CN106353105B - Car consumption credit method and Car Comprehensive Performance Evaluation method - Google Patents
Car consumption credit method and Car Comprehensive Performance Evaluation method Download PDFInfo
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- CN106353105B CN106353105B CN201610663304.5A CN201610663304A CN106353105B CN 106353105 B CN106353105 B CN 106353105B CN 201610663304 A CN201610663304 A CN 201610663304A CN 106353105 B CN106353105 B CN 106353105B
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Abstract
The present invention relates to a kind of car consumption credit method and Car Comprehensive Performance Evaluation method, which includes step：Tested automobile acquires the temperature for the catalytic unit for being tested automobile in the state of operation；Before the temperature of the catalytic unit of tested automobile reaches preset temperature value, emission data is obtained from the OBD system of tested automobile；The content of the pernicious gas contained in tail gas is analyzed according to the emission data.Method provided in an embodiment of the present invention, it is before the temperature of the catalytic unit of tested automobile reaches preset temperature value, detection obtains the emission data of tested automobile, it can exclude to carry out pyrolytic to gases such as CO in tail gas after the processing of catalytic unit in existing detection method to influence detection data authenticity so that the emission data detected is more acurrate, truer.The Car Comprehensive Performance Evaluation method is used for reference U.S.'s lemon law and is considered from various aspects such as the feature of environmental protection, safety, economy and dynamic property using mathematical model, evaluates more objective reality.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of automobiles, in particular to an automobile performance detection method and an automobile comprehensive performance evaluation method.
Background
Generally, the performance of an automobile mainly includes safety (braking performance), dynamic performance, environmental protection performance and fuel economy, and the performance of the automobile is an important factor for evaluating the quality of the automobile, so that the performance detection of the automobile is very important, especially the performance detection of a second-hand vehicle, because the performance determines the price.
In 2015, the volume of the second-hand vehicle is about 940 thousands of vehicles, which is nearly doubled compared with 520 thousands of vehicles in 2013, and the high growth rate indicates that the market potential value is extremely high. With the adjustment of policies, eight items of China are implemented, such as abolishing limit migration, reducing tax charges and standardizing transaction order, so that the second-hand car market can be more prosperous and prosperous, and becomes a new economic growth point.
The conditions of the second-hand vehicles are judged, and the comprehensive performances of the second-hand vehicles, such as dynamic property, safety, environmental protection, comfort and fuel economy, are mainly evaluated only by looking at the appearance, coating, vehicle age and the like. However, non-normative phenomena in used car transactions, such as dishonest, price fraud, concealed accidents, etc., hinder the normal development of the market to some extent. One of the reasons for these phenomena is that the buyer and seller are not transparent and asymmetric, and the technical reason is that a scientific method for evaluating the quality of the used vehicle is lacking. The currently used technical Specification for identifying and evaluating the second-hand vehicles (GB/T30323-2013) is not scientific. For example, when the road test detects the running and acceleration of the engine, the standard only judges whether the engine is normal or not, and if the engine is normal, the engine is not classified, and if the engine is abnormal, the engine is classified into 2, which is unfair. Because the acceleration time is less, the dynamic performance is better, the grade should be subdivided, and the transaction is convenient.
Taking environmental protection as an example, in order to make the detection result tend to be good and improve the selling price of the used cars, the used car seller usually informs the buyer of the detection result processed by the catalytic device, but the harmful gases CO, HC and NOx (nitrogen oxides) in the tail gas are decomposed at high temperature under the action of the catalytic device, and researches show that when the catalytic device is in use, the emission of CO and HC can be reduced by more than 80%. Therefore, the detected contents of CO, HC and NOx are lower than the real condition, and the detection result is inaccurate and unrealistic.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to overcome the defect of inaccurate detection of the environmental protection performance of the automobile in the prior art, and provides an automobile performance detection method and an automobile comprehensive performance evaluation method capable of improving the accuracy of the detection of the environmental protection performance of the automobile.
In order to achieve the above object, the embodiments of the present invention provide the following technical solutions:
a method for detecting automobile performance comprises the following steps:
the method comprises the following steps of collecting the temperature of a catalytic device of a detected automobile in the running state of the detected automobile;
acquiring exhaust data from an On-Board Diagnostics (OBD) system of the automobile to be tested before the temperature of the catalytic device of the automobile to be tested reaches a preset temperature value;
and analyzing the content of harmful gases contained in the tail gas according to the tail gas data.
Preferably, the temperature of the catalytic device of the automobile to be tested is acquired under the condition that the automobile to be tested runs in an accelerated mode. The content of CO, HC and NOx in the tail gas of the detected automobile is the highest in the accelerated running state, so that the content data of CO, HC and NOx can be more truly obtained by detecting various other contents in the tail gas in the accelerated running state.
According to an embodiment of the invention, the method further comprises the steps of:
before the temperature of the catalytic device of the automobile to be detected reaches a preset temperature value, acquiring the content of harmful gas contained in the tail gas through a tail gas detection device; and comparing the content of the harmful gas obtained by analyzing the tail gas data read by the OBD system at the same time with the content of the harmful gas obtained by the tail gas detection device, and if the content comparison result is greater than a preset value, sending an alarm signal. According to an embodiment of the invention, the method further comprises the steps of:
acquiring pedal pressure acted on a pedal by a user in the process that the tested automobile runs from a preset speed in a speed reduction mode to zero, and acquiring first test data from an OBD (on-board diagnostics) system of the tested automobile from the time when the pedal pressure reaches a first preset pressure value until the speed of the tested automobile is reduced to zero, wherein the first test data comprises at least two items of a steering angle, a speed reduction braking distance and speed reduction braking time;
and judging the safety of the tested automobile according to the steering angle and the deceleration braking distance or the steering angle and the deceleration braking time. In the process that the detected automobile runs from the speed reduction of the preset speed to the speed of zero, the steering angle can reflect the deviation of the detected automobile in the braking process, and the smaller the steering angle is, the smaller the deviation is, the better the automobile performance is; the deceleration braking distance or the deceleration braking time can reflect the braking performance of the automobile, and the smaller the deceleration braking distance is, or the smaller the deceleration braking time is, the better the braking performance of the automobile is; the braking safety and the emergency braking capability of the detected automobile can be detected by detecting the steering angle and/or the deceleration braking distance and/or the deceleration braking time of the detected automobile.
According to an embodiment of the invention, the method further comprises the steps of:
and generating a relation graph of time and a steering angle and a relation graph of time and a deceleration braking distance. The test data is generated into an image, so that the test data can be more conveniently and visually checked.
According to an embodiment of the invention, the method further comprises the steps of:
reading position data of an accelerator pedal from an OBD system of the automobile to be tested in the process that the automobile to be tested runs from zero acceleration to a set speed, starting timing when the position of the accelerator pedal reaches a preset position until the automobile to be tested accelerates to the set speed, and judging the power performance of the automobile to be tested according to the acceleration time obtained from the ODB system; or reading throttle opening data from an OBD system of the tested automobile in the process that the tested automobile runs from zero acceleration to a set speed, starting timing when the throttle opening reaches a preset opening until the tested automobile accelerates to the set speed, and judging the power performance of the tested automobile according to the acceleration time obtained from the ODB system.
In the process that the detected automobile runs from zero acceleration to a set speed, the acceleration time can reflect the power performance of the detected automobile, the shorter the acceleration time is, the better the power performance is, the acceleration time required by the detected automobile in the acceleration process is detected, and the power performance of the detected automobile can be detected.
According to an embodiment of the invention, the method further comprises the steps of:
and in the process that the detected automobile accelerates from zero to the set speed, acquiring engine rotating speed data from an OBD system of the detected automobile, generating time and engine rotating speed images, and alarming to prompt engine faults if the rotating speed in the images jumps. During acceleration, if the engine speed jumps, the engine or the transmission system of the tested automobile is indicated to be in fault.
According to an embodiment of the invention, the method further comprises the steps of:
and in the process of uniform speed running of the tested automobile, measuring the fuel flow of the tested automobile by using an ultrasonic flowmeter.
The actual fuel consumption is calculated by calculating the fuel consumption = flow rate × time, i.e., G = qt, so G = qtdt, t = s/v (distance/speed), which is set by the constant speed driving method, and q is provided by the transit time ultrasonic flowmeter. The oil consumption is also an important index for evaluating the automobile, the oil consumption of the automobile to be detected is calculated by utilizing the measured value of the ultrasonic flowmeter through a constant-speed driving method, and the accuracy of the detection result is high.
The embodiment of the invention provides another technical scheme,
a method for detecting automobile performance comprises the following steps:
the method comprises the following steps of collecting the temperature of a catalytic device of a detected automobile in the running state of the detected automobile;
and before the temperature of the catalytic device of the automobile to be detected reaches a preset temperature value, acquiring the content of harmful gas contained in the tail gas through a tail gas detection device.
Before the temperature of a catalytic device of a detected automobile reaches a preset temperature value, tail gas detection is carried out, and the tail gas detection device is directly used for directly collecting tail gas data to obtain the content of harmful gas, so that the influence of the pyrolysis effect of the catalytic device on a detection result is eliminated, and the condition that the tail gas data obtained from an OBD system is unreal due to the fact that the OBD system is fake is also eliminated.
An automobile comprehensive performance evaluation method adopts the following evaluation model to obtain the evaluation grade of the automobile comprehensive performance:
wherein W is more than or equal to 0jLess than or equal to 1 and meets the requirementWjThe weight of the jth evaluation index, m is the total number of the evaluation indexes, and S is the evaluation grade of the comprehensive performance of the automobile;
fjis the degree of the j-th evaluation index, fj=Ij×D=Zj×D，xmax≤Cj≤xmin，IjIs the rating index, x, of the jth evaluation indexmaxIs the optimum value of the reference interval, xminIs the worst value of the reference interval, CjD is a grade coefficient, and D is more than or equal to 2, and is an actual detection value of the jth evaluation index obtained by any one of the methods.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that: according to the method provided by the embodiment of the invention, the exhaust data of the detected automobile is detected before the temperature of the catalytic device of the detected automobile reaches the preset temperature value, namely, the exhaust data is acquired before the catalytic device acts, so that the influence of the catalytic device on the decomposition of gases such as CO in the exhaust on the authenticity of the detected data is eliminated, and the detected exhaust data is more accurate and real. In addition, the tail gas data is directly obtained from an OBD system of the detected automobile, the data source is more direct, and the detection accuracy can be further improved.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the drawings needed to be used in the embodiments will be briefly described below, it should be understood that the following drawings only illustrate some embodiments of the present invention and therefore should not be considered as limiting the scope, and for those skilled in the art, other related drawings can be obtained according to the drawings without inventive efforts.
Fig. 1 is a flowchart of a method for detecting vehicle performance according to a preferred embodiment 1 of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a flowchart of a method for detecting vehicle performance according to a preferred embodiment 2 of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. The components of embodiments of the present invention generally described and illustrated in the figures herein may be arranged and designed in a wide variety of different configurations. Thus, the following detailed description of the embodiments of the present invention, presented in the figures, is not intended to limit the scope of the invention, as claimed, but is merely representative of selected embodiments of the invention. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments of the present invention without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
In purchasing automobiles, especially second-hand automobiles, there is often a situation where: the automobile combustion efficiency is high and the environmental protection performance is good through the tail gas data obtained through detection before purchase, but the combustion efficiency of the automobile is not good through detection in actual use after purchase, even a large difference can occur, and the existing automobile tail gas detection method is not accurate. Based on this, the embodiment of the invention provides a new detection method.
Example 1
Fig. 1 shows a flow of a method for detecting vehicle performance provided in embodiment 1 of the present invention. Referring to fig. 1, the method for detecting vehicle performance provided in this embodiment includes:
and S101, acquiring the temperature of a catalytic device of the automobile to be detected in the running state of the automobile to be detected.
Acquiring the temperature of the catalytic device by using a temperature measuring instrument, and aiming at an automobile without temperature data, installing the temperature measuring instrument on the automobile to be detected so as to acquire the temperature of the catalytic device conveniently; and directly reading the temperature data from an automobile OBD system aiming at the automobile with the temperature data.
Preferably, the temperature of the catalytic device of the tested automobile is collected under the condition that the tested automobile runs in an accelerated mode (such as 0-40 km/h). CO, HC, NO in exhaust gas in the state of acceleration operationXThe temperature of the catalytic device is collected in the accelerated running state, namely the exhaust data is collected in the accelerated running state, so that the detection accuracy can be further improved, and the content of harmful gas can be detected under the condition that the quality of the detected automobile exhaust is the least good.
And S102, before the temperature of the catalytic device of the automobile to be detected reaches a preset temperature value, acquiring exhaust data from an OBD system of the automobile to be detected by a detection device.
According to research, the inventor finds that when the automobile exhaust is detected at present, harmful gases such as CO in the exhaust are decomposed at high temperature under the action of a catalytic device, so that the content of the detected harmful gases such as CO in the exhaust is low, and therefore the detected automobile has high combustion rate and good environmental protection. In this step, the preset temperature value is a temperature value required for decomposition of gases such as CO under the action of the catalytic device, and according to research and analysis, the temperature required for pyrolysis of all harmful gases possibly contained in the tail gas is above 300 ℃, so the preset temperature value may be 300 ℃. In the step, before the temperature of the catalytic device reaches a preset temperature value, tail gas data is obtained from an OBD system of the automobile to be tested, namely, the tail gas data is collected before the CO and other gases in the tail gas are decomposed, the obtained tail gas data is real and reliable, and the influence of the catalytic device after treatment is avoided. In addition, the tail gas data is directly obtained from an OBD system of the detected automobile, the data source is more direct, and the detection accuracy can be further improved.
It should be noted that, it is preferable to collect the exhaust data at a temperature below 300 ℃, not the lower the temperature is, the better the temperature is, it is preferable to collect a plurality of exhaust data during the process that the temperature is below 300 ℃ and the detected automobile runs for a period of time in an accelerated manner, and select a more suitable exhaust data from the plurality of exhaust data, or select several exhaust data with smaller variation and then calculate the average value.
And S103, analyzing the content of harmful gases in the tail gas according to the tail gas data.
After the content of harmful gases in the tail gas is detected, the tail gas quality can be graded by referring to a Lemon method (Lemon Law), namely, the combustion efficiency and the environmental protection performance of the tested automobile are graded and reacted by the tail gas quality. As an example, the effect of a catalytic device on exhaust emissions is illustrated: CO =0.07% when λ =0.98, catalytic device is active; CO =0.83% when the catalytic device is not active (data from a VOLVO measured in sweden via the exhaust unit); therefore, the catalytic device can greatly reduce the emission of CO, the method can avoid the inaccurate tail gas detection caused by the false behavior, and the detection precision is improved.
Further, the method further comprises:
and S104, obtaining the content of harmful gases in the tail gas through a tail gas detection device before the temperature of the catalytic device of the detected automobile reaches a preset temperature value.
It should be noted that, step S103 and step S104 are not in sequence, and are performed at the same time, that is, the acquisition of the exhaust data from the OBD system and the acquisition of the content of the harmful gas in the exhaust by the exhaust detection device are performed at the same time.
And S105, comparing the content of harmful gas obtained by analyzing the tail gas data read by the OBD system with the content of harmful gas obtained by the tail gas detection device at the same time (namely the tail gas detection unit obtains the tail gas data and analyzes the content of the harmful gas contained in the tail gas before the temperature of the catalytic device of the detected automobile reaches a preset temperature value), and if the content comparison result is greater than a preset value, namely the difference value of the contents of the harmful gas obtained in the two modes is greater than the preset value, sending an alarm signal.
There may be various embodiments for determining whether the difference between the contents of the harmful gases obtained in the two manners is greater than the preset value, for example, in the two manners, determining whether the difference between the contents of each harmful gas in the exhaust gas is greater than the preset value, and determining that the difference between the contents of the obtained harmful gases is greater than the preset value as long as the difference between the contents of one harmful gas is greater than the preset value; for another example, in the two modes, the difference value of the content of each harmful gas in the tail gas is larger than the preset value, and then the obtained difference value of the content of the harmful gas is judged to be larger than the preset value.
In general, the data read from the OBD system is relatively real data, but a small part of bad merchants may install cheating software in the OBD system, so that the data read from the OBD system is not real. The harmful gas content in the tail gas that obtains under two kinds of modes is inconsistent, namely probably has installed cheating software in the OBD system of automobile under test for the data that reads from the OBD system is unreal, leads to the content of the harmful gas that the analysis obtained inaccurate, consequently, this embodiment the method can also get rid of through the condition to the OBD system cheating, uses the content of harmful gas in the tail gas that tail gas detection device obtained as the testing result, judges the environmental protection performance of automobile under test, can further improve the degree of accuracy of testing result.
The method provided by the embodiment is used for detecting the quality of the tail gas of the automobile, the influence of the catalytic device can be eliminated, the catalytic device does not need to be dismounted, the real emission condition of the engine can be directly measured, and the accuracy is high.
As another more concise technical solution, an embodiment of the present invention provides another method for detecting vehicle performance, including the following steps:
the method comprises the following steps of collecting the temperature of a catalytic device of a detected automobile in the running state of the detected automobile;
and before the temperature of the catalytic device of the automobile to be detected reaches a preset temperature value, acquiring the content of harmful gas contained in the tail gas through a tail gas detection device.
Before the temperature of a catalytic device of a detected automobile reaches a preset temperature value, tail gas detection is carried out, and the tail gas detection device is directly used for directly collecting tail gas data to obtain the content of harmful gas, so that the influence of the pyrolysis effect of the catalytic device on a detection result is eliminated, and the condition that the tail gas data obtained from an OBD system is unreal due to the fact that the OBD system is fake is also eliminated.
Example 2
FIG. 2 shows another method for detecting vehicle performance according to an embodiment of the present invention. Referring to fig. 2, the method for detecting vehicle performance provided in this embodiment includes:
step S201, under the condition that the automobile to be detected runs in an accelerated mode, the temperature of a catalytic device of the automobile to be detected is below 300 ℃, and the content of harmful gas contained in the tail gas is obtained through a tail gas detection device.
Step S202, in the process that the tested automobile runs at a zero speed after being decelerated from a preset speed (such as 50km/h or 100 km/h), a pressure sensor is used for acquiring pedal pressure acted on a pedal by a user, a detection device acquires first test data from an OBD system of the tested automobile from the moment when the pedal pressure reaches a first preset pressure value, namely the moment when braking force starts to act, until the speed of the tested automobile is decelerated to zero, the first test data comprises at least two items of a steering angle, a deceleration braking distance and deceleration braking time, and the safety of the automobile is judged and read according to the steering angle and the deceleration braking distance or the steering angle and the deceleration braking time.
During implementation, the pedal pressure acting on the pedal is converted into an electric signal by the pressure sensor and transmitted to the detection device, the detection device receives the electric signal, and when the electric signal reaches a corresponding (pressure and electric signal linear relation) first preset pressure value, first test data are extracted from the OBD system until the speed of the detected automobile is reduced to zero. The process from the beginning of extracting the first test data to the speed reduction of the tested automobile to zero is provided with a plurality of first test data (each time node (or called test moment) in the process is provided with one first test data).
In the process that the detected automobile runs from the speed reduction of the preset speed to the speed of zero, the steering angle can reflect the stability (namely the deviation) of the detected automobile in the braking process, and the smaller the steering angle is, the smaller the deviation is, and the better the stability of the automobile is. In the prior art, a method is used for directly measuring the deviation distance, the stability of the measured automobile is judged according to the deviation distance, the deviation distance is measured directly, and the measured stability is not accurate.
The calculation of the steering angle α includes, under the GB7258-2012 standard (setting the initial braking speed at 50km/h and the braking distance at 19 m), a number of Bisin α = X/K, X = Ksin α, X = K ^ sin α d α in a right triangle, wherein X represents the deviation distance, and K represents the allowable braking distance (a constant determined according to the relevant standard), so that the following typical values are obtained, such as α =1 ° 30 '(deviation =0.5m), α =4 ° 31' (deviation =1.5 m), α =7 ° 33 '(deviation =2.5 m), α >7 ° 33' (deviation > 2.5 m), and the vehicle stability can be divided into a plurality of grades according to the deviation amount.
The deceleration braking distance and the deceleration braking time can reflect the braking performance of the automobile, and the smaller the deceleration braking distance is, the smaller the deceleration braking time is, so that the better the braking performance of the automobile is; the safety of the detected automobile, namely the braking stability and the emergency braking capability of the detected automobile can be detected by detecting the steering angle, the deceleration braking distance and/or the deceleration braking time of the detected automobile. Deceleration braking distance: the smaller the distance is, the better the braking performance of the tested automobile is. The braking performance of the vehicle can be divided into a plurality of grades according to the braking distance. The shorter the time required for emergency braking (i.e., the aforementioned deceleration braking time), the better the braking performance of the vehicle. The braking performance of the automobile can be divided into a plurality of grades according to the braking time. The braking performance can be represented by the deviation acceleration and deceleration braking distance, and the braking performance can also be represented by the deviation acceleration and deceleration braking time.
The first test data comprises a steering angle, at least one of a deceleration braking distance and deceleration braking time, the deceleration braking distance or the deceleration braking time can reflect the braking performance of the tested automobile, and a first test data can reflect the braking performance of the tested automobile under a time node.
Step S203, in the process that the tested automobile runs from zero acceleration to a set speed (for example 100 Km/h), reading throttle opening data (suitable for old automobile models) or acceleration pedal position data (suitable for new automobile models) from an OBD system, starting timing when the throttle opening data reaches a preset opening or the acceleration pedal position data reaches a preset position until the tested automobile accelerates to the set speed, obtaining acceleration time, and judging the power performance of the tested automobile according to the obtained acceleration time.
The smaller the time of use, the larger the acceleration, and the better the dynamic property. The dynamics of the vehicle can be divided into several levels by how much the acceleration time is.
And S204, acquiring engine rotating speed data of the detected automobile from the OBD system in the process that the detected automobile accelerates to the set speed, generating time and engine rotating speed images, and alarming to prompt engine faults if the rotating speed in the images jumps.
In the acceleration process, the accelerator pedal is kept fully opened, if the forward jump of the rotating speed of the engine is seen in the data image, the load is reduced instantly, and therefore the clutch slippage or the slippage of a transmission part can be judged; if the data image shows that the rotating speed of the engine suddenly jumps in the negative direction, the load is instantly increased, and the gear shifting and braking of the gearbox are indicated.
At present, due to the technical progress, the quality is improved, and all new vehicles leaving factory are provided with computers. If the dynamic property of the automobile needs to be detected, the detection of the power of the engine by using a traditional method cannot be realized. This is because: the hydraulic power measurement, the electric eddy current power measurement, the no-load power measurement and the chassis power measurement belong to non-on-vehicle power measurement, an engine is required to be separated from a transmission system during detection, an automobile computer controls the whole vehicle and is not suitable for the detection, the computer can be regarded as a fault to protectively stop working (or operate at a low rotating speed to limit power output) due to the lack of sensor data of one part, the power cannot be measured, and the power performance cannot be judged. In the method, the calculation of the acceleration time is based on throttle opening data or accelerator pedal position data (when the throttle opening data or the accelerator pedal position data respectively reach preset values, timing is started), the throttle opening data or the accelerator pedal position data are directly obtained from an OBD system of the tested automobile, the acceleration time is further obtained, and the dynamic performance of the automobile can be tested. The main factors that generally affect the power of the driving wheels of a car are the heat losses of the engine (mainly due to its own imperfections) and the mechanical losses (mainly determined by the technical conditions of the drive train). The acceleration measured according to the step can reflect three results, namely that the power of the driving wheel is normal, namely that the engine and the transmission system are normal; secondly, the engine is normal and the transmission system is abnormal; third, the engine is not normal and the drive train is normal. The method has the advantages that: the reason for the poor dynamic properties can be found to be the engine or the drive train; in addition, cheating behaviors such as 'ejection acceleration' can be found. And the detection is carried out in the whole process, which is different from the traditional method which only sees the final result. For example, in the data image of the measured acceleration, not only the instant before acceleration and the final result can be seen, but also the hidden trouble of the engine or the transmission system at a certain moment in the process can be seen.
And S205, calculating the oil consumption of the tested automobile by using the measured value of the ultrasonic flowmeter in the process of constant-speed running of the tested automobile. The fuel flow is detected by using the ultrasonic flowmeter, the fuel flow is accurate and reliable, the ultrasonic flowmeter can be a time difference type ultrasonic flowmeter, a Doppler type ultrasonic flowmeter and the like, the fuel flow is detected by using the ultrasonic flowmeter, the prior art is adopted, and details are not described here. The fuel consumption of the automobile in actual operation is calculated by adopting the reflection value of the time difference type ultrasonic flowmeter, and a plurality of grades can be divided according to the fuel consumption to evaluate the economy.
The execution sequence of steps S201 to S205 is not limited, and may be set arbitrarily. The automobile performance detection method provided by the embodiment can accurately detect the environmental protection performance of the automobile, can detect the braking performance, the power performance and the oil consumption performance of the automobile, has high accuracy of detection results, can eliminate the fake existing in the existing detection method, and is simple and rapid in detection process.
The detection device comprises an interface unit, a microcontroller, a temperature measuring instrument, a display screen, a pressure sensor and an ultrasonic flowmeter; wherein,
the interface unit is used for being connected with an OBD system of the tested automobile to acquire data;
the temperature measuring instrument is electrically connected with the microcontroller and used for being installed on a detected automobile, detecting the temperature of a catalytic device of the detected automobile and transmitting the detected temperature data to the microcontroller.
The display screen is used for displaying data or images generated in the detection process, such as tail gas data;
the pressure sensor is used for acquiring pedal force acting on a pedal in the process that the detected automobile runs from a preset speed in a deceleration mode to a zero speed mode and transmitting the acquired pressure value to the microcontroller;
the microcontroller is used for acquiring tail gas data from an OBD system of the automobile to be detected through the interface unit when the automobile to be detected is in an accelerated running state and before the temperature of a catalytic device of the automobile to be detected reaches a preset temperature value, and analyzing the content of harmful gas contained in the tail gas according to the tail gas data; the system is also used for comparing the content of harmful gas obtained by analyzing the tail gas data read by the OBD system at the same time with the content of harmful gas obtained by the tail gas detection device, and sending an alarm signal if the content comparison result is greater than a preset value; the device is also used for obtaining first test data from an OBD system of the tested automobile from the moment when the pedal force reaches a first preset pressure value until the speed of the tested automobile is reduced to zero, wherein the first test data comprises at least two items of a steering angle, a deceleration braking distance and deceleration braking time, and the safety of the tested automobile is interpreted according to the steering angle and the deceleration braking distance or the steering angle and the deceleration braking time; the acceleration time is measured in the process that the tested automobile runs from zero acceleration to a set speed, and the dynamic performance of the tested automobile is interpreted according to the acceleration time; and the system is also used for acquiring the engine speed data from the OBD system of the tested automobile in the process that the tested automobile accelerates from zero to the set speed, generating time and engine speed images, and alarming to prompt the engine to have faults if the rotating speed in the images jumps.
The ultrasonic flowmeter is used for measuring the fuel flow of the tested automobile in the process of constant speed operation.
The method can scientifically and objectively detect several main performances of the automobile and obtain quantitative detection results, and in order to more fully embody the use value of the automobile, the automobile performance is quantitatively graded by a multi-index weighting comprehensive evaluation method according to the detection results. The rating method comprises the following steps:
1. automobile performance comprehensive evaluation index system
The automobile detection method can simply, conveniently and accurately collect corresponding parameters reflecting automobile dynamic property, safety, environmental protection and fuel economy, the parameters have the characteristics of simplicity, independence, representativeness and feasibility, and accord with the index selection principle of a comprehensive evaluation method, moreover, each performance parameter is measured by using an on-vehicle road test method, the measured result is a working condition parameter, the data is real, the quantitative evaluation is suitable for quantitative evaluation, and the quantitative result is closest to the actual experience of an automobile user, therefore, the quantitative rating of the automobile by using the parameters to establish an evaluation index system has scientificity and referential property, namely the evaluation index system is established to quantitatively rate the automobile, namely the method has scientific and referential property
Y={Y1，Y2，Y3，Y4}
The quantitative rating index system for automobile performance is shown in table 1.
TABLE 1 automotive performance quantitative rating index system
| Index property | First order index | Second level index |
| Quantitative index | Safety feature | Braking distance&Offset of braking (Y)1） |
| Quantitative index | Dynamic property | Zero to one hundred kilometers acceleration time (Y)2） |
| Quantitative index | Environmental protection property | CO content (Y)3） |
| Quantitative index | Fuel economy | Oil consumption (Y)4） |
Note: the braking distance and the braking offset show that the correlation degree of the two quantities is extremely strong, and the two quantities are combined into one index.
2. Calculation of weights
The technical experts, the management experts and the evaluation experts form the appraisers, and each appraiser independently gives a set of weights according to experience to form a weight matrix, namely
Wherein n is the number of judges; m is the total number of evaluation indexes
When the data is processed, the arithmetic mean value is taken to represent the concentrated opinion of the panel judges. The calculation formula is
Wherein n is the number of judges; m is the total number of evaluation indexes; wjIs the weight average value of the j index; wjiWeighting value given to jth index weight for ith comment
The weight normalization processing algorithm is
The weights obtained by the above algorithm are used as standard weights. In practical application, the weight is dynamically set by adopting a subjective weighting method, and the weight can be adjusted according to special requirements of evaluators on certain performances, so that the rating result can better meet the personalized requirements of users.
3. Comprehensive evaluation model and algorithm
The quantitative rating scheme for automotive performance is shown in table 2. Wherein, the definition and dimension of the secondary index (E) refer to the relevant national standard, the reference value interval (X) refers to the relevant national standard or the actually measured data of the new vehicle for selection, and the safety (Y)1) Two secondary indexes (E)1，E2) Because of the extremely strong correlation, the rating index (I) is convenient for quantification1) Adopting a logical AND method for merging treatment, wherein the calculation method is I1=Z11·Z12(wherein, Z11Index of calculation, Z, representing braking distance12A calculation index indicating a braking offset amount, calculated by an algorithm for calculating an index (Z) in the following formula), a gradation coefficient (D) may determine the total number of gradations, and if D =100, a total of 100 gradations may be divided, and so on.
TABLE 2 automotive Performance quantitative rating scheme
The calculation method is as follows:
calculating an index
Description of the drawings: xmaxRepresenting an optimum value, X, since its intrinsic relationship is inversely proportional, i.e. the smaller its value, the better the performancemax≤C≥Xmin
Rating index I = Z (special case, I)1=Z11·Z12)
Grade coefficient D is more than or equal to 2
Degree of division F = I.D
Composite grade
In the formula, W is not less than 0jLess than or equal to 1 and meets the requirementfjIs the item level of the jth index. Rating example:
taking the example of evaluating a 2013 Mondeo 1.5L GTDi180 with a three-year vehicle , the optimal value (X) of the reference value interval is setmax) The grade coefficient (D) is 100 for the best measured value of the new vehicle of the model, and the following grading result can be obtained by substituting the parameters detected by the vehicle.
As in the above table: the detected value, reference value interval, grade coefficient and weight of each index are determined and known, and the dynamic property is obtained(ii) a section rating (F)2) The calculation is as follows:
calculating an index
Index of grading I2=Z2=0.99
Item level F2=I2·D2=0.99 · 100 (grade factor D)2Value is 100)
By the same method, F can be calculated1、F3F4Then, then
Composite grade S = F1×W1+F2×W2+F3×W3+F4×W4
=89×30%+99×30%+92×20%+98×20%
=94
The vehicle rating result has a comprehensive grade of 94 points, a safety grade of 89 points, a dynamic grade of 99 points, an environmental protection grade of 92 points and a fuel economy grade of 98 points, the grades are all scores obtained by comparing the actually measured optimal performance of the new vehicle of the vehicle type, the reference is good, and if one vehicle of the same type is selected for evaluation to obtain a result, the two vehicles can be directly compared with good or bad through the rating scores.
4. Use and analysis of rating results
The rating of the tested vehicle can objectively reflect the overall performance of the vehicle in the form of quantitative score, and has a direct reference function for a user to select and purchase the vehicle, particularly a second-hand vehicle. In actual use, due to differences of test conditions (such as tire pressure, road conditions, vehicle equipment and the like), rating errors are possible, so that the detection and rating process is guaranteed to be standardized as much as possible, and correction parameters are introduced to correct the rating errors.
In the detection process, process data are collected besides five secondary indexes required by rating, and if the rating result is abnormal, data analysis of the process can be provided for a user, so that problems and hidden dangers of the automobile can be found.
The method can customize special detection equipment for detection and rating, intermediate data are automatically uploaded to a cloud database for storage and prepared for big data mining and analysis, and a report of detection and rating can be transmitted to a mobile phone or a computer of a user in real time through the Internet, so that the user can be guaranteed to obtain objective and transparent valuable information instantly.
The automobile performance detection method provided by the embodiment of the invention has the following advantages:
objectivity: based On an On-Board Diagnostics (On-Board Diagnostics) system, all data come from the automobile, have no external or artificial interference, and are objective and accurate.
Simplicity: the dynamic detection of the vehicle (directly detected vehicle in the road running process) is different from the traditional static detection requiring a special detection line.
Scientifically: all detection variables are expressed by mathematical formulas, and multi-level division is supported during integration.
The novelty is as follows: the measured vehicle is divided by a mathematical modeling method, the quantitative measurement is realized, and each index can be subdivided into a plurality of grades.
The index subdivision is beneficial to reflecting the difference between performances, accords with the market, meets the personalized requirements, is convenient to distinguish and is beneficial to trading.
Predictive: because the data image can reflect the instant abnormality in the process, the fault can be identified and the hidden danger can be eliminated.
When the deceleration is measured, the relation between the pedal force, the deviation, the braking distance and the time can be simultaneously reflected. When measuring the acceleration, the relation of speed change, distance and time can be reflected at the same time. When detecting the tail gas, the influence of the catalytic device can be eliminated, and the real emission condition of the engine can be directly measured. When the traditional method is used for detection, combustible gas discharged by an engine with poor combustion is decomposed at high temperature in a catalytic device, and the tail gas emission is qualified, so that the false phenomenon covers the fact that the engine consumes more fuel due to poor combustion, and resources are wasted. For example: the German popular diesel vehicle emission fake event which erupts in 9 months in 2015 is the cheating software cheating supervision of factories and households. When the automobile runs on a road, the actual exhaust emission exceeds 40 times of the American standard, but when the automobile enters a detection program, a code (Defeat-Device) in an automobile ECU can automatically identify whether the automobile is detecting the exhaust, so that an exhaust treatment Device is adjusted to pass the exhaust detection. When detecting the fuel consumption (L/100 Km), the method is carried out by a constant speed driving method, the fuel consumption of the automobile in actual operation is reflected, and the grade is divided according to the fuel consumption, so that the economy is evaluated, the data counterfeiting can be avoided, and the occurrence of the throttle burning event of Mitsubishi company in Japan can be prevented. The method can find the counterfeiting problem, and is scientific, simple, convenient, easy to operate, trouble-saving, rapid and efficient. The detection standard is GB7258-2012 or the original factory new vehicle performance parameters of the detected vehicle.
Through data image analysis, not only can see the result, also can see the hidden danger that appears in the process a certain moment, be of great benefit to improving car comprehensive properties. Meanwhile, the detection process can be transmitted to mobile phones or computers of the buyer and the seller in real time through the Internet, so that the buyer and the seller can quote according to quality and grade under the condition of transparent and symmetrical information, and fair transaction is facilitated.
The above description is only for the specific embodiments of the present invention, but the scope of the present invention is not limited thereto, and any person skilled in the art can easily conceive of the changes or substitutions within the technical scope of the present invention, and all the changes or substitutions should be covered within the scope of the present invention. Therefore, the protection scope of the present invention shall be subject to the protection scope of the claims.
Claims (8)
1. The method for detecting the automobile performance is characterized by comprising the following steps of:
the method comprises the following steps of collecting the temperature of a catalytic device of a detected automobile in the running state of the detected automobile;
acquiring exhaust data from an OBD system of the tested automobile before the temperature of a catalytic device of the tested automobile reaches a preset temperature value;
analyzing the content of harmful gases contained in the tail gas according to the tail gas data;
before the temperature of the catalytic device of the automobile to be detected reaches a preset temperature value, acquiring the content of harmful gas contained in the tail gas through a tail gas detection device;
and comparing the content of the harmful gas obtained by analyzing the tail gas data read by the OBD system at the same time with the content of the harmful gas obtained by the tail gas detection device, and if the content comparison result is greater than a preset value, sending an alarm signal.
2. The method for detecting the performance of the automobile according to claim 1, wherein the temperature of the catalytic device of the automobile to be detected is acquired in the acceleration running state of the automobile to be detected.
3. The automobile performance detecting method according to claim 1 or 2, characterized by further comprising the steps of:
acquiring pedal pressure acted on a pedal by a user in the process that the tested automobile runs from a preset speed in a speed reduction mode to zero, and acquiring first test data from an OBD (on-board diagnostics) system of the tested automobile from the time when the pedal pressure reaches a first preset pressure value until the speed of the tested automobile is reduced to zero, wherein the first test data comprises at least two items of a steering angle, a speed reduction braking distance and speed reduction braking time;
and judging the safety of the tested automobile according to the steering angle and the deceleration braking distance or the steering angle and the deceleration braking time.
4. The vehicle performance detection method of claim 3, further comprising the steps of:
and generating a relation graph of time and a steering angle and a relation graph of time and a deceleration braking distance.
5. The vehicle performance detection method of claim 3, further comprising the steps of:
reading position data of an accelerator pedal from an OBD system of the automobile to be tested in the process that the automobile to be tested runs from zero acceleration to a set speed, starting timing when the position of the accelerator pedal reaches a preset position until the automobile to be tested accelerates to the set speed, and judging the power performance of the automobile to be tested according to the acceleration time obtained from the ODB system; or,
and reading throttle opening data from an OBD system of the tested automobile in the process of running the tested automobile from zero acceleration to a set speed, starting timing when the throttle opening reaches a preset opening until the tested automobile accelerates to the set speed, and judging the power performance of the tested automobile according to the acceleration time obtained in the ODB system.
6. The vehicle performance detection method of claim 5, further comprising the steps of:
and in the process that the detected automobile accelerates from zero to the set speed, acquiring engine rotating speed data from an OBD system of the detected automobile, generating time and engine rotating speed images, and if the rotating speed in the images jumps, giving an alarm to prompt the engine or a transmission system to have faults.
7. The vehicle performance detection method of claim 6, further comprising the steps of:
and in the process of uniform speed running of the tested automobile, measuring the fuel flow of the tested automobile by using an ultrasonic flowmeter.
8. The method for evaluating the comprehensive performance of the automobile is characterized in that the evaluation grade of the comprehensive performance of the automobile is obtained by adopting the following evaluation model:
wherein W is more than or equal to 0jLess than or equal to 1 and meets the requirementWjIs the weight of the jth evaluation index, m is the total number of the evaluation indexes, and S is the automobile healdEvaluation grade of the resultant properties;
fjis the degree of the j-th evaluation index, fj＝Ij×D＝Zj×D，xmax≤Cj≤xmin，IjIs the rating index, x, of the jth evaluation indexmaxIs the optimum value of the reference interval, xminIs the worst value of the reference interval, CjThe actual detection value of the j-th evaluation index obtained by the method according to any one of claims 1 to 7, wherein D is a grade coefficient, and D is not less than 2.
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