greater than
90dB (S21 < -90dB), as shown in figure 11.
Duplexer and machine assembly brief example are as shown in figure 12.Complete machine is by shell, transceiver channel, duplexer, antenna house
Composition.Transceiver channel works in same frequency range, does not need reserved frequency or temporal protection interval.Transceiver channel circuit wave guide
Interface is connect with duplexer by standard flange, and the two stacking is installed in complete machine shell.The integrated transmitting-receiving combining of the duplexer is received
The functions such as hair isolation and antenna, simplify the component relationship of complete machine.Directly using antenna house as upper cover plate, with complete machine shell
Closed installation reduces main screw lift, constitutes the high front end system of integrated level.
Claims (2)
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| CN108321478B (en) * | 2018-03-23 | 2019-11-15 | 华南理工大学 | A duplexer composed of four resonant cavities based on waveguide feeding |
| CN109411878A (en) * | 2018-10-18 | 2019-03-01 | 漆宏 | The radiating element of antenna and array antenna with it |
| WO2021000098A1 (en) * | 2019-06-29 | 2021-01-07 | 瑞声声学科技(深圳)有限公司 | Antenna and electronic device |
| WO2022170516A1 (en) * | 2021-02-09 | 2022-08-18 | 华为技术有限公司 | Information transmission method and device therefor |
Citations (3)
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| US6133882A (en) * | 1997-12-22 | 2000-10-17 | Her Majesty The Queen In Right Of Canada, As Represented By The Minister Of Industry Through Communications Research Centre | Multiple parasitic coupling to an outer antenna patch element from inner patch elements |
| CN101291166A (en) * | 2007-04-20 | 2008-10-22 | 韩燕� | Multi-antenna radio transmitting and receiving method and device |
| CN103746192A (en) * | 2014-01-17 | 2014-04-23 | 福州福大北斗通信科技有限公司 | First-generation Compass/second-generation Compass B1/GPS (Global Positioning System) multisystem-compatible navigation antenna |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| KR100297561B1 (en) * | 1997-02-26 | 2001-10-24 | 박종섭 | Microstrip array antenna using waveguide feeding |
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Patent Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US6133882A (en) * | 1997-12-22 | 2000-10-17 | Her Majesty The Queen In Right Of Canada, As Represented By The Minister Of Industry Through Communications Research Centre | Multiple parasitic coupling to an outer antenna patch element from inner patch elements |
| CN101291166A (en) * | 2007-04-20 | 2008-10-22 | 韩燕� | Multi-antenna radio transmitting and receiving method and device |
| CN103746192A (en) * | 2014-01-17 | 2014-04-23 | 福州福大北斗通信科技有限公司 | First-generation Compass/second-generation Compass B1/GPS (Global Positioning System) multisystem-compatible navigation antenna |
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