CN106353816B - A kind of earthquake-capturing footprint Noise Elimination method and system - Google Patents
A kind of earthquake-capturing footprint Noise Elimination method and system Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The embodiment of the present application discloses a kind of earthquake-capturing footprint Noise Elimination method and system, the method includes：Obtain original post-stack seismic data；The arrangement mode for adjusting original post-stack seismic data obtains the original post-stack seismic data of standard；The seismic data being sliced at the first time in the original post-stack seismic data of acquisition standard carries out Laplace transform to the seismic data of first time slice, obtains Laplace transform seismic data；Laplace transform seismic data is subjected to two-dimensional Fourier transform, obtains Laplace transform seismic data wave-number spectrum, obtains the filtering factor of slice at the first time；The seismic data of first time slice is subjected to two-dimensional Fourier transform, obtains the seismic data wave-number spectrum being sliced at the first time；Footprint Noise Elimination is acquired to the seismic data wave-number spectrum of first time slice using the filtering factor of first time slice.Automatic identification can be improved and suppress acquisition footprint noise and keep the ability of effective geologic signals.
Description
Technical Field
The application relates to the technical field of seismic data processing in petroleum seismic exploration, in particular to a method and a system for suppressing seismic acquisition footprint noise.
Background
The observation system used during the acquisition of the seismic data can interfere with the acquired seismic data, and this interference can be figuratively likened to leave a footprint in the seismic data, i.e., the acquisition footprint. This footprint, which appears as regular amplitude variations in the time slices of the post-stack seismic data, is a systematic noise modulated on the formation reflection signals that severely affects the accuracy of the inversion of the seismic attributes.
There are three ways to attenuate and collect footprint noise, the first is to minimize the variation of the number of tracks with different offset distances by collecting the parameter settings of the system; the second approach is to minimize the inter-gather difference to be stacked by pre-stack processing; the third approach is to press capture footprints by post-stack processing. The seismic data processing example shows that the acquired footprints still develop after the acquisition parameters are optimized and the pre-stack processing measures are taken. Therefore, noise suppression of post-stack seismic data is needed to improve seismic data signal-to-noise ratio and highlight effective reflected signals.
The method for suppressing acquired footprint noise based on post-stack seismic exploration data mainly comprises a frequency wave number (F-Kx-Ky) filtering method, wherein the method comprises the steps of transforming original seismic data from a space domain to a wave number domain through two-dimensional Fourier transform to obtain an original seismic data wave number spectrum, designing a filtering factor according to the periodic characteristics of acquired footprints, performing footprint noise acquisition and suppression on the original seismic data wave spectrum number by using the filtering factor to obtain a target seismic data wave spectrum number, and transforming the target seismic data wave spectrum number from the wave number domain to the space domain through two-dimensional inverse Fourier transform to complete footprint noise acquisition and suppression.
The inventor finds that at least the following problems exist in the prior art:
partially acquired footprints, such as marine acquired footprint noise, have time and space varying characteristics with no apparent periodic distribution characteristics throughout the seismic data. Because the filtering method of the frequency wave number in the prior art designs the filtering factor according to the periodic characteristics of the collected footprints to complete the noise suppression of the collected footprints, the method is difficult to effectively identify and suppress the collected footprints which change along with time and space, and has poor capability of keeping geological signals.
Disclosure of Invention
The embodiment of the application aims to provide a method and a system for suppressing the seismic acquisition footprint noise so as to improve the capability of automatically identifying and suppressing the acquisition footprint noise and maintaining an effective geological signal.
In order to solve the above technical problem, an embodiment of the present application provides a method and a system for suppressing noise of a seismic acquisition footprint, which are implemented as follows:
a seismic acquisition footprint noise suppression method, comprising:
acquiring original post-stack seismic data;
adjusting the arrangement mode of the original post-stack seismic data to obtain standard original post-stack seismic data;
acquiring seismic data of a first time slice in the standard original post-stack seismic data, and performing Laplace transform on the seismic data of the first time slice to obtain Laplace transform seismic data;
performing two-dimensional Fourier transform on the Laplace transform seismic data to obtain a Laplace transform seismic data wave number spectrum, and acquiring a filter factor of a first time slice according to the Laplace transform seismic data wave number spectrum;
performing two-dimensional Fourier transform on the seismic data of the first time slice to obtain a seismic data wave number spectrum of the first time slice;
and utilizing the filtering factor of the first time slice to carry out acquisition footprint noise suppression on the seismic data wave number spectrum of the first time slice.
In a preferred embodiment, after performing acquisition footprint noise suppression on the seismic data wavenumber spectrum of the first time slice by using the filter factor of the first time slice, the method further includes:
converting the wave number spectrum of the seismic data of the first time slice after the acquired footprint noise is suppressed from a wave number domain to a space domain to obtain intermediate post-stack seismic data;
and adjusting the arrangement mode of the intermediate post-stack seismic data to obtain target post-stack seismic data.
In the preferred scheme, the arrangement mode of the intermediate post-stack seismic data is adjusted by matrix transposition.
In a preferred embodiment, the obtaining a filter factor of a first time slice according to the wave number spectrum of the laplace transform seismic data includes:
according to the Laplace transform seismic data wave number spectrum, acquiring a maximum wave value and a minimum wave number value in the Laplace transform seismic data wave number spectrum;
adjusting wave values in the wave number spectrum of the Laplace transform seismic data according to a preset rule and the maximum wave values and the minimum wave values;
and taking the adjusted wave number spectrum of the Laplace transform seismic data as a filtering factor of the first time slice.
In a preferred embodiment, the adjusting the wave number value in the wave number spectrum of the laplace transform seismic data according to a preset rule and the maximum wave value and the minimum wave value includes:
the method is realized by adopting the following formula:
in the formula, AiRepresenting the ith wave number value in the adjusted wave number spectrum of the Laplace transform seismic data; a. the0maxRepresenting a maximum wave value in the wave number spectrum of the Laplace transform seismic data before the adjustment; a. the0minRepresenting a minimum wavelet value in the wave number spectrum of the Laplace transform seismic data before the adjustment; a. the0iRepresenting the ith wave value in the wave number spectrum of the Laplace transform seismic data before the adjustment.
In a preferred embodiment, the performing footprint noise suppression on the seismic data wavenumber spectrum of the first time slice by using the filter factor of the first time slice includes: and multiplying the filtering factor of the first time slice and the seismic data wavenumber spectrum of the first time slice in the wavenumber domain.
In a preferred embodiment, the seismic data includes: time, amplitude value, master wire number and tie wire number.
In a preferred embodiment, the adjusting the arrangement of the original post-stack seismic data includes: adjusting arrangement modes of at least two dimensions of the original post-stack seismic data;
specifically, a time dimension of at least two dimensions of the original post-stack seismic data is set as a slowest dimension; the at least two dimensions of the original post-stack seismic data include: the time dimension corresponding to the time, the main survey line dimension corresponding to the main survey line number and the contact survey line dimension corresponding to the contact survey line number.
In a preferred scheme, the arrangement mode of the original post-stack seismic data is adjusted by matrix transposition.
A seismic acquisition footprint noise suppression system comprising: the device comprises an original post-stack seismic data acquisition unit, an arrangement mode adjustment unit, a Laplace transform unit, a filter factor acquisition unit, a Fourier transform unit and a noise suppression unit; wherein,
the original post-stack seismic data acquisition unit is used for acquiring original post-stack seismic data;
the arrangement mode adjusting unit is used for adjusting the arrangement mode of the original post-stack seismic data to obtain standard original post-stack seismic data;
the Laplace transform unit is used for acquiring seismic data of a first time slice in the standard original post-stack seismic data and performing Laplace transform on the seismic data of the first time slice to obtain Laplace transform seismic data;
the filtering factor obtaining unit is configured to perform two-dimensional fourier transform on the laplace transform seismic data to obtain a laplace transform seismic data wave number spectrum, and obtain a filtering factor of a first time slice according to the laplace transform seismic data wave number spectrum;
the Fourier transform unit is used for performing two-dimensional Fourier transform on the seismic data of the first time slice to obtain a seismic data wave number spectrum of the first time slice;
and the noise suppression unit is used for acquiring footprint noise suppression on the seismic data wave number spectrum of the first time slice by using the filtering factor of the first time slice.
In a preferred embodiment, the system further comprises: the device comprises a middle post-stack seismic data acquisition unit and a target post-stack seismic data acquisition unit; wherein,
the intermediate post-stack seismic data acquisition unit is used for converting the wave number spectrum of the seismic data of the first time slice after the acquired footprint noise is suppressed from a wave number domain to a space domain to obtain intermediate post-stack seismic data;
and the target post-stack seismic data acquisition unit is used for adjusting the arrangement mode of the intermediate post-stack seismic data to obtain the target post-stack seismic data.
The method is used for carrying out acquisition footprint pressing on the stacked seismic data, can automatically identify and suppress acquisition footprint noises according to the characteristic that the acquisition footprints of the seismic data of the marine streamer vary with space and time, and can effectively keep geological signals.
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In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present application or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings needed to be used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below, it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments described in the present application, and for those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained according to the drawings without any creative effort.
FIG. 1 is a flow chart of an embodiment of a method for suppressing noise of seismic acquisition footprints of the present application;
FIG. 2 is a schematic illustration of seismic data and its wavenumber spectrum for a time slice at 1000 milliseconds of the present application;
FIG. 3 is a schematic representation of Laplace transformed seismic data and the wavenumber spectrum of Laplace transformed seismic data after Laplace transformation of seismic data for a time slice at 1000 milliseconds of the application;
FIG. 4 is a schematic illustration of the present application collecting seismic data and its wavenumber spectrum for a time slice at 1000 milliseconds after footprint noise suppression;
FIG. 5 is a schematic of the present application collecting seismic data differences and their wavenumber spectra for time slices at 1000 milliseconds before and after footprint noise suppression;
FIG. 6 is a block diagram of an embodiment of a seismic acquisition footprint noise suppression system according to the present application.
Detailed Description
The embodiment of the application provides a method and a system for suppressing earthquake acquisition footprint noise.
In order to make those skilled in the art better understand the technical solutions in the present application, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present application, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present application, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present application.
Fig. 1 is a flowchart of an embodiment of a method for suppressing noise of a seismic acquisition footprint according to the present application. As shown in FIG. 1, the method for suppressing the seismic acquisition footprint noise comprises the following steps.
Step S101: original post-stack seismic data is acquired.
Specifically, the original post-stack seismic data may be read into a computer memory. The seismic data from the same underground reflection point received from the earth surface are subjected to dynamic correction and then are stacked, so that the signal-to-noise ratio of the seismic data can be effectively improved, and the stacked seismic data are called as post-stack seismic data. The raw post-stack seismic data may include: time, amplitude value, Inline (Inline) number and crossline (Xline) number. The original post-stack seismic data is three-dimensional seismic data, and may include: the temporal direction, the Inline direction, and the Xline direction. The Inline direction and the Xline direction in the original post-stack seismic data are perpendicular to each other, and the time direction is perpendicular to both the Inline direction and the Xline direction.
For example, the amplitude value in the original post-stack seismic data may be an amplitude value of a corresponding time sample of an Inline number 5574 in an Inline direction and an Xline number 3221 in an Xline direction in the original post-stack seismic data at a time 1000 milliseconds in the time direction.
Step S102: and adjusting the arrangement mode of the original post-stack seismic data to obtain standard original post-stack seismic data.
In particular, the dimensions of the original post-stack seismic data may include: the time dimension corresponding to the time, the main survey line dimension corresponding to the main survey line number and the contact survey line dimension corresponding to the contact survey line number. The raw post-stack seismic data is arranged according to an Inline dimension-Xline dimension-time dimension sequence. Because the acquisition footprint has regular characteristics such as banding along a time slice, the arrangement mode of the original post-stack seismic data can be adjusted to a sequence of time dimension-Inline dimension-Xline dimension by matrix transposition. I.e. the time dimension can be set to the slowest dimension. The arrangement adjusted original post-stack seismic data may be used as standard original post-stack seismic data.
For example, the matrix transposing process can be implemented as follows:
defining the matrix A to be an n × m order matrix B, and satisfying B ═ a (j, i), i.e. B (i, j) ═ a (j, i) (i, j, iTB. Two-dimensional matrixTransposition of a machineAnd similarly, the transposition of the three-dimensional array is kept unchanged in one dimension, and the transposition of the two-dimensional array is realized according to a two-dimensional matrix transposition mode.
Step S103: and acquiring seismic data of a first time slice in the standard original post-stack seismic data, and performing Laplace transform on the seismic data of the first time slice to obtain Laplace transform seismic data.
Specifically, the standard raw post-stack seismic data may be converted from a time domain to a time slice domain, and seismic data of a first time slice corresponding to a first time may be obtained. The obtained seismic data of the first time slice can be subjected to Laplace transform to obtain Laplace transform seismic data, and acquisition footprint noise in the standard original post-stack seismic data can be highlighted in the Laplace transform seismic data. The seismic data of the first time slice may be seismic data of any time slice corresponding to any time in the standard original post-stack seismic data.
For example, as shown in FIG. 2, the left image in FIG. 2 is seismic data for a time slice at the 1000 millisecond. As shown in FIG. 3, the left image in FIG. 3 is Laplace transformed seismic data after Laplace transformation of seismic data for the time slice at the 1000 millisecond in FIG. 2. As can be seen in the left image of fig. 3, after the time slice seismic data at the 1000 th millisecond is subjected to laplace transform, the striped acquisition footprint noise is highlighted in the laplace transform seismic data, so that the acquisition footprint noise is effectively characterized.
Step S104: and performing two-dimensional Fourier transform on the Laplace transform seismic data to obtain a Laplace transform seismic data wave number spectrum, and acquiring a filter factor of a first time slice according to the Laplace transform seismic data wave number spectrum.
Specifically, the laplace transform seismic data in the left image in fig. 3 is subjected to two-dimensional fourier transform to obtain the spectrum number of the laplace transform seismic data. According to the wave number spectrum of the laplace transform seismic data in the right graph in fig. 3, the maximum wave number value and the minimum wave number value in the wave number spectrum of the laplace transform seismic data can be obtained. According to a preset rule, the maximum wave value and the minimum wave value, the wave value in the wave number spectrum of the Laplace transform seismic data can be adjusted. The preset rule can be implemented by adopting the following formula:
in the formula, AiRepresenting the ith wave number value in the adjusted wave number spectrum of the Laplace transform seismic data; a. the0maxRepresenting a maximum wave value in the wave number spectrum of the Laplace transform seismic data before the adjustment; a. the0minRepresenting a minimum wavelet value in the wave number spectrum of the Laplace transform seismic data before the adjustment; a. the0iRepresenting the ith wave value in the wave number spectrum of the Laplace transform seismic data before the adjustment. And adjusting the wave number value of the wave number spectrum of the Laplace transform seismic data according to the formula, and taking the adjusted wave number spectrum of the Laplace transform seismic data as a filtering factor of the first time slice. The obtained filter factor for the first time slice is obtained based on the seismic data for the first time slice. Thus, the filter factor for each time slice may be variedThe variation of the acquired footprint noise in the seismic data of each time slice identified after the laplace transform varies, and the acquired footprint noise in the seismic data of each time slice can be effectively suppressed.
For example: as shown in fig. 3, the right graph in fig. 3 is a spectrum number of the laplace transform seismic data obtained by performing two-dimensional fourier transform on the laplace transform seismic data in the left graph in fig. 3. And (3) performing wave value adjustment on the wave number of the Laplace transform seismic data in the right image in the image 3 according to the formula, and taking the wave number spectrum of the adjusted Laplace transform seismic data as a filter factor of a time slice at the 1000 th millisecond position.
Step S105: and performing two-dimensional Fourier transform on the seismic data of the first time slice to obtain a seismic data wave number spectrum of the first time slice.
Specifically, the seismic data of the first time slice in the standard original post-stack seismic data is subjected to two-dimensional fourier transform to obtain a seismic data wave number spectrum of the first time slice, so that the filtering factors in the steps are used for performing acquisition footprint pressing on the seismic data of the first time slice in a wave number domain.
For example, the seismic data of the time slice at 1000 msec in the left image in fig. 2 is subjected to two-dimensional fourier transform, and the seismic data wave number spectrum of the time slice at 1000 msec is obtained. The right image in fig. 2 is the number of spectra of the seismic data for the time slice at 1000 milliseconds after the two-dimensional fourier transform.
It should be noted that step S105 may be before or after step S103 and/or step S104, and the present application does not limit this.
Step S106: and utilizing the filtering factor of the first time slice to carry out acquisition footprint noise suppression on the seismic data wave number spectrum of the first time slice.
Specifically, the filtering factor of the first time slice may be multiplied by the seismic data wave number spectrum of the first time slice in the wave number domain, and the seismic data wave number spectrum of the first time slice is subjected to acquisition footprint pressing to obtain the seismic data wave number spectrum of the first time slice after the acquisition footprint pressing.
For example, FIG. 4 is a schematic illustration of the present application collecting seismic data and its wavenumber spectrum for a time slice at 1000 milliseconds after footprint noise suppression. As shown in fig. 4, the left diagram in fig. 4 is the seismic data of the time slice at 1000 ms after the acquisition of the footprint noise suppression, and the right diagram in fig. 4 is the seismic data wave number spectrum of the time slice at 1000 ms after the acquisition of the footprint noise suppression after the two-dimensional fourier transform. Comparing the left image in fig. 2 with the left image in fig. 4, it can be seen that the stripe-shaped collected footprint noise can be effectively suppressed. As can be seen from the right image in FIG. 4, the low and high wave number type collected footprint noise can be suppressed.
FIG. 5 is a schematic of the present application collecting seismic data differences and their wavenumber spectra for time slices at 1000 milliseconds before and after footprint noise suppression. As shown in fig. 5, the left graph in fig. 5 shows the seismic data difference of the time slice at 1000 msec before and after the acquisition of the footprint noise suppression, and the right graph in fig. 5 shows the seismic data difference wave number spectrum of the time slice at 1000 msec before and after the acquisition of the footprint noise suppression after the two-dimensional fourier transform. As can be seen from fig. 5, geological information before and after footprint compression is collected is effectively maintained.
In another embodiment, the wavenumber spectrum of the seismic data of the first time slice after the acquisition of the footprint noise suppression may be converted from the wavenumber domain to the spatial domain to obtain intermediate post-stack seismic data. The arrangement mode of the intermediate post-stack seismic data can be adjusted to obtain target post-stack seismic data.
Specifically, the above embodiment may be adopted to perform acquisition footprint pressing on seismic data of time slices corresponding to other times except for the time slice at the 1000 th millisecond position in the standard post-stack seismic data, so as to obtain seismic data wave number spectrums of all time slices in the standard post-stack seismic data after acquisition footprint noise pressing. And by adopting two-dimensional inverse Fourier transform, the wave number spectrums of the seismic data of all time slices in the standard post-stack seismic data after the acquired footprint noise is suppressed can be converted into a time slice domain from a wave number domain, and then the wave number spectrums are converted into a time domain from the time slice domain to obtain intermediate post-stack seismic data. The arrangement mode of the middle post-stack seismic data can be adjusted to be a sequence of Inline dimension-Xline dimension-time dimension through matrix transposition, and target post-stack seismic data are obtained. Therefore, the noise suppression of the acquired footprint of the whole original post-stack seismic data is realized. Here, the method of matrix transposition in this step is the same as the method of matrix transposition in step S102.
According to the embodiment of the method for suppressing the seismic acquisition footprint noise, the acquisition footprint suppression is performed on the stacked seismic data based on the mode of combining the Laplace transform and wave number filtering of the time slice seismic data, the acquisition footprint noise can be automatically identified and suppressed according to the characteristic that the acquisition footprint of the seismic data of the marine streamer changes along with space and time, and geological signals can be effectively kept.
FIG. 6 is a block diagram of an embodiment of a seismic acquisition footprint noise suppression system according to the present application. As shown in fig. 6, the seismic acquisition footprint noise suppression system may include: the device comprises an original post-stack seismic data acquisition unit 100, an arrangement mode adjusting unit 200, a Laplace transform unit 300, a filter factor acquisition unit 400, a Fourier transform unit 500 and a noise suppression unit 600.
The original post-stack seismic data acquisition unit 100 may be configured to acquire original post-stack seismic data.
The arrangement adjusting unit 200 may be configured to adjust an arrangement of the original post-stack seismic data to obtain standard original post-stack seismic data.
The laplacian transform unit 300 may be configured to obtain seismic data of a first time slice of the standard raw post-stack seismic data. The first time slice of seismic data may be subjected to a laplace transform to obtain laplace transform seismic data.
The filtering factor obtaining unit 400 may be configured to perform two-dimensional fourier transform on the laplace transform seismic data to obtain a wave number spectrum of the laplace transform seismic data. And obtaining a filter factor of the first time slice according to the wave number spectrum of the Laplace transform seismic data.
The second fourier transform unit 500 may be configured to perform two-dimensional fourier transform on the seismic data of the first time slice to obtain a wave number spectrum of the seismic data of the first time slice.
The noise suppression unit 600 may be configured to perform acquisition footprint noise suppression on the seismic data wavenumber spectrum of the first time slice by using the filter factor of the first time slice.
In another embodiment, the seismic acquisition footprint noise suppression system may further comprise: an intermediate post-stack seismic data acquisition unit 700 and a target post-stack seismic data acquisition unit 800.
The post-intermediate-stack seismic data acquisition unit 700 may be configured to convert a wave number spectrum of the seismic data of the first time slice after footprint noise suppression from a wave number domain to a spatial domain, so as to obtain post-intermediate-stack seismic data.
The target post-stack seismic data acquisition unit 800 may be configured to adjust an arrangement manner of the intermediate post-stack seismic data to obtain target post-stack seismic data.
The embodiment of the seismic acquisition footprint noise suppression system corresponds to the embodiment of the seismic acquisition footprint noise suppression method, can realize acquisition footprint suppression on post-stack seismic data, can automatically identify and suppress acquisition footprint noise according to the characteristics of the acquisition footprint of the seismic data of the marine streamer along with the change of space and time, and can effectively keep geological signals.
In the 90 s of the 20 th century, improvements in a technology could clearly distinguish between improvements in hardware (e.g., improvements in circuit structures such as diodes, transistors, switches, etc.) and improvements in software (improvements in process flow). However, as technology advances, many of today's process flow improvements have been seen as direct improvements in hardware circuit architecture. Designers almost always obtain the corresponding hardware circuit structure by programming an improved method flow into the hardware circuit. Thus, it cannot be said that an improvement in the process flow cannot be realized by hardware physical modules. For example, a Programmable Logic Device (PLD), such as a Field Programmable Gate Array (FPGA), is an integrated circuit whose Logic functions are determined by programming the Device by a user. A digital system is "integrated" on a PLD by the designer's own programming without requiring the chip manufacturer to design and fabricate a dedicated integrated circuit chip 2. Furthermore, nowadays, instead of manually making an integrated Circuit chip, such Programming is often implemented by "logic compiler" software, which is similar to a software compiler used in program development and writing, but the original code before compiling is also written by a specific Programming Language, which is called Hardware Description Language (HDL), and HDL is not only one but many, such as ABEL (Advanced Boolean Expression Language), AHDL (alternate Hardware Description Language), traffic, CUPL (core universal Programming Language), HDCal, jhddl (Java Hardware Description Language), Lava, Lola, HDL, PALASM, rhyd (Hardware Description Language), and vhjhddl (Hardware Description Language), which is currently used in most popular version-version Language (Hardware Description Language). It will also be apparent to those skilled in the art that hardware circuitry that implements the logical method flows can be readily obtained by merely slightly programming the method flows into an integrated circuit using the hardware description languages described above.
The controller may be implemented in any suitable manner, for example, the controller may take the form of, for example, a microprocessor or processor and a computer-readable medium storing computer-readable program code (e.g., software or firmware) executable by the (micro) processor, logic gates, switches, an Application Specific Integrated Circuit (ASIC), a programmable logic controller, and an embedded microcontroller, examples of which include, but are not limited to, the following microcontrollers: ARC 625D, Atmel AT91SAM, Microchip PIC18F26K20, and Silicone Labs C8051F320, the memory controller may also be implemented as part of the control logic for the memory.
Those skilled in the art will also appreciate that, in addition to implementing the controller as pure computer readable program code, the same functionality can be implemented by logically programming method steps such that the controller is in the form of logic gates, switches, application specific integrated circuits, programmable logic controllers, embedded microcontrollers and the like. Such a controller may thus be considered a hardware component, and the means included therein for performing the various functions may also be considered as a structure within the hardware component. Or even means for performing the functions may be regarded as being both a software module for performing the method and a structure within a hardware component.
The systems, devices, modules or units illustrated in the above embodiments may be implemented by a computer chip or an entity, or by a product with certain functions.
For convenience of description, the above devices are described as being divided into various units by function, and are described separately. Of course, the functionality of the units may be implemented in one or more software and/or hardware when implementing the present application.
From the above description of the embodiments, it is clear to those skilled in the art that the present application can be implemented by software plus necessary general hardware platform. With this understanding in mind, the present solution, or portions thereof that contribute to the prior art, may be embodied in the form of a software product, which in a typical configuration includes one or more processors (CPUs), input/output interfaces, network interfaces, and memory. The computer software product may include instructions for causing a computing device (which may be a personal computer, a server, or a network device, etc.) to perform the methods described in the various embodiments or portions of embodiments of the present application. The computer software product may be stored in a memory, which may include forms of volatile memory in a computer readable medium, Random Access Memory (RAM) and/or non-volatile memory, such as Read Only Memory (ROM) or flash memory (flash RAM). Memory is an example of a computer-readable medium. Computer-readable media, including both non-transitory and non-transitory, removable and non-removable media, may implement information storage by any method or technology. The information may be computer readable instructions, data structures, modules of a program, or other data. Examples of computer storage media include, but are not limited to, phase change memory (PRAM), Static Random Access Memory (SRAM), Dynamic Random Access Memory (DRAM), other types of Random Access Memory (RAM), Read Only Memory (ROM), Electrically Erasable Programmable Read Only Memory (EEPROM), flash memory or other memory technology, compact disc read only memory (CD-ROM), Digital Versatile Discs (DVD) or other optical storage, magnetic cassettes, magnetic tape magnetic disk storage or other magnetic storage devices, or any other non-transmission medium that can be used to store information that can be accessed by a computing device. As defined herein, computer readable media does not include transitory computer readable media (transient media), such as modulated data signals and carrier waves.
The embodiments in the present specification are described in a progressive manner, and the same and similar parts among the embodiments are referred to each other, and each embodiment focuses on the differences from the other embodiments. In particular, for the system embodiment, since it is substantially similar to the method embodiment, the description is simple, and for the relevant points, reference may be made to the partial description of the method embodiment.
The application is operational with numerous general purpose or special purpose computing system environments or configurations. For example: personal computers, server computers, hand-held or portable devices, tablet-type devices, multiprocessor systems, microprocessor-based systems, set top boxes, programmable consumer electronics, network PCs, minicomputers, mainframe computers, distributed computing environments that include any of the above systems or devices, and the like.
The application may be described in the general context of computer-executable instructions, such as program modules, being executed by a computer. Generally, program modules include routines, programs, objects, components, data structures, etc. that perform particular tasks or implement particular abstract data types. The application may also be practiced in distributed computing environments where tasks are performed by remote processing devices that are linked through a communications network. In a distributed computing environment, program modules may be located in both local and remote computer storage media including memory storage devices.
While the present application has been described with examples, those of ordinary skill in the art will appreciate that there are numerous variations and permutations of the present application without departing from the spirit of the application, and it is intended that the appended claims encompass such variations and permutations without departing from the spirit of the application.
Claims (11)
1. A method for suppressing earthquake-collected footprint noise is characterized by comprising the following steps:
acquiring original post-stack seismic data;
adjusting the arrangement mode of the original post-stack seismic data to obtain standard original post-stack seismic data;
acquiring seismic data of a first time slice in the standard original post-stack seismic data, and performing Laplace transform on the seismic data of the first time slice to obtain Laplace transform seismic data;
performing two-dimensional Fourier transform on the Laplace transform seismic data to obtain a Laplace transform seismic data wave number spectrum, and acquiring a filter factor of a first time slice according to the Laplace transform seismic data wave number spectrum;
performing two-dimensional Fourier transform on the seismic data of the first time slice to obtain a seismic data wave number spectrum of the first time slice;
and utilizing the filtering factor of the first time slice to carry out acquisition footprint noise suppression on the seismic data wave number spectrum of the first time slice.
2. The method of claim 1, wherein after the step of using the filter factor of the first time slice to perform the step of collecting the footprint noise suppression on the wavenumber spectrum of the seismic data of the first time slice, the method further comprises:
converting the wave number spectrum of the seismic data of the first time slice after the acquired footprint noise is suppressed from a wave number domain to a space domain to obtain intermediate post-stack seismic data;
and adjusting the arrangement mode of the intermediate post-stack seismic data to obtain target post-stack seismic data.
3. The method of claim 2, wherein the arrangement of the intermediate post-stack seismic data is adjusted by matrix transposition.
4. The method of suppressing footprint noise in seismic acquisition according to claim 1, wherein said obtaining a filter factor for a first time slice from said laplace transform seismic data wavenumber spectrum comprises:
according to the Laplace transform seismic data wave number spectrum, acquiring a maximum wave value and a minimum wave number value in the Laplace transform seismic data wave number spectrum;
adjusting wave values in the wave number spectrum of the Laplace transform seismic data according to a preset rule and the maximum wave values and the minimum wave values;
and taking the adjusted wave number spectrum of the Laplace transform seismic data as a filtering factor of the first time slice.
5. The method of suppressing the footprint noise of seismic acquisition according to claim 4, wherein said adjusting the wavenumber values in the wavenumber spectrum of said Laplace transformed seismic data according to a preset rule and said maximum wave value and said minimum wave value comprises:
the method is realized by adopting the following formula:
in the formula, AiRepresenting the ith wave number value in the adjusted wave number spectrum of the Laplace transform seismic data; a. the0maxRepresenting a maximum wave value in the wave number spectrum of the Laplace transform seismic data before the adjustment; a. the0minRepresenting a minimum wavelet value in the wave number spectrum of the Laplace transform seismic data before the adjustment; a. the0iRepresenting the ith wave value in the wave number spectrum of the Laplace transform seismic data before the adjustment.
6. The method of claim 1, wherein the step of performing acquisition footprint noise suppression on the wavenumber spectrum of the seismic data of the first time slice by using the filter factor of the first time slice comprises: and multiplying the filtering factor of the first time slice and the seismic data wavenumber spectrum of the first time slice in the wavenumber domain.
7. The method of seismic acquisition footprint noise suppression as in claim 1, wherein said raw post-stack seismic data comprises: time, amplitude value, master wire number and tie wire number.
8. The method of claim 7, wherein the adjusting the arrangement of the raw post-stack seismic data comprises: adjusting arrangement modes of at least two dimensions of the original post-stack seismic data;
specifically, a time dimension of at least two dimensions of the original post-stack seismic data is set as a slowest dimension; the at least two dimensions of the original post-stack seismic data include: the time dimension corresponding to the time, the main survey line dimension corresponding to the main survey line number and the contact survey line dimension corresponding to the contact survey line number.
9. The method of claim 1, wherein the original post-stack seismic data is arranged by matrix transposition.
10. An earthquake acquisition footprint noise suppression system, comprising: the device comprises an original post-stack seismic data acquisition unit, an arrangement mode adjustment unit, a Laplace transform unit, a filter factor acquisition unit, a Fourier transform unit and a noise suppression unit; wherein,
the original post-stack seismic data acquisition unit is used for acquiring original post-stack seismic data;
the arrangement mode adjusting unit is used for adjusting the arrangement mode of the original post-stack seismic data to obtain standard original post-stack seismic data;
the Laplace transform unit is used for acquiring seismic data of a first time slice in the standard original post-stack seismic data and performing Laplace transform on the seismic data of the first time slice to obtain Laplace transform seismic data;
the filtering factor obtaining unit is configured to perform two-dimensional fourier transform on the laplace transform seismic data to obtain a laplace transform seismic data wave number spectrum, and obtain a filtering factor of a first time slice according to the laplace transform seismic data wave number spectrum;
the Fourier transform unit is used for performing two-dimensional Fourier transform on the seismic data of the first time slice to obtain a seismic data wave number spectrum of the first time slice;
and the noise suppression unit is used for acquiring footprint noise suppression on the seismic data wave number spectrum of the first time slice by using the filtering factor of the first time slice.
11. The seismic acquisition footprint noise suppression system of claim 10, further comprising: the device comprises a middle post-stack seismic data acquisition unit and a target post-stack seismic data acquisition unit; wherein,
the intermediate post-stack seismic data acquisition unit is used for converting the wave number spectrum of the seismic data of the first time slice after the acquired footprint noise is suppressed from a wave number domain to a space domain to obtain intermediate post-stack seismic data;
and the target post-stack seismic data acquisition unit is used for adjusting the arrangement mode of the intermediate post-stack seismic data to obtain the target post-stack seismic data.
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