CN106323720A - Soft soil microstructure sample preparation device - Google Patents
Soft soil microstructure sample preparation device Download PDFInfo
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- CN106323720A CN106323720A CN201611032467.XA CN201611032467A CN106323720A CN 106323720 A CN106323720 A CN 106323720A CN 201611032467 A CN201611032467 A CN 201611032467A CN 106323720 A CN106323720 A CN 106323720A
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- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 59
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 12
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 52
- 238000005070 sampling Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 50
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 32
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 26
- 230000002572 peristaltic effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 238000009413 insulation Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- 238000003825 pressing Methods 0.000 claims description 21
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- 239000003566 sealing material Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000002845 discoloration Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- -1 polytetrafluoroethylene Polymers 0.000 claims description 3
- 229920001343 polytetrafluoroethylene Polymers 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000004810 polytetrafluoroethylene Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000011148 porous material Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000011540 sensing material Substances 0.000 description 3
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007812 deficiency Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000018044 dehydration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006297 dehydration reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000004744 fabric Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000010419 fine particle Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000035699 permeability Effects 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N1/00—Sampling; Preparing specimens for investigation
- G01N1/28—Preparing specimens for investigation including physical details of (bio-)chemical methods covered elsewhere, e.g. G01N33/50, C12Q
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Abstract
本发明公开了一种软土微观结构制样器，是由取样装置、液氮保温罐和蠕动泵组成，取样装置和蠕动泵分别通过软管与液氮保温罐相连通，工作时，通过闭合和打开锁死机构，将取样装置插入土中，微观结构取样仓装置达到指定位置，然后打开蠕动泵阀门，通过压力将液氮保温罐中液氮压入液氮腔，密闭温感腔中热敏变色挥发液体因为土体温度的变化而变化，而后通过观察上部腔外壁感温材料显示出腔体外壁的颜色变化，通过微观结构取样仓装置取出土样，取样结束；本发明避免了人工切样的操作，提高了取样的效率和精确度，有效节约成本，提高实验效率，不破坏土样，通过确定切取土样的位置，对土体不同方位处的微观结构进行观察。
The invention discloses a sample preparation device for soft soil microstructure, which is composed of a sampling device, a liquid nitrogen insulation tank and a peristaltic pump. And open the locking mechanism, insert the sampling device into the soil, the microstructure sampling chamber device reaches the designated position, then open the valve of the peristaltic pump, press the liquid nitrogen in the liquid nitrogen insulation tank into the liquid nitrogen chamber through pressure, and seal the temperature sensing chamber The heat-sensitive color-changing volatile liquid changes due to the change of soil temperature, and then the color change of the outer wall of the cavity is shown by observing the temperature-sensitive material on the outer wall of the upper cavity, and the soil sample is taken out through the microstructure sampling chamber device, and the sampling is completed; the invention avoids artificial The operation of cutting samples improves the efficiency and accuracy of sampling, effectively saves costs, improves experimental efficiency, and does not destroy soil samples. By determining the position of cutting soil samples, the microstructure at different orientations of the soil can be observed.
Description
技术领域technical field
本发明涉及土体微观结构研究技术领域，特别涉及一种软土微观结构制样器。The invention relates to the technical field of soil microstructure research, in particular to a soft soil microstructure sample preparation device.
背景技术Background technique
土体是一种结构性体，土体的微观结构对其强度等宏观力学性质有着密不可分的联系，同时，微观结构与土体工程特性有直接的制约关系，可以通过土的结构变化规律来了解土的工程性质，从微观研究土体变形的角度来解析工程宏观问题。土的微观结构是十分复杂的，在获得的大量信息数据中，土微观结构的方向性信息也是十分重要的，土组构的各项异性能直接导致土体渗透性的各向异性，因此，如何保证减少对土体原状形貌的扰动，有效快速的制备有一定方向性的土体微观结构试样，在土体微观结构研究中有着重要意义。Soil is a structural body. The microstructure of soil is inseparable from its macroscopic mechanical properties such as strength. At the same time, the microstructure has a direct constraint relationship with soil engineering characteristics, which can be determined through the soil structure change law Understand the engineering properties of soil, and analyze engineering macro issues from the perspective of microscopic research on soil deformation. The microstructure of soil is very complex. In the large amount of information obtained, the directional information of soil microstructure is also very important. The anisotropy of soil fabric can directly lead to the anisotropy of soil permeability. Therefore, How to ensure that the disturbance to the original shape of the soil is reduced, and how to effectively and quickly prepare soil microstructure samples with a certain direction is of great significance in the study of soil microstructure.
目前，国内土体微观结构的样品制备工作得到实质性改进，成功研制真空冷冻干燥仪，可以将土中孔隙水迅速冻结，形成无体积膨胀的非结晶质的冰，降低失水收缩对土体微观结构的破坏。但是，现有技术的制样器在微观结构取样过程中，软土制样切样时，与实际存在着很大误差，有些软土细颗粒较多，含水率较高，人为掰开试样或者切取试样不易制作出规定大小和定向性好的原状土微观结构试样。At present, the sample preparation of domestic soil microstructure has been substantially improved, and the vacuum freeze dryer has been successfully developed, which can quickly freeze the pore water in the soil to form non-crystalline ice without volume expansion, and reduce the impact of dehydration shrinkage on the soil. damage to the microstructure. However, in the microstructure sampling process of the prior art sampler, there is a large error between the sample preparation and cutting of soft soil samples. Some soft soils have more fine particles and higher moisture content, and the samples are artificially broken. Or it is not easy to cut the sample to make the undisturbed soil microstructure sample with the specified size and good orientation.
发明内容Contents of the invention
本发明的目的是在于解决上述现有技术的不足之处，而提供一种软土微观结构制样器，通过本制样器制作滑带土，吹填土等软土的微观样品，既能不破坏原状土体的结构性，又能在保证快速地切取出软土微观结构试样。The purpose of the present invention is to solve the deficiencies of the above-mentioned prior art, and a kind of soft soil microstructure sample preparation device is provided, and the microscopic samples of soft soils such as slide belt soil and dredging fill soil can be made by this sample preparation device, both can Without destroying the structure of the undisturbed soil, it can quickly cut out the soft soil microstructure sample.
本发明是由取样装置、液氮保温罐和蠕动泵组成，取样装置和蠕动泵分别通过软管与液氮保温罐相连通，所述软管上具有金属接头；The invention is composed of a sampling device, a liquid nitrogen insulation tank and a peristaltic pump. The sampling device and the peristaltic pump are respectively connected to the liquid nitrogen insulation tank through a hose, and the hose has a metal joint;
所述取样装置下端具有液氮腔和密闭温感腔，上端具有套管和自由定位旋转装置，自由定位旋转装置设置在套管上，密闭温感腔设置在套管下端，并包裹套管下部，液氮腔设置在密闭温感腔外壁外；The lower end of the sampling device has a liquid nitrogen chamber and a sealed temperature-sensing chamber, and the upper end has a casing and a free positioning rotating device. The free positioning rotating device is arranged on the casing, and the sealed temperature-sensing chamber is arranged at the lower end of the casing and wraps the lower part of the casing. , the liquid nitrogen chamber is set outside the outer wall of the airtight temperature sensing chamber;
所述液氮腔腔内均涂有密封材料，在腔的外壁上具有金属接口，金属接头与金属接口相配合；The inside of the liquid nitrogen chamber is coated with a sealing material, and there is a metal interface on the outer wall of the chamber, and the metal joint matches the metal interface;
所述密封材料为聚四氟乙烯；The sealing material is polytetrafluoroethylene;
所述密闭温感腔腔体内填充热敏变色挥发液体，腔体外壁和顶面涂有感温材料；The airtight temperature-sensing cavity is filled with a heat-sensitive discoloration volatile liquid, and the outer wall and top surface of the cavity are coated with a temperature-sensing material;
所述套管内部管壁光滑，套管在密闭温感腔的上部具有第一刻度线，以mm为单位的刻度；The inner tube wall of the casing is smooth, and the casing has a first scale line on the upper part of the airtight temperature sensing cavity, and the scale is in mm;
所述自由定位旋转装置包括自由定位旋转平面控制盘、自由定位旋转轴、微观结构取样仓装置、自由定位旋转轴套、锁死机构和按压手柄，自由定位旋转轴设置在自由定位旋转轴套内，自由定位旋转平面控制盘设置在按压手柄上，自由定位旋转轴套固定设置在按压手柄下端，自由定位旋转轴套设置在套管内，微观结构取样仓装置固定设置在自由定位旋转轴内，自由定位旋转轴固定设置在自由定位旋转平面控制盘下端，锁死机构固定设置在自由定位旋转轴套与套管连接处，所述自由定位旋转轴套上具有第二刻度线，以mm为单位的刻度；The free positioning rotation device includes a free positioning rotation plane control panel, a free positioning rotation shaft, a microstructure sampling chamber device, a free positioning rotation sleeve, a locking mechanism and a pressing handle, and the free positioning rotation shaft is arranged in the free positioning rotation sleeve , the free positioning rotating plane control panel is set on the pressing handle, the free positioning rotating sleeve is fixedly set at the lower end of the pressing handle, the free positioning rotating sleeve is set in the casing, the microstructure sampling chamber device is fixed set in the free positioning rotating shaft, free The positioning rotation shaft is fixedly arranged at the lower end of the free positioning rotation plane control panel, and the locking mechanism is fixedly arranged at the connection between the free positioning rotation sleeve and the casing. The free positioning rotation sleeve has a second scale line, and the unit is mm scale;
所述自由定位旋转平面控制盘分为内盘和外盘，内盘上具有手把，外盘外圈具有标刻线，内盘中心处具有指针，内盘和外盘相配合，自由定位旋转轴固定设置在内盘下端，外盘固定设置在按压手柄上；The free positioning rotating plane control panel is divided into an inner panel and an outer panel. The inner panel has a handle, the outer ring of the outer panel has a marking line, and the center of the inner panel has a pointer. The outer disk is fixed on the pressing handle;
所述微观结构取样仓装置包括压杆、连杆组件和取样仓，压杆设置在自由定位旋转轴内，连杆组件设置在压杆下端，取样仓固定设置在连杆组件一端，所述取样仓为开口型长方体，外部为刃口状。The microstructure sampling chamber device includes a pressing rod, a connecting rod assembly and a sampling chamber, the pressing rod is arranged in a freely locating rotating shaft, the connecting rod assembly is arranged at the lower end of the pressing rod, and the sampling chamber is fixedly arranged at one end of the connecting rod assembly. The warehouse is an open cuboid, and the outside is edge-shaped.
本发明的工作原理和过程：Working principle and process of the present invention:
工作时，闭合锁死机构，将取样装置插入土中，并到达第一刻度线所需数值处，然后进行微观土样的选取定位，打开锁死机构，通过手把转动内盘，使指针转动所需数值位置，自由定位旋转轴转动，微观结构取样仓装置转到指定方位，下压按压手柄，自由定位旋转轴套压到所需数值处后，闭合锁死机构，然后打开蠕动泵阀门，通过压力将液氮保温罐中液氮压入液氮腔，密闭温感腔中热敏变色挥发液体因为土体温度的变化而变化，而后通过观察上部腔外壁感温材料显示出腔体外壁的颜色变化，十分钟之后取样，目的是为了让土中孔隙水快速冻结，形成无体积膨胀的非结晶态的冰，密闭温感腔由透明状态变成黑色状态，颜色稳定后证明土体冷却，不易发生形状变化，下压压杆，通过连杆组件，取样仓水平方向压出，样土从开口处进入取样仓内，拉回压杆，取样仓缩回，随后关闭蠕动泵，取出微观结构取样仓装置，取出土样，取样结束。When working, close the locking mechanism, insert the sampling device into the soil, and reach the required value on the first scale line, then select and locate the microscopic soil sample, open the locking mechanism, and turn the inner disk by the handle to make the pointer rotate The position of the desired value, free positioning of the rotating shaft, rotation of the microstructure sampling chamber device to the specified position, pressing the handle down, the free positioning of the rotating shaft sleeve pressed to the desired value, closing the locking mechanism, and then opening the valve of the peristaltic pump , the liquid nitrogen in the liquid nitrogen insulation tank is pressed into the liquid nitrogen chamber through pressure, and the heat-sensitive discoloration volatile liquid in the airtight temperature-sensing chamber changes due to the change of soil temperature, and then the outer wall of the chamber is displayed by observing the temperature-sensing material on the outer wall of the upper chamber The color change, sampling after ten minutes, the purpose is to let the pore water in the soil freeze quickly, forming non-crystalline ice with no volume expansion, and the airtight temperature sensing cavity changes from transparent state to black state. After the color is stable, it proves that the soil body has cooled. , it is not easy to change the shape, press down the pressure rod, through the connecting rod assembly, the sampling chamber is pressed out horizontally, the sample soil enters the sampling chamber from the opening, pull back the pressure rod, the sampling chamber retracts, then turn off the peristaltic pump, take out the microscopic Structure the sampling bin device, take out the soil sample, and the sampling is finished.
本发明的有益效果：Beneficial effects of the present invention:
1、避免了人工切样的操作，提高了取样的效率和精确度，有效节约成本，提高实验效率，不破坏土样；1. It avoids the operation of manual sample cutting, improves the efficiency and accuracy of sampling, effectively saves costs, improves experimental efficiency, and does not damage soil samples;
2、通过自由定位旋转装置来确定切取土样的位置，利于对土体不同方位处的微观结构进行观察，更好地进行实验研究；2. Determine the position of cutting soil samples by freely positioning the rotating device, which is conducive to the observation of the microstructure of the soil in different directions, and better experimental research;
3、本取样装置通过蠕动泵带动液氮，使土样快速冻结，实现了仪器内在土样冻结的情况下直接切取样品。3. The sampling device drives the liquid nitrogen through the peristaltic pump to quickly freeze the soil sample, realizing the direct cutting of the sample when the soil sample is frozen inside the instrument.
附图说明Description of drawings
图1是本发明的结构示意图。Fig. 1 is a structural schematic diagram of the present invention.
图2是本发明自由定位旋转平面控制盘的局部结构示意图。Fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of a partial structure of a free positioning rotating plane control panel of the present invention.
具体实施方式detailed description
请参阅图1和图2所示，本发明是由取样装置1、液氮保温罐2和蠕动泵3组成，取样装置1和蠕动泵3分别通过软管4与液氮保温罐2相连通，所述软管4上具有金属接头41；Please refer to Fig. 1 and shown in Fig. 2, the present invention is made up of sampling device 1, liquid nitrogen insulation tank 2 and peristaltic pump 3, sampling device 1 and peristaltic pump 3 are connected with liquid nitrogen insulation tank 2 through hose 4 respectively, The hose 4 has a metal joint 41;
所述取样装置1下端具有液氮腔11和密闭温感腔12，上端具有套管13和自由定位旋转装置14，自由定位旋转装置14设置在套管13上，密闭温感腔12设置在套管13下端，并包裹套管13下部，液氮腔11设置在密闭温感腔12外壁外；The lower end of the sampling device 1 has a liquid nitrogen chamber 11 and a sealed temperature sensing chamber 12, and the upper end has a casing 13 and a free positioning rotating device 14. The free positioning rotating device 14 is arranged on the casing 13, and the sealed temperature sensing chamber 12 is arranged on the sleeve. The lower end of the tube 13 wraps the lower part of the casing 13, and the liquid nitrogen chamber 11 is arranged outside the outer wall of the airtight temperature sensing chamber 12;
所述液氮腔11腔内均涂有密封材料，在腔的外壁上具有金属接口111，金属接头41与金属接口111相配合；The liquid nitrogen chamber 11 is coated with a sealing material, and has a metal interface 111 on the outer wall of the chamber, and the metal joint 41 is matched with the metal interface 111;
所述密封材料为聚四氟乙烯；The sealing material is polytetrafluoroethylene;
所述密闭温感腔12腔体内填充热敏变色挥发液体，腔体外壁和顶面涂有感温材料；The airtight temperature-sensing cavity 12 is filled with a heat-sensitive discoloration volatile liquid, and the outer wall and top surface of the cavity are coated with a temperature-sensing material;
所述套管13内部管壁光滑，套管13在密闭温感腔的上部具有第一刻度线131；The inner tube wall of the sleeve 13 is smooth, and the sleeve 13 has a first scale line 131 on the upper part of the airtight temperature sensing chamber;
所述自由定位旋转装置14包括自由定位旋转平面控制盘141、自由定位旋转轴142、微观结构取样仓装置143、自由定位旋转轴套144、锁死机构145和按压手柄146，自由定位旋转轴142设置在自由定位旋转轴套144内，自由定位旋转平面控制盘141设置在按压手柄146上，自由定位旋转轴套144固定设置在按压手柄146下端，自由定位旋转轴套144设置在套管13内，微观结构取样仓装置143固定设置在自由定位旋转轴142内，自由定位旋转轴142固定设置在自由定位旋转平面控制盘14下端，锁死机构145固定设置在自由定位旋转轴套144与套管13连接处，所述自由定位旋转轴套144上具有第二刻度线1441；The free positioning rotating device 14 includes a free positioning rotating plane control panel 141, a free positioning rotating shaft 142, a microstructure sampling chamber device 143, a free positioning rotating shaft sleeve 144, a locking mechanism 145 and a pressing handle 146. The free positioning rotating shaft 142 Set in the freely positioning rotating sleeve 144, the free positioning rotating plane control panel 141 is set on the pressing handle 146, the freely positioning rotating sleeve 144 is fixedly arranged at the lower end of the pressing handle 146, and the freely positioning rotating sleeve 144 is arranged in the casing 13 , the microstructure sampling chamber device 143 is fixedly arranged in the free positioning rotating shaft 142, the free positioning rotating shaft 142 is fixedly arranged in the lower end of the free positioning rotating plane control panel 14, and the locking mechanism 145 is fixedly arranged in the free positioning rotating shaft sleeve 144 and the casing 13 at the joint, the free positioning rotating bushing 144 has a second scale line 1441;
所述自由定位旋转平面控制盘141分为内盘1411和外盘1412，内盘1411上具有手把1413，外盘1412外圈具有标刻线，内盘1411中心处具有指针1414，内盘1411和外盘1412相配合，自由定位旋转轴142固定设置在内盘1411下端，外盘1412固定设置在按压手柄146上；The free positioning rotating plane control disk 141 is divided into an inner disk 1411 and an outer disk 1412, the inner disk 1411 has a handle 1413, the outer ring of the outer disk 1412 has a marking line, the center of the inner disk 1411 has a pointer 1414, and the inner disk 1411 and the outer disk 1412 are matched. The free positioning rotating shaft 142 is fixedly arranged on the lower end of the inner disk 1411, and the outer disk 1412 is fixedly arranged on the pressing handle 146;
所述微观结构取样仓装置143包括压杆1431、连杆组件1432和取样仓1433，压杆1431设置在自由定位旋转轴142内，连杆组件1432设置在压杆1431下端，取样仓1433固定设置在连杆组件1432一端，所述取样仓1433为开口型长方体，外部为刃口状。The microstructure sampling chamber device 143 includes a pressing rod 1431, a connecting rod assembly 1432 and a sampling chamber 1433, the pressing rod 1431 is arranged in the freely locating rotating shaft 142, the connecting rod assembly 1432 is arranged at the lower end of the pressing rod 1431, and the sampling chamber 1433 is fixedly arranged At one end of the connecting rod assembly 1432, the sampling chamber 1433 is an open cuboid with a knife-edge shape on the outside.
本发明的工作原理和过程：Working principle and process of the present invention:
请参阅图1和图2所示，工作时，闭合锁死机构145，将取样装置1插入土中，并到达第一刻度线131所需数值处，然后进行微观土样的选取定位，打开锁死机构145，通过手把1413转动内盘1411，使指针1414转动所需数值位置，自由定位旋转轴142转动，微观结构取样仓装置143转到指定方位，下压按压手柄146，自由定位旋转轴套144压到所需数值处后，闭合锁死机构145，然后打开蠕动泵3阀门，通过压力将液氮保温罐2中液氮压入液氮腔11，密闭温感腔12中热敏变色挥发液体因为土体温度的变化而变化，而后通过观察上部腔外壁感温材料显示出腔体外壁的颜色变化，10分钟之后取样，目的是为了让土中孔隙水快速冻结，形成无体积膨胀的非结晶态的冰，密闭温感腔由透明状态变成黑色状态，颜色稳定后证明土体冷却，不易发生形状变化，下压压杆1431，通过连杆组件1432，取样仓1433水平方向压出，样土从开口处进入取样仓1433内，拉回压杆1431，取样仓1433缩回，随后关闭蠕动泵3，取出微观结构取样仓装置143，取出土样，取样结束。Please refer to Fig. 1 and Fig. 2, when working, close the locking mechanism 145, insert the sampling device 1 into the soil, and reach the required value of the first scale line 131, then select and locate the microscopic soil sample, open The locking mechanism 145 rotates the inner disc 1411 through the handle 1413, so that the pointer 1414 rotates to the desired value position, the free positioning rotating shaft 142 rotates, the microstructure sampling chamber device 143 turns to the specified position, and the pressing handle 146 is pressed down to freely position the rotating shaft After the sleeve 144 is pressed to the desired value, close the locking mechanism 145, then open the valve of the peristaltic pump 3, and press the liquid nitrogen in the liquid nitrogen insulation tank 2 into the liquid nitrogen chamber 11 through pressure, and the heat-sensitive discoloration in the airtight temperature-sensitive chamber 12 The volatile liquid changes due to the change of soil temperature, and then the color change of the outer wall of the cavity is shown by observing the temperature-sensitive material on the outer wall of the upper cavity, and the sample is taken after 10 minutes, in order to allow the pore water in the soil to freeze quickly and form a non-volume expansion For non-crystalline ice, the airtight temperature-sensing cavity changes from transparent to black. After the color is stable, it proves that the soil is cooled and the shape is not easy to change. Press down on the pressing rod 1431, and through the connecting rod assembly 1432, the sampling chamber 1433 is pressed out horizontally. , the sample soil enters the sampling chamber 1433 from the opening, the pressure rod 1431 is pulled back, the sampling chamber 1433 retracts, then the peristaltic pump 3 is turned off, the microstructure sampling chamber device 143 is taken out, the soil sample is taken out, and the sampling is finished.
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