CN106375232B - A kind of message transmitting method and system - Google Patents

Abstract

The embodiment of the invention discloses a message transmission method and system. In the method provided by the embodiment of the present invention, the sending end device sends the first packet according to the first routing information, wherein the first packet contains a congestion flag for recording the congestion status of each router in the first routing information bit. After receiving the second packet, the first router determines the congestion state of the first router, and records the congestion state of the first router in the congestion flag bit of the first router in the second packet. Then, according to the first routing information, the first router forwards the second packet that records the congestion status of the first router, wherein the second packet includes the first packet or passes through at least two routers except the first router. The first packet forwarded by at least one other router. After the receiving end device receives the first message forwarded by the at least two routers, the receiving end device returns the congestion state information of the at least two routers to the sending end device.

Description

A message transmission method and system

technical field

The present invention relates to the communication field, in particular to a message transmission method and system.

Background technique

With the development of communication technology, congestion has become a problem that cannot be ignored in the network. In the network, since there is always a situation where the data input rate is greater than the data output rate, no matter how fast the network is, congestion may exist. Congestion in the network will affect the effective transmission of data and negatively affect the performance of the network. Therefore, it is necessary to control the congestion accordingly.

At present, congestion is usually controlled and managed on the data propagation path; when congestion is detected, the network congestion information is transmitted to the sender by discarding or marking data packets, so that the sender can adjust the data transmission rate to achieve congestion control.

At present, the most widely used method of marking data packets is the Congestion Notification (Explicit Congestion Notification, referred to as ECN) technology. The ECN bit in the data packet records congestion, which is used to indicate that the transmission path of the data packet is congested. The receiving end can detect that the path is congested by checking the ECN bit in the data packet; if the receiving end detects that there is congestion on the path through the ECN bit, Then notify the sender that there is congestion on the path in the confirmation packet.

However, ECN technology can only inform the sender whether the transmission path is congested, resulting in low network utilization.

Contents of the invention

Embodiments of the present invention provide a message transmission method and network equipment, which can reduce communication link congestion and improve network utilization.

In order to achieve the above object, embodiments of the present invention adopt the following technical solutions:

In a first aspect, a message transmission method is provided, which is applied to a message transmission system, and the message transmission system includes a sending end device, a receiving end device, and a plurality of routers; the method includes:

The sending end device sends a first message according to the first routing information, wherein the first routing information includes routing information of at least two routers, and the first message includes information for recording the first The congestion flag bit of the congestion state of each router in the routing information;

The first router among the at least two routers receives the second packet, wherein the second packet includes the first packet or passes through the at least two routers except the first router The first packet forwarded by at least one other router, where the first router is any one of the at least two routers;

determining a congestion state of the first router by the first router;

The first router records the congestion state of the first router in the congestion flag bit of the first router in the second packet;

forwarding, by the first router, the second packet recorded with the congestion state of the first router according to the first routing information;

The receiving end device receives the first message forwarded by the at least two routers, and the forwarded first message includes congestion state information of the at least two routers;

The receiving end device returns the congestion state information of the at least two routers to the sending end device.

With reference to the first aspect, in a first possible implementation manner of the first aspect, after the first router receives the second packet, the method further includes:

The first router adds one to the value of the router flag bit in the second packet; wherein, the router flag bit is used to record the number of routers passed during the transmission process of the current transmission direction.

With reference to the first aspect or the first possible implementation of the first aspect, in the second possible implementation of the first aspect, before the sending end device sends the first packet according to the first routing information, the The method also includes:

The sending end device clears the value of the congestion flag bit in the first packet to zero.

With reference to the first aspect or the first possible implementation manner of the first aspect or the second possible implementation manner of the first aspect, in a third possible implementation manner of the first aspect, the receiving end device uses the The congestion status information of the at least two routers is returned to the sending end device, including:

The receiving end device generates an acknowledgment packet, the acknowledgment packet is used to confirm that the receiving end device has received the first message, and the acknowledgment packet includes congestion status information of the at least two routers;

The receiving end device sends the confirmation packet to the sending end device.

Combining any one of the first aspect or the first possible implementation manner of the first aspect to the third possible implementation manner of the first aspect, in the fourth possible implementation manner of the first aspect, the first A router determining a congestion state of the first router comprising:

If the buffer queue length of the first router is not less than a preset threshold, then determining that the congestion state of the first router is congestion;

If the buffer queue length of the first router is smaller than the preset threshold, it is determined that the congestion state of the first router is no congestion.

In a second aspect, a message transmission system is provided, and the message transmission system includes a sending end device, a receiving end device, and multiple routers; wherein,

The sending end device is configured to send a first message according to the first routing information, wherein the first routing information includes routing information of at least two routers, and the first message includes information for recording all The congestion flag bit of the congestion state of each router in the first routing information;

The first router among the at least two routers is configured to: receive a second packet, wherein the second packet includes the first packet or passes through the at least two routers except the first router The first message forwarded by at least one router other than the first router, where the first router is any one of the at least two routers;

determining a congestion state of the first router;

recording the congestion state of the first router in the congestion flag bit of the first router in the second message;

Forwarding the second packet recorded with the congestion state of the first router according to the first routing information;

The receiving end device is configured to receive the first packet forwarded by the at least two routers, the forwarded first packet contains the congestion state information of the at least two routers, and send the The congestion state information of the at least two routers is returned to the sending end device.

With reference to the second aspect, in a first possible implementation manner of the second aspect, the first router is further configured to:

After receiving the second message, add one to the value of the router flag in the second message; wherein, the router flag is used to record the number of routers passed during the transmission process of the current transmission direction.

With reference to the second aspect or the first possible implementation manner of the second aspect, in the second possible implementation manner of the second aspect, the sending end device is further configured to:

Before sending the first packet according to the first routing information, the value of the congestion flag bit in the first packet is cleared.

With reference to the second aspect or the first possible implementation manner of the second aspect or the second possible implementation manner of the second aspect, in a third possible implementation manner of the second aspect, the receiving end device specifically uses At:

generating an acknowledgment packet, where the acknowledgment packet is used to confirm that the receiving end device has received the first message, and the acknowledgment packet includes congestion status information of the at least two routers;

Send the confirmation packet to the sending end device.

Combining the second aspect or the first possible implementation manner of the second aspect to the third possible implementation manner of the second aspect, in a fourth possible implementation manner of the second aspect, the first router specifically uses At:

If the buffer queue length of the first router is not less than a preset threshold, then determining that the congestion state of the first router is congestion;

If the buffer queue length of the first router is smaller than a preset threshold, it is determined that the congestion state of the first router is no congestion.

In the message transmission method and system provided by the embodiments of the present invention, the sending end device sends the first message according to the first routing information, wherein the first routing information includes routing information of at least two routers, and the first routing information includes routing information of at least two routers, and the first routing information includes A packet contains a congestion flag bit for recording the congestion state of each router in the first routing information; the first router among the at least two routers receives the second packet, wherein the second The message includes the first message or the first message forwarded by at least one router of the at least two routers except the first router, and the first router is the at least two routers Any router in the router; the first router determines the congestion status of the first router; the first router records the congestion status of the first router in the congestion flag bit of the first router in the second message Congestion state; the first router forwards the second message recorded with the congestion state of the first router according to the first routing information; the receiving end device receives the message forwarded by the at least two routers The first message, the forwarded first message includes the congestion state information of the at least two routers; the receiving end device returns the congestion state information of the at least two routers to the sending end equipment. In this way, the congestion state of each router that the message passes through is marked, that is, the congestion state of each link in the message transmission path is marked. Compared with only marking the congestion of the path in the prior art, the packet transmission method provided by the embodiment of the present invention can mark the congestion state of each link in the path in the packet, so that the sending end device can know the The congestion status of each link in the path controls the sending of subsequent messages, which is beneficial to reduce the congestion of communication links and improve network utilization.

Description of drawings

In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention or the prior art, the following will briefly introduce the drawings that need to be used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art. Obviously, the accompanying drawings in the following description are only are drawings of some embodiments of the invention.

FIG. 1 is a flowchart of a message transmission method provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a message transmission system provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 3 is a flowchart of another message transmission method provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of another message transmission system provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

Detailed ways

The following will clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some, not all, embodiments of the present invention.

Additionally, the terms "system" and "network" are often used herein interchangeably. The term "and/or" in this article is just an association relationship describing associated objects, which means that there can be three relationships, for example, A and/or B can mean: A exists alone, A and B exist simultaneously, and there exists alone B these three situations. In addition, the character "/" in this article generally indicates that the contextual objects are an "or" relationship.

Embodiment one

An embodiment of the present invention provides a message transmission method, which is applied to a message transmission system, and the message transmission system may include a sending end device, a receiving end device, and multiple routers. Referring to Figure 1, the method may include:

S101. The sending end device sends a first packet according to the first routing information.

Wherein, the first routing information includes routing information of at least two routers, and the first message includes a congestion flag bit for recording the congestion status of each router in the first routing information.

It should be noted that the first routing information is the routers and the sequence that the first message needs to pass through before the first message is sent to reach the receiving end device. A method for determining the content of the routing information is not specifically limited, and may be determined according to actual requirements.

Specifically, the sending and receiving parties can negotiate at the beginning of the communication to determine the position of the congestion flag bit used to mark the congestion state of each router in the transmission path in the message.

Optionally, the sending and receiving parties may negotiate and determine at the beginning of the communication that the IP option field in the message is used as a congestion flag bit for recording the congestion state of each router in the first routing information.

Optionally, the message may be a data packet or a confirmation packet.

S102. The first router among the at least two routers receives the second packet.

Wherein, the second packet includes the first packet or the first packet forwarded by at least one router of the at least two routers except the first router. The first router is any one of the at least two routers.

Specifically, if the second packet is sent by the sending end device to the first router, the second packet includes the first packet.

If the second packet is sent to the first router by a router other than the first router in the at least two routers, the second packet is sent by a router other than the first router in the at least two routers The first packet forwarded by at least one other router.

It should be noted that, in the present invention, the processing process of the message by the first router is described, and the process of processing the message by each router of the at least two routers is the same, so details will not be repeated one by one.

S103. The first router determines the congestion state of the first router.

Wherein, the congestion status may be whether congestion occurs, or the congestion status may be congestion occurrence.

Specifically, the first router judging whether content congestion occurs may include:

If the buffer queue length of the first router is not less than the preset threshold, then determining that the congestion state of the first router is congestion;

If the buffer queue length of the first router is smaller than the preset threshold, it is determined that the congestion state of the first router is no congestion.

Wherein, the preset threshold value can be set according to actual needs, and the present invention does not set a specific value for this; the higher the preset threshold value is set, the router is not easy to judge that congestion occurs, but the efficiency of message transmission through the router may be reduced , the network performance will also be reduced; the lower the preset threshold is set, the router is more likely to judge that congestion has occurred, but premature speed limit on data flow may occur, which may also lead to a decrease in network utilization.

Preferably, the preset threshold may be 80% of the buffer length.

It should be noted that the above description only describes a method for detecting whether congestion occurs in the router, and is not specifically limited. Of course, there are other schemes for detecting whether congestion occurs in the router, such as the number of idle queues, the delay of packets passing through the ports, and so on. The present invention does not specifically limit the method for detecting whether congestion occurs in the router.

S104. The first router records the congestion state of the first router in the congestion flag bit of the first router in the second packet.

Optionally, the specific position in the packet where each router sets its corresponding congestion flag bit can be negotiated and determined at the beginning of the communication.

Optionally, each router sets the determination of the specific position of the corresponding congestion flag bit in the message. The schemes that can be used include but are not limited to the following two schemes:

Solution 1. It is possible to negotiate at the beginning of the communication to determine the specific position of the congestion flag bit corresponding to each router and arrange them in sequence according to the order in which the packets pass through the routers.

Exemplarily, assuming that a message transmission path passes through three routers, router 1, router 2, and router 3 in sequence, which can be negotiated and determined at the beginning of communication, and set each The congestion flag bit corresponding to the router. In this way, the congestion flag bit in the message can use 3 bits, where the high bit is the congestion flag bit of router 1, the next is the congestion flag bit of router 2, and the last low bit is the congestion flag bit of router 3 bit.

Exemplarily, assuming that a message transmission path passes through three routers, router A, router B, and router C in sequence, which can be negotiated and determined at the beginning of communication, and the order of the tag positions corresponding to each router is from low to high, so , the high bit in the congestion flag bit is the congestion flag bit of router C, followed by the congestion flag bit of router B, and the low bit is the congestion flag bit of router 1.

It should be noted that the above two examples are only examples to illustrate the positional relationship of the congestion flag bits of each router in the message, and are not intended to limit the specific content and form; in practical applications, the message can be set according to actual needs. The positional relationship of the congestion flag bits of each router in .

Solution 2. It is also possible to negotiate and determine the specific position of the congestion flag bit corresponding to each router in the message at the beginning of the communication.

Exemplarily, assuming that in a message transmission path, four routers such as router 5, router 6, router 7, and router 8 are sequentially passed through, the specific congestion flag bit corresponding to each router in the message can be negotiated and determined at the beginning of communication. The location is shown in Table 1:

Table 1

The position of the congestion marker bit in the packet Router for marking 1 5 2 8 3 7 4 6

In this way, position 1 is the congestion flag bit of router 5, position 2 is the congestion flag bit of router 8, position 3 is the congestion flag bit of router 7, and position 4 is the congestion flag bit of router 6.

It should be noted that Table 1 describes the above solution 2 by way of example only, and does not limit the specific implementation means of solution 2. In the actual application process, the specific implementation means of Scheme 2 can be determined according to actual needs.

Of course, the first router records the congestion status of the first router in the congestion flag bit of the first router in the second message, and it can also be realized in other ways, for example, the congestion status of each router can be recorded by characters, etc. . The present invention does not specifically limit this, and any scheme that marks the congestion state of each router belongs to the protection scope of the present invention.

Further, the specific content of the congestion flag can be determined according to actual requirements, which is not specifically limited in the present invention.

Exemplarily, when a router judges that it is congested, it can mark "1" on the router's congestion flag bit to indicate that the router is congested; and when it is judged that the router is not congested, it can mark "0" on the router's congestion flag bit , used to indicate that the router is not congested.

Exemplarily, when a router judges that it is congested, it can update the router's congestion flag to "1" to indicate that the router is congested; Update to indicate that this router is not congested.

Of course, the specific content marked in the congestion flag bit can be implemented in various ways, and can be determined according to actual requirements during the specific implementation process, and the above examples are not specifically limited thereto.

Exemplarily, assuming that host (Host) A sends a data packet to Host B, according to the routing information, the data packet needs to pass through router A and router B to reach Host B in sequence.

Assume that a data packet sent by Host A is shown in Table 2.

Table 2

It should be noted that Table 2 is only an example to describe a data packet, and does not limit the content and form of the data packet.

Assuming that in the transmission process, when the data packet shown in Table 2 is transmitted to router A, router A determines that its own congestion state is congested, then the congestion flag bit of router A in the data packet (the highest bit of the current transmission direction ) is updated to 1, and the data packet is shown in Table 3 at this time.

table 3

Assuming that in the transmission process, when the data packet shown in Table 3 is transmitted to router B, router B determines that its own congestion state is not congested, then the congestion flag bit of router B in the data packet (the lowest bit of the current transmission direction ) is not updated, and the data packet is still as shown in Table 3 at this time.

Therefore, the packets shown in Table 3 will arrive at Host B.

S105. The first router forwards the second packet in which the congestion state of the first router is recorded according to the first routing information.

Specifically, when the first router forwards the packet to the next hop according to the first routing information, the next hop may be a router or a receiving end device, and the specific forwarding process will not be described in detail here.

S106. The receiver device receives the first packet forwarded by the at least two routers. Wherein, the forwarded first message includes congestion state information of the at least two routers.

Specifically, during the transmission of the first message, the first message is first sent by the sending end device, and then reaches the receiving end device after being forwarded by the at least two routers according to the first routing information, because each When a router forwards a message, it marks its own congestion status at its own congestion mark bit in the message. Therefore, the first message forwarded by the at least two routers contains the at least two Congestion status information of a router.

S107. The receiving end device returns the congestion status information of the at least two routers to the sending end device.

Specifically, the receiving end device returns the congestion status information of the at least two routers to the sending end device, which may include the following two steps:

Step A, generating an acknowledgment packet, the acknowledgment packet is used to confirm that the receiving end device has received the first message, and the acknowledgment packet includes congestion status information of the at least two routers;

Step B. Send the confirmation packet to the sending device.

Further, if the message is an acknowledgment packet, the message may also go through the process from S101 to S106, and include a congestion flag bit in the message to record the congestion status of the routers that the acknowledgment packet passes through during transmission.

Further, when the message is an acknowledgment packet, in addition to the congestion status information of the at least two routers, the acknowledgment packet can also contain its own congestion flag bit to record the congestion of the routers passing through the transmission of the acknowledgment packet. Status; at this time, the packet contains the congestion flag bits of the two transmission directions.

Optionally, when the message includes the congestion flags of two transmission directions at the same time, it can be realized by using two parts of one congestion flag, or by using two congestion flags respectively. limited.

Further, when the packet includes the congestion flag bits of two transmission directions at the same time, and the two parts of one congestion flag bit are used for realization, the two rows of the congestion flag bits can be used for realization respectively.

Exemplarily, Table 4 shows that a packet includes congestion flag bits of two transmission directions at the same time.

Table 4

Wherein, different lines in the congestion flag bit identify congestion flag bits of different transmission directions.

It should be noted that Table 4 only exemplifies the congestion flag bits included in a message in the form of a table, and does not specifically limit the form and content of the congestion flag bit field included in the message. In practical applications, the form and content of the congestion flag bits included in the message may be determined according to actual requirements, which is not specifically limited in the present invention.

Further, after S102, the method may further include: the first router adds one to the value of the router flag bit in the second packet.

Wherein, the router flag bit is used to record the number of routers passed during the transmission process of the current transmission direction.

Exemplarily, Table 5 shows a message, and the message also includes a router flag bit of the current transmission direction.

table 5

It should be noted that Table 5 only exemplifies a message in the form of a table that also includes the router flag bit of the current transmission direction, and does not specifically limit the form and content of the message.

In this way, by including router flags in the message to record the number of routers the message passes through, the path length between the sending end device and the receiving end device can be detected, providing reference for further path planning.

Furthermore, the message may also include function indication information, which is used to indicate whether the message supports recording the congestion state of each router.

Specifically, when a Transmission Control Protocol (Transmission Control Protocol, referred to as TCP) connection is established, the communication parties negotiate whether to support the Extend Explicit Congestion Notification (Ext-ECN) function (that is, whether to support recording the congestion of each router). state).

Exemplarily, TCP reserved words can be used for negotiation. In order to be compatible with ECN, the last three bits of the 6-bit reserved word can be defined as extended ECN response (ECN-Echo-Extend, referred to as ECEx), ECN response (ECN-Echo, referred to as ECE), congestion window reduction (Congestion Window Reduced, referred to as CWR). Wherein, ECEx=1 indicates that Ex-ECN is supported, ECEx=0 and ECE=1 indicates that ECN is supported. The usage of CWR is the same as that of ECN and will not be repeated here.

Exemplarily, in order to be compatible with ECN, ECT in the original ECN protocol can be defined as 0 to define the use of ECN, and ECT to be 1 to define the use of Ex-ECN.

Of course, the corresponding relationship between the form of the function indication information and the content indication can be determined according to actual needs, and the present invention does not specifically limit this.

Correspondingly, before S104, the method may further include:

The first router judges whether the second message supports recording the congestion state of each router according to the function indication information;

If the packet supports recording the congestion state of each router, perform S104.

If the message does not support recording the congestion state of each router, the message may be processed accordingly according to the ECN technology in the prior art, which will not be repeated here.

In this way, the ECN function and the Ex-ECN function can be compatible, which improves the network compatibility and reduces the cost of network construction.

In the packet transmission method provided by the embodiment of the present invention, the sending end device sends the first packet according to the first routing information, wherein the first routing information includes routing information of at least two routers, and the first packet The text contains a congestion flag bit for recording the congestion state of each router in the first routing information; the first router among the at least two routers receives a second packet, wherein the second packet Including the first packet or the first packet forwarded by at least one router other than the first router among the at least two routers, the first router being one of the at least two routers Any router; the first router determines the congestion status of the first router; the first router records the congestion status of the first router in the congestion flag bit of the first router in the second message ; The first router forwards the second message that records the congestion status of the first router according to the first routing information; the receiving end device receives the first message forwarded by the at least two routers message, the forwarded first message includes the congestion state information of the at least two routers; the receiving end device returns the congestion state information of the at least two routers to the sending end device. In this way, the congestion status of each router passed through in the message transmission process is marked, that is, the congestion status of each link in the message transmission path is marked, compared with the prior art As far as only marking the congestion of the path is concerned, it is convenient for the sending end of the message to perform congestion control. In addition to adjusting the sending rate, it can also re-plan the path for message transmission according to the congestion of the link in the path, so that the congestion Various control methods and improved network utilization. It should be noted that, in the embodiment of the present invention, a link refers to a section of physical line from one node to an adjacent node without any other switching nodes in between. Those skilled in the art can know that, during data communication, the communication path between two computers usually passes through many segments of such links, and the link is only a component of one path.

Embodiment two

Embodiment 2 of the present invention provides another message transmission method. Taking the message transmission process of the sending end device, multiple routers and receiving end devices included in the message transmission system as an example, the first and second embodiments The described message transmission method is described in detail.

Taking the message transmission system shown in Figure 2 as an example, the sending end device (Host A) sends a data packet to the receiving end device (Host B), and according to the routing information, the data packet needs to pass through router A and router B to reach Host B in turn; Host B feeds back an acknowledgment packet to Host A through router C.

Wherein, the communication parties negotiate that according to the routing information, the congestion flag bit of the router is from high bit to low bit.

Referring to FIG. 3, the message transmission method provided by Embodiment 3 of the present invention may include:

S301. Host A clears the congestion flag bit and the router flag bit in the data packet.

Exemplarily, in S401, the data packets processed by Host A are shown in Table 6.

Table 6

S302. Host A sends a data packet to router A.

Exemplarily, Host A sends the data packets shown in Table 6 to Router A.

S303. Router A judges whether the data packet supports the Ex-ECN function.

Exemplarily, when router A receives the data packet shown in Table 6, according to the ECT information in the data packet being "1", it is judged that the received data packet supports the Ex-ECN function.

Optionally, if in S303, router A judges that the data packet supports the Ex-ECN function, execute S304; if in S303, router A judges that the data packet does not support the Ex-ECN function, then uses ECN technology for marking.

S304. Router A adds one to the value of the router flag bit in the data packet.

Exemplarily, router A adds one to the value of the router flag bit in the received data packet shown in Table 6, and the data packet is shown in Table 7 at this time.

Table 7

S305. Router A determines its own congestion state, and updates the congestion flag bit of router A in the data packet.

Exemplarily, assuming that router A judges that congestion occurs in router A by judging that the buffer queue length is greater than or equal to a preset threshold, the received data packets shown in Table 7 are updated as shown in Table 8.

Table 8

S306. Router A sends the updated data packet to router B.

Exemplarily, router A sends the data packet shown in Table 8 to router B.

S307. Router B updates the received data packet.

It should be noted that the process of router B forwarding the received data packet in S307 is the same as the process of router A forwarding the received data packet in S303 to S306, and will not be described in detail here.

Exemplarily, assuming that router B determines that its own congestion state is no congestion, after router B forwards the data packet in S307, the data packet is as shown in Table 9.

Table 9

S308. Router B sends the updated data packet to Host B.

Exemplarily, router B sends the data packets shown in Table 9 to Host B.

S309. Host B extracts the router flag and the congestion flag from the received data packet and adds them to the confirmation packet.

Exemplary, when Host B receives the data packet shown in table 9, according to the ECT in the data packet, it is judged that the data packet supports Ex-ECN, therefore, extract the router mark bit and the congestion mark bit in the data packet, add To the acknowledgment packet fed back to Host A, the acknowledgment packet at this time is shown in Table 10.

Table 10

S310. Host B feeds back an acknowledgment packet to router C.

Exemplarily, Host B feeds back the acknowledgment packet shown in Table 10 to Router C.

S311. The router C updates the confirmation packet.

It should be noted that the process of forwarding the confirmation packet by router C in S311 is the same as the process of forwarding the data packet by router A in S303 to S306, and will not be described in detail here.

Exemplarily, assuming that router C determines that its own congestion state is no congestion, after router C updates the acknowledgment packet in S311, the acknowledgment packet is as shown in Table 11.

Table 11

S312. Router C sends an updated confirmation packet to Host A.

Exemplarily, router C may send the confirmation packet shown in Table 11 to Host A.

Specifically, when Host A receives the acknowledgment packet shown in Table 11, it can know that router A is congested; referring to this information, Host A can re-plan the path to avoid congestion.

In the packet transmission method provided by the embodiment of the present invention, the sending end device sends the first packet according to the first routing information, wherein the first routing information includes routing information of at least two routers, and the first packet The text contains a congestion flag bit for recording the congestion state of each router in the first routing information; the first router among the at least two routers receives a second packet, wherein the second packet Including the first packet or the first packet forwarded by at least one router other than the first router among the at least two routers, the first router being one of the at least two routers Any router; the first router determines the congestion status of the first router; the first router records the congestion status of the first router in the congestion flag bit of the first router in the second message ; The first router forwards the second message that records the congestion status of the first router according to the first routing information; the receiving end device receives the first message forwarded by the at least two routers message, the forwarded first message includes the congestion state information of the at least two routers; the receiving end device returns the congestion state information of the at least two routers to the sending end device. In this way, the congestion status of each router passed through in the message transmission process is marked, that is, the congestion status of each link in the message transmission path is marked, compared with the prior art As far as only marking the congestion of the path is concerned, it is convenient for the sending end of the message to perform congestion control. In addition to adjusting the sending rate, it can also re-plan the path for message transmission according to the congestion of the link in the path, so that the congestion Various control methods and improved network utilization. The message transmission method provided by the embodiment of the present invention can enable the sender device to control the sending of subsequent messages by knowing the congestion state of each link in the path, which is beneficial to reduce the congestion of communication links and improve network utilization.

Embodiment three

Embodiment 3 of the present invention provides a message transmission system 40. Referring to FIG. 4, the message transmission system 40 may include a sending end device 401, a receiving end device 402, and multiple routers 403; wherein,

The sending end device 401 is configured to send a first packet according to the first routing information, wherein the first routing information includes routing information of at least two routers 403, and the first packet includes routing information for record the congestion flag bit of the congestion state of each router in the first routing information;

The first router 403 of the at least two routers 403 is configured to: receive a second message, wherein the second message includes the first message or passes through the at least two routers except the first message. A first packet forwarded by at least one router other than the router, where the first router is any one of the at least two routers;

The first router 403 is further configured to determine the congestion state of the first router;

The first router 403 is further configured to record the congestion status of the first router in the congestion flag bit of the first router in the second packet;

The first router 403 is further configured to forward, according to the first routing information, the second packet recorded with the congestion state of the first router;

The receiving end device 402 is configured to receive the first message forwarded by the at least two routers 403, where the forwarded first message includes congestion state information of the at least two routers 403;

The receiving end device 402 is further configured to return the congestion state information of the at least two routers 403 to the sending end device.

Further, the first router 403 may also be used for:

After receiving the second message, add one to the value of the router flag in the second message; wherein, the router flag is used to record the number of routers passed during the transmission process of the current transmission direction.

Further, the sending end device 401 may also be used for:

Before sending the first packet according to the first routing information, the value of the congestion flag bit in the first packet is cleared.

Further, the receiving end device 402 may specifically be used for:

generating an acknowledgment packet, where the acknowledgment packet is used to confirm that the receiving end device has received the first message, and the acknowledgment packet includes congestion status information of the at least two routers;

Send the confirmation packet to the sending end device 401 .

Optionally, the first router 403 may specifically be used for:

If the buffer queue length of the first router is not less than a preset threshold, then determining that the congestion state of the first router is congestion;

If the buffer queue length of the first router is smaller than a preset threshold, it is determined that the congestion state of the first router is no congestion.

In the packet transmission system provided by the embodiment of the present invention, the sending end device sends the first packet according to the first routing information, wherein the first routing information includes routing information of at least two routers, and the first packet The text contains a congestion flag bit for recording the congestion state of each router in the first routing information; the first router among the at least two routers receives a second packet, wherein the second packet Including the first packet or the first packet forwarded by at least one router other than the first router among the at least two routers, the first router being one of the at least two routers Any router; the first router determines the congestion status of the first router; the first router records the congestion status of the first router in the congestion flag bit of the first router in the second message ; The first router forwards the second message that records the congestion status of the first router according to the first routing information; the receiving end device receives the first message forwarded by the at least two routers message, the forwarded first message includes the congestion state information of the at least two routers; the receiving end device returns the congestion state information of the at least two routers to the sending end device. In this way, the congestion status of each router passed through in the message transmission process is marked, that is, the congestion status of each link in the message transmission path is marked, compared with the prior art As far as only marking the congestion of the path is concerned, it is convenient for the sending end of the message to perform congestion control. In addition to adjusting the sending rate, it can also re-plan the path for message transmission according to the congestion of the link in the path, so that the congestion Various control methods and improved network utilization. The message transmission system provided by the embodiment of the present invention can mark the congestion state of each link in the path in the message, so that the sending end device can control the sending of subsequent messages through the learned congestion state of each link in the path, It is beneficial to reduce the congestion of the communication link and improve the utilization rate of the network.

Through the above description of the implementation, those skilled in the art can clearly understand that for the convenience and brevity of the description, the specific working process of the above-described device can refer to the corresponding process in the foregoing method embodiment, which is not repeated here. repeat.

The essence of the technical solution of the present invention or the part that contributes to the prior art or all or part of the technical solution can be embodied in the form of a software product, which is stored in a storage medium and includes several instructions for Make a device (which may be a single-chip microcomputer, a chip, etc.) or a processor (processor) execute all or part of the steps of the methods described in the various embodiments of the present invention. The aforementioned storage medium includes: U disk, mobile hard disk, read-only memory (ROM, Read-Only Memory), random access memory (RAM, Random Access Memory), magnetic disk or optical disk and other media that can store program codes. .

The above descriptions are only specific embodiments of the present invention, but the protection scope of the present invention is not limited thereto.

Claims (10)

1. A method for message transmission, characterized in that it is applied to a message transmission system, and the message transmission system includes a sending end device, a receiving end device and a plurality of routers; the method comprises: The sending end device sends a first message according to the first routing information, wherein the first routing information includes routing information of at least two routers, and the first message includes information for recording the first The congestion flag bit of the congestion state of each router in the routing information; The first router among the at least two routers receives the second packet, wherein the second packet includes the first packet or passes through the at least two routers except the first router The first packet forwarded by at least one other router, where the first router is any one of the at least two routers; determining a congestion state of the first router by the first router; The first router records the congestion state of the first router in the congestion flag bit of the first router in the second packet; forwarding, by the first router, the second packet recorded with the congestion state of the first router according to the first routing information; The receiving end device receives the first message forwarded by the at least two routers, and the forwarded first message includes congestion state information of the at least two routers; The receiving end device returns the congestion state information of the at least two routers to the sending end device. 2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that, after the first router receives the second message, the method further comprises: The first router adds one to the value of the router flag in the second packet; wherein, the router flag is used to record the number of routers passed during the transmission process of the current transmission direction. 3. The method according to claim 1 or 2, wherein, before the sending end device sends the first message according to the first routing information, the method further comprises: The sending end device clears the value of the congestion flag bit in the first packet to zero. 4. The method according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the receiving end device returns the congestion state information of the at least two routers to the sending end device, comprising: The receiving end device generates an acknowledgment packet, the acknowledgment packet is used to confirm that the receiving end device has received the first message, and the acknowledgment packet includes congestion status information of the at least two routers; The receiving end device sends the confirmation packet to the sending end device. 5. The method according to claim 1 or 2, wherein determining the congestion state of the first router by the first router comprises: If the buffer queue length of the first router is not less than a preset threshold, then determining that the congestion state of the first router is congestion; If the buffer queue length of the first router is smaller than the preset threshold, it is determined that the congestion state of the first router is no congestion. 6. A message transmission system, characterized in that, the message transmission system includes a sending end device, a receiving end device, and a plurality of routers; wherein, The sending end device is configured to send a first message according to the first routing information, wherein the first routing information includes routing information of at least two routers, and the first message includes information for recording all The congestion flag bit of the congestion state of each router in the first routing information; The first router of the at least two routers is used for: receiving a second packet, where the second packet includes the first packet or the first packet forwarded by at least one router other than the first router among the at least two routers, The first router is any router in the at least two routers; determining a congestion state of the first router; recording the congestion state of the first router in the congestion flag bit of the first router in the second packet; Forwarding the second packet recorded with the congestion state of the first router according to the first routing information; The receiving end device is configured to receive the first packet forwarded by the at least two routers, the forwarded first packet contains congestion state information of the at least two routers, and send the The congestion state information of the at least two routers is returned to the sending end device. 7. The system according to claim 6, wherein the first router is also used for: After receiving the second message, add one to the value of the router flag bit in the second message, where the router flag bit is used to record the number of routers passed during the transmission process of the current transmission direction. 8. The system according to claim 6 or 7, wherein the sending end device is further used for: Before sending the first packet according to the first routing information, the value of the congestion flag bit in the first packet is cleared. 9. The system according to claim 6 or 7, wherein the receiving end device is specifically used for: generating an acknowledgment packet, where the acknowledgment packet is used to confirm that the receiving end device has received the first message, and the acknowledgment packet includes congestion status information of the at least two routers; Send the confirmation packet to the sending end device. 10. The system according to claim 6 or 7, wherein the first router is specifically used for: If the buffer queue length of the first router is not less than a preset threshold, then determining that the congestion state of the first router is congestion; If the buffer queue length of the first router is smaller than a preset threshold, it is determined that the congestion state of the first router is no congestion.