CN106324607A - Space target ranging, imaging and communication integrated system - Google Patents

Abstract

An integrated system for space target ranging, imaging and communication belongs to the technical field of optical instruments, and includes an imaging tracking subsystem, a ranging subsystem, a rough tracking system, a fine tracking system, a communication system, and an antenna subsystem; mirror and a catadioptric hybrid Cassegrain optical system; the catadioptric hybrid Cassegrain optical system includes a primary mirror, a secondary mirror and a collimating lens group, and the primary mirror is coated with a reflective film; the secondary mirror is a curved optical Lens, after the rear surface of the lens is coated, 50% of the imaging beam in the 400nm-700nm band is transmitted, 50% is reflected, and all other bands are reflected; the rotating beam splitter and the catadioptric hybrid Cassegrain optical system have a common optical axis. The invention can realize three functions at the same time, ranging and imaging the space non-cooperative target and communicating with one's own target.

Description

Space target ranging imaging communication integrated system

technical field

The invention belongs to the technical field of optical instruments, and in particular relates to an integrated system for space object ranging, imaging and communication.

Background technique

In recent years, with the continuous improvement of application requirements, the demand for system integration and functional diversification has become increasingly urgent. The original single functions of laser communication, laser ranging, and imaging detection can no longer meet the needs of human development. Therefore, it is an inevitable trend to develop a multifunctional "three-in-one" technology that combines laser ranging, imaging, and communication. The X2000 project in the United States is the most typical example of the integration of laser communication and ranging. The X2000 flight terminal is a multifunctional instrument that not only can complete two-way communication, but also has functions such as two-way laser ranging, scientific imaging and laser altimeter. JPL Laboratories proposes a design for the Integrated Laser Communication and Space Imaging (ACLAIM) for small aircraft. The laser communication antenna and the space camera share a front telescope, using the detector array as ATP and imaging receiver. Xi'an 504 also uses asynchronous response to carry out laser ranging communication integration technology.

Therefore need a kind of novel technical scheme among the prior art to solve this problem.

Contents of the invention

The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide an integrated system for space target ranging, imaging and communication, which can realize three functions at the same time, and perform ranging imaging for space non-cooperative targets and communicate with own targets.

The integrated system of space target ranging, imaging and communication is characterized by: including imaging tracking subsystem, ranging subsystem, rough tracking system, fine tracking system, communication system and antenna subsystem;

The imaging tracking subsystem includes a beam splitter I, a half mirror I, a polarization spectrum imaging unit, a data fusion unit, a tracking unit, and a tracking turntable, and the beam splitter I is set at an angle of 45° counterclockwise to the horizontal direction; the The half-mirror I and the horizontal direction are rotated counterclockwise at an angle of 45°; the beam splitter I and the half-mirror I are parallel to each other and share the same optical axis; the receiving direction of the detector of the polarization spectrum imaging unit is the same as that of the detector of the tracking unit perpendicular to the direction;

The ranging subsystem includes a beam splitter II, a semi-reflective half mirror II, a ranging transmitting module, a ranging receiving module, and a ranging processing module, and the beam splitting II is set at an angle of 45° counterclockwise to the horizontal direction; the The semi-reflective half-mirror II and the horizontal direction are rotated 45° counterclockwise; the beam splitter II and the semi-reflective half-mirror II are parallel to each other and have a common optical axis; The receiving direction is perpendicular to;

The rough tracking system includes a beam splitter III, a half mirror III, a rough tracking transmitter module and a rough tracking receiver module, the beam splitter III is set at an angle of 45° clockwise to the horizontal direction; the half mirror III and The horizontal direction is rotated clockwise by 45°; the beam splitter III and the half mirror III are perpendicular to each other and have a common optical axis; the receiving direction of the detector of the rough tracking transmitting module is perpendicular to the receiving direction of the detector of the coarse tracking receiving module;

The fine tracking subsystem includes a galvanometer, a beam splitter IV, a beam splitter V, a fine tracking transmitting module, and a fine tracking receiving module, and the vibrating mirror is set at an angle of 45° clockwise to the horizontal direction;

The beam splitter IV is set at an angle of 45° clockwise to the horizontal direction; the vibrating mirror and the beam splitter IV are parallel to each other and have a common optical axis; the beam splitter V is set at a counterclockwise rotation of 45° to the horizontal direction;

The beam splitter V and the beam splitter IV are perpendicular to each other and have a common optical axis; the receiving direction of the detector of the fine tracking transmitting module and the receiving direction of the detector of the fine tracking receiving module are perpendicular to each other;

The communication subsystem includes a beam splitter VI, a communication transmitting module and a communication receiving module. The beam splitter VI is set at an angle of 45° clockwise to the horizontal direction, and the beam splitter VI and the beam splitter IV are parallel to each other and have a common optical axis; the communication transmitting The detector receiving direction of the module is perpendicular to the detector receiving direction of the communication receiving module;

The antenna subsystem includes a rotating beam splitter and a catadioptric hybrid Cassegrain optical system;

The catadioptric hybrid Cassegrain optical system includes a primary mirror, a secondary mirror and a collimating lens group, the primary mirror is coated with a reflective film; the secondary mirror is an optical lens with curvature, and after the rear surface of the lens is coated, the imaging beam The 400nm～700nm band is 50% transmitted, 50% reflected, and all other bands are fully reflected; the rotating beam splitter and the catadioptric hybrid Cassegrain optical system have a common optical axis.

The light splitter I is coated with a 400nm-700nm band total reflection film, and the half-mirror I is coated with a film with a transmittance and a reflectance of 50%.

The beam splitter II is coated with a fully reflective film with a wavelength of 1064nm, all light beams in other wavelength bands pass through the beam splitter II, and the half mirror II is coated with a film with a transmittance and reflectivity of 50%.

The spectroscopic plate III is coated with a reflective film for the 800nm-820nm wave band, all light beams of other wavelength bands pass through the spectroscopic plate III, and the half mirror III is coated with a film with a transmittance and reflectivity of 50%.

The beam splitter IV is coated with a film that fully reflects the 1545nm-1555nm band and fully transmits the 1555nm-1565nm band; the beam splitter V is coated with a film that fully transmits the 1545nm wavelength and fully reflects the 1555nm wavelength.

The beam splitter VI is coated with a film that fully transmits at 1565nm wavelength and fully reflects at 1575nm wavelength.

The 400nm-700nm wavelength band and 1064 wavelengths are coated with a transparent film on the rotating beam splitter, and the light beams of other wave bands are all reflected by the rotating beam splitter.

Through the above-mentioned design scheme, the present invention can bring the following beneficial effects: an integrated system for space object ranging, imaging and communication can realize three functions at the same time, and perform ranging imaging for space non-cooperative targets and communicate with own targets. At the same time, a single aperture can be used to simultaneously realize the functions of ranging imaging and communication.

Description of drawings

The present invention will be further described below in conjunction with accompanying drawing and specific embodiment:

Fig. 1 is a schematic block diagram of the structure of the integrated system of space object ranging, imaging and communication according to the present invention.

Fig. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of the imaging tracking subsystem of the space target ranging imaging and communication integrated system of the present invention.

Fig. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of the ranging subsystem of the space object ranging imaging communication integrated system of the present invention.

Fig. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of the rough tracking subsystem of the integrated system for space object ranging, imaging and communication according to the present invention.

Fig. 5 is a schematic structural diagram of the precise tracking subsystem of the integrated system for space object ranging, imaging and communication according to the present invention.

FIG. 6 is a schematic structural diagram of the communication subsystem of the integrated system for space object ranging, imaging and communication according to the present invention.

FIG. 7 is a schematic structural diagram of the antenna subsystem of the integrated system for space object ranging, imaging and communication according to the present invention.

In the figure 1-imaging tracking subsystem, 2-range measuring subsystem, 3-coarse tracking system, 4-fine tracking system, 5-communication system, 6-antenna subsystem, 101-splitter Ⅰ, 102-half-inverse Lens Ⅰ, 103-polarized spectrum imaging unit, 104-data fusion unit, 105-tracking unit, 106-tracking turntable, 201-beam splitter Ⅱ, 202-half mirror Ⅱ, 203-ranging transmitter module, 204-measuring Distance receiving module, 205-ranging processing module, 301-beam splitter III, 302-semi-reflective mirror III, 303-rough tracking transmitter module, 304-rough tracking receiver module, 401-galvanometer, 402-beam splitter IV, 403-Splitter Ⅴ, 404-Fine Tracking Transmitter Module, 405-Fine Tracking Receiver Module, 501-Splitter Ⅵ, 502-Communication Transmitter Module, 503-Communication Receiver Module, 601-Rotating Beamsplitter, 602-Reflective Hybrid Card Segrain optical system, 603-primary mirror, 604-secondary mirror, 605-collimating lens group.

detailed description

The space object ranging imaging communication integrated system, as shown in Figure 1, the system consists of imaging tracking subsystem 1, ranging subsystem 2, rough tracking system 3, fine tracking system 4, communication system 5 and antenna subsystem 6 ,

In addition, the imaging tracking subsystem 1 , the ranging subsystem 2 , the rough tracking subsystem 3 , the fine tracking subsystem 4 , and the communication subsystem 5 share an antenna subsystem 6 .

As shown in Figure 2, the imaging tracking subsystem 1 is composed of a beam splitter I101, a half mirror I102, a polarization spectrum imaging unit 103, a data fusion unit 104, a tracking unit 105 and a tracking turntable 106, wherein, The beam splitter Ⅰ101 is coated, the 400nm~700nm band is fully reflected, and the other bands are all transmitted, and the semi-reflective mirror Ⅰ102 is coated.

The transmittance and reflectance are both 50%. Both the beam splitter I101 and the half mirror I102 are placed at an angle of 45° to the horizontal counterclockwise rotation, and the beam splitter I101 and the half mirror I102 are parallel to each other and have a common optical axis; the polarization spectrum imaging unit 103 and the detector of the tracking unit 105 receive directions perpendicular to each other.

As shown in FIG. 3 , the ranging subsystem 2 is composed of a beam splitter II 201 , a half mirror II 202 , a ranging transmitting module 203 , a ranging receiving module 204 and a ranging processing module 205 . Among them, the coating on the beam splitter II201 reflects all the wavelengths of 1064nm and transmits all other wavelengths, and the coating on the half mirror II202,

The transmittance and reflectance are both 50%. Both the beam splitter II 201 and the half mirror II 202 are placed at an angle of 45° counterclockwise to the horizontal, and the beam splitter II 201 and the half mirror II 202 are parallel to each other and have a common optical axis. The detector receiving directions of the ranging transmitting module 203 and the ranging receiving module 204 are perpendicular to each other.

As shown in Figure 4,

The rough tracking subsystem 3 is composed of a beam splitter III 301 , a half mirror III 302 , a rough tracking transmitting module 303 and a rough tracking receiving module 304 . Among them, the coating on the beam splitter III301 reflects all the bands from 800nm to 820nm and transmits all the other bands, and the coating on the half mirror III302 has a transmittance and reflectance of 50%. The beam splitter III301 is placed at an angle of 45° clockwise to the horizontal, and the half mirror III302 is placed at an angle of 45° counterclockwise to the horizontal, and the beam splitter III301 and the half mirror III302 are perpendicular to each other and have a common optical axis. The detector receiving directions of the rough tracking transmitting module 303 and the rough tracking receiving module 304 are perpendicular to each other.

As shown in FIG. 5 , the fine tracking subsystem 4 is composed of a vibrating mirror 401 , a beam splitter IV 402 , a beam splitter V 403 , a fine tracking transmitter module 404 and a fine tracking receiver module 405 . Among them, the coating on the beam splitter Ⅳ 402 reflects all the wavelength bands from 1545nm to 1555nm, and transmits all the wavelength bands from 1555nm to 1565nm. The vibrating mirror 401 is placed at an angle of 45° clockwise to the horizontal, and the beam splitter IV 402 is placed at an angle of 45° to the horizontal clockwise rotation. The vibrating mirror 401 and the beam splitter IV 402 are parallel to each other and have a common optical axis. The beam splitter V403 is rotated counterclockwise and tilted at 45° from the horizontal, and the beam splitter V403 and the beam splitter IV402 are perpendicular to each other and have a common optical axis. The receiving directions of the detectors of the fine tracking transmitting module 404 and the fine tracking receiving module 405 are perpendicular to each other.

As shown in FIG. 6 , the communication subsystem 5 is composed of an optical splitter VI 501 , a communication transmitting module 502 and a communication receiving module 503 . Among them, the coating on the beam splitter Ⅵ501, the wavelength of 1565nm is completely transmitted, and the wavelength of 1575nm is completely reflected. The beam splitter VI501 is rotated clockwise and tilted 45° from the horizontal, and the beam splitter VI501 and the beam splitter IV402 are parallel to each other and have a common optical axis. The detector receiving directions of the communication transmitting module 502 and the communication receiving module 503 are perpendicular to each other.

The antenna subsystem 6 is composed of a rotating beam splitter 601 and a catadioptric hybrid Cassegrain optical system 602 .

Wherein, the rotating beam splitter 601 is coated with a film, and the 400nm-700nm wavelength band and the 1064nm wavelength are all transmitted, and the other wavelength bands are all reflected. The catadioptric hybrid Cassegrain optical system 602 includes a primary mirror 603 of the Cassegrain optical system, a secondary mirror 604 of the Cassegrain optical system and a collimating lens group 605, as shown in FIG. 7 . Among them, the primary mirror 603 of the Cassegrain optical system is coated with a reflective film, and the secondary mirror 604 of the Cassegrain optical system is an optical lens with curvature, and the rear surface is coated with a film, which transmits 50% and reflects 50% in the 400nm-700nm band. All other bands are reflected. The rotating beam splitter 601 and a catadioptric hybrid Cassegrain optical system 602 share the optical axis with the beam splitter I101, the beam splitter II201, the beam splitter III301, and the vibrating mirror 401.

The catadioptric hybrid Cassegrain optical system 602 can realize two working modes at the same time, one is a Cassegrain reflective optical system, and the other is a transmissive optical system.

The 400nm-700nm light of the imaging beam reflected from the space target is transmitted through the rotating beam splitter 601, 50% of the light is passed through the Cassegrain reflective optical system, reflected by the beam splitter I101, and then transmitted through the half mirror I102 to achieve polarization The spectral imaging unit 103 performs spectral polarization imaging, and its information is fused by the data fusion unit 104, and then sent out in the form of communication light through the communication subsystem 5 to communicate with its own side; 50% of the light passes through the transmission optical system and is reflected by the spectrometer I 101 , and then reflected by the half-mirror I102, it reaches the tracking unit 105 for tracking, and the tracking information obtained is used to control the tracking turntable 106, so as to achieve the function of tracking the target.

The 1064nm light of the distance measuring beam is emitted from the distance measuring emission module 203, transmitted through the half mirror II 202, reflected by the beam splitter II 201, transmitted through the beam splitter I101 and III 301, reflected and rotated by the Cassegrain reflective optical system The spectroscopic mirror 601 sends out after transmission, and returns after encountering a space object. The returned 1064nm ranging light is transmitted through the rotating beam splitter 601, through the Cassegrain reflective optical system, transmitted through the beam splitter I101 and the beam splitter III301, reflected by the beam splitter II201, and then reflected by the half mirror II202 to reach the distance measuring receiver The module 204 is processed by the ranging processing module 205 to obtain the distance information, and the obtained information is sent out in the form of communication light through the communication subsystem 5 to communicate with the own side.

The 820nm light of the coarse tracking beam is emitted from the coarse tracking emission module 303, reflected by the half mirror III 302 and the beam splitter III 301, transmitted through the beam splitter I 101, reflected by the Cassegrain reflective optical system and the rotating beam splitter 601, and then emitted. It is received by the rough tracking receiving module of one's own side. The 800nm rough tracking beam emitted by our own rough tracking transmitter module is reflected by the rotating beam splitter 601, enters the Cassegrain reflective optical system, and then is transmitted through the beam splitter I101, reflected by the beam splitter III301 and reflected by the half-mirror III302 After reaching the rough tracking receiving module 304, the obtained tracking information is used to control the rotating beam splitter 601, so as to achieve the purpose of rough tracking.

The fine tracking beam 1545nm light is emitted from the fine tracking emission module 404, transmitted through the beam splitter V403, reflected by the beam splitter IV402 and the vibrating mirror 401, transmitted through the beam splitter III301, the beam splitter II201, and the beam splitter I101 in turn, and passed through the Cassegrain reflection After being reflected by the optical system and the rotating beam splitter 601, it is sent out and received by the fine tracking receiving module of our own side. The tracked beam 1555nm light emitted by our fine tracking transmitter module is reflected by the rotating beam splitter 601, enters the Cassegrain reflective optical system, and then transmits through the beam splitter I101, beam splitter II201, and beam splitter III301 in sequence, and then passes through the vibrating beam in turn. Mirror 401 , beam splitter IV 402 and beam splitter V 403 are reflected and then reach the fine tracking receiving module 405 , and the obtained tracking information is used to control the vibrating mirror 401 so as to achieve the purpose of fine tracking.

After modulation, the 1575nm communication beam carrying imaging and ranging information is emitted from the communication transmitting module 502, reflected by the beam splitter 501, transmitted by the beam splitter IV402, reflected by the vibrating mirror 401, and then passes through the beam splitter III301 and the beam splitter II201 in sequence 1. The beam splitter I 101 is transmitted, reflected by the Cassegrain reflective optical system and the rotating beam splitter 601, and then sent out by the own communication receiving module. The fine tracking beam 1565nm light is emitted by the own communication transmitter module, reflected by the rotating beam splitter 601, enters the Cassegrain reflective optical system, and then passes through the beam splitter I101, beam splitter II201, beam splitter III301, and then reflects through the vibrating mirror 401 , after the light splitter IV 402 and the light splitter VI 501 are transmitted, they reach the communication receiving module 503, and the communication information is obtained by demodulating the communication light.

Claims (7)

1. extraterrestrial target range finding imaging communication integral system, is characterized in that: include that imaging tracking subsystem (1), range finding point are System (2), rough tracking system (3), essence tracking system (4) communication system (5) and antenna subsystem (6)；

Described imaging tracking subsystem (1) includes light splitting piece I (101), half-reflecting half mirror I (102), polarization spectrum imaging unit (103), data fusion unit (104), tracking cell (105) and tracking table (106), described light splitting piece I (101) and level Direction rotates 45° angle counterclockwise and arranges；Described half-reflecting half mirror I (102) and horizontal direction rotate 45° angle counterclockwise and arrange；Point Mating plate I (101) and half-reflecting half mirror I (102) are parallel to each other and common optical axis；The detection of described polarization spectrum imaging unit (103) It is perpendicular with the detector of tracking cell (105) reception direction that device receives direction；

Described range finding subsystem (2) includes light splitting piece II (201), half-reflecting half mirror II (202), range finding transmitter module (203), surveys Away from receiver module (204) and range finding processing module (205), described light splitting piece II (201) rotates 45 ° counterclockwise with horizontal direction Angle is arranged；Described half-reflecting half mirror II (202) rotates 45 ° of settings counterclockwise with horizontal direction；Light splitting piece II (201) and half anti-half Lens II (202) are parallel to each other and common optical axis；The detector of described range finding transmitter module (203) receives direction and receives mould with range finding It is perpendicular that the detector of block (204) receives direction；

Described rough tracking system (3) includes light splitting piece III (301), half-reflecting half mirror III (302), rough tracking transmitter module (303) And rough tracking receiver module (304), described light splitting piece III (301) and the horizontal direction 45° angle that turns clockwise is arranged；Described half Anti-pellicle mirror III (302) turns clockwise 45 ° with horizontal direction and arranges；Light splitting piece III (301) and half-reflecting half mirror III (302) phase Mutually vertical and common optical axis；The detector of described rough tracking transmitter module (303) receives direction and rough tracking receiver module (304) It is perpendicular that detector receives direction；

Described essence tracking subsystem (4) includes that galvanometer (401), light splitting piece IV (402), light splitting piece V (403), essence are followed the tracks of and launches mould Block (404) and essence follow the tracks of receiver module (405), and described galvanometer (401) and the horizontal direction 45° angle that turns clockwise is arranged；Institute State light splitting piece IV (402) and the horizontal direction 45° angle that turns clockwise to arrange；Galvanometer (401) is parallel to each other with light splitting piece IV (402) And common optical axis；Described light splitting piece V (403) rotates 45 ° of settings counterclockwise with horizontal direction；Light splitting piece V (403) and light splitting piece IV (402) it is mutually perpendicular to and common optical axis；Described essence is followed the tracks of the detector reception direction of transmitter module (404) and is followed the tracks of receiver module with essence (405) detector receives direction and is mutually perpendicular to；

Described communication subsystem (5) includes light splitting piece VI (501), communication transmitter module (502) and communication receipt module (503), described light splitting piece VI (501) and the horizontal direction 45° angle that turns clockwise is arranged, light splitting piece VI (501) and light splitting piece IV (402) it is parallel to each other and common optical axis；The detector of communication transmitter module (502) receives direction and communication receipt module (503) Detector receives direction and is mutually perpendicular to；

Described antenna subsystem (6) includes rotating spectroscope (601) and catadioptric mixing Cassegrain optical system (602)；

Described catadioptric mixing Cassegrain optical system (602) includes primary mirror (603), secondary mirror (604) and collimation lens set (605), described primary mirror (603) plating reflectance coating；Described secondary mirror (604) is the optical lens having curvature, the rear surface plated film of lens After, imaging beam 400nm～700nm wave band 50% pass through, and 50% reflection, its all band all reflects；Rotate spectroscope (601) Cassegrain optical system (602) common optical axis is mixed with catadioptric.

Extraterrestrial target the most according to claim 1 range finding imaging communication integral system, is characterized in that: described light splitting piece I (101) upper plating 400nm～700nm wave band total reflection film, half-reflecting half mirror I (102) is coated with transmitance and reflectance is The film of 50%.

Extraterrestrial target the most according to claim 1 range finding imaging communication integral system, is characterized in that: described light splitting piece II (201) the upper plating whole reflectance coating of 1064nm wavelength, other wave band light beams are all through light splitting piece II (201), half-reflecting half mirror II (202) be coated with transmitance and reflectance be 50% film.

Extraterrestrial target the most according to claim 1 range finding imaging communication integral system, is characterized in that: described light splitting piece III (301) the upper plating whole reflectance coating of 800nm～820nm wave band, other wave band light beams are all through light splitting piece III (301), and half the most partly Lens III (302) are coated with transmitance and reflectance be 50% film.

Extraterrestrial target the most according to claim 1 range finding imaging communication integral system, is characterized in that: described light splitting piece IV (402) upper plating 1545nm～1555nm wave band all reflect, the whole transmission film of 1555nm～1565nm wave band；Light splitting piece V (403) upper the plating whole transmission of 1545nm wavelength, the whole reflectance coating of 1555nm wavelength.

Extraterrestrial target the most according to claim 1 range finding imaging communication integral system, is characterized in that: described light splitting piece VI (501) upper the plating whole transmission of 1565nm wavelength, the whole reflectance coating of 1575nm wavelength.

Extraterrestrial target the most according to claim 1 range finding imaging communication integral system, is characterized in that: described rotation light splitting Mirror (601) upper plating 400nm～700nm wave band and the whole transmission film of 1064 wavelength, the rotated spectroscope of other wave band light beams (601) All reflections.