CN106315194B - A three-dimensional classification conveying system - Google Patents

Abstract

A three-dimensional classification conveying system belongs to the field of product conveying equipment. It includes an upper conveying mechanism, a buffering mechanism and a lower conveying mechanism which are arranged in sequence from top to bottom, the upper conveying mechanism has a transmission channel for transversely transmitting the products to be sorted, and the buffering mechanism includes a buffer wheel (5) rotatably arranged on both sides of the lower part of the transmission channel ), the rotation axis of the buffer wheel (5) is parallel to the transmission direction of the product to be sorted in the upper conveying mechanism, the buffer wheel (5) is made of elastic material, and the product to be sorted on the upper conveying mechanism falls to the buffer wheels (5) on both sides. In between, the products to be sorted are placed on the lower conveying mechanism while the buffer wheel (5) rotates. The buffer wheel (5) is used for buffering to avoid the impact of the products to be classified during the falling process, improving the yield, and does not affect the conveying of the products on the upper conveying mechanism, ensuring the normal operation of the upper conveying mechanism and improving the work efficiency.

Description

A three-dimensional classification conveying system

technical field

A three-dimensional classification conveying system belongs to the field of product conveying equipment.

Background technique

In the classification process of fragile products, it is necessary to make the products fall from the upper conveyor line to the lower conveyor line. During the falling process, the products are easily broken or cracked, the work is very unreliable, and the yield is reduced. For example, in the ceramic tile production process, the products need to be classified. In the automatic classification process, a tile classification equipment is required. The equipment starts to transmit the tiles on the conveyor line above, and when a certain brick needs to be placed in the lower When conveying the line, by hitting the upper surface of the tile or other methods, the tile falls to the lower conveying line. The tile is impacted during the falling process, and it is very easy to crack or even break. At present, there is no structure that can solve the falling process of the tile. buffering issues in .

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is: to overcome the deficiencies of the prior art, to provide a three-dimensional classification conveying system, which improves the yield, does not affect the normal conveying of products, ensures the normal operation of the upper conveying mechanism, and improves the work efficiency.

The technical solution adopted by the present invention to solve the technical problem is: the three-dimensional classification and conveying system is characterized in that: it includes an upper conveying mechanism, a buffer mechanism and a lower conveying mechanism arranged in sequence from top to bottom, and the upper conveying mechanism has a horizontal transmission to be classified. The transmission channel of the product, the buffer mechanism includes the buffer wheels rotatably arranged on both sides of the lower part of the transmission channel, the rotation axis of the buffer wheel is parallel to the transmission direction of the product to be sorted in the upper conveying mechanism, the buffer wheel is made of elastic material, and the buffer wheels on both sides are The distance between them is smaller than the width of the transmission channel, and the distance between the axes of the buffer wheels on both sides is larger than the width of the transmission channel. The products to be sorted on the upper conveying mechanism fall between the buffer wheels on both sides, and the buffer wheels rotate while clamping. The whereabouts of products to be classified.

Preferably, a product separation mechanism is further provided on the upper side of the upper conveying mechanism, the upper conveying mechanism clamps both sides of the product to be classified for transmission, and the product separation mechanism hits the product to be classified downward to transport the product to be classified from the upper part The mechanism falls onto the buffer wheel.

Preferably, the lower side of the buffer wheel is also provided with a stacking mechanism arranged up and down. After the stacking mechanism rises, it receives the products to be sorted between the buffer wheels on both sides. After the stacking mechanism falls, the products to be sorted are placed on the lower conveying mechanism. Multiple products to be classified can be directly classified and stacked together to prepare for the next step of packaging, providing work efficiency.

Preferably, an auxiliary supporting mechanism for temporarily receiving the products to be sorted is further provided on the lower side of the buffer wheel. The products to be sorted on the upper conveying mechanism are continuously conveyed. However, in the process of sorting, when the stacking mechanism puts the stacked products to be sorted down on the lower conveyor belt, if there are new products to be sorted. It needs to be classified. At this time, the stacking mechanism has not been raised, which will cause downtime. The entire equipment cannot continue to work until the stacking mechanism is raised. The auxiliary supporting mechanism can temporarily undertake the falling of the buffer wheel during the lifting and lowering of the stacking mechanism. The products to be classified ensure the continuous work of the whole equipment, improve the work efficiency and increase the output. The auxiliary supporting mechanism can also temporarily support the products to be sorted when there is a problem with the lower conveying mechanism and other equipment.

Preferably, the auxiliary support mechanism includes a swing support base and a temporary support unit, the swing support base is connected with a swing mechanism that drives the swing support base, and the temporary support unit is arranged on the swing support base through a lifting mechanism. The use of the lifting mechanism reduces the swing radius, prevents interference with the action of the buffer mechanism, and saves space.

Preferably, the lifting mechanism includes a lifting cylinder, a rack, a pinion shaft and a lifting shaft, the lifting cylinder is fixed on the swing support base, the lifting cylinder is connected to the rack, the gear shaft meshes with the rack, and the lifting shaft is provided with a gear shaft The meshing teeth, the temporary support unit is fixed on the upper end of the lifting shaft.

Preferably, the upper conveying mechanism includes two opposite upper conveying belts, the products to be sorted are clamped between the two upper conveying belts, and a belt supporting mechanism is provided on the lower side of the upper conveying belt.

Preferably, the inner side of the upper conveying belt is provided with a horizontally arranged belt support wheel, and the belt support wheel is connected with an elastic reset mechanism that pushes the belt support wheel and the upper conveying belt to move horizontally to the side of the product to be sorted.

Preferably, a plurality of buffer cavities axially extending through the buffer wheel body are provided on the inner side of the buffer wheel, the plurality of buffer cavities are helically arranged around the axis of the buffer wheel, and the helical direction of the buffer cavities is opposite to the rotation direction of the buffer wheel.

Preferably, the product separation mechanism includes a separation cylinder, a lifting seat and a beating roller, the separation cylinder is fixed on the fixing plate and is connected to the lifting seat, and the beating roller is rotatably arranged on the lifting seat.

Preferably, a detection switch for detecting the products to be sorted is also provided, an encoder is connected to the pulley of the upper conveying belt, and the detection switch is connected to the encoder through a control system.

Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

1. The products to be classified are transported laterally on the upper conveying mechanism. When it is found that one of the products needs to be transferred from the upper conveying mechanism to the lower conveying mechanism, the product is dropped by beating or other means. At this time, the buffer wheels on both sides take over. The falling product to be sorted, the buffer wheel rotates while holding the product to be sorted and slowly falls, and gradually falls to the lower conveying mechanism, so that the product to be sorted can be prevented from directly falling onto the lower conveying mechanism, and the buffer wheel is used for buffering. It avoids the impact of the products to be classified during the falling process, improves the yield, and does not affect the conveying of the products on the upper conveying mechanism, ensures the normal operation of the upper conveying mechanism, and improves the work efficiency.

2. There is also a product separation mechanism on the upper side of the upper conveying mechanism. The upper conveying mechanism clamps both sides of the product to be classified for transmission, and while the upper conveying mechanism transmits the product to be classified, it is hit to the buffer below. On the wheel, the work efficiency is further improved.

Description of drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the three-dimensional sorting and conveying system.

FIG. 2 is a partial enlarged view of A in FIG. 1 .

FIG. 3 is a partial enlarged view of B in FIG. 1 .

FIG. 4 is a front view of the three-dimensional sorting and conveying system.

FIG. 5 is a partial enlarged view of C in FIG. 4 .

FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the stacking mechanism.

FIG. 7 is a schematic three-dimensional structure diagram of an auxiliary supporting mechanism.

FIG. 8 is a schematic structural diagram of an elastic reset mechanism.

FIG. 9 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the buffer wheel.

Among them: 1, frame 2, adjusting screw 3, swing cylinder 4, detection switch 5, buffer wheel 501, buffer chamber 6, encoder 7, upper conveying belt 8, lower conveying belt 9, adjusting handwheel 10, fixing plate 11. Separation cylinder 12, lift seat 13, rolling bearing 14, belt support frame 15, positioning block 16, hitting roller 17, temporary support unit 18, stacking motor 19, stacking bracket 20, rack and pinion mechanism 21, groove Wheel 22, swing shaft 23, connecting rod 24, swing support base 25, lift cylinder 26, rack 27, gear shaft 28, lift shaft 29, connecting plate 30, return spring.

Detailed ways

Figures 1 to 9 are the best embodiments of the three-dimensional classification and conveying system, and the present invention will be further described below in conjunction with Figures 1 to 9.

Referring to Figure 1, the three-dimensional sorting and conveying system includes an upper conveying mechanism, a buffer mechanism and a lower conveying mechanism arranged in sequence from top to bottom. The buffer wheels 5 on both sides of the lower part of the transmission channel, the rotation axis of the buffer wheel 5 is parallel to the transmission direction of the product to be sorted in the upper conveying mechanism, the buffer wheel 5 is made of elastic material, and the distance between the buffer wheels 5 on both sides is smaller than the width of the transmission channel , the distance between the axes of the buffer wheels 5 on both sides is greater than the width of the transmission channel, the products to be classified on the upper conveying mechanism fall between the buffer wheels 5 on both sides, and the buffer wheels 5 rotate while placing the products to be classified in the lower conveying institution. The products to be sorted are transported laterally on the upper conveying mechanism. When it is found that one of the products needs to be transferred from the upper conveying mechanism to the lower conveying mechanism, the product is dropped by hitting or other means. At this time, the buffer wheels 5 on both sides take over the falling. When the product to be classified, the buffer wheel 5 rotates while holding the product to be classified and slowly falls, and gradually falls on the lower conveying mechanism, so that the product to be classified can be prevented from directly falling onto the lower conveying mechanism. The method avoids the impact of the product to be classified during the falling process, improves the yield, and does not affect the conveying of the product on the upper conveying mechanism, ensures the normal operation of the upper conveying mechanism, and improves the work efficiency.

The present invention will be further described below in conjunction with specific embodiments, but those familiar with the art should understand that the detailed description given here in conjunction with the accompanying drawings is for better explanation, and the structure of the present invention must exceed these limited embodiments, However, some equivalent alternatives or common means will not be described in detail herein, but still belong to the protection scope of the present application.

In the present embodiment, the frame 1 is provided with an adjusting screw 2, the two ends of the adjusting screw 2 are respectively connected to the upper conveying mechanisms on both sides, and the screw threads at both ends of the adjusting screw 2 are in opposite directions, and one end of the adjusting screw 2 is connected There is an adjustment hand wheel 9, and the distance between the upper conveying mechanisms on both sides is adjusted by the adjustment hand wheel 9, so as to adapt to products of different sizes. Further, the buffer wheel 5 is synchronously moved laterally with the upper conveying mechanism so as to be synchronously adjusted in size.

1 and 2, a product separation mechanism is also provided on the upper side of the upper conveying mechanism, the upper conveying mechanism clamps both sides of the product to be sorted for transmission, and the product separation mechanism hits the product to be sorted downward to make the product to be sorted from The upper conveying mechanism falls on the buffer wheel 5, and the products to be classified are dropped by means of beating, which further ensures the normal operation of the upper conveying mechanism, and does not need to be stopped during classification. Specifically, the product separation mechanism includes a separation cylinder 11 , a lifting seat 12 and a beating roller 16 . The separation cylinder 11 is fixed on the fixing plate 10 and connected to the lifting seat 12 , the fixing plate 10 is fixed on the frame 1 , and the beating roller 16 rotates It is arranged on the lifting seat 12, the separating cylinder 11 drives the lifting seat 12 to rise and fall, and the lifting seat 12 drives the hitting roller 16 to hit the product to be classified. In this embodiment, the hitting roller 16 is used to hit the product to be classified, and the hitting roller 16 During the striking process, relative rolling can also be generated on the upper side of the product to be classified, and the striking can be performed during the lateral transmission of the product to be classified without damaging the product to be classified. In this embodiment, a ceramic tile is used as an example, and there are four separation mechanisms, which are respectively used to hit the four corners of the square ceramic tile. Further, the two separation mechanisms on the rear side also include a positioning block 15 respectively, and the positioning block 15 is located at the rear side of the lifting seat 12. In this embodiment, the first two separation mechanisms are used to act first, and the latter two separation mechanisms lag behind the tiles. Hit, because when the separation mechanism hits the tiles, it cannot be completely guaranteed that the time interval between the front and rear separation mechanisms must be the set time. If the interval exceeds the set time, the back side of the tiles may be tilted. At this time, the positioning block 15 positions the tiles to ensure that even if the tiles are tilted, they still fall at the set position after falling, which is conducive to stacking and packaging the tiles.

Referring to FIG. 2, in this embodiment, the upper conveying mechanism includes two upper conveying belts 7 arranged opposite to each other, and the products to be sorted are clamped between the two upper conveying belts 7, so that the separation mechanism can be very convenient. The product to be sorted hits the buffer wheel 5 . A detection switch 4 for detecting the products to be classified is also provided, an encoder 6 is connected to the pulley of the upper conveying belt 7, and the detection switch 4 is connected with the encoder 6 through the control system, and the detection switch 4 detects that the products to be classified enter into the upper conveying After the belt 7, the encoder 6 starts to work, and the length and dimension of the product to be sorted can be known. In order to prevent the height position deviation of the upper conveying belt 7 when conveying the products to be classified, a belt support mechanism is provided on the lower side of the upper conveying belt 7 to ensure the horizontal transmission of the products to be classified. Specifically, the belt supporting mechanism includes a rolling bearing 13 and a supporting belt supporting frame 14 . The rolling bearing 13 is arranged on the upper side of the supporting belt supporting frame 14 , and the upper conveying belt 7 is supported on the rolling bearing 13 . The belt support mechanism is arranged on both sides of the separation mechanism, that is, on both sides of the separation station, so as to avoid blocking the falling of the products to be sorted. The lower conveying mechanism includes two lower conveying belts 8, and a belt supporting mechanism is arranged on the lower side of the lower conveying belt 8, and the belt supporting mechanism is used to support the belt and maintain the horizontal movement of the belt.

Referring to Figure 4 and Figure 6, in this embodiment, the lower side of the buffer wheel 5 is also provided with a stacking mechanism for lifting and lowering. After the stacking mechanism rises, it accepts the products to be sorted between the buffer wheels 5 on both sides. It is placed on the lower conveying mechanism, and then rises through the stacking mechanism to receive a tile, and then the stacking mechanism drops a distance of one tile thickness, and the second tile falls on the stacking mechanism again, and two or more tiles can be stacked together. , which is convenient for subsequent packaging of the tiles. Specifically, the stacking mechanism includes a stacking bracket 19 , a stacking motor 18 and a transmission mechanism. The stacking bracket 19 is arranged between the two lower conveying belts 8 . The stacking motor 18 drives the stacking bracket 19 to rise and fall through the transmission mechanism, and receives the buffer wheel 5 The falling tiles are then placed on the lower conveyor belt 8 after the stacking bracket 19 has fallen. The transmission mechanism adopts a rack and pinion mechanism 20 .

Referring to FIGS. 3-5 and 7, as a further improvement, in this embodiment, an auxiliary supporting mechanism for temporarily receiving the products to be classified is provided on the lower side of the buffer wheel 5, and the products to be classified on the upper conveying mechanism are continuously supplied. However, in the process of sorting, the buffer wheel 5 needs to slowly put the products to be sorted on the stacking mechanism, and the stacking mechanism stacks the products to be sorted. When the belt 8 is on, if there is a new product to be sorted and needs to be sorted, the stacking mechanism has not been raised at this time, which will cause downtime. The entire equipment can continue to work after the stacking mechanism is lifted. The supporting mechanism can temporarily receive the products to be sorted that fall from the buffer wheel 5 during the lifting and lowering process of the stacking mechanism, which ensures the continuous operation of the entire equipment, improves the work efficiency and increases the output.

Specifically, the auxiliary support mechanism includes a swing support base 24 and a temporary support unit 17 . The swing support base 24 is connected with a swing mechanism that drives the swing support unit 17 . The temporary support unit 17 is set on the swing support base 24 through a lifting mechanism. After the swing mechanism swings into place, the temporary support unit 17 is lifted up by the lifting mechanism to accept the products to be classified, which can save space, and the lifting mechanism can lower the height of a product after the temporary support unit 17 accepts a product. 17 can undertake another product, which can buy more time for the stacking mechanism and ensure the continuous operation of the equipment. The swing mechanism in this embodiment includes a swing cylinder 3 and a swing fixing plate 10. At least two swing support bases 24 are fixed on the swing shaft 22. The swing cylinder 3 is connected by a connecting rod 23 and drives the swing shaft 22 to rotate, thereby driving the swing support The seat 24 swings. The lifting mechanism includes a lifting cylinder 25, a rack 26, a gear shaft 27 and a lifting shaft 28. The lifting cylinder 25 is fixed on the swing support base 24, the lifting cylinder 25 is connected to the rack 26, the gear shaft 27 meshes with the rack 26, and the lifting shaft 28 There are teeth meshing with the gear shaft 27 , and the temporary support unit 17 is fixed on the upper end of the lifting shaft 28 .

5 and 8, the inner side of the upper conveying belt 7 is provided with a horizontally arranged belt support wheel, and the belt support wheel is connected with an elastic reset mechanism that pushes the belt support wheel and the upper conveying belt 7 to move horizontally to the side of the product to be sorted. When the upper conveying mechanism conveys the to-be-sorted product, it must clamp the to-be-sorted product. In this embodiment, the elastic reset mechanism pushes the upper conveying belt 7 to clamp the to-be-sorted product at all times. Specifically, the elastic reset mechanism includes a reset spring 30 and a connecting plate 29, the belt support pulley is a sheave 21, the connecting plate 29 is rotatably arranged on the frame 1, one end of the restoring spring 30 is fixedly connected to the frame 1, and the other end is connected to the connecting plate 29. The sheave 21 is rotated and arranged on the connecting plate 29. The return spring 30 drives the connecting plate 29 to rotate, thereby pushing the sheave 21 to move. The outer side expands, and the belt enters the groove of the sheave 21 at this time. Although the belt support mechanism no longer supports the upper conveyor belt 7, the sheave 21 will fix the upper and lower position of the upper conveyor belt 7, and make the upper conveyor belt 7 always Clamps the product to be sorted.

9, the present embodiment provides a specific structure of a buffer wheel 5, the middle of the buffer wheel 5 is provided with a hexagonal rotating shaft mounting hole, a plurality of buffer wheels 5 are connected in series on a rotating shaft, and the rotating shaft drives a plurality of The buffer wheel 5 rotates synchronously. The inner side of the buffer wheel 5 is provided with a plurality of buffer cavities 501 axially extending through the body of the buffer wheel 5 . The contour line of the buffer cavity 501 consists of a first contour line, a second contour line, a third contour line and a fourth contour line connected in sequence, and the contour line is a section line perpendicular to the axis of the body of the buffer wheel 5, wherein the first contour line is The contour line is located at the outermost side, the third contour line is located at the innermost side, and the first contour line is an arc concentric with the body of the buffer wheel 5 .

Working process: take the ceramic tile as an example to illustrate, when the ceramic tile enters the upper conveying belt 7, the upper conveying belt 7 clamps the ceramic tile and conveys it horizontally. After the detection switch 4 detects that the product to be sorted enters the upper conveying belt 7, the encoder 6 starts to work. , calculate the length, size and position of the tile, the system judges whether to classify the tile according to the detection result of the vision system, if it needs to be classified, the separation cylinder 11 drives the hitting roller 16 to fall and hit the four corners of the tile, and the tile is conveyed from the upper part. The belt 7 falls on the rotating buffer wheel 5, the buffer wheel 5 rotates and clamps the tiles and slowly descends, the tiles are placed on the stacking bracket 19, and then the stacking bracket 19 drops a distance of the thickness of one tile, waiting for the second tile to fall , when two or three tiles are stacked on the stacking bracket 19, the stacking motor 18 drives the stacking bracket 19 to fall. When the height of the stacking bracket 19 is lower than the height of the lower conveyor belt 8, the tiles are placed on the lower conveyor belt. 8, the lower conveyor belt 8 continues to transport the stacked tiles to the next station. During this process, if tiles continue to enter the upper conveyor belt 7, the swing cylinder 3 drives the swing shaft 22 to rotate through the connecting rod 23, thereby driving The swing support base 24 swings, and then the lift cylinder 25 drives the temporary support unit 17 to lift up, temporarily supports the falling tiles and places them on the raised stacking bracket 19 .

The above are only preferred embodiments of the present invention, and are not intended to limit the present invention in other forms. Any person skilled in the art may use the technical content disclosed above to make changes or modifications to equivalent changes. Example. However, any simple modifications, equivalent changes and modifications made to the above embodiments according to the technical essence of the present invention without departing from the content of the technical solutions of the present invention still belong to the protection scope of the technical solutions of the present invention.

Claims (6)

1. A three-dimensional classification conveying system is characterized in that: comprises an upper conveying mechanism, a buffer mechanism and a lower conveying mechanism which are arranged from top to bottom in sequence, wherein the upper conveying mechanism is provided with a conveying channel for transversely conveying products to be classified, the buffer mechanism comprises buffer wheels (5) which are rotatably arranged on two sides of the lower part of the conveying channel, the rotation axis of each buffer wheel (5) is parallel to the conveying direction of the products to be classified on the upper conveying mechanism, each buffer wheel (5) is made of elastic material, the distance between the buffer wheels (5) on two sides is smaller than the width of the conveying channel, the products to be classified on the upper conveying mechanism fall between the buffer wheels (5) on two sides, the products to be classified are clamped and fall while the buffer wheels (5) rotate, a stacking mechanism which is arranged at the lower side of each buffer wheel (5) is also arranged and lifted, the stacking mechanism is arranged and lifted to bear the products to be classified between the buffer wheels (5) on two sides, the products to be classified are placed on the lower conveying mechanism after the stacking mechanism, an auxiliary bearing mechanism which is arranged and temporarily bears the products to be classified is arranged on the lower side of the buffer wheels (5) and comprises a swinging support seat (24) and a temporary bearing unit (17), the auxiliary bearing mechanism which comprises a swinging support seat (24) and a temporary bearing unit (24) and a lifting cylinder (25), the lifting cylinder (28) which is fixed on the lifting support seat (25) and a lifting cylinder (25), a lifting cylinder (25) which are fixed on the lifting cylinder (25) and a lifting cylinder (25), the lifting cylinder (25) is connected with a rack (26), a gear shaft (27) is meshed with the rack (26), the lifting shaft (28) is provided with teeth meshed with the gear shaft (27), and the temporary supporting unit (17) is fixed at the upper end of the lifting shaft (28).

2. The stereoscopic sort delivery system of claim 1, wherein: the upper side of the upper conveying mechanism is also provided with a product separating mechanism, the upper conveying mechanism clamps two sides of the products to be classified for transmission, and the product separating mechanism downwards strikes the products to be classified to enable the products to be classified to fall onto the buffer wheel (5) from the upper conveying mechanism.

3. The stereoscopic sort conveying system of claim 1, wherein: the upper conveying mechanism comprises two upper conveying belts (7) which are oppositely arranged, the products to be classified are clamped between the two upper conveying belts (7), and a belt supporting mechanism is arranged on the lower side of each upper conveying belt (7).

4. The stereoscopic sort delivery system of claim 3, wherein: the inner side of the upper conveying belt (7) is provided with a belt supporting wheel which is horizontally arranged, and the belt supporting wheel is connected with an elastic reset mechanism which pushes the belt supporting wheel and the upper conveying belt (7) to horizontally move towards one side of a product to be classified.

5. The stereoscopic sort delivery system of claim 1, wherein: a plurality of buffer cavities (501) which axially penetrate through the buffer wheel (5) body are formed in the inner side of the buffer wheel (5), and the plurality of buffer cavities (501) are spirally arranged around the axis of the buffer wheel (5).

6. The stereoscopic sort conveying system of claim 2, wherein: the product separating mechanism comprises a separating cylinder (11), a lifting seat (12) and a beating roller (16), the separating cylinder (11) is fixed on the fixing plate (10) and connected with the lifting seat (12), and the beating roller (16) is rotatably arranged on the lifting seat (12).

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