CN106390942A - 一种用于印染废水的污水处理剂及其制备方法 - Google Patents
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Abstract
本发明公开一种用于印染废水的污水处理剂及其制备方法,属于污水处理技术领域,是由下述重量份的原料制备面成:废弃植物秸秆60~70份、改性坡缕石黏土80~100份、硝化细菌粉末0.0003~0.0006份、脱氮副球菌0.0003~0.0006份、碳酸钙2~6份、云母粉2~6份、空心玻璃微珠10~15份、活性炭粉1~3份、石膏粉4~6份、硬脂酸1~3份;本发明并公开了用于印染废水的污水处理剂的制备方法。本发明用于印染废水的污水处理剂具有良好的吸附性能,可使纺织印染废水的COCcr的去除率高达到82%,对浊度的去除率高达92.1%,对色度的去除率可达90.2%。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及污水处理技术领域,特别涉及一种用于印染废水的污水处理剂及其制备方法。
背景技术
水是人类社会赖以生存和发展的重要自然资源,随着工业的迅速发展,水质的污染不断升级,而因印染产生的废水是造成水质污染的一个重要源头。印染废水是加工棉、麻、化学纤维及其混纺产品为主的印染厂排出的废水。印染废水水量较大,每印染加工1吨纺织品耗水100~200吨,其中80~90%成为废水。纺织印染废水具有水量大、有机污染物含量高、碱性大、水质变化大等特点,属难处理的工业废水之一,废水中含有染料、浆料、助剂、油剂、酸碱、纤维杂质、砂类物质、无机盐等。
目前对印染废水的处理主要有吸附法、混凝法、氧化法、膜分离法和生化法等方法,其中吸附法是使用较为广泛的处理方法。吸附法主要是利用多孔吸附剂使废水中的污染物吸附在其表面而达到净化水质的作用。
我国印染行业发展迅速,印染废水排放量很大,成分复杂处理困难,,而现有的吸附剂对印染废水的处理效率仍较低,导致印染废水处理后仍不能达标排放。
发明内容
本发明提供一种用于印染废水的污水处理剂及其制备方法,解决现有的污水处理剂废水处理效率低及处理后仍不能达标排放的问题。
为解决上述技术问题,本发明的技术方案为:
一种用于印染废水的污水处理剂,是由下述重量份的原料制备面成:废弃植物秸杆60~70份、改性坡缕石黏土80~100份、硝化细菌粉末0.0003~0.0006份、脱氮副球菌0.0003~0.0006份、碳酸钙2~6份、云母粉2~6份、空心玻璃微珠10~15份、活性炭粉1~3份、石膏粉4~6份、硬脂酸1~3份;
所述改性坡缕石黏土是采用下述制备方法制备而成:取天然坡缕石黏土,加入0.2~1.0mol/L磷酸中,固液比为1:25~30,加热至50℃浸泡5~10h,抽滤洗涤至中性,烘干,研磨即得。
其中,优选地,一种用于印染废水的污水处理剂是由下述重量份的原料制备面成:废弃植物秸杆62~68份、改性坡缕石黏土85~95份、硝化细菌粉末0.0004~0.0005份、脱氮副球菌0.0004~0.0005份、碳酸钙3~5份、云母粉3~5份、空心玻璃微珠12~14份、活性炭粉1~3份、石膏粉4~6份、硬脂酸1~3份。
本发明并提供了一种用于印染废水的污水处理剂的制备方法,包括以下步骤:
(1)天然坡缕石黏土改性:取天然坡缕石黏土,加入0.2~1.0mol/L磷酸中,固液比为1:25~30,加热至50℃浸泡5~10h,抽滤洗涤至中性,烘干,研磨得改性坡缕石黏土;
(2)废弃植物秸杆和改性坡缕石黏土复合材料的制备:取废弃植物秸杆粉碎至100~300目的粉末,取改性坡缕石黏土和废弃植物秸杆粉以1:1的重量比分散于水中,然后于120~140℃下搅拌水热反应1~3h,冷却,过滤,干燥,即得废弃植物秸杆和改性坡缕石黏土复合材料;
(3)总混:取废弃植物秸杆和改性坡缕石黏土复合材料、硝化细菌粉末、脱氮副球菌、碳酸钙、云母粉、空心玻璃微珠、活性炭粉、石膏粉、硬脂酸,混合均匀,即得。
本发明有益效果:
本发明使用的是改性坡缕石黏土,改性后使天然坡缕石黏土在水溶液中的结构电荷和表面电荷发生改变,从而改变天然坡缕石胶体的带电性和吸附活性,吸附活性有大幅度提高。并且发明使用的是废弃植物秸杆和改性坡缕石黏土复合材料,两种材料水热反应后,改性坡缕石黏土与废弃植物秸杆粉充分混合,使复合材料变得的蓬松,吸附性能进一步提高。
本发明用于印染废水的污水处理剂具有良好的吸附性能,可使纺织印染废水的COCcr的去除率高达到82%,对浊度的去除率高达92.1%,对色度的去除率可达90.2%。
具体实施方式
下面对本发明实施例中的技术方案进行清楚、完整地描述,显然,所描述的实施例仅仅是本发明一部分实施例,而不是全部的实施例。基于本发明中的实施例,本领域普通技术人员在没有做出创造性劳动前提下所获得的所有其他实施例,都属于本发明保护的范围。
实施例1
本实施例提供一种用于印染废水的污水处理剂,是由下述重量份的原料制备面成:废弃植物秸杆65份、改性坡缕石黏土90份、硝化细菌粉末0.0004份、脱氮副球菌0.0005份、碳酸钙4份、云母粉4份、空心玻璃微珠13份、活性炭粉2份、石膏粉5份、硬脂酸2份。
本实施例并提供了上述用于印染废水的污水处理剂的制备方法,包括以下步骤:
(1)天然坡缕石黏土改性:取天然坡缕石黏土,加入0.5mol/L磷酸中,固液比为1:28,加热至50℃浸泡8h,抽滤洗涤至中性,烘干,研磨得改性坡缕石黏土;
(2)废弃植物秸杆和改性坡缕石黏土复合材料的制备:取废弃植物秸杆粉碎至300目的粉末,取改性坡缕石黏土和废弃植物秸杆粉以1:1的重量比分散于水中,然后于130℃下搅拌水热反应2h,冷却,过滤,干燥,即得废弃植物秸杆和改性坡缕石黏土复合材料;
(3)总混:取废弃植物秸杆和改性坡缕石黏土复合材料、硝化细菌粉末、脱氮副球菌、碳酸钙、云母粉、空心玻璃微珠、活性炭粉、石膏粉、硬脂酸,混合均匀,即得。
实施例2
本实施例提供一种用于印染废水的污水处理剂,是由下述重量份的原料制备面成:废弃植物秸杆62份、改性坡缕石黏土95份、硝化细菌粉末0.0004份、脱氮副球菌0.0005份、碳酸钙3份、云母粉5份、空心玻璃微珠12份、活性炭粉3份、石膏粉4份、硬脂酸3份。
本实施例并提供了上述用于印染废水的污水处理剂的制备方法,包括以下步骤:
(1)天然坡缕石黏土改性:取天然坡缕石黏土,加入0.2mol/L磷酸中,固液比为1:25,加热至50℃浸泡10h,抽滤洗涤至中性,烘干,研磨得改性坡缕石黏土;
(2)废弃植物秸杆和改性坡缕石黏土复合材料的制备:取废弃植物秸杆粉碎至100目的粉末,取改性坡缕石黏土和废弃植物秸杆粉以1:1的重量比分散于水中,然后于120℃下搅拌水热反应3h,冷却,过滤,干燥,即得废弃植物秸杆和改性坡缕石黏土复合材料;
(3)总混:取废弃植物秸杆和改性坡缕石黏土复合材料、硝化细菌粉末、脱氮副球菌、碳酸钙、云母粉、空心玻璃微珠、活性炭粉、石膏粉、硬脂酸,混合均匀,即得。
实施例3
本实施例提供一种用于印染废水的污水处理剂,是由下述重量份的原料制备面成:废弃植物秸杆68份、改性坡缕石黏土85份、硝化细菌粉末0.0005份、脱氮副球菌0.0004份、碳酸钙5份、云母粉3份、空心玻璃微珠14份、活性炭粉1份、石膏粉6份、硬脂酸1份。
本实施例并提供了上述用于印染废水的污水处理剂的制备方法,包括以下步骤:
(1)天然坡缕石黏土改性:取天然坡缕石黏土,加入1.0mol/L磷酸中,固液比为1:30,加热至50℃浸泡5h,抽滤洗涤至中性,烘干,研磨得改性坡缕石黏土;
(2)废弃植物秸杆和改性坡缕石黏土复合材料的制备:取废弃植物秸杆粉碎至300目的粉末,取改性坡缕石黏土和废弃植物秸杆粉以1:1的重量比分散于水中,然后于140℃下搅拌水热反应3h,冷却,过滤,干燥,即得废弃植物秸杆和改性坡缕石黏土复合材料;
(3)总混:取废弃植物秸杆和改性坡缕石黏土复合材料、硝化细菌粉末、脱氮副球菌、碳酸钙、云母粉、空心玻璃微珠、活性炭粉、石膏粉、硬脂酸,混合均匀,即得。
实施例4
本实施例提供一种用于印染废水的污水处理剂,是由下述重量份的原料制备面成:废弃植物秸杆60份、改性坡缕石黏土100份、硝化细菌粉末0.0003份、脱氮副球菌0.0006份、碳酸钙2份、云母粉6份、空心玻璃微珠10份、活性炭粉3份、石膏粉4份、硬脂酸3份;
本实施例并提供了上述用于印染废水的污水处理剂的制备方法,包括以下步骤:
(1)天然坡缕石黏土改性:取天然坡缕石黏土,加入0.4mol/L磷酸中,固液比为1:26,加热至50℃浸泡6h,抽滤洗涤至中性,烘干,研磨得改性坡缕石黏土;
(2)废弃植物秸杆和改性坡缕石黏土复合材料的制备:取废弃植物秸杆粉碎至300目的粉末,取改性坡缕石黏土和废弃植物秸杆粉以1:1的重量比分散于水中,然后于130℃下搅拌水热反应2h,冷却,过滤,干燥,即得废弃植物秸杆和改性坡缕石黏土复合材料;
(3)总混:取废弃植物秸杆和改性坡缕石黏土复合材料、硝化细菌粉末、脱氮副球菌、碳酸钙、云母粉、空心玻璃微珠、活性炭粉、石膏粉、硬脂酸,混合均匀,即得。
实施例5
本实施例提供一种用于印染废水的污水处理剂,是由下述重量份的原料制备面成:废弃植物秸杆70份、改性坡缕石黏土80份、硝化细菌粉末0.0006份、脱氮副球菌0.0003份、碳酸钙6份、云母粉2份、空心玻璃微珠15份、活性炭粉1份、石膏粉6份、硬脂酸1份;
本实施例并提供了上述用于印染废水的污水处理剂的制备方法,包括以下步骤:
(1)天然坡缕石黏土改性:取天然坡缕石黏土,加入0.8mol/L磷酸中,固液比为1:29,加热至50℃浸泡8h,抽滤洗涤至中性,烘干,研磨得改性坡缕石黏土;
(2)废弃植物秸杆和改性坡缕石黏土复合材料的制备:取废弃植物秸杆粉碎至100目的粉末,取改性坡缕石黏土和废弃植物秸杆粉以1:1的重量比分散于水中,然后于130℃下搅拌水热反应2h,冷却,过滤,干燥,即得废弃植物秸杆和改性坡缕石黏土复合材料;
(3)总混:取废弃植物秸杆和改性坡缕石黏土复合材料、硝化细菌粉末、脱氮副球菌、碳酸钙、云母粉、空心玻璃微珠、活性炭粉、石膏粉、硬脂酸,混合均匀,即得。
对比例
对比例采用与实施例1相同的配方,与实施例1的区别在于采用改性改性坡缕石黏土和废弃植物秸杆粉分别加料,二者不进行水热反应。另外,制备方法也与实施例1相同。
对实施例1~5和对比例所得污水处理剂进行性能测试,测试结果如下:
去除率% | 实施例1 | 实施例2 | 实施例3 | 实施例4 | 实施例5 | 对比例 |
色度去除率,% | 90.2 | 90.1 | 89.6 | 89.7 | 88.9 | 80.1 |
浊度去除率,% | 92.1 | 92.0 | 91.6 | 90.8 | 90.6 | 79.6 |
COCcr去除率,% | 82.0 | 81.9 | 82.0 | 81.0 | 80.9 | 69.6 |
由上表可见,本发明具有较好的吸附性能,其对色度、浊度和COCcr的去除率均较高,且都明显高于对比例10%左右,利用本发明制得的吸附剂处理纺织印染废水,可达国家排放标准。
以上所述仅为本发明的较佳实施例而已,并不用以限制本发明,凡在本发明的精神和原则之内,所作的任何修改、等同替换、改进等,均应包含在本发明的保护范围之内。
Claims (3)
1.一种用于印染废水的污水处理剂,其特征在于是由下述重量份的原料制备面成:废弃植物秸杆60~70份、改性坡缕石黏土80~100份、硝化细菌粉末0.0003~0.0006份、脱氮副球菌0.0003~0.0006份、碳酸钙2~6份、云母粉2~6份、空心玻璃微珠10~15份、活性炭粉1~3份、石膏粉4~6份、硬脂酸1~3份;
所述改性坡缕石黏土是采用下述制备方法制备而成:取天然坡缕石黏土,加入0.2~1.0mol/L磷酸中,固液比为1:25~30,加热至50℃浸泡5~10h,抽滤洗涤至中性,烘干,研磨即得。
2.根据权利要求1所述的一种用于印染废水的污水处理剂,其特征在于是由下述重量份的原料制备面成:废弃植物秸杆62~68份、改性坡缕石黏土85~95份、硝化细菌粉末0.0004~0.0005份、脱氮副球菌0.0004~0.0005份、碳酸钙3~5份、云母粉3~5份、空心玻璃微珠12~14份、活性炭粉1~3份、石膏粉4~6份、硬脂酸1~3份。
3.一种权利要求1或2所述的用于印染废水的污水处理剂的制备方法,其特征在于包括以下步骤:
(1)天然坡缕石黏土改性:取天然坡缕石黏土,加入0.2~1.0mol/L磷酸中,固液比为1:25~30,加热至50℃浸泡5~10h,抽滤洗涤至中性,烘干,研磨得改性坡缕石黏土;
(2)废弃植物秸杆和改性坡缕石黏土复合材料的制备:取废弃植物秸杆粉碎至100~300目的粉末,取改性坡缕石黏土和废弃植物秸杆粉以1:1的重量比分散于水中,然后于120~140℃下搅拌水热反应1~3h,冷却,过滤,干燥,即得废弃植物秸杆和改性坡缕石黏土复合材料;
(3)总混:取废弃植物秸杆和改性坡缕石黏土复合材料、硝化细菌粉末、脱氮副球菌、碳酸钙、云母粉、空心玻璃微珠、活性炭粉、石膏粉、硬脂酸,混合均匀,即得。
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