CN106305782A - Method for preventing and removing Achnatherum inebrians-endophytic fungi symbiont by virtue of chemical agent - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention provides a method for controlling the symbionts of Drunken Horseweed-endophytic fungi with chemical agents. The steps are as follows: (1) The first preparation and spraying of the herbicide: select 41% glyphosate isopropylamine salt and dilute with water , add soap powder, and spray the stems and leaves of Drunken Horse Grass; (2) Preparation and spraying of fungicides: After spraying the herbicide, spray thiophanate-methyl fungicide on the stems and leaves of Drunken Horse Grass; (3 ) Herbicide preparation and spraying for the second time: After spraying the fungicide, spray the herbicide again, choose 41% glyphosate isopropylamine salt, dilute with water, add soap powder, and treat the stems and leaves of Drunken Horse Grass To spray. In the process of controlling Drunken Horseweed, fungicides are added for the first time to be used together, just considering that endophytic fungi have more beneficial effects on the growth of Drunken Horseweed host. The method of the invention is simple in operation, low in cost and good in control effect, provides a more practical method for the control of Drunken Horseweed, and has high application value.

Description

A method for chemical agent control of drunken horse grass-endophytic fungus symbiont

technical field

The invention belongs to the technical field of prevention and control of poisonous weed disasters in natural grasslands, and in particular relates to a method for controlling Drunken Horseweed-endophytic fungus symbiosis by using a combination of herbicides and fungicides.

Background technique

Achnatherum inebrians is a perennial gramineous plant of the genus Achnatherum and one of the main poisonous weeds in natural grasslands in northern China. Drunken horse grass is widely distributed in Gansu, Xinjiang, Inner Mongolia, Qinghai, Tibet, Ningxia, Sichuan, Shaanxi and other provinces and regions. Drunken horse grass has the advantages of cold resistance, disease resistance, and drought tolerance, and domestic animals do not eat it, so it has a greater advantage in the interspecific competition of degraded grassland communities, making it an important species in arid and semi-arid alpine grasslands in my country. The area continues to expand, and Drunken Horse Grass has gradually become the local dominant population in some provinces (regions), and has gradually become one of the main limiting factors for the development of grass industry and the construction of ecological environment.

Grass endophytic fungi ( Epichloë ) are a group of fungi that parasitize the cool-season grasses of Poaceae Poaceae without showing any external symptoms. The parasitism of this type of endophytic fungi can significantly improve the Resilience to biotic and abiotic stresses. The test found that the endophytic fungus carrier rate of Drunken Horse Grass in my country's natural grassland is as high as 90%, and the carrier rate in some areas is nearly 100%. In recent years, studies have found that the infection of endophytic fungi is directly related to the excellent resistance of Drunken Horse Grass to biotic and abiotic stresses. Toxic main active ingredient. Therefore, effective control of Drunken Horse Grass-endophytic fungal symbionts needs to take into account the mutualistic symbiosis system of the two.

The traditional control methods of Drunken Horse Grass are mainly manual removal, plowing and small-scale chemical control. Manual extraction is not only time-consuming and labor-intensive, but also the current labor cost is high, it is difficult to apply in the current social and economic conditions, and the effect of extraction is not obvious. Deep plowing is also a method that was once chosen by some areas. Although this method reduces labor costs, it also increases mechanical costs virtually, which is not conducive to large areas of natural grassland and areas that cannot be reached by machinery; at the same time, this deep Turnover can easily destroy the stability of the local ecosystem and cause soil degradation of some natural grasslands. Chemical control was once considered to be the most effective method, and regional trials were carried out in some areas, but the role of endophytic fungi inside it did not attract the attention of researchers, and the one-sided use of a large amount of herbicides not only failed to achieve ideal results And it is easy to cause drug residue. At present, a more feasible method has not been found to control this drunken horseweed-endophytic fungal symbiont.

Contents of the invention

The invention provides a method for controlling and eliminating the symbiosis of horseweed-endophytic fungi by using a combination of herbicide and fungicide. The present invention combines the joint effect of herbicide and fungicide to effectively prevent the spread of Drunken Horse Grass-endophytic fungal symbiont in natural grassland, and establishes a set of feasible control system, which is also for other weeds-microbial symbionts. provide reference for prevention and control.

The present invention provides a kind of method of chemical medicament preventing and eliminating drunken horseweed-endophytic fungus symbiont, the steps are as follows:

(1) The first preparation and spraying of herbicide: choose 41% glyphosate isopropylamine salt, dilute with water, add soap powder, and spray the stems and leaves of Drunken Horse Grass;

(2) Preparation and spraying of fungicide: 3 days after spraying the herbicide, spray thiophanate-methyl fungicide, dilute the fungicide with water, and then spray the stems and leaves of Drunken Horse Grass;

(3) The second preparation and spraying of herbicide: 3 days after spraying the fungicide, spray the herbicide again, choose 41% glyphosate isopropylamine salt, dilute with water, add soap powder, to treat drunk horses Spray the grass stems and leaves.

As a preference, in step (1), when the population density of Drunken Horseweed is 4.13±0.29 plants/m ² , the spraying concentration is 3.0-4.5kg 41% glyphosate isopropylamine salt+1.0-1.5kg Soap powder/ha; when the population density is adjusted, increase or decrease the spraying concentration according to the adjustment ratio.

As a preference, in step (2), when the population density of Drunken Horseweed is 4.13±0.29 plants/m ² , the concentration during spraying is 1.5-3.0 kg/ha; when the population density is adjusted, increase or decrease according to the adjustment ratio Spray concentration.

As a preference, in step (3), when the population density of Drunken Horseweed is 4.13±0.29 plants/m ² , the spraying concentration is 4.5kg 41% glyphosate isopropylamine salt + 1.5kg soap powder/ha ; When the population density is adjusted, increase or decrease the spraying concentration according to the adjustment ratio.

As a further preference, the Drunken Horse Grass is Drunken Horse Grass at the greening stage, booting stage or mature stage.

Preferably, the drunken horse grass is the green horse grass.

The beneficial effects of the inventive method are:

(1) The present invention discloses a method for controlling Drunken Horseweed-endophytic fungal symbionts, taking the Drunken Horseweed community growing in the natural grassland in Yuzhong, Gansu as the research object, through continuous spraying of herbicide-fungicide-herbicide The method can form a better control effect on Drunken Horse Grass, and the concentration of herbicide and fungicide is respectively: [3.0-4.5kg (glyphosate isopropylamine salt) +1.0-1.5kg (soap powder)]/ha , 1.5-3.0kg (thiophanate-methyl)/ha, [4.5kg (isopropylamine glyphosate) +1.5kg (soap powder)]/ha;

(2) The present invention adds fungicides for the first time in the process of controlling Drunken Horseweed, just considering that endophytic fungi have more beneficial effects on the growth of Drunken Horseweed host. The method of the invention is simple in operation, low in cost and good in control effect, provides a more practical method for the control of Drunken Horseweed, and has high application value.

detailed description

The following examples facilitate a better understanding of the present invention, but do not limit the present invention. The experimental methods in the following examples are conventional methods unless otherwise specified. The test materials used in the following examples are commercially available unless otherwise specified.

A method for chemical medicament prevention and control of drunken horseweed-endophytic fungal symbiont, the steps are as follows:

A. The preparation and spraying of the herbicide use 41% glyphosate isopropylamine salt, dilute it with water to about 60 times of liquid, and add a certain amount of soap powder as an auxiliary agent at the same time, and use a sprayer to treat drunk horses in various periods in sunny weather. Spray the grass stems and leaves. The spraying concentration is: [3.0-4.5kg (41% glyphosate isopropylamine salt) +1.0-1.5kg (soap powder)]/ha. The purpose of using herbicides in the first step is not only to kill some of the weaker-growing Drunken Horseweed, but also to destroy the cell wall and cell membrane permeability of Drunken Horseweed, paving the way for the next step of using fungicides.

B. Preparation of fungicide and its spraying In the first step, thiophanate-methyl fungicide was sprayed 3 days after the herbicide was sprayed. Select 70% thiophanate-methyl, dilute 800 times with water, and use the same sprayer to spray the stems and leaves of Drunken Horse Grass. Application concentration: 1.5-3.0kg/ha. The purpose of using the fungicide in the second step is mainly to use the wounds formed by the herbicide in the first step on Drunken Horse Grass, and use a strong systemic fungicide to kill the endophytic fungus in Drunken Horse Grass and destroy its relationship with Drunken Horse Grass. The mutualistic symbiotic relationship formed reduces its protective effect on the host Drunken Horse Grass.

C. Herbicide preparation and spraying 3 days after spraying the fungicide in the second step, use the same glyphosate isopropylamine salt as the first step to spray the stems and leaves of Drunken Horse Grass again to achieve complete eradication The purpose of drunk horse grass. The spraying concentration is: [4.5kg (41% glyphosate isopropylamine salt) +1.5kg (soap powder)]/ha. After killing the endophytic fungi in the previous step and destroying the symbiotic system of Drunken Horseweed-endophytic fungi, the remaining Drunken Horseweed was sprayed twice with herbicides to achieve a more thorough effect.

The spraying effect is: it can remove 98.08±0.43% - 99.59±0.18% of Drunken Horse Grass.

The applicant studies the spraying of Drunken Horse Grass in the greening stage, booting stage and mature stage respectively, and finds that the controlling effect is the best in the greening stage, followed by the booting stage and the mature stage (Table 1).

Table 1

Note: 1. The area of this application is 20m×50m;

2. The formula for calculating the control effect of plants is: (total number of plants per plot - number of dead plants)/total number of plants per plot × 100%.

Example 1

A method for chemical medicament control of drunken horseweed-endophytic fungal symbiont mainly comprises the following steps:

A. The preparation of herbicide and its spraying use 41% glyphosate isopropylamine salt, dilute it with water to about 100 times liquid, add a certain amount of soap powder as an auxiliary agent at the same time, choose sunny weather to use a sprayer to treat drunken horses at the seedling stage The upper part of the grass is sprayed, and the spraying concentration is: [3.0kg (41% glyphosate isopropylamine salt) + 1.0kg (soap powder)]/ha.

B. Preparation and spraying of fungicides Spray thiophanate-methyl fungicide 3 days after spraying herbicides in the first step. Choose 70% thiophanate-methyl, dilute it with water 800 times, use the same sprayer to spray, and the application concentration is: 1.5kg/ha.

C. Herbicide preparation and spraying 3 days after spraying the fungicide in the second step, spray again with 41% glyphosate isopropylamine salt to achieve the goal of completely eradicating Drunken Horseweed. The spraying concentration is the same as the first step: [4.5kg (41% glyphosate isopropylamine salt)+1.5kg (soap powder)]/ha. After 5-7 days of spraying, drunk horse grass can basically be completely eliminated.

The effect of spraying is: it can remove 99.59±0.18% of Drunken Horse Grass.

Example 2

The difference between the method of this embodiment and that of Example 2 is that the Drunken Horseweed plant at the booting stage is selected as the extermination object.

Described first step herbicide, auxiliary agent and concentration thereof are: herbicide is 41% glyphosate isopropylamine salt, auxiliary agent is soap powder, and application concentration is [4.5kg (41% glyphosate isopropylamine salt) +1.5kg (soap powder)]/ha;

The second-step fungicide is: the fungicide is 70% thiophanate-methyl, and the application concentration is: 3.0kg/ha;

Described 3rd step herbicide, auxiliary agent and concentration thereof are: herbicide is 41% glyphosate isopropylamine salt, and auxiliary agent is soap powder, and application concentration is [4.5kg (41% glyphosate isopropylamine salt) +1.5kg (soap powder)]/ha.

All the other steps are the same as in Example 1.

The spraying effect is: it can remove 99.18±0.23% of Drunken Horse Grass.

Example 3

The difference between the method of this embodiment and that of Example 2 is that the Drunken Horseweed plant in the mature stage is selected as the extermination object.

Described first step herbicide, auxiliary agent and concentration thereof are: herbicide is 41% glyphosate isopropylamine salt, auxiliary agent is soap powder, and application concentration is [4.5kg (41% glyphosate isopropylamine salt) +1.5kg (soap powder)]/ha;

The second-step fungicide is: the fungicide is 70% thiophanate-methyl, and the application concentration is: 3.0kg/ha;

Described 3rd step herbicide, auxiliary agent and concentration thereof are: herbicide is 41% glyphosate isopropylamine salt, and auxiliary agent is soap powder, and application concentration is [4.5kg (41% glyphosate isopropylamine salt) +1.5kg (soap powder)]/ha.

All the other steps are the same as in Example 1.

The spraying effect is: it can remove 98.08±0.43% of Drunken Horse Grass.

In the present invention, the population density of Drunken Horseweed mentioned is 4.13±0.29 strains/m ² , and the concentrations of the above herbicides and fungicides are applied based on this, and in other areas, the population density of Drunken Horseweed should be appropriately increased according to the local Drunken Horseweed population density. Reduce the concentration of herbicides and fungicides.

Finally, it should be noted that: the above is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and is not intended to limit the present invention. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, for those skilled in the art, it still The technical solutions recorded in the foregoing embodiments may be modified, or some technical features thereof may be equivalently replaced. Any modifications, equivalent replacements, improvements, etc. made within the spirit and principles of the present invention shall be included within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims (6)

1. the method that a chemical agent prevents and kill off Herba oxytropis glabrae-endogenetic fungus homobium, it is characterised in that: step is as follows:

(1) first time of herbicide prepares and sprays: select 41% glyphosate isopropyl amine salt, is watered dilution, adds soap powder, to liquor-saturated Herba Setariae Plicatae leaves and stems sprays；

(2) preparation of antibacterial and spraying: after herbicide spraying, spray Cercobinm, thiophanate methyl is killed After microbial inoculum is watered dilution, Herba oxytropis glabrae leaves and stems is sprayed；

(3) second time of herbicide is prepared and sprays: after spraying antibacterial, and herbicide spraying again selects 41% glyphosate different Propylamine salt, is watered dilution, adds soap powder, sprays Herba oxytropis glabrae leaves and stems.

Method the most according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: in step (1), when Herba oxytropis glabrae population density be 4.13 ± 0.29 strain/m²Time, described in concentration when spraying be 3.0-4.5kg 41% glyphosate isopropyl amine salt+1.0-1.5kg soap powder/hectare； When population density adjusts, according to adjusting sliding scale spraying concentration.

Method the most according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: in step (2), when Herba oxytropis glabrae population density be 4.13 ± 0.29 strain/m²Time, described in concentration when spraying be 1.5-3.0kg/ha；When population density adjusts, according to adjusting sliding scale spray Execute concentration.

Method the most according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: in step (3), when Herba oxytropis glabrae population density be 4.13 ± 0.29 strain/m²Time, described in concentration when spraying be 4.5kg 41% glyphosate isopropyl amine salt+1.5kg soap powder/hectare；Population density During adjustment, according to adjusting sliding scale spraying concentration.

5. according to the arbitrary described method of claim 1-4, it is characterised in that: described Herba oxytropis glabrae is period of seedling establishment, boot stage or one-tenth The Herba oxytropis glabrae of ripe phase.

Method the most according to claim 5, it is characterised in that: described Herba oxytropis glabrae is the Herba oxytropis glabrae of period of seedling establishment.