CN106312478A - Gearbox for ship - Google Patents
Gearbox for ship Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN106312478A CN106312478A CN201610892211.XA CN201610892211A CN106312478A CN 106312478 A CN106312478 A CN 106312478A CN 201610892211 A CN201610892211 A CN 201610892211A CN 106312478 A CN106312478 A CN 106312478A
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- boats
- case body
- ships
- gear case
- temperature
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- 229910052761 rare earth metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 25
- 150000002910 rare earth metals Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 23
- 229910052758 niobium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 229910052710 silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 229910052720 vanadium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 229910052804 chromium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 229910052749 magnesium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 229910052748 manganese Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 229910052717 sulfur Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 229910052759 nickel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 229910052698 phosphorus Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 229910052719 titanium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 229910052725 zinc Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 36
- 238000005496 tempering Methods 0.000 claims description 36
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 claims description 25
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims description 21
- 238000009413 insulation Methods 0.000 claims description 20
- 238000010791 quenching Methods 0.000 claims description 18
- 230000000171 quenching effect Effects 0.000 claims description 18
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 17
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- 229910052684 Cerium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 11
- 229910052688 Gadolinium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 11
- 229910052772 Samarium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 11
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 11
- 238000003801 milling Methods 0.000 claims description 11
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 11
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 claims description 11
- 229910052706 scandium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 11
- 229910052727 yttrium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 11
- XKRFYHLGVUSROY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Argon Chemical compound [Ar] XKRFYHLGVUSROY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 10
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000003110 molding sand Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000005255 carburizing Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000007872 degassing Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000005266 casting Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000006185 dispersion Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000005480 shot peening Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- RPACBEVZENYWOL-XFULWGLBSA-M sodium;(2r)-2-[6-(4-chlorophenoxy)hexyl]oxirane-2-carboxylate Chemical compound [Na+].C=1C=C(Cl)C=CC=1OCCCCCC[C@]1(C(=O)[O-])CO1 RPACBEVZENYWOL-XFULWGLBSA-M 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000003723 Smelting Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910052786 argon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000002513 implantation Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000007689 inspection Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000000465 moulding Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000004806 packaging method and process Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000004576 sand Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000007514 turning Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 230000011218 segmentation Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 abstract description 11
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 abstract description 11
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 4
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 abstract description 3
- 238000003672 processing method Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 239000010955 niobium Substances 0.000 description 12
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 11
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 description 11
- 239000011777 magnesium Substances 0.000 description 9
- 229910001566 austenite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 239000013078 crystal Substances 0.000 description 4
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 4
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 3
- 150000004767 nitrides Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicon Chemical compound [Si] XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000000470 constituent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000005336 cracking Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000003754 machining Methods 0.000 description 2
- UNASZPQZIFZUSI-UHFFFAOYSA-N methylidyneniobium Chemical compound [Nb]#C UNASZPQZIFZUSI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000010703 silicon Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000009466 transformation Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229910000859 α-Fe Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229910000838 Al alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N Magnesium Chemical compound [Mg] FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910018619 Si-Fe Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910008289 Si—Fe Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfur Chemical compound [S] NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000005299 abrasion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000853 adhesive Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001070 adhesive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002411 adverse Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004220 aggregation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002776 aggregation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005275 alloying Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000137 annealing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005452 bending Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000295 complement effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000018109 developmental process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004512 die casting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009792 diffusion process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000005496 eutectics Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002349 favourable effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011049 filling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000008187 granular material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000008676 import Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052747 lanthanoid Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000002602 lanthanoids Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000011133 lead Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000014759 maintenance of location Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003607 modifier Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002667 nucleating agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005498 polishing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001556 precipitation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000746 purification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007670 refining Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012827 research and development Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005204 segregation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000006104 solid solution Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000007711 solidification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008023 solidification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000011593 sulfur Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004781 supercooling Methods 0.000 description 1
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23P—METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; COMBINED OPERATIONS; UNIVERSAL MACHINE TOOLS
- B23P15/00—Making specific metal objects by operations not covered by a single other subclass or a group in this subclass
- B23P15/14—Making specific metal objects by operations not covered by a single other subclass or a group in this subclass gear parts, e.g. gear wheels
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Gears, Cams (AREA)
- Heat Treatment Of Articles (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a gearbox for a ship. A box body of the gearbox comprises the following components: C, Si, Mn, Fe, Mg, Zn, Mn, Cr, Ti, Ni, Nb, V, Cu, P, S, rare earth and the balance Al. The gearbox disclosed by the invention is high in strength and hardness, is good in wear resistance, corrosion resistance and oxidization resistance, and is high in yield strength and tensile strength; and a processing method for the gearbox is simple, is low in cost and is good in formability.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of gear-box, be specifically related to a kind of boats and ships gear-box.
Background technology
In order to promote that China is civilian, ships used for military purposes designs, the level of aggregation of manufacture, national correlation department propped up energetically in recent years
Hold boats and ships and the design of crucial auxiliary equipment thereof and production, the development in boats and ships key auxiliary equipment market is greatly facilitated, while it is true,
The boats and ships gear-box technology that China uses at present remains 20th century six the seventies from external introduction, independent research and development capacity
Weaker, also have a certain distance with advanced international standard, in China's Ship production, the complement rate of boats and ships gear-box is non-
The lowest, especially gear box for high-power ship, the most still rely primarily on import, the serious phenomenon of machines such as " " ships often occurs；
Marine gearbox is one of reducing gear and propulsion system of various boats and ships indispensability, and its comprehensive quality is directly connected to boats and ships
Overall performance, marine gearbox must while meeting long-life and high reliability, reduce as far as possible weight, improve anti-impact
Hitting performance etc., researching and developing a kind of boats and ships gear-box that can overcome drawbacks described above becomes the technology that those skilled in the art are urgently to be resolved hurrily
Problem.
Summary of the invention
The technical problem to be solved is, the shortcoming existed for above prior art, proposes a kind of boats and ships and uses
Gear-box, this gear-box high intensity, hardness, wearability, corrosion resistance and oxidation resistance are good, yield strength and tensile strength high and
This its processing method is simple, low cost, good moldability.
The present invention solves the technical scheme of above technical problem:
A kind of boats and ships gear-box, this gear case body includes following components by mass percentage: C:0.20-0.23%, Si:
3-5%, Fe:0.6-0.8%, Mg:5-7%, Zn:0.5-0.8%, Mn:0.1-0.3%, Cr:0.4-0.6%, Ti:0.08-0.13%,
Ni:0.8-1.0%, Nb:0.02-0.04%, V:0.01-0.03%, Cu≤0.2%, P≤0.03%, S≤0.02%, rare earth: 0.01-
0.04%, surplus is Al；
The component of rare earth chemical composition by mass percentage is: La:18-23%, Sc:11-13%, Y:15-17%, Sm:20-22%；
Nd:18-21%, Ce:5-8%, Gd:8-12%, above each component sum is 100%；
Described boats and ships gear case body is prepared according to the following steps:
(1) boats and ships gear case body mould is made with molding sand and core sand for Modeling Material, before making casting mold, first to Modeling Materials
Molding sand in material is placed in baker dries；
(2) each composition of boats and ships gear case body being added hot smelting, obtain material liquid after all melting, temperature rises to 650-
720 DEG C of insulation 20-30min, then rise to 750-780 DEG C, and use rotary getter to use pure argon gas to carry out refine and remove
Gas, the alterant adding the mixing of Al-10Sr and Na salt after degasification in material liquid carries out Metamorphism treatment；
(3) by the mould of molding in the material liquid implantation step (1) after Metamorphism treatment, mould both sides arrange sprue and dispersion
Ingate, first pour into a mould during cast, when material liquid is about covered with mould half, both sides are injected simultaneously into, it is achieved from bottom to top
Consecutive solidification, owing to foundry goods is big, so can shorten material liquid filling time, reduce flow process, water in opening sprue and dispersion
Road, alleviates hot-spot phenomenon, and then after air cooling, the demoulding prepares boats and ships gear case body blank；
(4) the gear case body blank of the boats and ships in step (3) is heated at 300-350 DEG C, then with 20-26 DEG C/h
Speed insulation 1.5-2h when being cooled to 175 DEG C, then air cooling is to room temperature；
(5) boats and ships gear case body blank is carried out at strengthened shot peening；
(6) tank body blank is placed processing teeth groove on roughing tooth groove machine tool and carries out coarse milling profile of tooth operation；
(7) the gear case body blank of the boats and ships in step (6) is heated at 320-370 DEG C, then with 15-20 DEG C/h's
Speed is cooled to insulation 1-2h when 205 DEG C, and then air cooling is to room temperature；
(8) the boats and ships gear case body blank that will be cooled to room temperature is heated to 150-190 DEG C, then carries out Carburization Treatment, should
In the environment of Carburization Treatment oxygen concentration in oxygen concentration is less than air, boats and ships gear case body blank is heated to table
Face forms carburized layer；
(9) the boats and ships gear case body blank after carburizing is carried out Nitrizing Treatment, boats and ships gear case body blank is delivered to
In hermetic container and be passed through nitrogen, first will warm up 280-330 DEG C and keep 1h, be then heated to 410 DEG C of insulation 5-7h, finally add
Heat to 540 DEG C insulation 1.5-2h, then stove be cooled to 180 DEG C again air cooling to room temperature；
(10) the boats and ships gear case body blank in step (9) is carried out Tempering and Quenching, by after Tempering and Quenching
Boats and ships gear case body blank is placed on lathe and carries out finish turning operation, and carry out finish-milling cut profile of tooth operation obtain boats and ships use
Gear case body finished product；
(11) finished product obtained is carried out x-ray inspection, check qualified packaging to put in storage.
In the present invention in the component of casing, it can improve the casting character of alloy to be added with Si, and silicon and aluminum can form solid
Solution, silicon forms eutectic with aluminum, carries heavy alloyed high temperatures, reduces shrinkage factor, without hot cracking tendency；Cu can carry heavy alloyed stream
Dynamic property, tensile strength and hardness；Mg can improve intensity and yield limit, improves the machinability of alloy, and exist-----containing magnesium
Time there is excellent corrosion resistance；Zn can improve mobility in the alloy, increases red brittleness, but can reduce corrosion resistance, will
Zn controls---can strictly control corrosion resistance, there is good casting character and mechanical performance simultaneously, machining also than
Preferably；Fe is the harmful element in alloy, and the lamellar of Al-Si-Fe or acicular constituent are present in alloy, and it can reduce machinery
Performance so that the mobility of alloy lowers, hot crackability increases, but alloy is very strong, when Fe contains to the adhesive attraction of mould
Amount below 0.6% time particularly strong, after more than 0.6%, mold sticking just considerably reduces, therefore Fe is strict controlled in by the present invention
0.6-0.8%, is beneficial to die casting；Mn can reduce the adverse effect of ferrum in the alloy so that the lamellar formed by ferrum in alloy and
Acicular constituent becomes fine and closely woven texture, strict control Mn in the range of----because too high Mn content can cause segregation；
The effect that Ni can carry heavy alloyed intensity and hardness, Ni and ferrum in the alloy is the same, the strict content favourable foundry goods warp controlling Ni
Bright and clean surface can be obtained after polishing；Add---Ti can the grain structure of notable refining aluminum alloy, put forward heavy alloyed mechanicalness
Can, low-alloyed hot cracking tendency drops.
The technical scheme that the present invention limits further as:
In aforementioned boats and ships gear-box, the Tempering and Quenching carried out in step (10), the concrete operations of Tempering and Quenching are: use
Normalizing and tempering combine, a normalizing+double tempering, and temperature is more than second time temperature for the first time；Normalizing: normalizing
Temperature 450 DEG C, is incubated 10min after temperature；Tempering for the first time: using zone heating, first paragraph heating-up temperature is 240 DEG C, to temperature
Rear insulation 15min, second segment heating-up temperature is 450 DEG C, is incubated 9min after temperature, and then air cooling carries out second time time to room temperature
Fire；It is heated to 540 DEG C, after temperature, is incubated 15min.
In aforementioned boats and ships gear-box, this gear case body includes following components by mass percentage: C:0.20%, Si:
3%, Fe:0.6%, Mg:5%, Zn:0.5%, Mn:0.1%, Cr:0.4%, Ti:0.08%, Ni:0.8%, Nb:0.02%, V:0.01%,
Cu≤0.2%, P≤0.03%, S≤0.02%, rare earth: 0.01%, surplus is Al；
The component of rare earth chemical composition by mass percentage is: La:18%, Sc:12%, Y:15%, Sm:21%；Nd:18%, Ce:5%,
Gd:11%, above each component sum is 100%.
In aforementioned boats and ships gear-box, this gear case body includes following components by mass percentage: C:0.23%, Si:
5%, Fe:0.8%, Mg:7%, Zn:0.8%, Mn:0.3%, Cr:0.6%, Ti:0.13%, Ni:1.0%, Nb:0.04%, V:0.03%,
Cu≤0.2%, P≤0.03%, S≤0.02%, rare earth: 0.04%, surplus is Al；
The component of rare earth chemical composition by mass percentage is: La:22%, Sc:11%, Y:15%, Sm:20%；Nd:18%, Ce:6%,
Gd:8%, above each component sum is 100%.
In aforementioned boats and ships gear-box, this gear case body includes following components by mass percentage: C:0.21%, Si:
4%, Fe:0.7%, Mg:6%, Zn:0.6%, Mn:0.2%, Cr:0.5%, Ti:0.09%, Ni:0.9%, Nb:0.03%, V:0.02%,
Cu≤0.2%, P≤0.03%, S≤0.02%, rare earth: 0.03%, surplus is Al；
The component of rare earth chemical composition by mass percentage is: La:19%, Sc:13%, Y:16%, Sm:20%；Nd:18%, Ce:5%,
Gd:9%, above each component sum is 100%.
The invention has the beneficial effects as follows:
The composition of this casing does not add substantial amounts of alloy, reduces cost, selective addition trace alloying element Cr, Nb
And V；The addition of Cr mainly adds quenching degree, significantly improves intensity, hardness and wearability, too increases the case prepared
The corrosion resistance of body and oxidation resistance；
The affinity of Nb with C is bigger, and Nb has precedence over C and combines generation niobium carbide (NbC) after adding, effectively prevent intercrystalline corrosion；
Nb, V there was added advantage a, the raising of heating-up temperature and the prolongation of temperature retention time when melting, and austenite crystal is more
Form carbon when coming the biggest, austenite grain boundary is played fixation by the little granule of nitride diffusion, stops Austenite Grain Growth, carries
The Coarsening Temperature of high casing；B, time in production is carried out, temperature is gradually lowered, the carbon of Nb, V, the nitride solubility in austenite
Long-pending reduction, the effect of deformation-induced precipitation in addition, its carbon, nitride, at austenite disperse educt before ferritic transformation, become
For ferritic nucleating agent, make ferrite be formed in a large number under less degree of supercooling, be difficult to grow up, thus it is brilliant to have refined ferrite
Grain, improves yield strength and tensile strength.
Casing of the present invention with the addition of lanthanide rare, owing to the metallic atomic radius of above rare earth element is than the atom half of ferrum
Footpath is big, it is easy to fill up in its crystal grain and defect, and generates the film that can hinder crystal grain continued growth so that crystal grain refinement and
Improving performance, meanwhile, rare earth element is easily and oxygen, sulfur, lead and other elements chemical combination generate the compound that fusing point is high, can play purification
Effect.
After coarse milling profile of tooth, blank carries out modifier treatment again, can improve the overall mechanical properties of blank and control heat treatment well
Deflection, can improve working (machining) efficiency and the crudy of blank, uses double annealing, effectively goes de-stress.
Employing strengthened shot peening processes, and improves fatigue strength, particularly improves the bending of the gap regions of case-hardening parts
Fatigue strength and torsional fatigue strength；Can also surface vibration abrasion and fretting corrosion, improve tear strength；Improve for stress
Crevice corrosion and the corrosion resistance of vibration crevice corrosion.
The present invention is also added into the alterant of Al-10Sr and Na salt mixing, does not use the scheme that Sr individually goes bad, and uses
The percentage elongation that the alterant of mixing goes bad is the highest, and tensile strength is preferable, and the independent Metamorphism treatment of mechanical property Sr is compared and is greatly improved.
Detailed description of the invention
Embodiment 1
The present embodiment provides a kind of boats and ships gear-box, and this gear case body includes following components: C by mass percentage:
0.20%, Si:3%, Fe:0.6%, Mg:5%, Zn:0.5%, Mn:0.1%, Cr:0.4%, Ti:0.08%, Ni:0.8%, Nb:0.02%,
V:0.01%, Cu≤0.2%, P≤0.03%, S≤0.02%, rare earth: 0.01%, surplus is Al；
The component of rare earth chemical composition by mass percentage is: La:18%, Sc:12%, Y:15%, Sm:21%；Nd:18%, Ce:5%,
Gd:11%, above each component sum is 100%；
Boats and ships gear case body is prepared according to the following steps:
(1) boats and ships gear case body mould is made with molding sand and core sand for Modeling Material, before making casting mold, first to Modeling Materials
Molding sand in material is placed in baker dries；
(2) each composition of boats and ships gear case body being added hot smelting, obtain material liquid after all melting, temperature rises to 650
DEG C insulation 20min, then rise to 750 DEG C, and use rotary getter use pure argon gas carry out refine degasification, degasification is backward
The alterant adding the mixing of Al-10Sr and Na salt in material liquid carries out Metamorphism treatment；
(3) by the mould of molding in the material liquid implantation step (1) after Metamorphism treatment, mould both sides arrange sprue and dispersion
Ingate, first pour into a mould during cast, when material liquid is about covered with mould half, both sides are injected simultaneously into, then after air cooling
The demoulding prepares boats and ships gear case body blank；
(4) heating at 300 DEG C for the gear case body blank of the boats and ships in step (3), then the speed with 20 DEG C/h is cold
But to being incubated 1.5h when 175 DEG C, then air cooling is to room temperature；
(5) boats and ships gear case body blank is carried out at strengthened shot peening；
(6) tank body blank is placed processing teeth groove on roughing tooth groove machine tool and carries out coarse milling profile of tooth operation；
(7) the gear case body blank of the boats and ships in step (6) is heated at 320 DEG C, then cool down with the speed of 15 DEG C/h
To being incubated 1h when 205 DEG C, then air cooling is to room temperature；
(8) the boats and ships gear case body blank that will be cooled to room temperature is heated to 150 DEG C, then carries out Carburization Treatment, this carburizing
Process in the environment of the oxygen concentration in oxygen concentration is less than air, boats and ships gear case body blank is heated to surface shape
Become carburized layer；
(9) the boats and ships gear case body blank after carburizing is carried out Nitrizing Treatment, boats and ships gear case body blank is delivered to
In hermetic container and be passed through nitrogen, first will warm up 280 DEG C and keep 1h, be then heated to 410 DEG C of insulation 5h, finally heated extremely
540 DEG C insulation 1.5h, then stove be cooled to 180 DEG C again air cooling to room temperature；
(10) the boats and ships gear case body blank in step (9) is carried out Tempering and Quenching, by after Tempering and Quenching
Boats and ships gear case body blank is placed on lathe and carries out finish turning operation, and carry out finish-milling cut profile of tooth operation obtain boats and ships use
Gear case body finished product；
The concrete operations of Tempering and Quenching are: use normalizing and tempering to combine, a normalizing+double tempering, for the first time tempering
Temperature is more than second time temperature；Normalizing: normalizing temperature 450 DEG C, is incubated 10min after temperature；Tempering for the first time: use segmentation
Heating, first paragraph heating-up temperature is 240 DEG C, is incubated 15min after temperature, and second segment heating-up temperature is 450 DEG C, is incubated after temperature
9min, then air cooling carries out being tempered for the second time to room temperature；It is heated to 540 DEG C, after temperature, is incubated 15min；
(11) finished product obtained is carried out x-ray inspection, check qualified packaging to put in storage.
Embodiment 2
A kind of boats and ships gear-box of the present embodiment offer, C:0.23%, Si:5%, Fe:0.8%, Mg:7%, Zn:0.8%, Mn:0.3%,
Cr:0.6%, Ti:0.13%, Ni:1.0%, Nb:0.04%, V:0.03%, Cu≤0.2%, P≤0.03%, S≤0.02%, rare earth:
0.04%, surplus is Al；
The component of rare earth chemical composition by mass percentage is: La:22%, Sc:11%, Y:15%, Sm:20%；Nd:18%, Ce:6%,
Gd:8%, above each component sum is 100%；
Boats and ships gear case body is prepared according to the following steps:
(1) boats and ships gear case body mould is made with molding sand and core sand for Modeling Material, before making casting mold, first to Modeling Materials
Molding sand in material is placed in baker dries；
(2) each composition of boats and ships gear case body being added hot smelting, obtain material liquid after all melting, temperature rises to 720
DEG C insulation 230min, then rise to 780 DEG C, and use rotary getter use pure argon gas carry out refine degasification, after degasification
The alterant adding the mixing of Al-10Sr and Na salt in material liquid carries out Metamorphism treatment；
(3) by the mould of molding in the material liquid implantation step (1) after Metamorphism treatment, mould both sides arrange sprue and dispersion
Ingate, first pour into a mould during cast, when material liquid is about covered with mould half, both sides are injected simultaneously into, then after air cooling
The demoulding prepares boats and ships gear case body blank；
(4) heating at 350 DEG C for the gear case body blank of the boats and ships in step (3), then the speed with 26 DEG C/h is cold
But to being incubated 2h when 175 DEG C, then air cooling is to room temperature；
(5) boats and ships gear case body blank is carried out at strengthened shot peening；
(6) tank body blank is placed processing teeth groove on roughing tooth groove machine tool and carries out coarse milling profile of tooth operation；
(7) the gear case body blank of the boats and ships in step (6) is heated at 370 DEG C, then cool down with the speed of 20 DEG C/h
To being incubated 2h when 205 DEG C, then air cooling is to room temperature；
(8) the boats and ships gear case body blank that will be cooled to room temperature is heated to 190 DEG C, then carries out Carburization Treatment, this carburizing
Process in the environment of the oxygen concentration in oxygen concentration is less than air, boats and ships gear case body blank is heated to surface shape
Become carburized layer；
(9) the boats and ships gear case body blank after carburizing is carried out Nitrizing Treatment, boats and ships gear case body blank is delivered to
In hermetic container and be passed through nitrogen, first will warm up 330 DEG C and keep 1h, be then heated to 410 DEG C of insulation 7h, finally heated extremely
540 DEG C insulation 2h, then stove be cooled to 180 DEG C again air cooling to room temperature；
(10) the boats and ships gear case body blank in step (9) is carried out Tempering and Quenching, by after Tempering and Quenching
Boats and ships gear case body blank is placed on lathe and carries out finish turning operation, and carry out finish-milling cut profile of tooth operation obtain boats and ships use
Gear case body finished product；
The concrete operations of Tempering and Quenching are: use normalizing and tempering to combine, a normalizing+double tempering, for the first time tempering
Temperature is more than second time temperature；Normalizing: normalizing temperature 450 DEG C, is incubated 10min after temperature；Tempering for the first time: use segmentation
Heating, first paragraph heating-up temperature is 240 DEG C, is incubated 15min after temperature, and second segment heating-up temperature is 450 DEG C, is incubated after temperature
9min, then air cooling carries out being tempered for the second time to room temperature；It is heated to 540 DEG C, after temperature, is incubated 15min；
(11) finished product obtained is carried out x-ray inspection, check qualified packaging to put in storage.
Embodiment 3
The present embodiment provides a kind of boats and ships gear-box, and this gear case body includes following components: C by mass percentage:
0.21%, Si:4%, Fe:0.7%, Mg:6%, Zn:0.6%, Mn:0.2%, Cr:0.5%, Ti:0.09%, Ni:0.9%, Nb:0.03%,
V:0.02%, Cu≤0.2%, P≤0.03%, S≤0.02%, rare earth: 0.03%, surplus is Al；
The component of rare earth chemical composition by mass percentage is: La:19%, Sc:13%, Y:16%, Sm:20%；Nd:18%, Ce:5%,
Gd:9%, above each component sum is 100%；
Boats and ships gear case body is prepared according to the following steps:
(1) boats and ships gear case body mould is made with molding sand and core sand for Modeling Material, before making casting mold, first to Modeling Materials
Molding sand in material is placed in baker dries；
(2) each composition of boats and ships gear case body being added hot smelting, obtain material liquid after all melting, temperature rises to 690
DEG C insulation 20-30min, then rise to 760 DEG C, and use rotary getter use pure argon gas carry out refine degasification, degasification
The alterant adding the mixing of Al-10Sr and Na salt in backward material liquid carries out Metamorphism treatment；
(3) by the mould of molding in the material liquid implantation step (1) after Metamorphism treatment, mould both sides arrange sprue and dispersion
Ingate, first pour into a mould during cast, when material liquid is about covered with mould half, both sides are injected simultaneously into, then after air cooling
The demoulding prepares boats and ships gear case body blank；
(4) heating at 330 DEG C for the gear case body blank of the boats and ships in step (3), then the speed with 24 DEG C/h is cold
But to being incubated 1.8h when 175 DEG C, then air cooling is to room temperature；
(5) boats and ships gear case body blank is carried out at strengthened shot peening；
(6) tank body blank is placed processing teeth groove on roughing tooth groove machine tool and carries out coarse milling profile of tooth operation；
(7) the gear case body blank of the boats and ships in step (6) is heated at 340 DEG C, then cool down with the speed of 18 DEG C/h
To being incubated 1.5h when 205 DEG C, then air cooling is to room temperature；
(8) the boats and ships gear case body blank that will be cooled to room temperature is heated to 170 DEG C, then carries out Carburization Treatment, this carburizing
Process in the environment of the oxygen concentration in oxygen concentration is less than air, boats and ships gear case body blank is heated to surface shape
Become carburized layer；
(9) the boats and ships gear case body blank after carburizing is carried out Nitrizing Treatment, boats and ships gear case body blank is delivered to
In hermetic container and be passed through nitrogen, first will warm up 300 DEG C and keep 1h, be then heated to 410 DEG C of insulation 6h, finally heated extremely
540 DEG C insulation 1.8h, then stove be cooled to 180 DEG C again air cooling to room temperature；
(10) the boats and ships gear case body blank in step (9) is carried out Tempering and Quenching, by after Tempering and Quenching
Boats and ships gear case body blank is placed on lathe and carries out finish turning operation, and carry out finish-milling cut profile of tooth operation obtain boats and ships use
Gear case body finished product；
The concrete operations of Tempering and Quenching are: use normalizing and tempering to combine, a normalizing+double tempering, for the first time tempering
Temperature is more than second time temperature；Normalizing: normalizing temperature 450 DEG C, is incubated 10min after temperature；Tempering for the first time: use segmentation
Heating, first paragraph heating-up temperature is 240 DEG C, is incubated 15min after temperature, and second segment heating-up temperature is 450 DEG C, is incubated after temperature
9min, then air cooling carries out being tempered for the second time to room temperature；It is heated to 540 DEG C, after temperature, is incubated 15min；
(11) finished product obtained is carried out x-ray inspection, check qualified packaging to put in storage.
In addition to the implementation, the present invention can also have other embodiments.All employing equivalents or equivalent transformation shape
The technical scheme become, all falls within the protection domain of application claims.
Claims (5)
1. a boats and ships gear-box, it is characterised in that this gear case body includes following components: C by mass percentage:
0.20-0.23%, Si:3-5%, Fe:0.6-0.8%, Mg:5-7%, Zn:0.5-0.8%, Mn:0.1-0.3%, Cr:0.4-0.6%,
Ti:0.08-0.13%, Ni:0.8-1.0%, Nb:0.02-0.04%, V:0.01-0.03%, Cu≤0.2%, P≤0.03%, S≤
0.02%, rare earth: 0.01-0.04%, surplus is Al；
The component of described rare earth chemical composition by mass percentage is: La:18-23%, Sc:11-13%, Y:15-17%, Sm:20-
22%；Nd:18-21%, Ce:5-8%, Gd:8-12%, above each component sum is 100%；
Described boats and ships gear case body is prepared according to the following steps:
(1) boats and ships gear case body mould is made with molding sand and core sand for Modeling Material, before making casting mold, first to Modeling Materials
Molding sand in material is placed in baker dries；
(2) each composition of boats and ships gear case body being added hot smelting, obtain material liquid after all melting, temperature rises to 650-
720 DEG C of insulation 20-30min, then rise to 750-780 DEG C, and use rotary getter to use pure argon gas to carry out refine and remove
Gas, the alterant adding the mixing of Al-10Sr and Na salt after degasification in material liquid carries out Metamorphism treatment；
(3) by the mould of molding in the material liquid implantation step (1) after Metamorphism treatment, mould both sides arrange sprue and dispersion
Ingate, first pour into a mould during cast, when material liquid is about covered with mould half, both sides are injected simultaneously into, then after air cooling
The demoulding prepares boats and ships gear case body blank；
(4) the gear case body blank of the boats and ships in step (3) is heated at 300-350 DEG C, then with 20-26 DEG C/h
Speed insulation 1.5-2h when being cooled to 175 DEG C, then air cooling is to room temperature；
(5) boats and ships gear case body blank is carried out at strengthened shot peening；
(6) tank body blank is placed processing teeth groove on roughing tooth groove machine tool and carries out coarse milling profile of tooth operation；
(7) the gear case body blank of the boats and ships in step (6) is heated at 320-370 DEG C, then with 15-20 DEG C/h's
Speed is cooled to insulation 1-2h when 205 DEG C, and then air cooling is to room temperature；
(8) the boats and ships gear case body blank that will be cooled to room temperature is heated to 150-190 DEG C, then carries out Carburization Treatment, should
In the environment of Carburization Treatment oxygen concentration in oxygen concentration is less than air, boats and ships gear case body blank is heated to table
Face forms carburized layer；
(9) the boats and ships gear case body blank after carburizing is carried out Nitrizing Treatment, boats and ships gear case body blank is delivered to
In hermetic container and be passed through nitrogen, first will warm up 280-330 DEG C and keep 1h, be then heated to 410 DEG C of insulation 5-7h, finally add
Heat to 540 DEG C insulation 1.5-2h, then stove be cooled to 180 DEG C again air cooling to room temperature；
(10) the boats and ships gear case body blank in step (9) is carried out Tempering and Quenching, by after Tempering and Quenching
Boats and ships gear case body blank is placed on lathe and carries out finish turning operation, and carry out finish-milling cut profile of tooth operation obtain boats and ships use
Gear case body finished product；
(11) finished product obtained is carried out x-ray inspection, check qualified packaging to put in storage.
Boats and ships gear-box the most according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: the Tempering and Quenching carried out in step (10),
The concrete operations of described Tempering and Quenching are: use normalizing and tempering to combine, a normalizing+double tempering, for the first time tempering
Temperature is more than second time temperature；Normalizing: normalizing temperature 450 DEG C, is incubated 10min after temperature；Tempering for the first time: use segmentation
Heating, first paragraph heating-up temperature is 240 DEG C, is incubated 15min after temperature, and second segment heating-up temperature is 450 DEG C, is incubated after temperature
9min, then air cooling carries out being tempered for the second time to room temperature；It is heated to 540 DEG C, after temperature, is incubated 15min.
Boats and ships gear-box the most according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: this gear case body wraps by mass percentage
Include following components: C:0.20%, Si:3%, Fe:0.6%, Mg:5%, Zn:0.5%, Mn:0.1%, Cr:0.4%, Ti:0.08%, Ni:
0.8%, Nb:0.02%, V:0.01%, Cu≤0.2%, P≤0.03%, S≤0.02%, rare earth: 0.01%, surplus is Al；
The component of described rare earth chemical composition by mass percentage is: La:18%, Sc:12%, Y:15%, Sm:21%；Nd:18%,
Ce:5%, Gd:11%, above each component sum is 100%.
Boats and ships gear-box the most according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: this gear case body wraps by mass percentage
Include following components: C:0.23%, Si:5%, Fe:0.8%, Mg:7%, Zn:0.8%, Mn:0.3%, Cr:0.6%, Ti:0.13%, Ni:
1.0%, Nb:0.04%, V:0.03%, Cu≤0.2%, P≤0.03%, S≤0.02%, rare earth: 0.04%, surplus is Al；
The component of described rare earth chemical composition by mass percentage is: La:22%, Sc:11%, Y:15%, Sm:20%；Nd:18%,
Ce:6%, Gd:8%, above each component sum is 100%.
Boats and ships gear-box the most according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: this gear case body wraps by mass percentage
Include following components: C:0.21%, Si:4%, Fe:0.7%, Mg:6%, Zn:0.6%, Mn:0.2%, Cr:0.5%, Ti:0.09%, Ni:
0.9%, Nb:0.03%, V:0.02%, Cu≤0.2%, P≤0.03%, S≤0.02%, rare earth: 0.03%, surplus is Al；
The component of described rare earth chemical composition by mass percentage is: La:19%, Sc:13%, Y:16%, Sm:20%；Nd:18%,
Ce:5%, Gd:9%, above each component sum is 100%.
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| CN201610892211.XA CN106312478B (en) | 2016-10-13 | 2016-10-13 | A kind of ship gear-box |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN110270661A (en) * | 2019-07-23 | 2019-09-24 | 常熟市虹桥铸钢有限公司 | The casting method of part all-direction propeller gear-box peculiar to vessel |
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