CN106403093A - Heat pump air conditioning system, heat exchanger and control method of heat pump air conditioning system - Google Patents
Heat pump air conditioning system, heat exchanger and control method of heat pump air conditioning system Download PDFInfo
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- CN106403093A CN106403093A CN201510459128.9A CN201510459128A CN106403093A CN 106403093 A CN106403093 A CN 106403093A CN 201510459128 A CN201510459128 A CN 201510459128A CN 106403093 A CN106403093 A CN 106403093A
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- 238000004378 air conditioning Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 49
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 49
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 154
- 238000011144 upstream manufacturing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 21
- 238000010257 thawing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 claims description 36
- 230000008676 import Effects 0.000 claims description 5
- 230000005611 electricity Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- FFEZGPKGGQWAER-UHFFFAOYSA-N bearline Natural products C1CC(OC)C2(C3C4OC)C5CC(C(C6)OC(C)=O)C(O)C5C6(O)C4(O)C2N(CC)CC31COC(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1N1C(=O)CC(C)C1=O FFEZGPKGGQWAER-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- 239000003507 refrigerant Substances 0.000 abstract description 9
- 238000012544 monitoring process Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 12
- 230000005484 gravity Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000001704 evaporation Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000012546 transfer Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000008054 signal transmission Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000012795 verification Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001419 dependent effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008020 evaporation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 1
- PIRWNASAJNPKHT-SHZATDIYSA-N pamp Chemical compound C([C@@H](C(=O)N[C@@H](CCCNC(N)=N)C(=O)N[C@@H](CCCCN)C(=O)N[C@@H](CCCCN)C(=O)N[C@@H](CC=1C2=CC=CC=C2NC=1)C(=O)N[C@@H](CC(N)=O)C(=O)N[C@@H](CCCCN)C(=O)N[C@@H](CC=1C2=CC=CC=C2NC=1)C(=O)N[C@@H](C)C(=O)N[C@@H](CC(C)C)C(=O)N[C@@H](CO)C(=O)N[C@@H](CCCNC(N)=N)C(N)=O)NC(=O)[C@H](CCC(O)=O)NC(=O)[C@H](CO)NC(=O)[C@H](C)NC(=O)[C@@H](NC(=O)[C@H](CC(O)=O)NC(=O)[C@H](CC(C)C)NC(=O)[C@H](CCCNC(N)=N)NC(=O)[C@H](C)N)C(C)C)C1=CC=CC=C1 PIRWNASAJNPKHT-SHZATDIYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000005057 refrigeration Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
- F24F—AIR-CONDITIONING; AIR-HUMIDIFICATION; VENTILATION; USE OF AIR CURRENTS FOR SCREENING
- F24F5/00—Air-conditioning systems or apparatus not covered by F24F1/00 or F24F3/00, e.g. using solar heat or combined with household units such as an oven or water heater
- F24F5/0007—Air-conditioning systems or apparatus not covered by F24F1/00 or F24F3/00, e.g. using solar heat or combined with household units such as an oven or water heater cooling apparatus specially adapted for use in air-conditioning
- F24F5/001—Compression cycle type
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
- F25B47/00—Arrangements for preventing or removing deposits or corrosion, not provided for in another subclass
- F25B47/02—Defrosting cycles
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Thermal Sciences (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Sustainable Development (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Air Conditioning Control Device (AREA)
- Air-Conditioning For Vehicles (AREA)
Abstract
The embodiment of the invention provides a heat pump air conditioning system which comprises a heat exchanger, a first sensor, a second sensor and an air conditioning controller. The first sensor is arranged on the upstream side, relatively close to the refrigerant flowing direction of the heat exchanger, of a first gas-liquid boundary; the second sensor is arranged on the other side, relatively close to an outlet, of the first gas-liquid boundary and located at the corresponding position of a gas-liquid boundary, namely the second gas-liquid boundary corresponding to a preset bearable heat exchanger frost extreme position; and the air conditioning controller determines whether the frosting area of the heat exchanger reaches the preset frosting extreme position or not according to the signals sent from the first sensor and the second sensor, and makes the heat pump air conditioning system to conduct deforesting treatment if it is judged that the frosting area of the heat exchanger reaches the preset frosting extreme position. In addition, the invention further discloses the heat exchanger of the heat pump air conditioning system and a control method of the heat pump air conditioning system. According to the heat pump air conditioning system, the heat exchanger and the control method of the heat pump air conditioning system, defrosting treatment can be effectively started through monitoring on frosting conditions of the heat pump air conditioning system.
Description
【Technical field】
The present invention relates to a kind of heat pump type air conditioning system, heat exchanger and its control method, it is applied particularly to heat pump empty
Tune field.
【Background technology】
At present, in general heat pump air conditioner, its defrosting strategy is that heat pump core body operates one section as evaporimeter
After the time (Ts) setting, it is forced into defrost program, not the process of frosting detection.But,
The factor that impact frost is formed has a lot, environment temperature and humidity, evaporating temperature, air quantity, speed etc..
During realizing the present invention, in the case that one or more factors of aforesaid factor change,
The speed that frost is formed all may be different, therefore when setting time Ts reaches, due to not detected
Frosting and be directly entered defrosting program, when therefore more be probably：(1) frost seldom or does not at all have,
But have been started up defrosting program.(2) frost is very serious, but also not actuated entrance defrosting program.
【Content of the invention】
The embodiment of the present invention provides a kind of heat pump type air conditioning system, heat exchanger and control method, with by detection
The frosting situation of heat pump air conditioner come to start defrosting process.
The first aspect of the embodiment of the present invention provides a kind of heat pump type air conditioning system, including：
Including heat exchanger, first sensor and second sensor, air-conditioner controller；
Under the state that heats, described heat exchanger uses as evaporimeter, and described heat exchanger has system cooperation
The corresponding frosting line of demarcation of heat exchanger frosting extreme position that can bear；The cold-producing medium of described heat exchanger is not
With being formed with gas-liquid line of demarcation between existence, described gas-liquid line of demarcation includes described heat exchanger not to be had
The first gas-liquid line of demarcation under frosting state and corresponding with the default heat exchanger frosting extreme position that can bear
The second gas-liquid line of demarcation, the second gas-liquid line of demarcation correspond to heat exchanger frosting degree reach frosting boundary
The gas-liquid line of demarcation of cold-producing medium during line；The different existences of described cold-producing medium are that gas-liquid coexisting state is gentle
State；Described heat exchanger includes at least one import and one outlet, the cold-producing medium of described gas-liquid coexisting state
Positioned at the upstream side of the relatively close cold-producing medium flow direction in the first gas-liquid line of demarcation, described gaseous cold-producing medium
Positioned at the relatively close outlet side in the first gas-liquid line of demarcation；
Described first sensor and second sensor are arranged on the diverse location of described heat exchanger；
Described first sensor is arranged on the cold-producing medium stream of the relatively close described heat exchanger in the first gas-liquid line of demarcation
The upstream side in dynamic direction is located at the cold-producing medium opposite position of gas-liquid coexisting state, described second sensor
It is arranged on the opposite side of the relatively close outlet in the first gas-liquid line of demarcation and be located at the default heat exchanger that can bear
Gas-liquid line of demarcation the second gas-liquid line of demarcation opposite position during frosting extreme position；Or described first
Sensor is arranged on the upstream side of the cold-producing medium flow direction of the relatively close described heat exchanger in frosting line of demarcation,
Described second sensor is arranged on frosting line of demarcation during the default heat exchanger frosting extreme position that can bear
Opposite position；
Air-conditioner controller, according to the signal of described first sensor and second sensor, determines described heat exchanger
Frosting area whether reach default frosting extreme position, and after being judged as YES, make described heat pump empty
Adjusting system carries out defrosting process；And after being judged as NO, described heat pump type air conditioning system does not carry out defrosting process.
Accordingly, the second aspect of the embodiment of the present invention provides a kind of heat exchanger of heat pump type air conditioning system, bag
Include：
Described heat exchanger can use as evaporimeter in described heat pump type air conditioning system, and described heat exchanger is being made
There is when using for evaporimeter gas-liquid line of demarcation, described heat exchanger has the heat exchanger that system cooperation can be born
Frosting extreme position corresponding frosting line of demarcation；Described gas-liquid line of demarcation includes described heat exchanger and is not tying
The first gas-liquid line of demarcation under white state and corresponding with the default heat exchanger frosting extreme position that can bear
Second gas-liquid line of demarcation, the frosting degree that the second gas-liquid line of demarcation corresponds to heat exchanger reaches frosting line of demarcation
When cold-producing medium gas-liquid line of demarcation；
Described heat exchanger includes exchanger body, and described exchanger body includes the back of the body opposite with air-flow direction
Wind face, described heat exchanger also includes first sensor and the second sensor being arranged on described lee face,
Described first sensor and second sensor are arranged on the diverse location of described heat exchanger；
Described first sensor, second sensor are temperature sensor, and described first sensor is arranged on first
The upstream side of the cold-producing medium flow direction of the relatively close described heat exchanger in gas-liquid line of demarcation coexists positioned at gas-liquid
The cold-producing medium opposite position of state, it is relatively close that described second sensor is arranged on the first gas-liquid line of demarcation
Outlet opposite side and be located at default can bear heat exchanger frosting extreme position when gas-liquid line of demarcation
Second gas-liquid line of demarcation opposite position；Or described first sensor, second sensor sense for wind speed
Device, the frosting that described first sensor is arranged on during the default heat exchanger frosting extreme position that can bear divides
Boundary line opposite position, described second sensor is arranged on described heat exchanger relatively close in frosting line of demarcation
The downstream of cold-producing medium flow direction or upstream side.
The heat pump air conditioner control method that the third aspect of the embodiment of the present invention provides, comprises the steps：
Preset gas-liquid line of demarcation on heat exchangers, described default gas-liquid line of demarcation includes not having frosting state
Under the first gas-liquid line of demarcation and second gas-liquid line of demarcation corresponding with the frosting extreme position that system can be born；
Described first sensor, second sensor are temperature sensor,
First sensor is arranged on the upstream side of the relatively close cold-producing medium flow direction in the first gas-liquid line of demarcation,
Described second sensor is arranged on the first gas-liquid marginal opposite side and is located at described default can bear
The corresponding second gas-liquid line of demarcation correspondence position of frosting extreme position；
Air-conditioner controller, according to the signal of described first sensor and second sensor, determines that frosting area is
The default frosting extreme position of no arrival.
Compared with prior art, one of them is made in first sensor, second sensor to be arranged on system institute
The corresponding position of the frosting extreme position that can bear, and judge whether to need by the change of this sensor
Want defrost, when such air-conditioning system can pass through to monitor frosting situation, to realize effectively defrosting.
【Brief description】
Fig. 1 is the schematic diagram that embodiment of the present invention heat pump type air conditioning system part of module connects；
Fig. 2 a-2b is of heat pump type air conditioning system first sensor and second sensor in the embodiment of the present invention
A kind of arrangement schematic diagram；
Fig. 3 is first sensor and second sensor second in heat pump type air conditioning system in the embodiment of the present invention
Arrangement schematic diagram；
Fig. 4 is the first company of two sensors of heat pump type air conditioning system and air-conditioner controller in the embodiment of the present invention
Connect schematic diagram；
Fig. 5 is that in the embodiment of the present invention, two sensors of heat pump type air conditioning system and air-conditioner controller second connect
Connect schematic diagram；
Fig. 6 is first sensor and the second sensor of the third embodiment of heat pump type air conditioning system of the present invention
Schematic diagram；
Fig. 7 is a kind of heat exchanger gas-liquid line of demarcation of multipaths of the embodiment of the present invention and the distribution of normal is shown
It is intended to；
Fig. 8 is the gas-liquid line of demarcation of embodiment of the present invention second multithread pass heat exchanger and the distribution of normal is shown
It is intended to；
Fig. 9 is the schematic diagram of a heat exchanger of embodiment of the present invention heat pump；
Figure 10 is a kind of schematic flow sheet of embodiment of the inventive method.
【Specific embodiment】
The invention will be further described with specific embodiment below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.
It should be noted that the heat pump type air conditioning system in the embodiment of the present invention both can be applicable to automobile heat pump air conditioner
It is also possible to apply in family expenses heat pump type air conditioning system in system.Below to apply in automobile heat pump air conditioner system
Illustrate as a example system.
With reference to Fig. 1, this figure is in the embodiment of the present invention, the signal that heat pump type air conditioning system system part of module connects
Figure.
As shown in figure 1, the automotive air-conditioning system of this embodiment includes first sensor 11, second sensor
12nd, controller 13 and heat exchanger 14；
Under the state that heats, heat exchanger 14 uses as evaporimeter, its internal flow cold-producing medium not
With being formed with gas-liquid line of demarcation between existence, gas-liquid line of demarcation includes heat exchanger 14 is not having frosting shape
The first gas-liquid line of demarcation under state and with the default heat exchanger frosting extreme position corresponding second that can bear
Gas-liquid line of demarcation, the different existences of described cold-producing medium are gas-liquid coexisting state and gaseous state；Described heat exchange
Device includes at least one import and one outlet, and the cold-producing medium of described gas-liquid coexisting state is located at the first gas-liquid
The upstream side of line of demarcation relatively close cold-producing medium flow direction, described gaseous cold-producing medium is located at the first gas-liquid
The relatively close outlet side in line of demarcation；
Need explanation, heat pump type air conditioning system has different heat exchangers, the heat exchanger mentioned in the present embodiment
For outdoor heat exchanger, heat exchanger can be the multithread pass heat exchanger of single-pass heat exchanger or at least two flow processs.
It should be understood that Vehicular heat pump system has multiple-working mode, in different mode of operation heat exchangers
Function is different, and outdoor heat exchanger uses as evaporimeter in heating mode, and in refrigeration mode
Use as condenser or cooler.When heat exchanger is as evaporimeter, some regions cold-producing medium is in gaseous state
The state coexisting with liquid, this regional temperature is than relatively low referred to as two-phase section；Some regions cold-producing medium is in
Overheated gaseous state, temperature is relatively high, and this region becomes overheated zone.Two-phase section and overheated zone point
Boundary line, defined in this specification be " gas-liquid line of demarcation ", the temperature of two-phase section than overheated zone temperature relatively
Lower.Gas-liquid line of demarcation is not unalterable, can change with the change of heat exchanger state,
Extend with heat exchanger use time, gas-liquid line of demarcation can be with the increase of frosting degree, progressively to outlet
Direction is moved.
First sensor 11 and second sensor 12 are arranged on the diverse location of heat exchanger 14, the first sensing
Device 11 is arranged on the upstream side of the cold-producing medium flow direction of the relatively close heat exchanger 14 in the first gas-liquid line of demarcation
It is located at the cold-producing medium opposite position of gas-liquid coexisting state, described second sensor is arranged on the first gas-liquid
The opposite side of the relatively close outlet in line of demarcation, and be located at and the default heat exchanger frosting limit position that can bear
Put the second corresponding gas-liquid line of demarcation position.
When implementing, heat exchanger 14 can be single-pass heat exchanger；In addition can also be at least two streams
The multithread pass heat exchanger of journey, now first sensor 11 and the second heat exchanger 12 are arranged at relatively close institute
The flow process stating outlet is a last flow process of cold-producing medium, first sensor 11 and 12, the second heat exchanger
The length perpendicular to cold-producing medium flow direction in the flow process of the relatively close described outlet of heat exchanger 14
Middle 1/2nd scopes, first sensor 11 second sensor 12 relatively is away from the outlet of heat exchanger 14
Position, second sensor 12 first sensor 11 relatively is near the position of described heat exchanger exit.
In heating mode, as evaporimeter heat exchanger can with evaporation time, may slowly frosting,
In Frost formation process, frost is typically first formed from the relatively low region of temperature, therefore first coexists from refrigerant air-liquid
Two-phase section in the minimum region of temperature start, that is, from two-phase section closest to from the beginning of the position of refrigerant inlet
Frosting.And when reaching certain time, the area of two-phase section frosting subregion accounts for whole heat exchanger area and reaches
After to a certain extent, heat transfer effect can substantially reduce, and the gas-liquid two-phase cold-producing medium in two-phase section originally is not
Again can evaporating completely so that overheated zone reduces, that is, gas-liquid line of demarcation to overheated zone migrate.To sum up, frosting
Process along with gas-liquid line of demarcation from two-phase section to overheated zone migrate.
Need explanation, the windward side described in the present embodiment is the plane in face of wind flow direction for the heat exchanger,
Relative, the another side relative with windward side of heat exchanger is lee face.
First sensor 11 position is two-phase section, and its temperature is relatively low, and second sensor is located
Position is overheated zone at the beginning, and over time, it moves closer to two-phase section, and so it senses with first
The temperature difference of device can less and less or even temperature essentially identical.Air-conditioner controller 14 is according to first sensor 11
And the signal of second sensor 12, determine whether the frosting area of heat exchanger 14 reaches default frosting pole
Extreme position, and after being judged as YES, make described heat pump type air conditioning system carry out defrosting process；And be judged as
After no, described heat pump type air conditioning system does not carry out defrosting process, specifically can be by first sensor 11 and second
The signal transmission of sensor 12, to air-conditioner controller, is judged by air-conditioner controller.Or can be by
The signal transmission of one sensor 11 and second sensor 12 is to the controller of vehicle, air-conditioner controller 13
Receive the information that vehicle control device comes, and defrosting operation is carried out according to the signal receiving or does not operate.
It should be noted that " first ", " second " specifically described herein is only for being discriminated from, and
No other specific meanings.
Illustrate below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, heat exchanger is single-pass heat exchanger, reference Fig. 2 a, Fig. 2 b, wherein
LL represents that heat pump heat exchanger does not have gas-liquid line of demarcation the first gas-liquid line of demarcation during frosting, LG location
Domain representation two-phase section, SG region represents overheated zone, and AL represents that heat exchanger arranges first sensor
Position, first sensor is arranged on two-phase section along heat exchanger length direction heat exchanger header lengths in other words
/ 2nd positions of the centre in direction, do not go near the setting of heat exchanger two side position, BL table
Show that heat exchanger arranges the position of second sensor, second sensor is arranged on overheated during heat exchanger frost-free
Area, and near the second gas-liquid line of demarcation；DL is frosting region and non-frosting region line of demarcation substantially,
It is " frosting line of demarcation " defined in the embodiment of the present invention, in fact frosting region and non-frosting region are possible to
Boundary will not be so clearly demarcated, and line of demarcation is probably straight line is also likely to be curve, specifically can be with system and heat exchange
Device is related, and can be drawn by verification experimental verification；LL ' is gas to overheated zone after mobile for the gas-liquid line of demarcation
Liquid line of demarcation；There were significant differences for the AL point and BL point temperature in frost-free, and reason is to be respectively at two
Phase region and overheated zone, that is, AL point temperature is lower than BL point temperature.When heat pump heat exchanger is transported as evaporimeter
During row, import is the low-temperature refrigerant of two phases, and air-flow direction is approximately perpendicular to paper.
During normal operation, when initially forming when frost and reaching certain frosting area through certain time, gas-liquid is divided
Boundary line moves to overheated zone, i.e. LL '.Now LL ' goes just past BL point so that AL and BL locates
In in two-phase section, known by the characteristic that two-phase section gas-liquid coexists, the temperature of AL point and BL point becomes big
Cause equal.
So by comparing AL point temperature height relative with BL point temperature it can be determined that the degree of frosting.
Specifically, when AL point temperature is detected and being lower than BL point temperature, judge that heat pump heat exchanger does not have frosting
Or frosting is not seriously that BL point also do not crossed by gas-liquid separation line；When AL point and BL point is detected
When temperature becomes roughly equal it can be determined that gas-liquid line of demarcation LL ' goes just past BL point, and that is, two-phase section is firm
Good cover AL point and BL point simultaneously, may determine that the position of frosting line of demarcation DL simultaneously that is to say, that
May determine that the size in frosting region.In the present embodiment, roughly equal refer to a default temperature difference,
This default value is optional, such as 0.5K or 1K.
When implementing, the position of above-mentioned AL point and BL point is also dependent on the system of specific heat pump heat exchanger
Cryogen distribution and Temperature Distribution are determined, and with reference to Fig. 3, this figure is heat pump air conditioner in the embodiment of the present invention
First sensor and second sensor second arrangement schematic diagram in system.LL0, LL1, LL2 ... are
With the gas-liquid line of demarcation distribution of heat pamp passage, that is, the marginal track of gas-liquid (cluster).FL1、
FL2, FL3 ... are the normals of above-mentioned gas-liquid line of demarcation cluster.It is to be understood that：LL0、LL1、LL2
It is to be determined by the design of set heat pump heat exchanger etc. the normal cluster such as gas-liquid line of demarcation cluster and FL1, FL2, FL3
Fixed；Different heat pump heat exchangers, gas-liquid line of demarcation cluster and normal cluster simultaneously differ, and they need to pass through
Analysis is simulated to heat pump heat exchanger itself or experimental calibration to be found out, will not be described here.
AL point and BL point, can be arranged on same normal, illustrate, the FL2 in such as Fig. 3.
LL0 has just started working for heat pump heat exchanger the gas-liquid line of demarcation of the working condition not having frosting, and that is,
One gas-liquid line of demarcation.AL point must fall and in the two-phase section on LL0 one side near inlet header be in other words
The side setting of import.
LL2 is the gas-liquid line of demarcation that heat pump heat exchanger frosting degree is system acceptable most serious is the
Two gas-liquid lines of demarcation, particular location can pass through experimental calibration, and same parallel operation may wanting with system
The change of difference and system is asked to change.It will be understood that：Second gas-liquid boundary line position LL2 is air-conditioning
The design of system itself determines, this position can pass through sunykatuib analysis by designer or experimental calibration is true
Fixed.
Thermistor, such as negative temperature can be adopted when first sensor and second sensor implement
Coefficient resistance (NTC) or positive temperature coefficient resistor, output signal can be using voltage signal or electric current letter
Number.So that NTC, output signal are as voltage signal as a example illustrate below.
As Fig. 4, shown in Fig. 2 b, Fig. 4 is two sensors of heat pump type air conditioning system and air-conditioner controller first
Plant connected mode schematic diagram, the first sensor 13 of AL point and the second sensor 14 of BL point are gone here and there
It is associated between reference voltage Vref and voltage ground G, reference voltage Vref and voltage ground G are by heat pump air conditioner
Controller ECU provides.Voltage between first sensor 13 and second sensor is as feedback voltage V x
It is connected to the one of port of controller (ECU).When gas-liquid separation line does not also cross BL point, AL ratio
BL temperature is low, is known that AL resistance ratio BL resistance is big by the characteristic of negative tempperature coefficient thermistor.
The voltage of measurement voltage output end Vx is it should there be Vx<1/2Vref.When BL point is crossed in gas-liquid line of demarcation,
AL resistance and BL resistance roughly equal it should there be Vx ≈ 1/2Vref.In practical application, it is possible to use
One coefficient f, works as Vx<F Vref, judges not needing to defrost, and as Vx=f Vref, judges that needs are carried out
Defrosting.F carries out Experimental Calibration according to a specific heat pump heat exchanger, scope can 0.2～0.5,
Specifically can need to test and set according to system.
In addition AL and BL can also be exchanged the position in Fig. 2 a, Fig. 2 b, be drawn similar
Conclusion, simply works as Vx>F Vref, judges not needing to defrost.Here do not repeat.
The situation being equally applicable to shown in Fig. 3 described above, the gas-liquid line of demarcation in order to detect reality is
The no near intersections having reached LL2, BL point being placed on FL2 and LL2, as Vx=f Vref
(referring to Fig. 3), judge needs defrosted, that is, think gas-liquid line of demarcation from normal LL0 position by
Need to defrost when frosting moves to LL2 position.
Can realize detecting different frosting degree by the position of mobile BL point and whether realize
Need the control of defrost.If system reduces it is believed that affecting heat pump heat exchanger for the tolerance of frosting
The marginal position of gas-liquid during heat transfer effect is LL1, then second sensor can be arranged on LL1
Position, as shown in Figure 3.If increased to the tolerance of frosting, and frequent defrost is overall to system
Efficiency is unfavorable, and the marginal position of gas-liquid during impact heat pump heat exchanger heat transfer effect is scheduled on LL3,
Then second sensor can be arranged on the near intersections of FL2 and LL3.
With reference to Fig. 5, this figure is two sensors and the air-conditioner controller second of heat pump type air conditioning system
Connected mode schematic diagram.Air-conditioner controller 15 has two ports to connect the first sensing of AL point respectively
Device 13 and the second sensor 14 of BL point.Feedback voltage V a of first sensor, second sensor
Feedback voltage be Vb.When BL point also do not crossed by gas-liquid separation line, AL is lower than BL temperature, by
The characteristic of negative tempperature coefficient thermistor is known that the electricity of first sensor resistance ratio second sensor
Resistance is big.Air-conditioner controller 15 measures and compares the voltage of two ports (Va, Vb) it should have
Va>Vb, judges not needing to defrost.When gas-liquid separation line reaches or crosses BL point, first sensor
Resistance and second sensor resistance roughly equal it should there be Va ≈ Vb, judge needs defrosted,
This refers to the essentially identical situation of two sensors, if two sensor parameters differences, judges bar
Part also needs respective change.In practical application, it is possible to use a coefficient f ', work as Vx>F ' Vb, sentences
Determine not needing to defrost, work as Vx=f ' Vb, judge that needs are defrosted.F ' is according to a specific warm
Pump heat exchanger carry out Experimental Calibration, scope can be 0.8～1.2.
Above-mentioned be with sensor as negative temperature coefficient resister, sensor enters as a example being output as voltage signal
The explanation of row, in addition, this sensor can also adopt air velocity transducer, with reference to Fig. 6, AL ' point with
It is air velocity transducer that BL ' point position places sensor respectively.DL is that system is allowed for frosting line of demarcation
The line of demarcation of the extreme position of frosting, AL ' is in the position at frosting frosting line of demarcation place, BL ' place
Region in the marginal relatively close outlet of frosting.During beginning, two positions all do not have frost, wind speed
Relatively all higher, with the increase of frosting degree, when frosting degree reaches the frosting in sight boundary of AL ' institute
During line position, because frost can stop air flow, the wind speed at therefore AL ' point than BL ' point at
Wind speed significantly little.Therefore decision logic is：If the wind speed substantially phase that AL ' point and BL ' put
Deng, judge be not required to defrost；If the wind speed that AL ' puts is substantially less than the wind speed that BL ' puts, show frosting
Line of demarcation goes just past AL ' point, and judgement system needs to be defrosted.AL ' point and BL ' point can be located
Same normal position in DL line cluster.In addition second sensor can also be placed on frosting marginal
Be relatively distant from the region of outlet, so, when at the beginning, two sensors all do not have frosting, and with when
Between prolongation, the frosting of first sensor position, so there is the difference of wind speed between the two, and with
Time extends further, second sensor position and start frosting, at this moment wind speed is more and more between the two
Close, at this moment program be can be set as：From bringing into operation, and exist between two sensors poor
When different and then further equal or close, judge that needs defrost, as long as these enter in a program
Row controls.It is preferably provided with a certain distance but apart from again not too big, such as between two sensors
Can make between the two along cold-producing medium flow direction distance account for heat exchanger width ratio 1/4
Below.Here the size of the heat exchanger along cold-producing medium flow direction that the width of heat exchanger refers to be.And pin
Heat exchanger to multipaths, two sensors are in last flow process i.e. in the flow process of outlet,
And this two sensors are distributed in centre 1/2nd model of the length perpendicular to cold-producing medium flow direction
Enclose, and between two sensors the cold-producing medium flow direction of place flow process apart from last flow process system
The ratio of the distance of cryogen flow direction is below 1/4.
By changing the position that AL ' point is the first air velocity transducer, knot during triggering defrosting can be changed
The threshold value that frosting amasss.
The flow direction of the heat exchanger refrigerant described in above-described embodiment and flow process have had no and particularly will
Ask, no matter cold-producing medium is also perpendicular to gravity direction flowing parallel to gravity direction flowing, either single
Flow process or multipaths.It is illustrated that cold-producing medium flow direction is roughly parallel to gravity direction with reference to Fig. 7
A kind of multithread pass heat exchanger schematic diagram；Fig. 8 is illustrated that cold-producing medium flow direction is approximately perpendicular to
A kind of multithread pass heat exchanger schematic diagram of gravity direction.
As Fig. 7, flow process N is last flow process, and it is normal that LL0 is still defined as heat pump heat exchanger
Work does not have gas-liquid line of demarcation the first gas-liquid line of demarcation during frosting, and LLx can connect for heat pump heat exchanger
Gas-liquid line of demarcation the second gas-liquid line of demarcation during the limit frosting degree being subject to.
If Fig. 8 flow process N is last flow process, LL0 is still defined as heat pump heat exchanger normal work
The gas-liquid line of demarcation not having frosting is the first gas-liquid line of demarcation, and LLx is the acceptable pole of heat pump heat exchanger
Gas-liquid line of demarcation the second gas-liquid line of demarcation during limit frosting degree；
Either the example of Fig. 7 or Fig. 8 is it can be seen that first sensor and second sensor are along gas
The marginal same normal setting of liquid, and first sensor and second sensor are located at last flow process
The centre 1/2nd perpendicular to refrigerant flow direction total length in the range of, that is, as last flow process
Heat exchanger length be l, heat exchanger be three flow processs, then heat exchanger total length be 3l, and first sensing
Device and second sensor are arranged at last flow process i.e. near an operation length direction of outlet
Centre position, the length in this centre position accounts for the 1/2 of this operation length, and length direction is perpendicular to system
Cryogen flow direction.
In addition, above-described embodiment is applied to the type of flow of various heat pump heat exchangers, no matter being cold-producing medium
Outlet with refrigerant inlet in same afflux tube side, or refrigerant outlet from refrigerant inlet different
Afflux tube side.
Below the heat exchanger of the present invention is illustrated, with reference to Fig. 9, this figure is that one kind of heat exchanger is shown
It is intended to.Heat exchanger includes exchanger body 111, first sensor 112 and second sensor 113, the
One sensor 112 and second sensor 113 are arranged on the substantially lee face position of heat exchanger, the first biography
Sensor 112 is arranged on the side being relatively distant from heat exchanger 111 outlet, and second sensor 113 is arranged on
The opposite side of relatively close heat exchanger 111 outlet in the first gas-liquid line of demarcation 114, and it is located at default energy
The gas-liquid line of demarcation corresponding to frosting extreme position born is corresponding to the second gas-liquid line of demarcation 115
Position.Wherein first gas-liquid line of demarcation is the gas-liquid line of demarcation not having under frosting state, the second gas-liquid
Line of demarcation 115 is the default frosting extreme position corresponding gas-liquid line of demarcation that can bear.First sensing
Device 112 and second sensor 113 can adopt thermistor, such as positive temperature coefficient resistor or negative temperature
Coefficient resistance；Connected mode between first sensor 112 and second sensor 113 can adopt in parallel
Or the connected mode of series connection, as shown in Figure 4, Figure 5.
First sensor 112 and second sensor 113 can be directly inserted in the heat exchange wing of outdoor heat exchanger
Between piece, promptly fixed by the extruding force between heat exchange fin.
First sensor 112 and second sensor 113 can first be fixed on fixed support, fixing
Frame is fixed between the heat exchange fin of outdoor heat exchanger again, by the extruding force between heat exchange fin Lai real
Now fix.Now, first sensor 112 and second sensor 113 should be at the back of the body of outdoor heat exchanger
Wind side.
The outlet of the cold-producing medium of heat exchanger and entrance can be in homonymy or not homonymies.
The control method of above-described embodiment is described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, with reference to Figure 10, this figure is controlling party
The schematic flow sheet of method embodiment.
As shown in Figure 10, control method comprises the steps：
Step S11, presets gas-liquid line of demarcation, described default gas-liquid line of demarcation includes not having on heat exchangers
Have the first gas-liquid line of demarcation under frosting state and with and the frosting extreme position corresponding that can bear of system
Two gas-liquid lines of demarcation；Or preset frosting line of demarcation on heat exchangers；
Step S12, first sensor is arranged on the relatively close cold-producing medium flowing of the first gas-liquid line of demarcation
The upstream side in direction, described second sensor is arranged on the marginal opposite side of the first gas-liquid and is located at institute
State the corresponding second gas-liquid line of demarcation correspondence position of the default frosting extreme position that can bear；Or will
First sensor is arranged on position corresponding to frosting line of demarcation, and described second sensor is arranged on frosting
Marginal opposite side is the position of relatively close described heat exchanger exit side；
Step S13, air-conditioner controller, according to the signal of first sensor and second sensor, determines knot
Frosting amasss whether reach default frosting extreme position.
It should be noted that：Above example is merely to illustrate the present invention and not limits skill described in the invention
Art scheme, although this specification has been carried out describing in detail with reference to the above embodiments, ability
Domain it is to be appreciated by one skilled in the art that person of ordinary skill in the field still can be real to the present invention
Apply example to modify or equivalent, and all are without departing from the technical scheme of the spirit and scope of the present invention
And its improve, all should cover within the scope of the present invention.
Claims (12)
1. a kind of heat pump type air conditioning system, including heat exchanger, first sensor and second sensor, air-conditioning control
Device processed；
Under the state that heats, described heat exchanger uses as evaporimeter, and described heat exchanger has system cooperation
The corresponding frosting line of demarcation of heat exchanger frosting extreme position that can bear；The cold-producing medium of described heat exchanger is not
With being formed with gas-liquid line of demarcation between existence, described gas-liquid line of demarcation includes described heat exchanger not to be had
The first gas-liquid line of demarcation under frosting state and corresponding with the default heat exchanger frosting extreme position that can bear
The second gas-liquid line of demarcation, the second gas-liquid line of demarcation correspond to heat exchanger frosting degree reach frosting boundary
The gas-liquid line of demarcation of cold-producing medium during line；The different existences of described cold-producing medium are that gas-liquid coexisting state is gentle
State；Described heat exchanger includes at least one import and one outlet, the cold-producing medium of described gas-liquid coexisting state
Positioned at the upstream side of the relatively close cold-producing medium flow direction in the first gas-liquid line of demarcation, described gaseous cold-producing medium
Positioned at the relatively close outlet side in the first gas-liquid line of demarcation；
Described first sensor and second sensor are arranged on the diverse location of described heat exchanger；
Described first sensor is arranged on the cold-producing medium stream of the relatively close described heat exchanger in the first gas-liquid line of demarcation
The upstream side in dynamic direction is located at the cold-producing medium opposite position of gas-liquid coexisting state, described second sensor
It is arranged on the opposite side of the relatively close outlet in the first gas-liquid line of demarcation and be located at the default heat exchanger that can bear
Gas-liquid line of demarcation the second gas-liquid line of demarcation opposite position during frosting extreme position；Or described first
Sensor is arranged on the upstream side of the cold-producing medium flow direction of the relatively close described heat exchanger in frosting line of demarcation,
Described second sensor is arranged on frosting line of demarcation during the default heat exchanger frosting extreme position that can bear
Opposite position；
Air-conditioner controller, according to the signal of described first sensor and second sensor, determines described heat exchanger
Frosting area whether reach default frosting extreme position, and after being judged as YES, make described heat pump empty
Adjusting system carries out defrosting process；And after being judged as NO, described heat pump type air conditioning system does not carry out defrosting process.
2. heat pump type air conditioning system as claimed in claim 1 is it is characterised in that described heat exchanger is single current
The multithread pass heat exchanger of pass heat exchanger or at least two flow processs, described first sensor and the second heat exchanger set
It is placed in the flow process of relatively close described outlet, described first sensor and the second heat exchanger are located at described heat exchange
The centre two of the length perpendicular to cold-producing medium flow direction of the flow process of relatively close described outlet of device/
One scope, the position of the outlet away from described heat exchanger for the relatively described second sensor of described first sensor
Put, the relatively described first sensor of described second sensor is near the position of described heat exchanger exit.
3. heat pump type air conditioning system as claimed in claim 2 is it is characterised in that described heat exchanger is single current
Pass heat exchanger, described first sensor and the second heat exchanger are along described first gas-liquid line of demarcation or the second gas-liquid
Marginal same normal setting, described normal and described first gas-liquid line of demarcation or the second gas-liquid line of demarcation
Substantially vertical；Described first sensor and the second heat exchanger are located at described heat exchanger and flow perpendicular to cold-producing medium
Centre 1/2nd scope of the length in direction；In the cold-producing medium stream of its place flow process between two sensors
The distance in dynamic direction accounts for the ratio of the distance of this flow process cold-producing medium flow direction below 1/4.
4. the heat pump type air conditioning system as any one of claim 1-3 is it is characterised in that described
One sensor and second sensor are temperature sensor, and described first sensor is arranged on the first gas-liquid boundary
The upstream side of the cold-producing medium flow direction of the relatively close described heat exchanger of line, described second sensor is arranged on
Second gas-liquid line of demarcation opposite position；The signal of described first sensor and second sensor includes described
First sensor and the temperature signal of second sensor, described air-conditioner controller obtains described first sensor
The curtage signal related with the temperature parameter of second sensor or temperature parameter, and according to acquisition
Signal judges whether described first sensor and the temperature difference of second sensor are less than preset value, and is judging
After being, judge to have arrived at the extreme position of frosting, start defrosting and process.
5. the heat pump type air conditioning system as any one of claim 1-3 is it is characterised in that described
One sensor and second sensor include thermistor, and described signal includes voltage signal；Described first
Sensor is arranged on the upstream of the cold-producing medium flow direction of the relatively close described heat exchanger in the first gas-liquid line of demarcation
Side, described second sensor is arranged on the second gas-liquid line of demarcation opposite position；
Described first sensor and second sensor are arranged in series；
Described air-conditioner controller, the voltage signal according to first sensor and second sensor obtains feedback electricity
Pressure and reference voltage, described feedback voltage is the voltage at first sensor two ends, and described reference voltage is the
Whether one sensor and the total voltage of second sensor, judge the ratio of described feedback voltage and reference voltage
Less than default ratio, and after being judged as YES, determine the extreme position having reached frosting, startup removes
Frost is processed.
6. the heat pump type air conditioning system as any one of claim 1-3 is it is characterised in that described
One sensor and second sensor include thermistor, and described signal includes voltage signal；Described first
Sensor is arranged on the upstream of the cold-producing medium flow direction of the relatively close described heat exchanger in the first gas-liquid line of demarcation
Side, described second sensor is arranged on the second gas-liquid line of demarcation opposite position；
Described first sensor is connected with the earth terminal of described air-conditioner controller with one end of second sensor simultaneously
Connect, two ports of described air-conditioner controller connect the another of described first sensor and second sensor respectively
One end；
Described air-conditioner controller, according to the voltage signal of first sensor and second sensor, compares the first biography
Whether the voltage at sensor two ends is less than or equal to preset value with the absolute value of the difference in voltage at second sensor two ends,
And after being judged as YES, determine that frosting area has arrived at default extreme position.
7. the heat pump type air conditioning system any one of claim 1-3 it is characterised in that as described in
The sensor of first sensor and second sensor employing includes air velocity transducer, and described signal includes wind speed
Signal；Described second sensor is arranged on the cold-producing medium flowing of the relatively close described heat exchanger in frosting line of demarcation
The upstream side in direction or downstream, described first sensor is arranged on the default heat exchanger frosting that can bear
Frosting line of demarcation opposite position during extreme position；
Described controller reads the wind velocity signal of described first sensor and second sensor, and according to setting
Position, the whether frosting of the position of first sensor described in multilevel iudge, and after being judged as YES, determine
Frosting area has arrived at default frosting extreme position, starts defrosting and processes.
8. heat pump type air conditioning system as claimed in claim 7 is it is characterised in that described second sensor sets
Put the downstream of the cold-producing medium flow direction in the relatively close described heat exchanger in frosting line of demarcation,
Described controller is according to the wind velocity signal of described first sensor and second sensor, multilevel iudge institute
Whether the difference stating the wind speed that the wind speed of second sensor is than first sensor reaches preset value, and is being judged as
After being, determine that frosting area has arrived at default frosting extreme position, start defrosting and process.
9. a kind of heat exchanger of heat pump type air conditioning system, described heat exchanger can be made in described heat pump type air conditioning system
Use for evaporimeter, described heat exchanger has gas-liquid line of demarcation, described heat exchange as evaporimeter when using
Utensil has the corresponding frosting line of demarcation of heat exchanger frosting extreme position that system cooperation can be born；Described gas-liquid
Line of demarcation is included the first gas-liquid line of demarcation under not having frosting state for the described heat exchanger and can be held with default
The corresponding second gas-liquid line of demarcation of heat exchanger frosting extreme position being subject to, the second gas-liquid line of demarcation corresponds to and changes
The gas-liquid line of demarcation of cold-producing medium when the frosting degree of hot device reaches frosting line of demarcation；
Described heat exchanger includes exchanger body, and described exchanger body includes the back of the body opposite with air-flow direction
Wind face, described heat exchanger also includes first sensor and the second sensor being arranged on described lee face,
Described first sensor and second sensor are arranged on the diverse location of described heat exchanger；
Described first sensor, second sensor are temperature sensor, and described first sensor is arranged on the
The upstream side of the cold-producing medium flow direction of the relatively close described heat exchanger in one gas-liquid line of demarcation is located at gas-liquid altogether
Deposit the cold-producing medium opposite position of state, described second sensor is arranged on the first gas-liquid line of demarcation and relatively leans on
The opposite side of nearly outlet and be located at gas-liquid line of demarcation during the default heat exchanger frosting extreme position that can bear
I.e. the second gas-liquid line of demarcation opposite position；Or described first sensor, second sensor pass for wind speed
Sensor, described first sensor is arranged on frosting during the default heat exchanger frosting extreme position that can bear
Line of demarcation opposite position, described second sensor is arranged on described heat exchange relatively close in frosting line of demarcation
The downstream of cold-producing medium flow direction of device or upstream side.
10. heat exchanger as claimed in claim 8 is it is characterised in that described first sensor and second
The sensor that sensor adopts is thermistor；Described first sensor is arranged on the first gas-liquid line of demarcation phase
Upstream side to the cold-producing medium flow direction near described heat exchanger, described second sensor is arranged on second
Gas-liquid line of demarcation opposite position；Described first sensor and second sensor are arranged on by fixed support
On heat exchanger or be mounted directly on heat exchangers.
A kind of 11. heat pump air conditioner control methods, are applied to the heat pump any one of claim 1-6
It is characterised in that comprising the steps in air-conditioning system：
Preset gas-liquid line of demarcation on heat exchangers, described default gas-liquid line of demarcation includes not having frosting state
Under the first gas-liquid line of demarcation and second gas-liquid line of demarcation corresponding with the frosting extreme position that system can be born；
Described first sensor, second sensor are temperature sensor,
First sensor is arranged on the upstream side of the relatively close cold-producing medium flow direction in the first gas-liquid line of demarcation,
Described second sensor is arranged on the first gas-liquid marginal opposite side and is located at described default can bear
The corresponding second gas-liquid line of demarcation correspondence position of frosting extreme position；
Air-conditioner controller, according to the signal of described first sensor and second sensor, determines that frosting area is
The default frosting extreme position of no arrival.
A kind of 12. heat pump air conditioner control methods, are applied to any one of claim 1,2,3,6,7
It is characterised in that comprising the steps in described heat pump type air conditioning system：
The frosting line of demarcation of the frosting extreme position that described heat pump air conditioner can bear is preset on described heat exchanger；
First sensor is arranged on position corresponding to frosting line of demarcation, described second sensor is arranged on frosting
Marginal opposite side is relatively close described heat exchanger exit side or is relatively distant from described heat exchanger exit
The position of side；
Air-conditioner controller monitors the running parameter of described first sensor and second sensor, determines frosting face
Amass and whether reach default frosting extreme position.
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| CN201510459128.9A CN106403093B (en) | 2015-07-30 | 2015-07-30 | Heat pump air conditioning system, heat exchanger and control method of heat pump air conditioning system |
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| CN201510459128.9A CN106403093B (en) | 2015-07-30 | 2015-07-30 | Heat pump air conditioning system, heat exchanger and control method of heat pump air conditioning system |
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| CN106882007A (en) * | 2015-12-16 | 2017-06-23 | 杭州三花研究院有限公司 | A kind of air-conditioning system, control device and its control method |
| CN109654775A (en) * | 2018-12-18 | 2019-04-19 | 青岛经济技术开发区海尔热水器有限公司 | Defrosting control method and air source heat pump system |
| CN110422028A (en) * | 2019-07-31 | 2019-11-08 | 上海马勒热系统有限公司 | Heat pump air conditioner for electric vehicle with defrosting function |
| CN112432320A (en) * | 2020-04-30 | 2021-03-02 | 杭州三花研究院有限公司 | Control method for preventing frosting of air conditioning system, controller of control method and air conditioning system |
| CN112665241A (en) * | 2020-12-10 | 2021-04-16 | 珠海格力电器股份有限公司 | Frosting detection structure, condensing unit and defrosting method thereof |
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| CN106403093B (en) | 2020-05-19 |
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