CN106338830A - Image display apparatus and head-mounted display device - Google Patents
Image display apparatus and head-mounted display device Download PDFInfo
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- CN106338830A CN106338830A CN201610891015.0A CN201610891015A CN106338830A CN 106338830 A CN106338830 A CN 106338830A CN 201610891015 A CN201610891015 A CN 201610891015A CN 106338830 A CN106338830 A CN 106338830A
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- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 241000219739 Lens Species 0.000 claims description 201
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- XLOMVQKBTHCTTD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zinc monoxide Chemical compound [Zn]=O XLOMVQKBTHCTTD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 14
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- QCCDYNYSHILRDG-UHFFFAOYSA-K cerium(3+);trifluoride Chemical compound [F-].[F-].[F-].[Ce+3] QCCDYNYSHILRDG-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 claims description 11
- 239000000395 magnesium oxide Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- CPLXHLVBOLITMK-UHFFFAOYSA-N magnesium oxide Inorganic materials [Mg]=O CPLXHLVBOLITMK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 10
- AXZKOIWUVFPNLO-UHFFFAOYSA-N magnesium;oxygen(2-) Chemical compound [O-2].[Mg+2] AXZKOIWUVFPNLO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000011787 zinc oxide Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 claims description 6
- RVTZCBVAJQQJTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxygen(2-);zirconium(4+) Chemical compound [O-2].[O-2].[Zr+4] RVTZCBVAJQQJTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000009738 saturating Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910001928 zirconium oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 claims description 3
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- FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N Magnesium Chemical compound [Mg] FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 2
- 229910052749 magnesium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims 2
- 239000011777 magnesium Substances 0.000 claims 2
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 1
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Classifications
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- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B27/00—Optical systems or apparatus not provided for by any of the groups G02B1/00 - G02B26/00, G02B30/00
- G02B27/01—Head-up displays
- G02B27/017—Head mounted
- G02B27/0172—Head mounted characterised by optical features
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- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Optics & Photonics (AREA)
- Liquid Crystal (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses an image display apparatus. The image display apparatus comprises a display screen, and an ocular-side double-convex lens, a reflection element and a first achromatic lens which are disposed on an image light transmission optical path of the display screen, wherein the first achromatic lens is coaxially arranged with the ocular-side double-convex lens and is disposed at the light- emitting side of the ocular-side double-convex lens, an optical axis of the display screen and an optical axis of the ocular-side double-convex lens form a preset included angle, the reflection element is disposed between the display screen and the ocular-side double-convex lens, and image light is reflected on the reflection element, sequentially penetrates the ocular-side double-convex lens and the first achromatic lens, and then reaches a watching side so as to form a virtual image. The invention further discloses a head-mounted display device. According to the formed optical system, the system space volume can be reduced, compressed and amplified, a series of image errors such as coma, astigmation, aberration and the like can be improved, the magnitude of distortion is controlled, and under the condition that viewers can see amplified virtual images with excellent image quality, the requirements of a conventional head-mounted display device for miniaturization and light-weight design are satisfied.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to optical technical field, more particularly, to a kind of image display device and head-mounted display apparatus.
Background technology
Vr (virtual reality) i.e. virtual reality Display Technique, it is by vpl company of U.S. founder
Jaron lanier proposed in the eighties in 20th century, combined computer graphics techniques, computer simulation technique, sensor skill
Multiple science and technology such as art, Display Technique, it creates a virtual information environment on Multi information space, and user can be made to have
Feeling of immersion on the spot in person, has the interaction capacity perfect with environment, and contributes to inspiring design.
The displaying principle of virtual reality display device is that the nearby image producing display is moved to far by optical system
Place amplifies, and is almost full of the field range of people, thus producing feeling of immersion.Due to the non-constant width of the field range of human eye, therefore in order to
Ensure sufficiently large visual angle, the combined focal length needs of a whole set of optical system are sufficiently small.
In order to ensure the comfort level that virtual reality device uses, it should have the characteristics that compact conformation, light, and institute
The picture quality of display should also be as sufficiently high it is impossible to there be excessive aberration to produce.For the demand, main on the market at present
Solution is using monolithic resin non-spherical lens or Fresnel Lenses although single element lens can mitigate weight, but
In the case of ensure that visual angle is sufficiently large, the diameter of lens is generally in 35-50mm, and in order to ensure picture quality, burnt
Away from being generally more than 35mm, this increases the horizontal and vertical size of virtual reality display device unavoidably.Further, since it is saturating using monolithic
Mirror, picture deformation is serious therefore to increase the load of processor it is necessary to correct distortion using software, leads to picture to occur postponing,
Easily spinning sensation is brought to user when serious.
Content of the invention
A kind of image display device provided by the present invention is it is intended to reaching light-duty, compact conformation and improving image quality
Purpose.
For achieving the above object, the present invention provides a kind of image display device, including display screen with positioned at described display screen
Image light transmit mesh side biconvex lens in light path, reflecting element and the first achromat, described first achromat
With described mesh side biconvex lens coaxial placement and be located at described mesh side biconvex lens light exit side, the optical axis of described display screen
Become a default angle with the optical axis of described mesh side biconvex lens, described reflecting element is located at described display screen and described mesh side biconvex
Between lens, described image light reflects and sequentially saturating through described mesh side biconvex lens and the first achromatism on described reflecting element
Viewing side is reached, to form a virtual image after mirror transmission.
Preferably, described default angle is 60 ° to 120 °.
Preferably, described default angle is 90 °, described reflecting element respectively with described display screen and mesh side biconvex lens
Optical axis inclination angle at 45 °.
Preferably, described reflecting element is completely reflecting mirror；Or, described reflecting element be Transflective mirror, ambient light according to
Secondary arrival viewing side after described reflecting element, mesh side biconvex lens and the first achromat transmission.
Preferably, the projection that described image display device is also included between described display screen and described reflecting element is saturating
Mirror, described projecting lens and described display screen coaxial placement.
Preferably, described first achromat includes the first biconvex lens and the first biconcave lenss, described first biconvex
One of convex surface of lens is adapted to and chimeric with one of concave surface of described first biconcave lenss.
Preferably, described first achromat is also included positioned between described first biconvex lens and the first biconcave lenss
The first anti-reflection film.
Preferably, described first anti-reflection film includes 1/4 wavelength magnesium oxide layer, 1/4 wavelength cerium fluoride layer and is located at described
1/2 wavelength zirconium oxide between 1/4 wavelength magnesium oxide layer and 1/4 wavelength cerium fluoride layer.
Preferably, described image display device also include between described display screen and described reflecting element and with described
Second achromat of display screen coaxial placement.
Preferably, the projection that described image display device is also included between described display screen and described reflecting element is saturating
Mirror and the second achromat, described display screen, projecting lens and the second achromat are sequentially arranged along optical axis and coaxially put
Put.
Preferably, described second achromat includes the second biconvex lens and the second biconcave lenss, described second biconvex
One of convex surface of lens is adapted to and chimeric with one of concave surface of described second biconcave lenss.
Preferably, described second achromat is also included positioned between described second biconvex lens and the second biconcave lenss
The second anti-reflection film.
Preferably, described second anti-reflection film includes 1/4 wavelength magnesium oxide layer, 1/4 wavelength cerium fluoride layer and is located at described
1/2 wavelength zirconium oxide between 1/4 wavelength magnesium oxide layer and 1/4 wavelength cerium fluoride layer.
Preferably, described image display device also includes between described reflecting element and described mesh side biconvex lens
Liquid crystal lens and polaroid, described polaroid is located between described reflecting element and described liquid crystal lens；Or, described mesh side is double
Convex lenss are substituted by liquid crystal lens and polaroid, and described polaroid is located between described reflecting element and described liquid crystal lens；Its
In, described liquid crystal lens include the sub-lens unit of multiple uniformly arrangements at grade, and described sub-lens unit is driving
The control of voltage is lower to form the variable convex lenss of focal length or concavees lens.
Preferably, described sub-lens unit includes first substrate and the second substrate being oppositely arranged, described first substrate with
It is provided with liquid crystal layer, the alignment direction of described liquid crystal layer is vertical with the polarization direction of described polaroid, institute between described second substrate
State first substrate and be provided with least one annular electrode, described second substrate is provided with plane-shape electrode, described driving voltage applies
On described annular electrode with described plane-shape electrode, so that described liquid crystal in the layer liquid crystal molecule deflects.
Preferably, described sub-lens unit also includes the high resistance film between described annular electrode and described liquid crystal layer.
Preferably, described high resistance film is made up of pedot material；Or, described high resistance film is made up of zinc oxide material, described
Sub-lens unit also includes the dielectric film between described high resistance film and described liquid crystal layer.
Preferably, described sub-lens unit includes first substrate, second substrate and the 3rd substrate, described first substrate and institute
State the two opposite sides that second substrate is located at described 3rd substrate respectively, described first substrate is in the one side of described 3rd substrate
It is provided with the first plane-shape electrode, described 3rd real estate is provided with least one annular electrode to the one side of described first substrate, institute
State insulation between the first plane-shape electrode and described annular electrode, described second substrate is provided with the face of the one side of described 3rd substrate
Second plane-shape electrode, is provided with liquid crystal layer, the orientation side of described liquid crystal layer between described second substrate and described second plane-shape electrode
To vertical with the polarization direction of described polaroid, described driving voltage is applied to described first plane-shape electrode, annular electrode and
On two plane-shape electrodes, so that described liquid crystal in the layer liquid crystal molecule polarizes.
Preferably, described image display device also includes between described reflecting element and described mesh side biconvex lens
Liquid crystal lens and polaroid, wherein said polaroid is located between described reflecting element and described liquid crystal lens；Or, described mesh
Side biconvex lens are substituted by liquid crystal lens and polaroid, described polaroid be located at described reflecting element and described liquid crystal lens it
Between；Wherein said liquid crystal lens form the variable convex lenss of focal length or concavees lens under the control of driving voltage.
Preferably, described liquid crystal lens include the first substrate being oppositely arranged and second substrate, described first substrate and institute
State and between second substrate, be provided with liquid crystal layer, the alignment direction of described liquid crystal layer is vertical with the polarization direction of described polaroid, described
First substrate is provided with multiple annular electrodes in arranged concentric, and described second substrate is provided with plane-shape electrode, described driving electricity
Pressure is applied on described annular electrode and described plane-shape electrode, and in multiple described annular electrodes, from inside to outside, multiple described
The potential of annular electrode is cumulative or decrescence, so that described liquid crystal in the layer liquid crystal molecule deflects.
Preferably, described liquid crystal lens also include the high resistance film between described annular electrode and described liquid crystal layer.
Preferably, described high resistance film is made up of pedot material；Or, described high resistance film is made up of zinc oxide material, described
Liquid crystal lens also include the dielectric film between described high resistance film and described liquid crystal layer.
Additionally, for achieving the above object, the present invention also provides a kind of head-mounted display apparatus, including above-mentioned any embodiment
In image display device.
A kind of image display device provided by the present invention, the optics of its permutation and combination, can not only be by from aobvious
The angle of divergence compression of the image light of display screen, and the curvature of field of optical system can be revised, improve coma, astigmatism, aberration etc. a series of
Aberration, to control the distortion size of the virtual image that the image light reaching beholder's eyes formed so as to scope in human eye acceptance
Interior, and image source need not be processed, reduce picture simultaneously and postpone.Therefore can guarantee that beholder is seeing as of fine quality different
On the premise of amplifying the virtual image, small-sized, the light-weight design that meet head-mounted display apparatus require.
Brief description
Fig. 1 is the structural representation of the image display device first embodiment of the present invention；
Fig. 2 is the structural representation of the image display device second embodiment of the present invention；
Fig. 3 is the structural representation of the image display device 3rd embodiment of the present invention；
Fig. 4 is the structural representation of the image display device fourth embodiment of the present invention；
Fig. 5 is the structural representation of image display device the 5th embodiment of the present invention；
Fig. 6 is the structural representation of the image display device sixth embodiment of the present invention；
Fig. 7 is the structural representation of image display device the 7th embodiment of the present invention；
Fig. 8 is the structural representation of the liquid crystal lens first embodiment of image display device of the present invention；
Fig. 9 is the structural representation of the liquid crystal lens second embodiment of image display device of the present invention；
Figure 10 is the structural representation of the liquid crystal lens 3rd embodiment of image display device of the present invention.
The realization of the object of the invention, functional characteristics and advantage will be described further referring to accompanying drawing in conjunction with the embodiments.
Specific embodiment
It should be appreciated that specific embodiment described herein, only in order to explain the present invention, is not intended to limit the present invention.
The present invention provides a kind of image display device it is adaptable to the head-mounted display apparatus of the outward appearance of such as glasses, for
Wear the beholder of this image display device it can be seen that corresponding to the image light of the virtual image.As shown in figure 1, image display device is
Forming the part of the virtual image of right eye, in head-mounted display apparatus, two sets of image display devices being configured, thus giving respectively
Right and left eyes provide the image light forming the virtual image, if the two width virtual images that beholder sees have parallax, can be to beholder
There is provided the image with 3d effect and feeling of immersion, this two sets of image display devices have same structure and only make anti-around
Turn, therefore only taking structure shown in Fig. 1-5 as a example, the design to the present invention is described in detail.
Image display device includes display screen 100, mesh side biconvex lens 300, reflecting element 200 and the first achromat
400, display screen 100 provides image light, for forming a virtual image, mesh side biconvex lens 300, reflecting element in human eye viewing side
200 and first achromat 400 be respectively positioned in the transmission light path of this image light.Wherein display screen 100 shows for liquid crystal micro
Device (lcd) or OLED (oled), can also be other any suitable display devices, and it should have size
Little, high resolution feature, can be used for miniaturization head-mounted display apparatus；Mesh side biconvex lens 300 are in visible ray model
Enclose and there is high transmitance, can be formed using glass or resin material, for example, pass through to inject thermoplastic resin in mould,
It is allowed to curing molding；Reflecting element 200 has specific light reflective, such as fully reflective in visible-range, can adopt
Glass or resin material, as the substrate of reflecting element 200, plate reflectance coating, such as aluminum foil metal total reflection in the one side of substrate
Film；First achromat 400 is compound lens, and it has high transmitance in visible-range, can using glass or
Resin material is formed, in order to adapt to the resinous wood that miniaturization design requirement, preferably lightweight and abbe number differ larger
Material.The image display device of the present invention is carried using the little display screen of overall dimensions (such as 0.3,0.59 inch or 0.61 inch etc.)
For the image light corresponding to display object, this image light is through by mesh side biconvex lens 300, reflecting element 200 and the first colour killing
The imaging optical paths compression of the optical system that aplanat 400 is combined into, amplification and correcting action, can make beholder see amplification
The virtual image, thus small-sized, the light-weight design that meet head-mounted display apparatus require.
Specifically, the first achromat 400 is cemented doublet, and it includes the first biconvex lens 410 and the first concave-concave
Lens 420, one of convex surface of the first biconvex lens 410 is adapted to and embedding with one of concave surface of the first biconcave lenss 420
Close, by gluing fixation, the adhesive layer being formed has highly transmissive to visible-range to both chimeric surfaces, thus reducing light
Loss.Optical signature parameter for the first biconvex lens 410 and the first biconcave lenss 420 selects, and is referred to following expression
Formula result of calculation:
In formula, f is the first biconvex lens 410 and the combined focal length of the first biconcave lenss 420, and fa is the first biconvex lens
410 focal length, fb is the focal length of the first biconcave lenss 420, and va is the abbe number of the first biconvex lens 410, and vb is first pair
The abbe number of concavees lens 420.
Fa and fb is calculated by formula above, using thin lenss Gauss summation (g-sum) formula, for achromatism double lens system
System, has a following computing formula:
H=(g8b) cb2-(g8a)ca2-cb(g7b)cb/f
Xi=(g5a) ca2/ 4, xk=(g5b) cb2/4
B=- (g2a) ca2, e=(g4a) ca, xj=cb (g4b)
Root=q2-4p*r
In formula, na is the Refractive Index of Material of the first biconvex lens 410, and nb is the Refractive Index of Material of the first biconcave lenss 420,
G1a is the Gauss summing value (g1) of the first biconvex lens 410, and g8b is the Gauss summing value (g8) of the first biconvex lens 410, c1
The surface curvature being first 410 two faces of biconvex lens with c2, c2 and c3 is that the surface in first 420 two faces of biconcave lenss is bent
Rate, the intermediate result that h, xi, xk, a, b, e, xj, d, p, r, q, root may be considered final calculation result represents code name.
Further, in image light transmission the first achromat 400, extremely low anti-in visible-range in order to realize
Penetrate rate, the first achromat 400 also includes the first increasing between the first biconvex lens 410 and the first biconcave lenss 420
Permeable membrane (not shown).In a better embodiment, the first anti-reflection film includes 1/4 wavelength magnesium oxide layer, 1/4 wavelength cerium fluoride layer
And positioned at 1/2 wavelength zirconium oxide between 1/4 wavelength magnesium oxide layer and 1/4 wavelength cerium fluoride layer, these three materials are formed
Anti-reflection film is capable of the reflectance less than 0.5%, prevents the resolution of image from declining.In other embodiments, the first increasing
The composition of permeable membrane can also adopt other schemes, the invention is not limited in this regard.
Below the optical system structure and operation principle of image display device is elaborated.
In the first embodiment, referring to Fig. 1, the first achromat 400 with mesh side biconvex lens 300 coaxial placement and
Positioned at the light exit side of mesh side biconvex lens 300, the optical axis of display screen 100 becomes one to preset with the optical axis of mesh side biconvex lens 300
Angle, in actual product, this default angle can between 60 ° to 120 ° value, but it is preferred that as shown in figure 1, when default
When angle is 90 °, the arrangement of optical system is compacter, and now reflecting element 200 is double with display screen 100 and mesh side respectively
The optical axis inclination angle at 45 ° of convex lenss 300.Reflecting element 200 is located between display screen 100 and mesh side biconvex lens 300, image
Light reflects on reflecting element 200 and sequentially reaches viewing after mesh side biconvex lens 300 and the first achromat 400 transmission
Side, to form a virtual image.So can change the direction of propagation of image light, reduce head-mounted display apparatus in beholder at the moment
Thickness, makes full use of horizontal space between two of beholder for the head-mounted display apparatus.Mesh side biconvex lens 300 main
Effect is to compress imaging beam, increases amplification；The Main Function of reflecting element 200 is to change the propagation side of image light
To, and the reflecting element 200 of the present embodiment has total reflection characteristic, is completely reflecting mirror, from the image light base of display screen 100
This is reflected without loss；The Main Function of the first achromat 400 is that corrected fields are bent, reduces aberration, to control arrival
The distortion size of the virtual image that the image light of beholder's eyes is formed, and need not be to image so as in the range of human eye accepts
Source is processed, thus reduces picture simultaneously and postpone.The image display device being provided based on the present embodiment, beholder can be
The virtual image is seen, experience has virtual reality (virtual reality) image of feeling of immersion in the visual space of one closing.
In the present embodiment, a portion structure of the first achromat 400 is biconcave lenss, and concave surface is located at and sees
See side, so can increase the distance of the eyes of beholder to lens, thus providing comfortable visual experience to beholder, it is to avoid
Visual fatigue.
Herein below will enumerate the data information of optical system first embodiment, according to these data informations, can to
Family provides high-quality nearly eye display effect, but the data information in following table is not in order to limit the present invention, the skill of this area
Art personnel, after with reference to the present invention, can be appropriately modified to its parameter, but still fall within scope of the invention.
Table one:
| Surface | Face type | Radius of curvature (mm) | Center thickness (mm) | Diameter (mm) |
| s401 | Sphere | -150.576 | 2 | 11 |
| s402 | Sphere | 26.538 | 2 | 11 |
| s403 | Sphere | -10.943 | 1 | 11 |
| s301 | Sphere | 28.707 | 3 | 13 |
| s302 | Sphere | -183.055 | 7 | 13 |
From upper table data, the size of optics can be made very small, thus save space is so that wear-type shows
The compact conformation of equipment, complete equipment is light easy-to-use.Wherein, combined focal length f of optical system can be between 11mm to 20mm
Value, such as increases focal length setting mechanism, adjusts the big of combined focal length f by changing the relative position between optics
Little.And the focal length for single optics, equally there is larger selection allowance, the focal length of the such as first achromat 400
For f1, the focal length of mesh side biconvex lens 300 is f2, then optical system all can be made when in both ratio scope below to meet to be made
With requiring, wherein 0.286 ＜ f1/f2＜ 0.5, thus can achieve more than 60 ° of the angle of visual field.
In a second embodiment, referring to Fig. 2, by changing the optical characteristics of reflecting element 200, can also carry to beholder
Experience for augmented reality (augmented reality).Specifically, reflecting element 200 is Transflective mirror, its Transflective
Ratio can flexibly select as needed, such as the reflectance of reflecting element 200 be 50%, absorbance be 50%, then the virtual image and
The light utilization of real image is 50%, is easier to obtain the visual effect of superposition.Extraneous scene light (such as distant place trees
700) reach viewing side after transflecting element 200, mesh side biconvex lens 300 and the first achromat 400 successively, therefore see
The person of seeing passes through to wear the head-mounted display apparatus of the image display device with the present embodiment, can not only individually experience have heavy
Leaching sense virtual reality, and can experience the virtual image is superimposed with extraneous field scene after formation augmented reality, not to image
The construction of display device carry out larger improved under the premise of, be greatly enriched the use function of product.
In the third embodiment, referring to Fig. 3, image display device also include positioned at display screen 100 and reflecting element 200 it
Between projecting lens 500, and projecting lens 500 and display screen 100 coaxial placement, by adjusting projecting lens 500 and display
Screen the distance between 100, can make image light from display screen 100 reimaging on reflecting element 200, form relay optical
System.In a particular application, projecting lens 500 can be multi-disc lens group synthesis lens group it is also possible to or single element lens,
Such as biconvex lens or monolithic aspherical mirror, Fresnel Lenses, cemented doublet and three balsaming lenss etc., thus reach
To correcting distorted and aberration purpose, excellent image is brought to show.It should be noted that the concrete type selecting of projecting lens and light
The optical surface design learning device can determine according to relay optical system.
In the fourth embodiment, referring to Fig. 4, image display device also include positioned at display screen 100 and reflecting element 200 it
Between and the second achromat 600 with display screen 100 coaxial placement, the second achromat 600 is same in optical system
Play the effect of aberration correction.The present embodiment can also be combined with above-mentioned 3rd embodiment, display screen 100, projecting lens 500
Be sequentially arranged along optical axis and coaxial placement with the second achromat 600, from display screen 100 image light priority through second
Achromat 600 and the correction of the first achromat 400, control distortion to a greater extent, reserve to optical system
Bigger regulation allowance.Design in the concrete type selecting of the second achromat 600 and optical surface, be referred to the first colour killing
Aplanat 400, the such as second achromat 600 is all cemented doublet, and it includes the second biconvex lens 610 and the second concave-concave
Lens 620, one of convex surface of the second biconvex lens 610 is adapted to and embedding with one of concave surface of the second biconcave lenss 620
Close, chimeric surface is fixed by the adhesive layer of high light transmittance.
Equally, in order that image light has extremely low reflectance in transmission the second achromat 600, the second achromatism is saturating
Mirror 600 also includes the second anti-reflection film (not shown) between the second biconvex lens 610 and the second biconcave lenss 620.Second
Anti-reflection film includes 1/4 wavelength magnesium oxide layer, 1/4 wavelength cerium fluoride layer and is located at 1/4 wavelength magnesium oxide layer and the fluorination of 1/4 wavelength
1/2 wavelength zirconium oxide between cerium layer, that is, the second anti-reflection film employ and the first anti-reflection film identical structure.Certainly, the second increasing
The composition of permeable membrane can also adopt other schemes, the invention is not limited in this regard.
Herein below will enumerate the data information of optical system fourth embodiment, according to these data informations, can to
Family provides high-quality nearly eye display effect, but the data information in following table is not in order to limit the present invention, the skill of this area
Art personnel, after with reference to the present invention, can be appropriately modified to its parameter, but still fall within scope of the invention.
Table two:
In the present embodiment, the characteristic parameter of the first achromat 400 and the second achromat 600 simultaneously differs, when
Same characteristic parameter so can also be chosen, those skilled in the art can flexibly select in actual applications, and the present invention is to this
It is not restricted.
In addition, referring to Fig. 5, second embodiment can be combined with 3rd embodiment and fourth embodiment respectively, to provide
Augmented reality is experienced.And when reflecting element 200 be half reflection and half transmission mirror when, from display screen 100 image light in reflector
Part reflection is only capable of on part 200 it is assumed that reflecting element 200 is 50% to the reflectance of image light, in order to ensure shape at human eye
The virtual image becoming has enough brightness, can accordingly improve the brightness of display screen 100, to make up the light loss causing in reflection
Lose.
In the embodiment above it is contemplated that the detecting eye diopter of user difference, if by each optics in optical system
The position of device immobilizes, then occur not fogging when the detecting eye diopter of user is not corresponded with the focal length of optical system
Clear situation, thus affect Consumer's Experience.In view of this, Jiao of optical system can be changed by increasing focal length setting mechanism
Away from so that it is adapted with the detecting eye diopter of user.Taking optical system shown in Fig. 1 to Fig. 5 as a example, this focal length setting mechanism with
Formed between mesh side biconvex lens 300 and connect, when the focal length needing to adjust optical system, focal length setting mechanism can be controlled to transport
Making, driving mesh side biconvex lens 300 to move forward and backward along itself optical axis, thus reaching the purpose focusing.
Referring to Fig. 6, the present embodiment offer is a kind of to easily facilitate the image display device focusing, compared to aforementioned mechanical
The focal length setting mechanism of formula, the technical scheme of the present embodiment can simplify the structure of a whole set of optical system.Specifically, image shows
Device also includes the liquid crystal lens 800 and polaroid 900 between reflecting element 200 and mesh side biconvex lens 300, polaroid
900 be located between reflecting element 200 and liquid crystal lens 800, from display screen 100 image light after transmission-polarizing piece 900 shape
Become the polarized light of particular polarization, the polarization direction of this polarized light is adapted with the liquid crystal lens 800 being in lens state, from
And produce refraction.Liquid crystal lens 800 include the sub-lens unit of multiple uniformly arrangements at grade, these sub-lens units
Form the variable convex lenss of focal length or concavees lens under the control of driving voltage, and equivalent lens generally circular in shape, its light
Axle is parallel with the optical axis of mesh side biconvex lens 300.Each sub-lens unit is arranged in image light and transmits on the cross section of light path, and
The light beam of image light is therefore divided into some beam unit by non-overlapping copies, and the wherein quantity of sub-lens unit is more than or equal to light beam
The quantity of unit.The corresponding sub-lens unit of each beam unit transmission, so that sub-lens unit is as convex lenss as a example, sub-lens
The focal power of unit is ψ1, the focal power of mesh side biconvex lens 300 is ψ2, then the group of sub-lens unit and mesh side biconvex lens 300
Closing light focal power ψ=ψ1+ψ2, therefore can increase the focal power of optical system, and in the case that display screen 100 size is certain, light
The focal power of system is bigger, then the angle of visual field is bigger.In addition, combine liquid crystal lens 800 with mesh side biconvex lens 300, also may be used
Adjusted with the diopter obtaining bigger nargin, thus adapting to different user.
In addition, in the case that optical system also configures that the first achromat 400, liquid crystal lens 800 and polaroid 900
May also be arranged between mesh side biconvex lens 300 and the first achromat 400.
Referring to Fig. 7, in another embodiment, it is possible to use it is double that liquid crystal lens 800 and polaroid 900 substitute above-mentioned mesh side
Convex lenss 400, are only focused by liquid crystal lens 800, this optical system is more simplified in structure, are conducive to mitigating and use
The burden of head-mounted display apparatus is worn at family.
Structure shown in Fig. 8 is one of sub-lens unit in liquid crystal lens 800.Specifically, sub-lens unit is included relatively
The first substrate 801 of setting and second substrate 806, two substrates are transparent material, such as sheets of glass, first substrate 801 and the
It is provided with liquid crystal layer 804, the alignment direction of liquid crystal layer 804 is vertical with the polarization direction of polaroid 900, this reality between two substrates 806
Apply example to carry to the liquid crystal molecule in liquid crystal layer 804 by using both alignment layers (structure, i.e. two both alignment layers 803 according to Fig. 8)
For initial orientation.In the present embodiment, order about the inclined of liquid crystal molecule generation specific direction by forming electric field in liquid crystal layer 804
Turning, thus forming lens, and the focal length of lens can be changed according to the change of electric field.First substrate 801 is provided with least one
Individual annular electrode 802, this annular electrode 802 refers to the electrode with a circular port, is formed in the corresponding region of circular port
Mirror, second substrate 806 is provided with plane-shape electrode 805, and annular electrode 802 and plane-shape electrode 805 can be ito electrode, by
The inner side of first substrate 802 and second substrate 806 respectively coating electrode material and formed, driving voltage is applied to annular electrode
802 with plane-shape electrode 805 on so that the liquid crystal molecule in liquid crystal layer 804 deflects.The present embodiment is by single sub-lens unit
The independent structure that liquid crystal lens 800 are described in detail, in actual applications, the first substrate of all of sub-lens unit
801 are integrated, and mark off the one-to-one first substrate 801 with each sub-lens unit in the big substrate of one side, with this
Analogize, second substrate 806, both alignment layers 803, annular electrode 802, liquid crystal layer 804 and plane-shape electrode 805 are all such, for ring
For shape electrode 802, some circular ports can be set in a whole face electrode, thus forming several annular electrodes 802.
For the electric field smooth distribution being formed between annular electrode 802 and plane-shape electrode 805, referring to Fig. 9, above-mentioned son is thoroughly
Mirror unit also includes the high resistance film 807 between annular electrode 802 and liquid crystal layer 804.The high resistance film 807 of the present embodiment is permissible
It is made up of pedot material, because pedot material with liquid crystal molecule directly contact, and can have orientation effect, so may replace
Near the both alignment layers 803 of annular electrode 802, on the one hand simplify lens arrangement, the thickness of lens can have been reduced, on the other hand not
The driving voltage of liquid crystal molecule can be improved by a relatively large margin, be more prone to realize the continuous vari-focus of lens.In addition, high resistance film
807 can also be made up of other any suitable materials, be such as made up of zinc oxide material, but the high resistance film made because of zinc oxide
In containing metal ion it is impossible to contact with liquid crystal molecule, this sub-lens unit is also included positioned at high resistance film 807 and liquid crystal layer 804
Between dielectric film (not shown), dielectric film need to be transparent material, such as select silicon dioxide.
Referring to Figure 10, in another embodiment, sub-lens unit includes first substrate 801, second substrate 806 and the 3rd base
Plate 808, first substrate 801 and second substrate 806 are located at the two opposite sides of the 3rd substrate 808 respectively, and first substrate 801 is in the face of the
The one side of three substrates 808 is provided with the first plane-shape electrode 809, the 3rd substrate 808 in the face of the one side of first substrate 801 be provided with to
A few annular electrode 802, insulate between the first plane-shape electrode 809 and annular electrode 802, such as in the first plane-shape electrode 809
Dielectric film is set and annular electrode 802 between, ultrathin insulating film, second substrate 806 face can be made from earth silicon material
Second plane-shape electrode 810 is provided with to the one side of the 3rd substrate 808, is provided between the 3rd substrate 808 and the second plane-shape electrode 810
Liquid crystal layer 804, the alignment direction of this liquid crystal layer 804 is vertical with the polarization direction of polaroid 900, and the present embodiment is by using orientation
Layer (structure, i.e. two both alignment layers 803 according to Figure 10) to provide initial orientation to the liquid crystal molecule in liquid crystal layer 804.Drive
Voltage is applied on the first plane-shape electrode 809, annular electrode 802 and the second plane-shape electrode 810, so that the liquid in liquid crystal layer 804
Brilliant molecule polarizes.The present embodiment is in the case of increased another plane-shape electrode, it is possible to achieve the smooth distribution of electric field, keeps away
Exempt from the situation that mutation in rims of the lens region.When using, electrode on the basis of the second plane-shape electrode 810, the first plane-shape electrode
809 and annular electrode 802 be drive electrode, apply no-voltage such as on the second plane-shape electrode 810, and in the first plane-shape electrode
809 with the relative voltage being applied more than zero on annular electrode 802, and by controlling the first plane-shape electrode 809 and annular electrode
802 voltage swing is realizing the regularity of distribution of electric field residing for liquid crystal layer 804.
Liquid crystal lens 800 shown in Fig. 6-Figure 10 are realized to image light by forming multiple sub-lens units sequentially arranged
Control, in the case that sub-lens unit is sufficiently small, through optical system formed the amplification virtual image can be close to perfect condition.
Realize the regulative mode of focusing based on electrically-controlled liquid crystal principle, except the above-mentioned liquid crystal with multiple sub-lens units
Sub-lens unit in liquid crystal lens 800 can also be integrated into an entirety, that is, be equivalent to only one of which size by lens 800
Exaggerated sub-lens unit.In the present embodiment, image display device also include positioned at reflecting element and mesh side biconvex lens it
Between liquid crystal lens and polaroid, wherein polaroid be located between liquid crystal lens and reflecting element；Or, mesh side biconvex lens by
Liquid crystal lens and polaroid substitute, and polaroid is located between reflecting element and described liquid crystal lens；Wherein liquid crystal lens are driving
The control of voltage is lower to form the variable convex lenss of focal length or concavees lens.Difference with above-described embodiment is, liquid crystal lens are in electricity
Only form lens under the control of pressure, it is possible to reduce image light in the caused light loss during it of transmission, and
It is advantageously implemented the control to image light.In the present embodiment, the set location of liquid crystal lens and polaroid is referred to Fig. 6 and Tu
7 scheme, can change the focal length of liquid crystal lens under the control of driving voltage, adapt to the use demand of different user.
The liquid crystal lens occurring as simple lens, it includes the first substrate being oppositely arranged and second substrate, first substrate
It is provided with liquid crystal layer and second substrate between, the alignment direction of liquid crystal layer is vertical with the polarization direction of polaroid, and first substrate sets
There are multiple annular electrodes in arranged concentric, second substrate is provided with plane-shape electrode, and driving voltage is applied to annular electrode and face
On shape electrode, and in multiple described annular electrodes, from inside to outside, the potential of multiple described annular electrodes is cumulative or decrescence, with
Liquid crystal in the layer liquid crystal molecule is made to deflect, thus forming convex lenss or concavees lens.In the present embodiment, multiple annular electrodes are
Drive electrode, the voltage of each annular electrode is independently controlled, and rationally controls the gap between adjacent annular electrode, with liquid
Forming the electric field of smooth gradual change transition in crystal layer, thus forming the sufficiently large lens of size, meeting use requirement.
Furthermore it is also possible to reference to the embodiment of above-mentioned liquid crystal lens 800, arrange high resistant between annular electrode and liquid crystal layer
Film, to obtain the electric field of smooth distribution.High resistance film can be made up of macromolecular material pedot material；Or, high resistance film is by zinc oxide
Material is made, and liquid crystal lens also include the dielectric film between high resistance film and liquid crystal layer, and dielectric film can be selected for silicon dioxide material
Material.
These are only the preferred embodiments of the present invention, not thereby limit the present invention the scope of the claims, every using this
Equivalent structure or equivalent flow conversion that bright description and accompanying drawing content are made, or directly or indirectly it is used in other related skills
Art field, is included within the scope of the present invention.
Claims (23)
1. a kind of image display device is it is characterised in that include display screen and the image light transmission light path being located at described display screen
On mesh side biconvex lens, reflecting element and the first achromat, described first achromat and described mesh side lenticular
Mirror coaxial placement and the light exit side positioned at described mesh side biconvex lens, the optical axis of described display screen and described mesh side lenticular
The optical axis of mirror becomes a default angle, and described reflecting element is located between described display screen and described mesh side biconvex lens, described figure
As light reflect on described reflecting element and sequentially after described mesh side biconvex lens and the first achromat transmission to taking things philosophically
See side, to form a virtual image.
2. image display device as claimed in claim 1 is it is characterised in that described default angle is 60 ° to 120 °.
3. image display device as claimed in claim 2 is it is characterised in that described default angle is 90 °, described reflecting element
Optical axis inclination angle at 45 ° with described display screen and mesh side biconvex lens respectively.
4. image display device as claimed in claim 1 is it is characterised in that described reflecting element is completely reflecting mirror；Or, institute
Stating reflecting element is Transflective mirror, and ambient light is successively through described reflecting element, mesh side biconvex lens and the first achromat
Viewing side is reached after transmission.
5. image display device as claimed in claim 1 is it is characterised in that described image display device is also included positioned at described
Projecting lens between display screen and described reflecting element, described projecting lens and described display screen coaxial placement.
6. the image display device as any one of claim 1 to 5 is it is characterised in that described first achromat
Including the first biconvex lens and the first biconcave lenss, one of convex surface of described first biconvex lens is saturating with described first concave-concave
One of concave surface of mirror is adapted to and is fitted together to.
7. image display device as claimed in claim 6 is it is characterised in that described first achromat is also included positioned at institute
State the first anti-reflection film between the first biconvex lens and the first biconcave lenss.
8. image display device as claimed in claim 7 is it is characterised in that described first anti-reflection film includes 1/4 wavelength oxidation
Magnesium layer, 1/4 wavelength cerium fluoride layer and be located at 1/2 wavelength between described 1/4 wavelength magnesium oxide layer and 1/4 wavelength cerium fluoride layer
Zirconium oxide.
9. image display device as claimed in claim 1 is it is characterised in that described image display device is also included positioned at described
The second achromat between display screen and described reflecting element and with described display screen coaxial placement.
10. image display device as claimed in claim 1 is it is characterised in that described image display device is also included positioned at institute
State the projecting lens between display screen and described reflecting element and the second achromat, described display screen, projecting lens and
Two achromats are sequentially arranged along optical axis and coaxial placement.
11. image display devices as described in claim 9 or 10 are it is characterised in that described second achromat includes
Two biconvex lens and the second biconcave lenss, one of convex surface of described second biconvex lens and described second biconcave lenss its
In a concave surface be adapted to and be fitted together to.
12. image display devices as claimed in claim 11 are it is characterised in that described second achromat also includes being located at
The second anti-reflection film between described second biconvex lens and the second biconcave lenss.
13. image display devices as claimed in claim 12 are it is characterised in that described second anti-reflection film includes 1/4 wavelength oxygen
Change magnesium layer, 1/4 wavelength cerium fluoride layer and be located at 1/2 ripple between described 1/4 wavelength magnesium oxide layer and 1/4 wavelength cerium fluoride layer
Long zirconium oxide.
14. image display devices as any one of claim 1 to 13 are it is characterised in that described image display device
Also include the liquid crystal lens between described reflecting element and described mesh side biconvex lens and polaroid, described polaroid is located at
Between described reflecting element and described liquid crystal lens；Or, described mesh side biconvex lens are substituted by liquid crystal lens and polaroid, institute
State polaroid to be located between described reflecting element and described liquid crystal lens；Wherein, described liquid crystal lens include multiple same flat
The sub-lens unit of uniformly arrangement on face, described sub-lens unit forms the variable convex lenss of focal length under the control of driving voltage
Or concavees lens.
15. image display devices as claimed in claim 14 are it is characterised in that what described sub-lens unit included being oppositely arranged
First substrate and second substrate, are provided with liquid crystal layer, the orientation of described liquid crystal layer between described first substrate and described second substrate
Direction is vertical with the polarization direction of described polaroid, and described first substrate is provided with least one annular electrode, described second base
Plate is provided with plane-shape electrode, and described driving voltage is applied on described annular electrode and described plane-shape electrode, so that described liquid crystal
In the layer liquid crystal molecule deflects.
16. image display devices as claimed in claim 15 are it is characterised in that described sub-lens unit is also included positioned at described
High resistance film between annular electrode and described liquid crystal layer.
17. image display devices as claimed in claim 16 are it is characterised in that described high resistance film is made up of pedot material；Or
Person, described high resistance film is made up of zinc oxide material, and described sub-lens unit is also included positioned at described high resistance film and described liquid crystal layer
Between dielectric film.
18. image display devices as claimed in claim 14 it is characterised in that described sub-lens unit include first substrate,
Second substrate and the 3rd substrate, described first substrate and described second substrate are located at the two opposite sides of described 3rd substrate respectively,
Described first substrate is provided with the first plane-shape electrode in the face of the one side of described 3rd substrate, and described 3rd real estate is to described first
The one side of substrate is provided with least one annular electrode, insulate between described first plane-shape electrode and described annular electrode, described
Second substrate is provided with the second plane-shape electrode in the face of the one side of described 3rd substrate, and described second substrate is electric with described second planar
It is provided with liquid crystal layer, the alignment direction of described liquid crystal layer is vertical with the polarization direction of described polaroid, described driving voltage between pole
It is applied on described first plane-shape electrode, annular electrode and the second plane-shape electrode, so that described liquid crystal in the layer liquid crystal molecule is sent out
Raw polarization.
19. image display devices as any one of claim 1 to 13 are it is characterised in that described image display device
Also include the liquid crystal lens between described reflecting element and described mesh side biconvex lens and polaroid, wherein said polaroid
Between described reflecting element and described liquid crystal lens；Or, described mesh side biconvex lens are replaced by liquid crystal lens and polaroid
In generation, described polaroid is located between described reflecting element and described liquid crystal lens；Wherein said liquid crystal lens are in driving voltage
Control the variable convex lenss of lower formation focal length or concavees lens.
20. image display devices as claimed in claim 19 are it is characterised in that described liquid crystal lens include being oppositely arranged
One substrate and second substrate, are provided with liquid crystal layer, the orientation side of described liquid crystal layer between described first substrate and described second substrate
To vertical with the polarization direction of described polaroid, described first substrate is provided with multiple annular electrodes in arranged concentric, described
Second substrate is provided with plane-shape electrode, and described driving voltage is applied on described annular electrode and described plane-shape electrode, and many
In individual described annular electrode, from inside to outside, the potential of multiple described annular electrodes is cumulative or decrescence, so that described liquid crystal in the layer
Liquid crystal molecule deflects.
21. image display devices as claimed in claim 20 are it is characterised in that described liquid crystal lens are also included positioned at described ring
High resistance film between shape electrode and described liquid crystal layer.
22. image display devices as claimed in claim 21 are it is characterised in that described high resistance film is made up of pedot material；Or
Person, described high resistance film is made up of zinc oxide material, described liquid crystal lens also include positioned at described high resistance film and described liquid crystal layer it
Between dielectric film.
A kind of 23. head-mounted display apparatus are it is characterised in that the image including any one of claim 1 to 22 shows
Device.
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| CN201610799869 | 2016-08-31 | ||
| CN2016107998696 | 2016-08-31 |
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Application publication date: 20170118 |
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