CN106308900B - Lower limb multi-traction device - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses lower limb multi-traction devices, including mounting bracket, one end of mounting bracket is provided with perineum lever, it is provided with to adjust the height adjustment bracket of receipts or abduction in suffering limb in the other end of mounting bracket, the towing bracket that can be moved on mounting bracket is provided on mounting bracket, the distal femur pull needle fixed ring being sleeved on outside suffering limb is provided on towing bracket, be provided in distal femur pull needle fixed ring it is several to the mutually fixed distal femur pull needle of the distal femur of suffering limb.The present invention has the advantages of simple in structure, easy to operate and cost relative moderate.

Description

Multi-directional traction device for lower limbs

technical field

The invention relates to a retractor for orthopedic surgery, in particular to a multi-directional lower limb retractor for femur surgery.

Background technique

At present, when performing orthopedic surgery for femoral fracture correction to patients, it is necessary to carry out lateral traction and adduction and abduction adjustment to the patient's lower limbs. At present, the traction bed is used to carry out traction and adduction adjustment to the patient's affected limb, but the traction bed is not only complicated in structure, cumbersome to operate, but also expensive. Thereby urgently need to invent a kind of simple in structure, easy to operate and relatively cheap tractor.

Contents of the invention

The object of the present invention is to provide a lower limb multi-directional retractor with simple structure, convenient operation and relatively low cost.

In order to achieve the above object, the present invention adopts the following technical solution: the multi-directional tractor for lower limbs includes a mounting frame, a perineum bar is arranged at one end of the mounting frame, and a perineum lever is provided at the other end of the mounting frame to adjust the internal position of the affected limb. A retractable or abducted height adjustment bracket, a traction bracket that can move on the mounting bracket is set on the mounting bracket, and a distal femur traction pin fixing ring that is set outside the affected limb is set on the traction bracket, and the distal femur is pulled The needle fixing ring is provided with several distal femur traction pins for fixing with the distal femur of the affected limb.

Further, the aforementioned multi-directional lower limb retractor, wherein: the mounting frame is composed of a relatively movable primary mounting frame and a secondary mounting frame, the primary mounting frame is used to install the perineum bar, and the secondary mounting frame is used to The height adjustment bracket is installed and moved by the traction bracket. The first-level installation frame includes two first-level traction rails arranged in parallel, and the second-level installation frame includes two second-level traction rails corresponding to the first-level traction rails. The first-level installation frame moves relative to the first-level installation frame by inserting the second-level traction track into the corresponding first-level traction track, and is locked and fixed between the first-level installation frame and the second-level installation frame by a track locking mechanism.

Furthermore, in the aforementioned multi-directional traction device for lower limbs, wherein: the structure of the track locking mechanism is: on each primary traction track, a lock is vertically provided on the top of the insertion end where the corresponding secondary traction track is inserted. Tighten the bolt. When the locking bolt is tightened downward, the locking bolt can press the secondary traction track downward, so that the secondary traction track is fixed with the corresponding primary traction track, so that the secondary mounting frame and the primary traction track are fixed. The mounting frame is locked and fixed; when the locking bolt is loosened upward, the locking bolt will loosen the second traction track, so that the secondary traction track can move relative to the primary traction track, so that the primary mounting frame and the secondary mounting frame Can be moved relatively.

Further, the aforementioned multi-directional traction device for lower limbs, wherein: the top of each secondary traction track in the secondary mounting frame is respectively provided with a rack arranged along the length direction of the secondary traction track, and the lower part of the traction bracket A rotating shaft that is movable supported, one end of the rotating shaft protrudes from the traction bracket and is provided with a gear handle, and the two sides of the rotating shaft are respectively provided with gears that mesh with the corresponding racks on the same side, and the traction bracket is matched with the rack through the gears While moving on the secondary mounting bracket, a traction bracket check mechanism is also provided between the traction bracket and the secondary mounting bracket. When the traction bracket stops on the secondary mounting bracket, the traction bracket check mechanism can prevent the traction bracket from moving along The secondary traction rail moves towards the primary mounting frame.

Further, the aforementioned multi-directional lower limb retractor, wherein: the structure of the non-return mechanism of the traction bracket is: a ratchet is sheathed on the rotating shaft outside each gear, and the side wall of the traction bracket corresponding to each ratchet is A locking positioning rod is respectively worn on each locking positioning rod, and one end of each locking positioning rod is threaded with an adjusting nut, and the other end moves through the side wall of the corresponding traction bracket and is respectively fixed with a ratchet that can be just inserted into the corresponding ratchet. The positioning head in the groove is respectively sleeved with a spring on the corresponding locking positioning rod between each positioning head and the side wall of the traction bracket. The positioning head always has a tendency to be inserted into the ratchet groove on the corresponding ratchet under the elastic force of the spring. When the positioning head of the locking positioning rod is inserted into the ratchet groove on the corresponding ratchet, the ratchet can only move away from one side along the secondary traction track. One side of the first-level mounting frame rotates but cannot rotate to one side close to the first-level mounting frame, thereby preventing the traction bracket from moving to the first-level mounting frame along the secondary traction track.

Further, the aforementioned multi-directional retractor for lower limbs, wherein: the installation and connection mode of the distal femur traction pin fixing ring and the traction bracket is: the traction bracket is provided with an arc for inserting the distal femoral traction pin fixation ring downward into the traction bracket shaped installation groove, the distal femur traction pin fixing ring is inserted into the arc-shaped installation groove and can rotate relative to the traction bracket along the arc-shaped installation groove, and the traction bracket is also provided with a distal femur traction pin fixation ring that can be inserted into the traction bracket The fixing ring locking mechanism fixed with the traction bracket.

Further, the aforementioned multi-directional retractor for lower limbs, wherein: the structure of the locking mechanism of the fixed ring is: including a locking pin shaft, the locking pin shaft is composed of the front section of the pin shaft, the middle section of the pin shaft and the rear section of the pin shaft, The front section of the pin shaft and the rear section of the pin shaft are arranged concentrically, the middle section of the pin shaft is arranged eccentrically with a different axis from the front section of the pin shaft and the rear end of the pin shaft, and the locking pin shaft is movably inserted into the distal femur for traction The arc-shaped installation groove on one side of the needle fixing ring, and when the locking pin is inserted into the arc-shaped installation groove, the middle section of the locking pin shaft is just in the arc-shaped installation groove, on the middle section of the locking pin shaft The set is equipped with a wedge-shaped locking block located in the arc-shaped installation groove. When the locking pin shaft is rotated, the locking pin shaft can synchronously drive the wedge-shaped locking block to move inward through the middle section of the pin shaft to fix the traction pin at the distal end of the femur. The ring is pressed and fixed in the arc-shaped installation groove, or the wedge-shaped locking block is driven to move outward to loosen the distal femur traction pin fixing ring.

Through the implementation of the above technical solution, the present invention has the advantages of simple structure, convenient operation and relatively low cost.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is a structural schematic diagram of a multi-directional lower limb retractor according to the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a structural schematic diagram of the section A-A shown in FIG. 1 .

FIG. 3 is an enlarged schematic view of the H portion shown in FIG. 2 .

FIG. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of the section B-B shown in FIG. 1 .

FIG. 5 is an enlarged schematic view of a portion F shown in FIG. 4 .

FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of FIG. 1 .

Detailed ways

The present invention will be further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

As shown in Fig. 1, Fig. 2, Fig. 3, Fig. 4, Fig. 5, and Fig. 6, the multi-directional tractor for lower limbs includes a mounting frame, and one end of the mounting frame is provided with a perineum bar 1, and The other end is provided with a height-adjusting bracket 2 for adjusting the adduction or abduction of the affected limb, and a traction bracket 3 that can move on the mounting bracket is provided on the mounting bracket, and a femoral bone sheathed on the outside of the affected limb is arranged on the traction bracket 3. The far-end traction pin fixation ring 4 is provided with some distal femur traction pins for fixing with the distal femur of the affected limb on the distal femur traction pin fixation ring 4; The first-level installation frame 6 and the second-level installation frame 7 that can move relatively are composed, the first-level installation frame 6 is used for installing the perineal bar 1, and the second-level installation frame 7 is used for installing the height adjustment bracket 2 and for the traction bracket 3 to move, so The primary mounting frame 6 includes two primary traction rails 8 arranged in parallel, and the secondary mounting frame 7 includes two secondary traction rails 9 corresponding to the primary traction rails 8. The secondary mounting frame 7 passes through the The secondary traction track 9 is inserted into the corresponding primary traction track 8 and moves relative to the primary mounting frame 6, and is locked and fixed between the primary mounting frame 6 and the secondary mounting frame 7 by a track locking mechanism, so that it can pass Adjust the position between the first-level mounting frame 6 and the secondary mounting frame 7 to adjust the position of the traction bracket 3, and more conveniently pull the affected limb; in this embodiment, the structure of the track locking mechanism is: On each primary traction rail 8, the tops of the insertion ends for the corresponding secondary traction rails 9 to insert are vertically provided with locking bolts 10 respectively. Press the secondary traction rail 9, so that the secondary traction rail 9 is fixed with the corresponding primary traction rail 8, so that the secondary mounting frame 7 and the primary mounting frame 6 are locked and fixed; when the locking bolt is loosened upward At 10 o'clock, the locking bolt 10 can loosen the second traction track 9, so that the secondary traction track 9 can move relative to the primary traction track 8, so that the primary mounting frame 6 and the secondary mounting frame 7 can move relatively, and the above-mentioned track lock The tightening mechanism is simple in structure and easy to install and maintain; in this embodiment, a rack 11 arranged along the length direction of the secondary traction track is installed on the top of each secondary traction track 9 in the secondary mounting frame 7, A rotating shaft 12 is movably supported at the bottom of the traction bracket 3. One end of the rotating shaft 12 protrudes from the traction bracket 3 and is provided with a gear handle 13. The two sides of the rotating shaft 12 are respectively sleeved with racks 11 corresponding to the same side. gear 14, the traction bracket 3 moves on the secondary mounting frame 7 through the cooperation of the gear 14 and the rack 11, and a traction bracket non-return mechanism is also arranged between the traction bracket 3 and the secondary mounting frame 7, when the traction bracket 3 When stopping on the secondary mounting frame 7, the traction bracket non-return mechanism can prevent the traction frame 3 from moving to the primary mounting frame along the secondary traction track. Easy maintenance; in the present embodiment, the structure of the traction bracket non-return mechanism is: a ratchet 15 is sleeved on the rotating shaft 12 outside each gear 14, and each ratchet 15 pairs A locking positioning rod 16 is respectively worn on the side walls of the corresponding traction brackets 3, and one end of each locking positioning rod 16 is threadedly provided with an adjusting nut 17, and the other end moves through the side walls of the corresponding traction brackets 3 respectively. A positioning head 18 that can just be inserted into the ratchet groove of the corresponding ratchet 15 is fixed, and a spring 19 is respectively sleeved on the corresponding locking positioning rod 16 between each positioning head 18 and the side wall of the traction bracket 3, and the spring 19 The two ends of each are against the corresponding positioning head 18 and the side wall of the traction bracket 3, each positioning head 18 has a tendency to be inserted into the ratchet groove on the corresponding ratchet 15 under the elastic force of the spring 19, when the locking positioning rod 16 When the positioning head 18 is inserted into the ratchet groove on the corresponding ratchet 15, the ratchet 15 can only rotate along the secondary traction track 9 to the side away from the primary mounting frame 6 and cannot rotate to the side close to the primary mounting frame 6, thereby preventing The traction bracket 3 moves to the first-level installation frame 6 along the secondary traction track 9; when it is necessary to move the traction bracket 3 to the first-level installation frame 6 along the secondary traction track 9, it is only necessary to lock the positioning rod 16 through the adjustment nut 17. Dial outward until the positioning head 18 breaks away from the ratchet groove of the corresponding ratchet 15, and now the traction bracket 3 can move to the primary installation frame 6 along the secondary traction track 9; the non-return mechanism of the traction bracket is simple in structure and easy to install and maintain; In this embodiment, the installation and connection mode of the distal femur traction pin fixing ring 4 and the traction bracket 3 is as follows: the traction bracket 3 is provided with an arc-shaped installation groove for the distal femur traction pin fixation ring 4 to be inserted downward into the traction bracket , the distal femur traction pin fixing ring 4 is inserted into the arc-shaped installation groove and can rotate relative to the traction bracket 3 along the arc-shaped installation groove, and the traction pin at the distal end of the femur that can be inserted into the traction bracket 3 is also provided on the traction bracket 3 Ring 4 and traction bracket 3 fixed ring locking mechanism, the above-mentioned distal femur traction pin fixed ring 4 and traction bracket 3 installation and connection method is simple in structure, easy to install and maintain; in this embodiment, the fixed ring The structure of the locking mechanism is: comprising a locking pin shaft 20, the locking pin shaft 20 is composed of a front section of the pin shaft, a middle section of the pin shaft and a rear section of the pin shaft, the front section of the pin shaft and the rear section of the pin shaft are coaxially arranged, The middle section of the pin shaft is eccentrically arranged with a different axis from the front section of the pin shaft and the rear end of the pin shaft. When the pin shaft 20 is inserted into the arc-shaped mounting groove, the middle section of the pin shaft of the locking pin shaft 20 is just located in the arc-shaped mounting groove, and the wedge-shaped wedge positioned in the arc-shaped mounting groove is sleeved on the pin shaft middle section of the locking pin shaft 20 . The locking block 21, when the locking pin 20 is rotated, the locking pin 20 can synchronously drive the wedge-shaped locking block 21 to move inward through the middle section of the pin shaft to compress and fix the traction pin fixing ring 4 at the distal end of the femur on the arc. or drive the wedge-shaped locking block 21 to move outwards to loosen the distal femur traction pin fixing ring 4, the above-mentioned fixing ring locking mechanism has a simple structure and is easy to install and maintain;

The working principle of the present invention is as follows:

First put the patient on the side on the operating bed, then set the distal femur traction pin fixing ring 4 of the retractor on the patient's affected limb, then drill the distal femoral traction pin 5 into the distal femur of the affected limb, and then pass the steel The pin fixing clip fixes the distal femoral traction pin 5 on the distal femoral traction pin fixing ring 4, and then when the locking pin shaft 20 is rotated, the locking pin shaft 20 synchronously drives the wedge-shaped locking block 21 inward through the middle section of the pin shaft. Move to press and fix the distal femur traction pin fixing ring 4 in the arc-shaped installation groove, so that the distal femur traction pin fixing ring 4 is fixed on the traction bracket 3, so that the distal femur of the affected limb is in phase with the traction bracket 3 Fix; then loosen the locking bolt 10 so that the first mounting frame 6 and the second mounting frame 7 can move relative to each other, and then move the first mounting frame 6 until the perineal bar 1 touches the patient's perineum, and then tighten it Tighten the bolt 10 to fix the first mounting frame 6 and the second mounting frame 7 together; then turn the gear handle 13 to the side away from the primary mounting frame 6, and synchronously drive the gear 14 and the ratchet 15 to move away from the primary mounting frame 6 rotates on one side, thereby driving the traction bracket 3 away from the primary mounting frame along the secondary traction track 9, thereby stretching and pulling the affected limb; when the fracture reduction operation of the affected limb is required, the locking pin can be reversely rotated first shaft 20, so that the locking pin shaft 20 drives the wedge-shaped locking block 21 to move outward to loosen the distal femur traction pin fixing ring 4, and then rotate the distal femur traction pin fixing ring 4, thereby rotating and pulling the affected limb. Restore the fracture, and then rotate the locking pin 20 in a positive direction, so that the distal femoral traction pin fixing ring 4 is fixed to the traction bracket 3; 3 to adjust the height, and then adjust the adduction or abduction of the affected limb. The invention has the advantages of simple structure, convenient operation and relatively low manufacturing cost.

Claims (6)

1. The multi-directional traction device for lower limbs is characterized in that: it comprises a mounting frame, a perineum bar is arranged at one end of the mounting frame, and a height adjustment bracket for adjusting the adduction or abduction of the affected limb is arranged at the other end of the mounting frame. The mounting frame is provided with a traction bracket that can move on the mounting frame, and the traction bracket is provided with a distal femur traction pin fixing ring that is sleeved on the outside of the affected limb, and a number of traction pin fixing rings are provided on the distal femur for connecting with the affected limb. The distal femur traction pin fixed to the distal femur of the affected limb. The mounting frame is composed of a relatively movable primary mounting frame and a secondary mounting frame. Used to install the height adjustment bracket and move the traction bracket, the first-level installation frame includes two first-level traction rails arranged in parallel, and the second-level installation frame includes two second-level traction rails corresponding to the first-level traction rails The secondary mounting frame moves relative to the primary mounting frame by inserting the secondary traction rail into the corresponding primary traction rail, and is locked and fixed between the primary mounting frame and the secondary mounting frame by a track locking mechanism. 2. The multi-directional traction device for lower limbs according to claim 1, characterized in that: the structure of the track locking mechanism is: the top of the insertion end of each primary traction track for the insertion of the corresponding secondary traction track Locking bolts are vertically arranged respectively. When the locking bolts are tightened downward, the locking bolts can press the secondary traction track downwards, so that the secondary traction track is fixed to the corresponding primary traction track, so that the secondary traction track is fixed. The first-level mounting frame is locked and fixed with the first-level mounting frame; when the locking bolt is loosened upward, the locking bolt will loosen the second traction track, so that the second-level traction track can move relative to the first-level traction track, so that the first-level installation The frame and the secondary mounting frame can move relative to each other. 3. The multi-directional traction device for lower limbs according to claim 1, characterized in that: the top of each secondary traction track in the secondary mounting frame is respectively provided with a toothed rack arranged along the length direction of the secondary traction track , a shaft that is movably supported at the lower part of the traction bracket, one end of the shaft protrudes from the traction bracket and is provided with a gear handle, and the two sides of the shaft are respectively provided with gears that mesh with the corresponding racks on the same side, and the traction bracket passes through The gear and the rack are matched to move on the secondary mounting frame. There is also a traction frame non-return mechanism between the traction frame and the secondary mounting frame. When the traction frame stops on the secondary mounting frame, the traction frame will stop The mechanism can prevent the traction bracket from moving to the primary installation frame along the secondary traction track. 4. The multi-directional tractor for lower limbs according to claim 3, characterized in that: the structure of the non-return mechanism of the traction bracket is: a ratchet is sleeved on the rotating shaft outside each gear, and each ratchet A locking positioning rod is respectively pierced on the side wall of the corresponding traction bracket. One end of each locking positioning rod is threaded with an adjusting nut, and the other end moves through the side wall of the corresponding traction bracket. Insert the positioning head into the ratchet groove of the corresponding ratchet, and set a spring on the corresponding locking positioning rod between each positioning head and the side wall of the traction bracket. On the side wall of the bracket, each positioning head always has a tendency to be inserted into the ratchet groove on the corresponding ratchet under the elastic force of the spring. When the positioning head of the locking positioning rod is inserted into the ratchet groove on the corresponding ratchet, the ratchet can only move along the two The first-level traction track rotates away from the side of the first-level installation frame and cannot rotate toward the side close to the first-level installation frame, thereby preventing the traction bracket from moving to the first-level installation frame along the second-level traction track. 5. The multidirectional retractor for lower limbs according to claim 1, characterized in that: the distal femur traction pin fixing ring and the traction bracket are installed and connected in the following manner: the traction bracket is provided with a ring for the femur distal traction pin to fix. Insert into the arc-shaped installation groove of the traction bracket, the distal femur traction needle fixing ring is inserted into the arc-shaped installation groove and can rotate relative to the traction bracket along the arc-shaped installation groove, and the femur that can be inserted into the traction bracket is also arranged on the traction bracket. The fixing ring locking mechanism of the far-end traction needle fixing ring is fixed with the traction bracket. 6. The multi-directional traction device for lower limbs according to claim 5, characterized in that: the structure of the locking mechanism of the fixed ring is: comprising a locking pin, the locking pin consists of the front section of the pin shaft, the middle section of the pin shaft and The rear section of the pin shaft is composed of the front section of the pin shaft and the rear section of the pin shaft are coaxially arranged, the middle section of the pin shaft is eccentrically arranged with a different axis from the front section of the pin shaft and the rear end of the pin shaft, and the locking pin shaft Insert it into the arc-shaped installation groove on one side of the traction pin fixing ring at the distal end of the femur, and when the locking pin is inserted into the arc-shaped installation groove, the middle section of the locking pin shaft is just in the arc-shaped installation groove. The middle section of the pin shaft of the shaft is fitted with a wedge-shaped locking block located in the arc-shaped installation groove. When the locking pin shaft is rotated, the locking pin shaft can synchronously drive the wedge-shaped locking block to move inward through the middle section of the pin shaft to move the femur far away. The traction pin fixing ring at the distal end of the femur is compressed and fixed in the arc-shaped installation groove or the wedge-shaped locking block is driven to move outward to loosen the traction pin fixing ring at the distal femur.