CN106388900A - Bone tunnel forming device capable of retaining bone substances - Google Patents

Abstract

A bone tunnel former capable of retaining bone belongs to the technical field of orthopedic medical devices, and is used for forming a bone tunnel for intra-articular collapse fractures of the tibial plateau. Its technical scheme is: the drill bit of its soft drill is composed of a rotating head, an annular drill ring and a connecting rod. The upper edge of the annular drill ring is arranged with drill teeth along the circumference, and the inner wall of the annular drill ring is rotated by the connecting rod and the soft drill. The heads are connected, and multiple connecting rods are evenly distributed along the circumference of the annular drill ring. There is a gap between adjacent connecting rods for bone blocks to pass through. The rear end of the annular drill ring is connected to the sleeve, and the connecting sleeve is a flexible structure that can be bent , There is a guide pin hole in the center of the rotating head, and the guide pin hole is along the central axis of the rotating head. The invention is the first to form a bone tunnel in orthopedic surgery. It can retain the bone fragments in the bone tunnel for bone grafting, which is very conducive to the recovery and growth of the bone, ensures the firm fixation of the fracture site, and avoids the operation of taking bone from other parts of the patient. , reducing the surgical trauma of the patient, and also reducing the cost of the operation.

Description

A bone tunnel former that preserves bone

technical field

The invention relates to a surgical tool capable of forming a bone tunnel for intra-articular collapse fractures of the tibial plateau during surgery, which can retain bone while forming a bone tunnel, and is a device that is convenient for doctors to perform surgical operations, and belongs to the technical field of orthopedic medical devices .

Background technique

Tibial plateau fracture is a common intra-articular fracture in clinical practice, and it is mostly seen in middle-aged and young people who have suffered high-energy injuries. Due to the complex and changeable fracture morphology, clinical treatment is more difficult. The purpose of treatment for tibial plateau fractures is to restore the smoothness of the articular surface and the alignment of the lower limbs, firmly fix the fracture fragments, and avoid long-term complications such as postoperative traumatic arthritis and joint stiffness. The key step in the surgical treatment of tibial plateau fractures is the reduction of displaced fracture fragments. In order to obtain a good surgical field of view in the traditional open reduction technique, it is often necessary to expose the soft tissue around the knee joint in a large area. For Schatzker type II and III lateral fractures, some scholars proposed to incise the anterior half of the lateral meniscus to fully expose the articular surface; for tibial plateau fractures with lateral and posterior displacement, Pires proposed to resect the proximal fibula to restore the posterolateral aspect bone fragments. Although these operations can bring convenience to reduction, the risks of postoperative soft tissue adhesion, incision infection, and nerve injury are greatly increased. At present, the development trend of intra-articular fractures is minimally invasive reduction, which can effectively protect the soft tissues around the fracture.

The current problem is that minimally invasive reduction of intra-articular fractures can only be done by drilling away from the fracture site, and the tunnel formed by the drilling can reach the bottom of the fracture block for jacking and reduction, but the drills currently used cannot effectively retain the bone. , resulting in bone loss and bone defect formation, requiring bone grafting from other parts of the patient, which increases the surgical trauma and recovery time of the patient, and also increases the surgical cost.

Contents of the invention

The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a bone tunnel former that can retain bone, which can form a bone tunnel under the fracture block and retain the bone fragments in the bone tunnel for bone grafting , to ensure that the fracture site is firmly fixed, so that the patient can recover as soon as possible.

The technical scheme that solves the above-mentioned technical problem is:

A bone tunnel former capable of preserving bone comprises a guide pin and a soft drill, the rear of the soft drill is connected to the front end of a flexible drill rod, the rear end of the flexible drill rod is connected to a motor, and its soft The drill bit consists of a rotary head, an annular drill ring and a connecting rod. The upper edge of the annular drill ring is arranged with drill teeth along the circumference. The connecting rod is perpendicular to the axis of the rotary head. The inner wall of the annular drill ring is connected to the soft drill through the connecting rod. The peripheral outer walls of the rotary head are connected, and a plurality of connecting rods are evenly distributed along the circumference of the annular drill ring. There is a gap for bone pieces to pass between adjacent connecting rods. The curved flexible structure has a guide pin hole in the center of the rotating head, and the guide pin hole is along the central axis of the rotating head.

In the aforementioned bone tunnel former capable of retaining bone, the centerlines of the rod bodies of the plurality of connecting rods coincide with the diameters of the rotating head respectively, the rod bodies of the connecting rods are fan-shaped, and the fan-shaped plane is perpendicular to the axial direction of the rotating head. The big end is connected with the inner wall of the annular drill ring, and the small end of the fan-shaped plane is connected with the peripheral outer wall of the rotary head.

The aforementioned bone tunnel former that can retain bone, the connecting sleeve is a helical metal tube or a wire braided sleeve, the diameter of the connecting sleeve matches the diameter of the annular drill ring, and the length of the connecting sleeve is longer than that of the bone tunnel length.

For the aforementioned bone tunnel former capable of retaining bone, the diameter of the annular drill ring is 13-16 mm, and the width of the annular drill ring is 0.4 mm.

The beneficial effects of the present invention are:

The drill bit of the soft drill of the present invention can be drilled in an arc along the guide pin, so that the bone tunnel can reach below the collapsed bone block of the tibial plateau from the side of the tibia; Sleeve, the bone pieces cut by the drill can fall into the connecting sleeve from the hollow inner hole of the annular drill ring, so as to be used for bone grafting.

The present invention solves the problem of forming a bone tunnel under the tibial fracture block, can retain the bone fragments in the bone tunnel for bone grafting, fully utilizes the patient's own bone, is very conducive to the recovery and growth of the bone, and ensures that the fracture site is strong Fixed, while avoiding the operation of taking bone from other parts of the patient, reducing the surgical trauma of the patient, enabling the patient to recover as soon as possible, and reducing the cost of surgery.

The invention is the first creation of bone tunnel formation in orthopedic surgery, provides strong support for the development of minimally invasive orthopedic surgery, can be used to establish bone tunnels in various orthopedic operations, and has excellent prospects for popularization and use in the field of orthopedic surgery.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is a structural representation of the present invention;

Fig. 2 is a sectional view along A-A of Fig. 1 .

The marks in the figure are as follows: tibia 1, guide pin 2, flexible drill rod 3, rotating head 4, annular drill ring 5, connecting rod 6, connecting sleeve 7, and bone tunnel 8.

detailed description

The present invention consists of a guide pin 2, a soft drill and a connecting sleeve 7, wherein the soft drill is composed of a motor, a flexible drill rod 3, a rotating head 4, an annular drill ring 5 and a connecting rod 6.

Shown among the figure, rotary head 4 rear parts are connected with the front end of flexible drill rod 3, and the rear end of flexible drill rod 3 is connected with motor, and motor drives flexible drill rod 3 to rotate, and flexible drill rod 3 drives rotary head 4 to rotate. The above structure is the prior art and will not be repeated here.

As shown in the figure, there is a guide pin hole in the center of the rotary head 4 , and the guide pin hole is along the central axis of the rotary head 4 . When drilling, the guide pin 2 is inserted into the guide pin hole of the rotary head 4, and the rotary head 4 can drill along the guide pin 2 in an arc, so that the bone tunnel 8 can reach below the collapsed bone block of the tibial plateau from the side of the tibia.

Shown in the figure, the upper edge of the annular drill ring 5 is arranged with drill teeth along the circumference, the annular drill ring 5 can circularly cut the inner cavity of the tibia 1, and the tibial bone in the inner wall space of the annular drill ring 5 can be cut from Drop in annular drill ring 5. The diameter of the annular drill ring 5 is 13-16mm, and the width of the annular drill ring 5 is 0.4mm.

Shown in the figure, the inner wall of the annular drill ring 5 is connected with the peripheral outer wall of the rotary head 4 through the connecting rod 6, the connecting rod 6 is perpendicular to the axis of the rotary head 4, and a plurality of connecting rods 6 are evenly distributed along the circumference of the annular drill ring 5 , there is a gap through which the cut bone pieces pass between adjacent connecting rods 6 .

The figure shows that the centerlines of the rod bodies of a plurality of connecting rods 6 coincide with the diameter of the rotary head 4 respectively, the rod bodies of the connecting rods 6 are fan-shaped, the fan-shaped plane is perpendicular to the axial direction of the rotary head 4, and the large end of the fan-shaped plane is in line with the ring drill. The inner wall of the ring 5 is connected, and the small end of the fan-shaped plane is connected with the peripheral outer wall of the rotary head 4 . The connecting rod 6 adopts this structure, which can increase the strength of the annular drill ring 5 and prevent the annular drill ring 5 from being twisted and deformed.

As shown in the figure, the rear end of the annular drill ring 5 is connected to the sleeve 7, and the connection sleeve 7 is a bendable flexible structure. The connection sleeve 7 is a helical metal tube or a wire braided sleeve, the diameter of the connection sleeve 7 matches the diameter of the annular drill ring 5 , and the length of the connection sleeve 7 is greater than the length of the bone tunnel 8 . The bone fragments drilled and cut can fall into the connecting sleeve 7 from the hollow inner hole of the annular drill ring 5 for use during bone grafting.

The using method of the present invention is as follows:

The patient underwent surgery under spinal anesthesia, and was placed in the supine position after the anesthesia effect was satisfactory. Under fluoroscopy, insert a Φ2.5mm guide wire 2 in an appropriate direction from 3 cm below the tibial tuberosity, and stop at about 1 cm below the collapsed fracture fragment of the tibial plateau from the top of the guide wire 2.

The rotating head 4 of the soft drill is inserted into the guide pin 2, and drilling is performed along the direction of the guide pin 2 until it reaches below the tibial plateau collapsed fracture fragment, and the cut bone fragment is stored in the connecting sleeve 7.

Withdraw the connecting sleeve 7, soft drill, and guide pin 2 from the bone tunnel 8, put the collapsed bone fragment lifter (another patent) into the bone tunnel 8, and lightly tap with a small hammer to lift the fracture fragment . Take out the jack, measure the length of the bone tunnel, put the absorbable bone defect filler (another patent) into the bone tunnel to fill, and finally fix the fracture with a bone plate.

In the above process, the guide pin 2 and the soft drill can be performed twice. For the first time, insert the guide pin 2 straightly from the side of the tibia to the obliquely above the tibia 1, and then drill an oblique straight hole along the guide pin 2 with the soft drill, stop after reaching the centerline of the tibia 1, and exit the soft drill and guide pin 2. Then drive the guide pin 2 from the front end of the straight hole to the lower side of the tibial plateau along the centerline of the tibia 1 for the second time, and drill the soft drill along the guide pin 2 to the lower side of the tibial plateau to complete the drilling. The method of drilling twice can ensure that the direction in which the guide pin 2 is inserted is accurate, and the drilling will not be deviated.

Claims (4)

1. A bone tunnel former that can preserve bone, which includes a guide pin (2), a soft drill, the rear of the soft drill’s rotating head (4) is connected to the front end of the flexible drill rod (3), and the flexible drill rod The rear end of (3) is connected with the motor, and its characteristic is that the drill bit of its soft drill is composed of a rotating head (4), an annular drill ring (5) and a connecting rod (6), and the top of the annular drill ring (5) The edge is arranged with drill teeth along the circumference, the connecting rod (6) is perpendicular to the axis of the rotary head (4), the inner wall of the annular drill ring (5) passes through the connecting rod (6) and the outer peripheral wall of the rotary head (4) of the soft drill Connected to each other, multiple connecting rods (6) are evenly distributed along the circumference of the annular drill ring (5), there is a gap for bone pieces to pass between adjacent connecting rods (6), and the rear end connection sleeve of the annular drill ring (5) The tube (7) and the connecting sleeve (7) are bendable and flexible structures, and there is a guide pin hole in the center of the rotating head (4), and the guide pin hole is along the central axis of the rotating head (4). 2. The bone tunnel former capable of preserving bone according to claim 1, characterized in that: the centerlines of the rod bodies of the plurality of connecting rods (6) respectively coincide with the diameters of the rotating head (4), and the connecting rods (6) The rod body of (6) is fan-shaped, the fan-shaped plane is perpendicular to the axial direction of the rotary head (4), the large end of the fan-shaped plane is connected with the inner wall of the annular drill ring (5), and the small end of the fan-shaped plane is connected with the rotary head (4) The outer walls of the circumference are connected. 3. The bone tunnel former capable of preserving bone according to claim 2, characterized in that: the connecting sleeve (7) is a helical metal tube or a wire braided sleeve, and the connection sleeve (7) The diameter matches the diameter of the annular drill ring (5), and the length of the connecting sleeve (7) is greater than the length of the bone tunnel (8). 4. The bone tunnel former capable of preserving bone according to claim 3, characterized in that: the diameter of the annular drill ring (5) is 15-20mm, and the width of the annular drill ring (5) is 2-3mm .