CN106329916A - Driving method and circuit for switching tube and power system - Google Patents
Driving method and circuit for switching tube and power system Download PDFInfo
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- CN106329916A CN106329916A CN201610757563.4A CN201610757563A CN106329916A CN 106329916 A CN106329916 A CN 106329916A CN 201610757563 A CN201610757563 A CN 201610757563A CN 106329916 A CN106329916 A CN 106329916A
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Classifications
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
- H02M3/00—Conversion of DC power input into DC power output
- H02M3/02—Conversion of DC power input into DC power output without intermediate conversion into AC
- H02M3/04—Conversion of DC power input into DC power output without intermediate conversion into AC by static converters
- H02M3/10—Conversion of DC power input into DC power output without intermediate conversion into AC by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode
- H02M3/145—Conversion of DC power input into DC power output without intermediate conversion into AC by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal
- H02M3/155—Conversion of DC power input into DC power output without intermediate conversion into AC by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only
- H02M3/156—Conversion of DC power input into DC power output without intermediate conversion into AC by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only with automatic control of output voltage or current, e.g. switching regulators
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Abstract
The invention discloses a driving method and circuit for a switching tube and a power system. The turn-on process of the main switching tube can be roughly divided into three phases, the current flowing through the main switching tube is limited by adopting a current limiting module to prevent overshoot, the current limiting module has multiple implementation schemes, a logic control module controls the current limiting module not to work before turn-on, and the control end of the switching tube is turned off; in the turn-on process, the gate source voltage of the switching tube is adjusted via a feedback loop, so that the current of the switching tube quickly reaches set turn-on limiting current and is maintained at the current, till the switching tube is completely turned on. The current of the switching tube in the turn-on process can be effectively controlled, and the turn-on driving time is shortened.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to electric and electronic technical field, be specifically related to the driving method of a kind of switching tube and circuit and power supply system
System.
Background technology
In the power supply system, the change of electric energy is realized by controlling turning on and off of switching power pipe (i.e. switching tube)
Change, and the control of voltage and current of switching frequency, input and output is all the key of electric energy conversion, therefore to switching mode power tube
Driving control essential.As it is shown in figure 1, as a example by blood pressure lowering (BUCK) circuit conventional in power-supply system, logic control electricity
Road U01 sampling and outputting voltage, and compare with the reference voltage inside it, produce pwm signal, to control main switch M00's
Turn-on and turn-off so that the output voltage of power-supply system is equal to its internal reference voltage.Grid due to main switch M00
Parasitic capacitance is the biggest, it is therefore desirable to drive circuit U00 drives main switch M00.
As in figure 2 it is shown, be the drive circuit of prior art, mainly include the phase inverter of several series connection.Phase inverter from a left side to
Right driving force increases step by step, and namely the driving force of U10 is the most weak, and the driving force of U13 is the strongest so that U13 has enough
Driving force makes the grid of main switch by high step-down.
Above-mentioned drive circuit, when PWM is by low uprising, makes main switch become fully on state from off state；?
When PWM is by high step-down, main switch is made to become off state from fully on state.Owing to this drive circuit only accounts for driving
The problem of ability, and in main switch opening process, it may appear that the uncontrollable situation of electric current.Anti-due to fly-wheel diode
To recovery process, main switch is caused to produce of short duration similar straight-through phenomenon with fly-wheel diode, in main switch and diode
Electric current all in state out of control, produce the biggest current over pulse, system reliability and EMI all made a big impact.For
Preventing this current over pulse from interfering system, need to add certain blanking time, the blanking time is from the rising of pwm signal
Along starting to the main switch fully on certain time of time delay the most backward.In this blanking time, logic control circuit is not
Detection main switch electric current.In Buck circuit, if SW point is to ground short circuit, due to main switch current run-away, electric current can mistake
Main switch is caused greatly to damage.As it is shown on figure 3, be the working waveform figure of Buck circuit, the waveform amplification of opening process is then such as Fig. 4
Shown in.The waveform of other circuit topologies is similar to therewith.Wherein, the part marked in Fig. 3 dotted line frame is exactly master switch when opening,
The waveform of the current over pulse produced.
The solution of prior art extends the driving time of opening of main switch, and such result result in be opened
Cheng Bianchang, thus reduce system effectiveness；And it is difficult to the driving time opened is optimized, simultaneously as actuating speed can be with
The factor such as different switching tubes or operating temperature of employing and change, can cause and need the different driving time delay of design of specific device
Time.
Summary of the invention
In view of this, it is an object of the invention to provide a kind of controlled current flow in opening process, and driving is opened in optimization
The driving method of the switching tube of time and circuit and power-supply system, in order to solve that prior art exists because solving current over pulse meeting
Extend the technical problem opening driving time.
The technical solution of the present invention is to provide the driving method of the switching tube of a kind of following steps, described switching tube
Opening process include with the next stage:
First stage: the control end of main switch receives control signal, described control signal from invalid become characterizing open-minded
Effective time, the voltage of described main switch grid to source electrode begins to ramp up, along with the decline of gate source voltage, described main switch
Starting progressively to turn on, the electric current flowing through main switch also begins to rise, and reaches the restriction electric current set；
Second stage: make the electric current of described main switch be maintained at limit by controlling the gate source voltage of described main switch
Electric current processed, the impedance between the drain-source pole of main switch reduces, the absolute value continuous decrease of drain-source voltage；
Phase III: the electric current of described main switch drops to running current from limiting electric current, described switching tube
Gate source voltage declines again and its absolute value reaches maximum, and now, described main switch is in fully on state.
Preferably, detect the drain-source voltage of described main switch, the lowest at the absolute value continuous decrease of described drain-source voltage
During threshold value, then by the gate source voltage of quick pull-down main switch, so that main switch is fully on.Will gate source voltage conduct
Judge index, opens speed in order to accelerate main switch.
Preferably, the electric current of described main switch is maintained at restriction electric current is to be realized by following steps: flowed through by sampling
The electric current of main switch, and signal sampling obtained and default current limliting are with reference to carrying out Error processing, and tie according to Error processing
Really, the electric current of main switch is made to be equal to limit electric current by regulating the gate source voltage of described main switch.
Preferably, the electric current of described main switch is maintained at restriction electric current is to be realized by following steps: arrange additionally auxiliary
Switching tube, described auxiliary switch and the main switch composition current mirror controlled, flow through auxiliary switch by restriction
Electric current makes the electric current of described main switch be maintained at restriction electric current.
Another technical solution of the present invention is to provide the drive circuit of the switching tube of a kind of following structure, including limit
Flow module, described drive circuit receives control signal, in opening process, described control signal from invalid become characterizing open-minded
Effective time, the voltage of main switch grid to source electrode begins to decline, and current limliting module is started working, along with under gate source voltage
Fall, described main switch starts progressively to turn on, and the electric current flowing through main switch also begins to rise, and under the regulation of current limliting module
Reach the restriction electric current set；
The electric current of described main switch is made to be maintained at restriction electric current by controlling the gate source voltage of described main switch, main
Impedance between the drain-source pole of switching tube reduces, the absolute value continuous decrease of drain-source voltage；
The electric current of described main switch drops to running current, the gate source voltage of described main switch from limiting electric current
Again declining and its absolute value reaches maximum, now, described main switch is in fully on state.
Preferably, described drive circuit also includes Logic control module, described in described Logic control module reception
Control signal, described Logic control module is according to described control signal, when control signal is invalid, Logic control module control
Current limliting module processed does not works, and the grid voltage of described main switch is pulled upward to its source voltage；It is effective in control signal
Time, Logic control module controls current limliting module and starts working.
Preferably, described current limliting module includes the first operational amplifier, and the first of the first described operational amplifier is defeated
Entering end and receive current limliting reference signal, its second input receives and characterizes the sampled signal flowing through main switch electric current, its outfan
It is connected with the control end of main switch.
Preferably, described drive circuit also includes voltage comparator, and described voltage comparator receives the leakage of main switch
Source voltage, compares the Low threshold of its absolute value with setting, when the absolute value of drain-source voltage is down to described Low threshold, then leads to
The gate source voltage of the low main switch of too fast prompt drop, so that main switch is fully on.
Preferably, described drive circuit also includes that timing protection circuit, the electric current of described main switch are maintained at restriction
During electric current, threshold time is set by timing protection circuit, has not degraded, then when the absolute value of drain-source voltage exceedes threshold time
Control main switch to turn off, to protect main switch.
Preferably, described current limliting module includes auxiliary switch and the first operational amplifier, described auxiliary switch
With the main switch composition current mirror controlled, the first input end of the first described operational amplifier receives reference signal, its
Second input is connected with the first end of described auxiliary switch, and its outfan is connected with the control end of main switch；Described
First end of auxiliary switch receives the first current source when control signal characterizes effective.
Preferably, described current limliting module includes auxiliary switch and the first switching tube, described auxiliary switch and institute
The main switch composition current mirror controlled, the first end of the first described switching tube receives supply voltage, and its second end is with described
The control end of main switch connects, and the end that controls of the first switching tube is connected with the first end of auxiliary switch；Described auxiliary is opened
The first end closing pipe receives the first current source when control signal characterizes effective.
Preferably, the first described switching tube is p-type metal-oxide-semiconductor.
Preferably, described current limliting module also includes auxiliary switch, second switch pipe and the second operational amplifier, described
Auxiliary switch with controlled main switch composition current mirror, described second switch pipe second end receive power supply electricity
Pressure, its first end is connected with the control end of described main switch, the control end of second switch pipe and the second operational amplifier defeated
Going out end to connect, the first input end of described second operational amplifier receives reference signal, and its second input is opened with described auxiliary
The first end closing pipe connects；First end of described auxiliary switch receives the first current source when control signal characterizes effective.
Preferably, described current limliting module includes auxiliary switch, second switch pipe and the second operational amplifier, by adjusting
The electric current of joint auxiliary switch, regulates the electric current of controlled main switch, and the first of the second described operational amplifier is defeated
Entering end and receive the reference signal characterizing auxiliary switch current limitation value, its second input receives sign and flows through auxiliary switch
The sampled signal of electric current, its outfan is connected with the control end of main switch；The outfan of the second operational amplifier and second leaves
The control end closing pipe connects, and the second end of described second switch pipe receives supply voltage, its first end and described main switch
Control end connect.
Preferably, described second switch pipe is N-type metal-oxide-semiconductor.
Another technical solution of the present invention is to provide the Circuits System of a kind of following structure, including any of the above one
Plant the drive circuit of switching tube.
Use circuit structure and the method for the present invention, compared with prior art, have the advantage that at main switch open-minded
During, three phases can be roughly divided into, use current limliting module the electric current flowing through main switch to be carried out current limliting, to prevent electric current
Crossing punching, current limliting module has multiple embodiments, controls current limliting module before opening by Logic control module and does not works, master switch
The control end of pipe is essentially pulled up to source electrode；In opening process, by feedback circuit, regulate main switch gate source voltage, make main opening
Close tube current and be rapidly achieved opening current limliting and maintaining this electric current of setting, until main switch is the most open-minded.The present invention can
Effectively control the electric current in main switch opening process, and shorten and open driving time.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the circuit structure diagram of the BUCK circuit of power switch pipe in prior art；
Fig. 2 is the circuit structure diagram of the drive circuit of prior art power switch pipe；
Fig. 3 is the working waveform figure of prior art Fig. 1；
Fig. 4 is the waveform amplification figure of prior art Fig. 3 opening process；
Fig. 5 is the working waveform figure of the present invention；
Fig. 6 is the circuit structure diagram of the embodiment of the present invention one；
Fig. 7 is the circuit structure diagram of the embodiment of the present invention two；
Fig. 8 is the circuit structure diagram of the embodiment of the present invention three；
Fig. 9 is the circuit structure diagram of the embodiment of the present invention four；
Figure 10 is the circuit structure diagram of the embodiment of the present invention five；
Figure 11 is the annexation schematic diagram of voltage comparator and main switch；
Figure 12 is the annexation schematic diagram of timing protection circuit.
Detailed description of the invention
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing, the preferred embodiments of the present invention are described in detail, but the present invention is not restricted to these
Embodiment.The present invention contains any replacement, amendment, equivalent method and scheme made in the spirit and scope of the present invention.
Understand thoroughly to make the public that the present invention to be had, be described in detail concrete in present invention below preferred embodiment
Details, and do not have the description of these details can also understand the present invention completely for a person skilled in the art.
Referring to the drawings the present invention the most more particularly described below in the following passage.It should be noted that, accompanying drawing is all adopted
By the form more simplified and all use non-ratio accurately, only in order to convenient, aid in illustrating the embodiment of the present invention lucidly
Purpose.
With reference to shown in Fig. 5, illustrate pwm signal in work process of the present invention, flow through the electric current I of main switchD, grid source electricity
Pressure Vgs and the waveform of drain-source voltage Vds, main reflection its open the waveform during driving.Using pwm signal to control is to control
A kind of control mode of main switch, pwm signal includes live part and inactive portion, and the two constitutes a switch periods,
Live part accounts for the ratio of whole switch periods and is referred to as dutycycle.In the present embodiment, the high level part of pwm signal is for having
Effect, low level part is invalid, and described pwm signal not main switch controls the signal of end, but characterizes open-minded with pwm signal
Or turn off the moment, pwm signal finally gives main switch grid voltage by logic transformation, therefore, is arranged by logic, it is possible to
So that the low level part of pwm signal is that effectively high level part is invalid, is simultaneous for different types of main switch, this
Pwm signal described in embodiment all can realize corresponding function, it is seen then that the level state of the concrete pwm signal in the present embodiment is also
The restriction to the application can not be constituted.In figure as a example by high level characterizes effectively, it is however generally that, it is believed that described is effective
Refer to open-minded, invalid, refer to turn off, as a example by the present embodiment is using the metal-oxide-semiconductor of p-type as main switch, although, for p-type
Metal-oxide-semiconductor, it controls end or grid is generally open-minded under low level, and high level ends, but still pwm signal is still with high level part
As effectively, arranged by logic or transform that to be capable of its grid be low level, therefore be explained at this.
The opening process of described switching tube includes with the next stage:
First stage (t0-t1): the pwm signal of main switch from invalid become characterizing open effective time, described master opens
Pass tube grid begins to decline to the voltage of source electrode, and along with the decline of gate source voltage voltage, described main switch starts progressively to turn on,
The electric current flowing through main switch also begins to rise, and reaches the restriction electric current set；
Second stage (t1-t2): make the electric current of described main switch by controlling the gate source voltage of described main switch
Being maintained at restriction electric current, the impedance between the drain-source pole of main switch reduces, the absolute value continuous decrease of drain-source voltage；
Phase III (t2-t3): the electric current of described main switch drops to running current, described master from limiting electric current
The gate source voltage of switching tube declines again and its absolute value reaches maximum, and now, described main switch is in fully on
State.
Each stage above, the division simply carried out according to the variation tendency of waveform, there is no strict boundary, use rank
Section is stated, only to facilitate describe, does not constitute the restriction to the application scheme.About " leading " switching tube, " leading " only for
Distinguish and need, be in the application the switching tube to control and to drive, certainly, in actual scene is applied, be generally also commonly called as
Main switch.Described running current is the operating current in side circuit application, and different application may be different,
There is no specific numerical value.
With reference to shown in Fig. 6, illustrate the circuit structure of the embodiment of the present invention one, including drive circuit and main switch M00,
Described drive circuit is used for driving main switch M00, present invention mainly solves the technical problem of main switch M00 opening process.
Described drive circuit includes current limliting module and Logic control module, described Logic control module receive described in pwm signal,
Described Logic control module is according to described pwm signal, and when pwm signal is low level, Logic control module controls current limliting mould
Block does not works, and will switch K30 and turn off, power the first operational amplifier U30 cutting off supply voltage VD, and described master opened
(pwm signal is connected to switch the control end of M31, first end of switch M31 and master to the control end GATE voltage high of pass pipe M00
The control end of switching tube M00 connects, and second end of switch M31 is connected with supply voltage BUS, and BUS is as the high electricity of supply voltage
Position end)；When pwm signal is high level, Logic control module controls current limliting module and starts working, switch K30 conducting, described confession
First operational amplifier U30 is powered by piezoelectric voltage VD, now M31 turn off, simultaneously the first operational amplifier U30 also with supply voltage
BUS connects, and wherein VD is as the cold end of supply voltage.Supply voltage BUS and supply voltage VD refers both to supply voltage, in order to
The two being distinguished, described supply voltage BUS is the first supply voltage, and described supply voltage VD is the second power supply electricity
Pressure.Described supply voltage BUS is also referred to as busbar voltage.
Described current limliting module includes first input of the first operational amplifier U30, the first described operational amplifier U30
End receives current limliting reference signal VREF, and its second input receives and characterizes sampled signal VS flowing through main switch M00 electric current, its
Outfan is connected with the control end of main switch M00.Main switch M00 is that the source electrode (i.e. its second end) of PMOS, M00 is through electricity
Resistance R31 is connected in busbar voltage BUS.The low fixed voltage of VD voltage ratio BUS, and drive circuit powered by BUS and VD, i.e.
BUS is the high potential of drive circuitry；VD is the earth potential of drive circuitry.And the current potential of VS, VREF is all relative
The current potential of busbar voltage.
In figure 6, in conjunction with the waveform of Fig. 5, the concrete work process of the present embodiment is as follows: when pwm signal is low, switch
M31 turns on, and GATE is driven high, and metal-oxide-semiconductor (one of main switch) M00 turns off；Switch K30 turns off, and GATE is not entered by amplifier U30
Row is drop-down.In the t0 moment in Figure 5, pwm signal is uprised by low, and switch M31 turns off, switch K30 conducting, amplifier U30 at VD and
Enable under the power supply of BUS.Resistance R31 is as the electric current of sampling resistor sampling metal-oxide-semiconductor M00, and is converted into voltage VS and is linked into fortune
Put the inverting input of U30.In the t0-t1 moment, owing to metal-oxide-semiconductor is the most open-minded, its electric current is essentially 0, therefore GATE voltage by
The source voltage of M00 starts to decline rapidly, i.e. gate source voltage declines rapidly by 0.When GATE voltage drops to a certain degree,
Metal-oxide-semiconductor M00 turns on, and its electric current becomes big, and when metal-oxide-semiconductor M00 electric current reaches VREF/R31, then amplifier U30 adjusts GATE voltage, makes
Metal-oxide-semiconductor electric current maintains cut-off current VREF/R31, i.e. t1-t2 moment, and now, amplifier U30 limits the electric current of MOS, and GATE
Voltage is held essentially constant (gate source voltage is also held essentially constant).When cut-off current VREF/R31 normally works more than metal-oxide-semiconductor
Electric current, and the drain voltage rising of metal-oxide-semiconductor.Having arrived the t2 moment, the absolute value of the drain-source voltage of MOS is the most of a sufficiently low so that
Electric current on metal-oxide-semiconductor and the voltage VS in inductive current (referring to the inductance in Fig. 1) approximately equal, and resistance R31 also below
Reference voltage VREF, the output of amplifier U30 reduces, the grid voltage of metal-oxide-semiconductor drags down (gate source voltage reduction).When having arrived t3
Carving, the output of amplifier U30 is saturated, and output voltage reaches its minimum, and metal-oxide-semiconductor M00 is in fully on state.
It is generally a few ns to tens ns, it is therefore desirable to the speed of amplifier U30 is the fastest from t0-t3.In order to accelerate from t2-t3
During this period of time, can add voltage comparator, the drain-source voltage (being characterized by its absolute value) of comparator detection metal-oxide-semiconductor, when it
When the absolute value of drain-source voltage is of a sufficiently low, the grid of the most drop-down metal-oxide-semiconductor, refers to Figure 11.Although being illustrated in figure 6, but
Those of ordinary skill in the art all know its embodiment.When some error situation, the SW point in Fig. 1 is shorted to ground, the most continuous
Stream shorted diode is to ground, then metal-oxide-semiconductor M00 will not reduce at the absolute value of the t1-t2 moment drain-source voltage opened, then GATE electricity
Pressure can maintain certain value always, can add timing protection circuit in the driving circuit and detect during this period of time, work as drain-source voltage
Absolute value exceed certain time and have not degraded, then drive circuit sends alarm signal, and makes metal-oxide-semiconductor turn off, and refers to Figure 12.
When this error situation, MOS electric current is limited in VREF/R31, so considerably increases the reliability of system.The most open-minded
During, MOS current over pulse is limited in punching and the vibration excessively of VREF/R31, MOS and also reduces, and EMI and system reliability are all
Obtain obvious improvement.
With reference to shown in Fig. 7, illustrate the circuit structure of the embodiment of the present invention two.For the embodiment one in Fig. 6, sampling electricity
Extra voltage and power consumption can be produced, the extra power especially in the application of low-voltage, high-current, on this sampling resistor on resistance R31
Consumption is relatively big, have impact on being suitable for of the program.On this basis, the embodiment two in Fig. 7, employ and be different from current limliting mould in Fig. 6
The circuit structure of block, it is not necessary to sampling resistor, thus substantially reduce extra power consumption.
Switching tube M45 is as auxiliary switch, and main switch M00 forms current mirror, in saturated working area, the electricity of M45
Stream is the 1/N of M00.Switching tube M45 and the first operational amplifier U45 is as current limliting module.In electric current on metal-oxide-semiconductor M00 and Fig. 5
Current waveform be the same, simply in Fig. 7, the cut-off current of metal-oxide-semiconductor M00 is N*I41 rather than VREF/R31 before, i.e. institute
The form of the cut-off current used is different.
When PWM is low, M46, M47 turn on, and the GATE voltage of M00 and VC voltage are pulled upward to the source voltage of M00, also
Being exactly BUS voltage, and switch K45, K46 turn off, VC is not carried out drop-down by current source I41, and amplifier U45 is (as embodiment two
In the first operational amplifier) do not enable, the grid voltage GATE of metal-oxide-semiconductor M00 (i.e. it controls end) be height.When PWM is by low change
Gao Shi, M46, M47 turn off, and switch K45, K46 conducting, VC is carried out drop-down by current source I41, and amplifier U45 enables.Owing to working as PWM
For time low, the GATE voltage of M00, M45 is height, therefore PWM to high level saltus step time, owing to GATE is high, flow through M00,
The electric current of M45 is less, and voltage VC can be pulled down to below VREF2 by current source I41, makes amplifier U45 be output as low, by GATE electricity
(gate source voltage decline), i.e. t0-t1 moment in Fig. 5 are drawn in pressure.It should be noted that K46 and M47 is dispensable, because
It is output state when 0 that K45 can control U45 at PWM.In other words, when implementing, the scheme of M47 and K46 and K45's
Scheme can be as concomitant regimen, and the two selects one can realize corresponding function, but in the present embodiment, in order to illustrate conveniently, then
A schematic diagram is shown.
When GATE voltage declines (gate source voltage decline) to a certain extent, and the upper electric current of M45 reaches I41, i.e. on M00, electric current is
N*I41, then voltage VC rises, and amplifier U45 controls VC equal to VREF2, then on M45, electric current maintains the upper electric current of I41, M00 and also ties up
Holding at N*I41, GATE voltage is held essentially constant, and gate source voltage also keeps being basically unchanged.Arrive the t2 moment, the drain-source electricity of M00
The absolute value of pressure is reduced to of a sufficiently low value, reaches the Low threshold set, and on M00, electric current is less than N*I41, then VC voltage drop
Low, the output of amplifier U45 diminishes, and GATE voltage declines, until amplifier U45 is saturated, its output voltage drops to minimum, now
Metal-oxide-semiconductor M00 is fully on.
In Fig. 7 circuit, switching tube M47, switching tube M46, switch K45 and switch K46 constitute the logic control in the present embodiment
Circuit processed, is receiving after pwm signal, and in order to control current limliting module and main switch M00, it specifically connects as it can be seen, at this
Do not repeat.
With reference to shown in Fig. 8, illustrate the circuit structure of the embodiment of the present invention three.Amplifier U45 in Fig. 7 and reference voltage
VREF2 can realize by PMOS M48 (as second switch pipe), as shown in the M48 in broken circle frame in Fig. 8.When PWM is by low
When uprising, owing to the electric current of M45 and M00 is 0, and its grid voltage GATE is high, then the grid of M48, i.e. VC voltage reduces, makes
The source voltage of M48, i.e. GATE voltage reduces (gate source voltage decline).When gate source voltage drops to a certain degree, the electricity on M45
When stream reaches I41, then the gate source voltage of M48 reduces, and the upper electric current of M48 reduces, and GATE voltage maintains certain value so that M45 powers on
Stream is I41.When the drain voltage of M00 is sufficiently high, then on M00, electric current is less than N*I41, then VC is drop-down by current source I41, M48
Fully on, and GATE voltage is pulled down to VD+Vgs (M48), metal-oxide-semiconductor M00 is fully on.It should be noted that for
The control of M48 without K46 and M47, and can also substitute with the switching tube as shown in Figure 7 of one and M48 series connection, therefore gives at this
With explanation.
In Fig. 8 circuit, switching tube M47, switching tube M46 and switch K46 constitute the logic control circuit in the present embodiment,
After receiving pwm signal, in order to control current limliting module and power switch pipe, it specifically connects as it can be seen, therefore not to repeat here.
With reference to shown in Fig. 9, illustrate the circuit structure of the embodiment of the present invention four.In the embodiment three shown in Fig. 8, GATE
Drop-down employing p-type metal-oxide-semiconductor M48, therefore GATE minimum voltage can only arrive VD+Vgs, and can not arrive supply voltage VD.For GATE
Voltage can get at minimum voltage VD, thus reduces main metal-oxide-semiconductor M00 conduction impedance further, and N-type metal-oxide-semiconductor therefore can be used to make
For exporting, i.e. by the M48 in N-type metal-oxide-semiconductor M55 (as second switch pipe) and the second operational amplifier U55 alternative embodiment three.
It addition, similar with embodiment three, K46 and M47 can be switched, but a switch of connecting on M55 so that be 0 at PWM
Time (it is invalid to be i.e. characterized as), M55 turns off.
When pwm signal is low, M46 turns on, and GATE voltage is high, and M00 turns off.VC is pulled upward to high level by M47 simultaneously,
U55 is output as low, and N-type metal-oxide-semiconductor M55 turns off, and GATE voltage will not be pulled low.And in the metal-oxide-semiconductor M00 fully on stage, VC quilt
Current source I41 is drop-down, and U55 is output as ceiling voltage, and M55 is fully on, and GATE voltage is pulled down to VD.Remaining working stage and
Being similar to described by circuit, no longer describes in detail before.
With reference to shown in Figure 10, illustrate the circuit structure of the embodiment of the present invention five.The electric current that embodiment two to four all uses
The mode of mirror is sampled the electric current of main metal-oxide-semiconductor M00, M45 and M00 forms current mirror；The drain terminal voltage of M45 is VC, and the leakage of M00
Terminal voltage is relevant with the voltage of external switch circuit, and its drain terminal voltage phase difference is very big, can cause the error of current mirror.The basis of Figure 10
The drain electrode of auxiliary switch M60 and M00 is linked together by embodiment, and the current ratio making both is more accurate so that on R65
Pressure drop reflection M00 electric current.
And Figure 10 is also adopted by the N-type metal-oxide-semiconductor such as embodiment four GATE is carried out drop-down so that GATE voltage can arrive
Supply voltage VD, i.e. minimum voltage.The source electrode of M65 is connected to the source electrode of M00 by sampling resistor R65.Due to the electric current on M65
More much smaller than the electric current on M00, therefore the power consumption on R65 will not produce impact to the efficiency of system.Therefore, although the present embodiment
Make use of the principle of current mirror, but be the most proportional current mirror.
When pwm signal is 0, M66 turns on, and is pulled up by GATE, and K65 turns off simultaneously, makes M67 (as second switch pipe) no
Can be drop-down to GATE.R65 can be a resistance, it is also possible to be a MOS being in linear zone.Reference letter in the present embodiment
The reference signal of number VREF2 and other embodiments is different, the value not phase that the reference signal of the most each embodiment is characterized
With, but in corresponding embodiment, all play the effect of reference, it is explained at this.
With reference to shown in Figure 11, illustrate the annexation of voltage comparator and main switch.In described drive circuit
Add voltage comparator U70, described voltage comparator U70 receive main switch M00 drain-source voltage (owing to source electrode connects power supply,
So being connected on drain electrode in figure, drain voltage characterizes drain-source voltage), it is compared with the Low threshold VTH1 set, works as leakage
The absolute value of source voltage is down to described Low threshold VTH1, then by the drop-down metal-oxide-semiconductor of pull-down circuit, i.e. by quickly reducing master switch
The gate source voltage of pipe M00, so that main switch M00 is fully on.
With reference to shown in Figure 12, illustrate the annexation of timing protection circuit.Timing is added in described drive circuit
Protection circuit U82, when the electric current of described main switch M00 is maintained at restriction electric current, is limited by limit detection circuit U81 detection
Electric current, arranges threshold time by timing protection circuit U82, when the absolute value of drain-source voltage is (owing to source electrode connects power supply, so scheming
In be connected on drain electrode, drain voltage characterizes drain-source voltage) exceed threshold time and have not degraded, then through logic circuit U83 by upper
Puller circuit U84 controls main switch and turns off M00, to protect main switch M00.For drain-source voltage exceed threshold time the most not under
Fall is then judged by comparator U80, and VTH2, as the reference voltage compared, sets according to the drain-source voltage absolute value before declining
Put rational VTH2 can realize.
Pwm signal involved by all embodiments of the invention is pulse-width signal, is used for controlling power switch pipe, but
Pwm signal is only the one of control signal of the present invention, and described control signal can also have other modes.
In addition, although above embodiment be separately illustrated and illustrate, but relating to the technology that part is common, in this area
Those of ordinary skill apparently, can be replaced between the embodiments and integrate, and relates to one of them embodiment and is not expressly recited
Content, then refer to another embodiment on the books.The power drive pipe of the present invention can apply to various topological structure,
Its drive circuit and method simultaneously, can realize under various application, and be not limited to BUCK circuit.
Embodiments described above, is not intended that the restriction to this technical scheme protection domain.Any in above-mentioned enforcement
Amendment, equivalent and the improvement etc. made within the spirit of mode and principle, should be included in the protection model of this technical scheme
Within enclosing.
Claims (16)
1. the driving method of a switching tube, it is characterised in that: the opening process of described switching tube includes with the next stage:
First stage: the control end of main switch receives control signal, described control signal is become characterizing, from invalid, having of opening
During effect, the voltage of described main switch grid to source electrode begins to decline, and along with the decline of gate source voltage, described main switch starts
Progressively turning on, the electric current flowing through main switch also begins to rise, and reaches the restriction electric current set；
Second stage: make the electric current of described main switch be maintained at restriction electricity by controlling the gate source voltage of described main switch
Stream, the impedance between the drain-source pole of main switch reduces, the absolute value continuous decrease of drain-source voltage；
Phase III: the electric current of described main switch drops to running current from limiting electric current, the grid source of described switching tube
Voltage declines again and its absolute value reaches maximum, and now, described main switch is in fully on state.
The driving method of switching tube the most according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: detect the drain-source electricity of described main switch
Pressure, when the absolute value continuous decrease of described drain-source voltage is to Low threshold, then by the gate source voltage of quick pull-down main switch,
So that main switch is fully on.
The driving method of switching tube the most according to claim 1 and 2, it is characterised in that: the electric current of described main switch is protected
Holding limiting electric current is to be realized by following steps: flowed through the electric current of main switch by sampling, and the signal that sampling is obtained with
Preset current limliting reference and carry out Error processing, and according to Error processing result, make by regulating the gate source voltage of described main switch
Obtain the electric current of main switch equal to limiting electric current.
The driving method of switching tube the most according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: the electric current of described main switch is maintained at
Limiting electric current is to be realized by following steps: arrange other auxiliary switch, described auxiliary switch and the master switch controlled
Pipe composition current mirror, the electric current being flowed through auxiliary switch by restriction makes the electric current of described main switch be maintained at restriction electricity
Stream.
5. the drive circuit of a switching tube, it is characterised in that: include that current limliting module, described drive circuit receive and control letter
Number, in opening process, described control signal from invalid become characterizing open effective time, the electricity of main switch grid to source electrode
Pressure begins to decline, and current limliting module is started working, and along with the decline of gate source voltage, described main switch starts progressively to turn on, and flows through
The electric current of main switch also begins to rise, and is issued to the restriction electric current set in the regulation of current limliting module；
The electric current of described main switch is made to be maintained at restriction electric current, master switch by controlling the gate source voltage of described main switch
Impedance between the source-drain electrode of pipe reduces, the absolute value continuous decrease of drain-source voltage；
The electric current of described main switch drops to running current from limiting electric current, and the gate source voltage of described main switch is again
Declining and its absolute value reaches maximum, now, described main switch is in fully on state.
The drive circuit of switching tube the most according to claim 5, it is characterised in that: described drive circuit also includes logic
Control module, the described control signal described in Logic control module reception, described Logic control module is according to described control
Signal, when control signal is invalid, Logic control module controls current limliting module and does not works, and by the grid of described main switch
Voltage is pulled upward to its source voltage；When control signal is effective, Logic control module controls current limliting module and starts working.
7. according to the drive circuit of the switching tube described in claim 5 or 6, it is characterised in that: described current limliting module includes
One operational amplifier, the first input end of the first described operational amplifier receives current limliting reference signal, its second input termination
Receiving and characterize the sampled signal flowing through main switch electric current, its outfan is connected with the control end of main switch.
8. according to the drive circuit of the switching tube described in claim 5 or 6, it is characterised in that: described drive circuit also includes
Voltage comparator, described voltage comparator receives the drain-source voltage of main switch, is carried out by the Low threshold of its absolute value with setting
Relatively, when the absolute value of drain-source voltage is down to described Low threshold, then by quickly reducing the gate source voltage of main switch, so that main
Switching tube is fully on.
9. according to the drive circuit of the switching tube described in claim 5 or 6, it is characterised in that: described drive circuit also includes
Timing protection circuit, when the electric current of described main switch is maintained at restriction electric current, arranges threshold time by timing protection circuit,
Have not degraded when the absolute value of drain-source voltage exceedes threshold time, then control main switch and turn off, to protect main switch.
10. according to the drive circuit of the switching tube described in claim 5 or 6, it is characterised in that: described current limliting module includes auxiliary
Help switching tube and the first operational amplifier, described auxiliary switch and the main switch composition current mirror controlled, described
The first input end of the first operational amplifier receives reference signal, and its second input connects with the first end of described auxiliary switch
Connecing, its outfan is connected with the control end of main switch；First end of described auxiliary switch characterizes effectively in control signal
Time receive the first current source.
11. according to the drive circuit of the switching tube described in claim 5 or 6, it is characterised in that: described current limliting module includes auxiliary
Help switching tube and the first switching tube, described auxiliary switch and the main switch composition current mirror controlled, described first
First end of switching tube receives supply voltage, and its second end is connected with the control end of described main switch, the control of the first switching tube
End processed is connected with the first end of auxiliary switch；First end of described auxiliary switch receives when control signal characterizes effective
First current source.
The drive circuit of 12. switching tubes according to claim 11, it is characterised in that: the first described switching tube is p-type
Metal-oxide-semiconductor.
The drive circuit of 13. switching tubes according to claim 6, it is characterised in that: described current limliting module also includes auxiliary
Help switching tube, second switch pipe and the second operational amplifier, described auxiliary switch and the main switch composition electricity controlled
Stream mirror, the second end of described second switch pipe receives supply voltage, and its first end is connected with the control end of described main switch,
The outfan controlling end and the second operational amplifier of second switch pipe connects, the first input end of described second operational amplifier
Receiving reference signal, its second input is connected with the first end of described auxiliary switch；The first of described auxiliary switch
Hold and receive the first current source when control signal characterizes effective.
The drive circuit of 14. switching tubes according to claim 6, it is characterised in that: described current limliting module includes auxiliary
Switching tube, second switch pipe and the second operational amplifier, by regulating the electric current of auxiliary switch, regulate controlled master and open
Closing the electric current of pipe, the first input end of the second described operational amplifier receives the reference characterizing auxiliary switch current limitation value
Signal, its second input receives the control characterizing the sampled signal flowing through auxiliary switch tube current, its outfan and main switch
End processed connects；The outfan of the second operational amplifier is connected with the control end of second switch pipe, the of described second switch pipe
Two ends receive supply voltage, and its first end is connected with the control end of described main switch.
15. according to the drive circuit of the power switch pipe described in claim 13 or 14, it is characterised in that: described second switch
Pipe is N-type metal-oxide-semiconductor.
16. 1 kinds of power-supply systems, it is characterised in that: include power switch pipe described in above claim 5-15 any one
Drive circuit.
Priority Applications (2)
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| CN201610757563.4A CN106329916B (en) | 2016-08-29 | 2016-08-29 | The driving method and circuit and power-supply system of switching tube |
| US15/688,640 US10886913B2 (en) | 2016-08-29 | 2017-08-28 | Drive method and drive circuit for power switch, and power supply system |
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| CN201610757563.4A CN106329916B (en) | 2016-08-29 | 2016-08-29 | The driving method and circuit and power-supply system of switching tube |
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| CN113922677A (en) * | 2021-11-15 | 2022-01-11 | 阳光电源股份有限公司 | LLC resonant converter, method and power supply system |
| CN114825918A (en) * | 2022-04-21 | 2022-07-29 | 晶艺半导体有限公司 | COT control circuit, method and related integrated circuit |
| CN117320222A (en) * | 2023-11-28 | 2023-12-29 | 苏州贝克微电子股份有限公司 | Driving circuit for accelerating output current adjusting speed |
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| CN106329916B (en) | 2018-09-21 |
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Address after: Room 901-23, 9 / F, west 4 building, Xigang development center, 298 Zhenhua Road, Sandun Town, Xihu District, Hangzhou City, Zhejiang Province, 310030 Patentee after: Jiehuate Microelectronics Co.,Ltd. Address before: Room 424, building 1, 1500 Wenyi West Road, Cangqian street, Yuhang District, Hangzhou City, Zhejiang Province Patentee before: JOULWATT TECHNOLOGY (HANGZHOU) Co.,Ltd. |