CN106304877A - Method for improving kaline soil by planting chicory - Google Patents
Method for improving kaline soil by planting chicory Download PDFInfo
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- CN106304877A CN106304877A CN201610624192.2A CN201610624192A CN106304877A CN 106304877 A CN106304877 A CN 106304877A CN 201610624192 A CN201610624192 A CN 201610624192A CN 106304877 A CN106304877 A CN 106304877A
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- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 76
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 17
- 241000723343 Cichorium Species 0.000 title abstract 4
- 235000007542 Cichorium intybus Nutrition 0.000 title abstract 4
- 239000003337 fertilizer Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 43
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 34
- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 30
- 241000193830 Bacillus <bacterium> Species 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 241000894006 Bacteria Species 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 241000196324 Embryophyta Species 0.000 claims description 21
- 229910052500 inorganic mineral Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 13
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims description 13
- 239000011707 mineral Substances 0.000 claims description 13
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 claims description 13
- 229930192734 Avilamycin Natural products 0.000 claims description 12
- 239000004190 Avilamycin Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- XIRGHRXBGGPPKY-OTPQUNEMSA-N [(2r,3s,4r,6s)-6-[(2'r,3's,3ar,4r,4'r,6s,7ar)-6-[(2s,3r,4r,5s,6r)-2-[(2r,3s,4s,5s,6s)-6-[(2r,3as,3'ar,6'r,7r,7's,7ar,7'ar)-7'-acetyl-7'-hydroxy-6'-methyl-7-(2-methylpropanoyloxy)spiro[4,6,7,7a-tetrahydro-3ah-[1,3]dioxolo[4,5-c]pyran-2,4'-6,7a-dihydro-3ah- Chemical compound O([C@H]1[C@H](O)C[C@@H](O[C@@H]1C)O[C@H]1[C@H](O)CC2(O[C@]3(C)C[C@@H](O[C@H](C)[C@H]3O2)O[C@H]2[C@@H](OC)[C@@H](C)O[C@H]([C@@H]2O)O[C@H]2[C@H](O)[C@H](OC)[C@H](OC3[C@@H]([C@@H]4O[C@]5(O[C@H]4CO3)[C@@H]3OCO[C@H]3[C@@](O)([C@@H](C)O5)C(C)=O)OC(=O)C(C)C)O[C@@H]2COC)O[C@@H]1C)C(=O)C1=C(C)C(Cl)=C(O)C(Cl)=C1OC XIRGHRXBGGPPKY-OTPQUNEMSA-N 0.000 claims description 12
- 229960005185 avilamycin Drugs 0.000 claims description 12
- 235000019379 avilamycin Nutrition 0.000 claims description 12
- 238000003306 harvesting Methods 0.000 claims description 12
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- 239000000575 pesticide Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- 238000009331 sowing Methods 0.000 claims description 12
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- 235000013956 Lactobacillus acidophilus Nutrition 0.000 claims description 11
- 240000004808 Saccharomyces cerevisiae Species 0.000 claims description 11
- 235000014680 Saccharomyces cerevisiae Nutrition 0.000 claims description 11
- 230000001580 bacterial effect Effects 0.000 claims description 11
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 claims description 11
- 230000000813 microbial effect Effects 0.000 claims description 11
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- 235000014469 Bacillus subtilis Nutrition 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000010828 animal waste Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 244000144980 herd Species 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000010902 straw Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000000855 fermentation Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 230000004151 fermentation Effects 0.000 claims description 7
- QTBSBXVTEAMEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetic acid Chemical compound CC(O)=O QTBSBXVTEAMEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
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- 235000011201 Ginkgo Nutrition 0.000 claims description 6
- 244000194101 Ginkgo biloba Species 0.000 claims description 6
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- 239000003513 alkali Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 235000001014 amino acid Nutrition 0.000 claims description 6
- 150000001413 amino acids Chemical class 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910021538 borax Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000004021 humic acid Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- FPYJFEHAWHCUMM-UHFFFAOYSA-N maleic anhydride Chemical compound O=C1OC(=O)C=C1 FPYJFEHAWHCUMM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000003415 peat Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000002367 phosphate rock Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000011505 plaster Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 229920000747 poly(lactic acid) Polymers 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000004626 polylactic acid Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 210000000582 semen Anatomy 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910052624 sepiolite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- 235000019355 sepiolite Nutrition 0.000 claims description 6
- 235000010339 sodium tetraborate Nutrition 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000004328 sodium tetraborate Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000000052 vinegar Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 235000021419 vinegar Nutrition 0.000 claims description 6
- 241000194107 Bacillus megaterium Species 0.000 claims description 5
- 241000187438 Streptomyces fradiae Species 0.000 claims description 5
- FAPWRFPIFSIZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium chloride Chemical compound [Na+].[Cl-] FAPWRFPIFSIZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000011780 sodium chloride Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 241000193388 Bacillus thuringiensis Species 0.000 claims description 3
- 229940097012 bacillus thuringiensis Drugs 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 235000013305 food Nutrition 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000009333 weeding Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- FGUUSXIOTUKUDN-IBGZPJMESA-N C1(=CC=CC=C1)N1C2=C(NC([C@H](C1)NC=1OC(=NN=1)C1=CC=CC=C1)=O)C=CC=C2 Chemical compound C1(=CC=CC=C1)N1C2=C(NC([C@H](C1)NC=1OC(=NN=1)C1=CC=CC=C1)=O)C=CC=C2 FGUUSXIOTUKUDN-IBGZPJMESA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 241000223259 Trichoderma Species 0.000 claims 1
- 244000144987 brood Species 0.000 claims 1
- 229960005486 vaccine Drugs 0.000 claims 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 abstract description 10
- 201000010099 disease Diseases 0.000 abstract description 5
- 208000037265 diseases, disorders, signs and symptoms Diseases 0.000 abstract description 5
- 241000607479 Yersinia pestis Species 0.000 abstract description 4
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 abstract description 4
- 230000035558 fertility Effects 0.000 abstract description 4
- IBSREHMXUMOFBB-JFUDTMANSA-N 5u8924t11h Chemical compound O1[C@@H](C)[C@H](O)[C@@H](OC)C[C@@H]1O[C@@H]1[C@@H](OC)C[C@H](O[C@@H]2C(=C/C[C@@H]3C[C@@H](C[C@@]4(O3)C=C[C@H](C)[C@@H](C(C)C)O4)OC(=O)[C@@H]3C=C(C)[C@@H](O)[C@H]4OC\C([C@@]34O)=C/C=C/[C@@H]2C)/C)O[C@H]1C.C1=C[C@H](C)[C@@H]([C@@H](C)CC)O[C@]11O[C@H](C\C=C(C)\[C@@H](O[C@@H]2O[C@@H](C)[C@H](O[C@@H]3O[C@@H](C)[C@H](O)[C@@H](OC)C3)[C@@H](OC)C2)[C@@H](C)\C=C\C=C/2[C@]3([C@H](C(=O)O4)C=C(C)[C@@H](O)[C@H]3OC\2)O)C[C@H]4C1 IBSREHMXUMOFBB-JFUDTMANSA-N 0.000 abstract description 2
- 239000005660 Abamectin Substances 0.000 abstract description 2
- 241000238631 Hexapoda Species 0.000 abstract description 2
- 229950008167 abamectin Drugs 0.000 abstract description 2
- 210000003608 fece Anatomy 0.000 abstract description 2
- 230000001976 improved effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 2
- 238000009335 monocropping Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 239000003814 drug Substances 0.000 abstract 4
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- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 description 15
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 14
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- -1 Maifanitum Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
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- 238000009825 accumulation Methods 0.000 description 4
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- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 description 3
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- 238000005056 compaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000002786 root growth Effects 0.000 description 2
- FRXSZNDVFUDTIR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 6-methoxy-1,2,3,4-tetrahydroquinoline Chemical compound N1CCCC2=CC(OC)=CC=C21 FRXSZNDVFUDTIR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 241001136249 Agriotes lineatus Species 0.000 description 1
- 241001124076 Aphididae Species 0.000 description 1
- 241000208838 Asteraceae Species 0.000 description 1
- 241000193755 Bacillus cereus Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000017166 Bambusa arundinacea Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000017491 Bambusa tulda Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- BVKZGUZCCUSVTD-UHFFFAOYSA-L Carbonate Chemical compound [O-]C([O-])=O BVKZGUZCCUSVTD-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 235000007516 Chrysanthemum Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 240000005250 Chrysanthemum indicum Species 0.000 description 1
- 102000004190 Enzymes Human genes 0.000 description 1
- 108090000790 Enzymes Proteins 0.000 description 1
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- 240000008415 Lactuca sativa Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000003228 Lactuca sativa Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 241001465754 Metazoa Species 0.000 description 1
- 240000002853 Nelumbo nucifera Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000006508 Nelumbo nucifera Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000006510 Nelumbo pentapetala Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 244000082204 Phyllostachys viridis Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000015334 Phyllostachys viridis Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- FKNQFGJONOIPTF-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sodium cation Chemical compound [Na+] FKNQFGJONOIPTF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfur Chemical compound [S] NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000003213 activating effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000003044 adaptive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000011425 bamboo Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
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- 230000004071 biological effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- OSGAYBCDTDRGGQ-UHFFFAOYSA-L calcium sulfate Chemical compound [Ca+2].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O OSGAYBCDTDRGGQ-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 150000001768 cations Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 235000009508 confectionery Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000000354 decomposition reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007812 deficiency Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010612 desalination reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000796 flavoring agent Substances 0.000 description 1
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- 230000035784 germination Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910001385 heavy metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000005556 hormone Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229940088597 hormone Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 239000003864 humus Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000036737 immune function Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002401 inhibitory effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000010871 livestock manure Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002068 microbial inoculum Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000013336 milk Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000008267 milk Substances 0.000 description 1
- 210000004080 milk Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 239000002366 mineral element Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002715 modification method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002969 morbid Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000005645 nematicide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000010899 nucleation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 235000021049 nutrient content Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000016709 nutrition Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 230000035764 nutrition Effects 0.000 description 1
- 235000008935 nutritious Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 244000045947 parasite Species 0.000 description 1
- 230000000704 physical effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010298 pulverizing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910001415 sodium ion Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000002688 soil aggregate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002681 soil colloid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011593 sulfur Substances 0.000 description 1
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Classifications
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01B—SOIL WORKING IN AGRICULTURE OR FORESTRY; PARTS, DETAILS, OR ACCESSORIES OF AGRICULTURAL MACHINES OR IMPLEMENTS, IN GENERAL
- A01B79/00—Methods for working soil
- A01B79/02—Methods for working soil combined with other agricultural processing, e.g. fertilising, planting
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05B—PHOSPHATIC FERTILISERS
- C05B13/00—Fertilisers produced by pyrogenic processes from phosphatic materials
- C05B13/02—Fertilisers produced by pyrogenic processes from phosphatic materials from rock phosphates
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05G—MIXTURES OF FERTILISERS COVERED INDIVIDUALLY BY DIFFERENT SUBCLASSES OF CLASS C05; MIXTURES OF ONE OR MORE FERTILISERS WITH MATERIALS NOT HAVING A SPECIFIC FERTILISING ACTIVITY, e.g. PESTICIDES, SOIL-CONDITIONERS, WETTING AGENTS; FERTILISERS CHARACTERISED BY THEIR FORM
- C05G3/00—Mixtures of one or more fertilisers with additives not having a specially fertilising activity
- C05G3/60—Biocides or preservatives, e.g. disinfectants, pesticides or herbicides; Pest repellants or attractants
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05G—MIXTURES OF FERTILISERS COVERED INDIVIDUALLY BY DIFFERENT SUBCLASSES OF CLASS C05; MIXTURES OF ONE OR MORE FERTILISERS WITH MATERIALS NOT HAVING A SPECIFIC FERTILISING ACTIVITY, e.g. PESTICIDES, SOIL-CONDITIONERS, WETTING AGENTS; FERTILISERS CHARACTERISED BY THEIR FORM
- C05G3/00—Mixtures of one or more fertilisers with additives not having a specially fertilising activity
- C05G3/80—Soil conditioners
Landscapes
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Pest Control & Pesticides (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Soil Sciences (AREA)
- Plant Pathology (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Environmental Sciences (AREA)
- Fertilizers (AREA)
- Agricultural Chemicals And Associated Chemicals (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a method for improving kaline soil by planting chicory. The method is characterized in that a drainage ditch is dug; a salt discharging pipe is laid; a planting layer containing organic medicine fertilizers applicable to kaline soil improvement is covered; the chicory is planted for improving the kaline soil. The physical, chemical and biological methods are used for integrally improving the kaline soil; the salt discharge is performed through measures of ditch digging, salt discharging pipe arrangement and the like; salt return is prevented; the salt content and the pH value of the kaline soil are reduced through acid chemical substances in organic medicine fertilizers; the soil fertility is increased through organic medicine fertilizer and chicory planting and pasture livestock faeces; the soil structure is improved; the special ingredients in organic medicine fertilizers applicable to kaline soil improvement, such as abamectin and bacillus, harmful bacteria can be inhibited; pests can be killed; the effects of preventing diseases, treating the diseases, preventing and controlling the insect pest and preventing the continuous cropping on the planted crops can be ensured.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to alkaline land improving technical field, specifically, relate to a kind of utilization and plant Herba Cichorii improvement salt-soda soil
Method.
Background technology
Salt-soda soil major part is relevant with the accumulation of the carbonate in soil, and basicity is the highest, serious salt affected soil
Regional plant is little to existence.Salt-soda soil, during utilizing, briefly, can be divided into light salt-soda soil, moderate saline-alkali soil
And heavy saline.Light salt-soda soil refers to it emerge very likely, and salinity is below 3/1000ths；Heavy saline refers to it
Salinity is more than 6/1000ths, and emergence rate is less than 50%, and moisture in soil pH value, more than 8.5, causes soil compaction, to crop
Root system has inhibitory action, makes crop not grow or grows unhealthy；Moderate saline-alkali soil is the most therebetween.For salt-soda soil
Improvement, chemical method has preferable effect, and chemical modifying applies some acid salts substances to improve salt-soda soil
Character, reduces the acid-base value of soil, increases the cation replacement ability of soil, reduces the salinity of soil, strengthen in soil micro-
The biological activity with enzyme, promotes plant root growth.Improve the physical property of soil, increase soil aggregate, coordinate soil
Liquid manure gas heat, increases soil fertility.But chemical modifying easily causes chemical composition residual, so, biological modification method becomes
The main flow in market, traditional biological control measure improvement salt-soda soil, i.e. use plant improvement salt-soda soil, easy to implement the method, economic effect
Benefit is notable.Biological control measure can gradually change the physical characteristic of soil, makes Soil structure change, and quality becomes loose, thoroughly
Gas and water storage capacity strengthen.Therefore, it is desirable to provide a kind of utilization is planted salt-tolerant plant and can promote that varieties in saline-alkali areas is planted
The Chemical Mixed Fertilizer synergism of thing growth, reaches the transformation to salt-soda soil by this Fertilizer combination plant growing, not only can change
Good local soil environment, moreover it is possible to bring economic benefit.Herba Cichorii is the Important Economic crop in salinization of soil seriously area, saline and alkaline in China
Change area and there is wide popularizing planting future.
Summary of the invention
The present invention seeks to for deficiency of the prior art and defect, it is provided that a kind of collection physics, chemistry and bioanalysis one
The method utilizing plantation Herba Cichorii improvement salt-soda soil of body.
Technical solution of the present invention is as follows:
The method utilizing plantation Herba Cichorii improvement salt-soda soil, comprises the following steps:
A. carry out ditching in salt-soda soil, form discharge conduit and growing area；Metalling is laid, on metalling at growing area
Salt discharging pipe is laid in portion, covers the soil being mixed with the organic medical fertilizer being applicable to alkaline land improving on salt discharging pipe top, forms plantation layer；
B. before sowing: plantation layer depth is turned over, level land, ridging, and carry out presprouting of seeds；
C. sowing and final singling: sowing is at the top on ridge, and double ridge plantings can the sowing of size row；After emerging between first and second
Final singling after Seedling；
D. field daily management: note after final singling irrigating in real time, topdress, weeding；
E. harvesting: plant can be gathered in after growing to 50 centimetres, the harvesting height for the stubble left is 5～10 centimetres, later every 25～
Harvesting in 30 days once, imposes, after harvesting, the organic medical fertilizer being applicable to alkaline land improving every time；
F. herd: after emerging 3～can herd for 4 months, complete to search for food in 10～15 days, prescind plant after herding residual
Body, with 10～15 centimetres of toothings of height, herds after 30～35 days again；
G. results: the results when ground temperature drops to 0～2 DEG C, dig out fleshy tap root, pre-cooling 2～store sth. in a cellar after 3 days or freezer storage；
Wherein, step e and described step f may select one of them step and carry out, it is possible to selects two steps alternately.
Herba Cichorii: Compositae, life in 2 years to perennial herbaceous plant, softens Herba Cichorii gemmule with the white or scarlet color of its milk,
Micro-bitter with sweet local flavor, to crisp to tender mouthfeel, and become the noble in vegetable；Herba Cichorii has extremely strong resistance, cold-resistant, right
The Acidity of Aikalinity adaptive faculty of soil is stronger.
Preferably, the described organic medical fertilizer being applicable to alkaline land improving is by microbial bacterial agent, dreg fertilizer, plant
Property pesticide, mineral and acid improvement liquid be 1.8～2.2:75～85:6～8:7～9:2～4 compositions in mass ratio, most preferably
Ratio is 2:80:7:8:3；Described microbial bacterial agent include mass ratio be 0.8～1.2:0.8～1.2:0.8～1.2:0.8～
The azotobacter chroococcum of 1.2:0.8～1.2:0.1～0.3:0.1～0.3:0.1～0.3, Trichoderma viride, muscardine, huge spore
Bacillus, streptomyces fradiae, bacillus thuringiensis, it is 1 addicted to salt alkalophilic bacillus and gel-shaped bacillus, most preferably mass ratio:
1:1:1:1:0.2:0.2:0.2；Described dreg fertilizer is 38～42:28～32:8～12:8～12:4～6 by mass ratio:
Avilamycin dreg, animal wastes, furfur, sawdust, straw and the peat composed of rotten mosses of 4～6 contains through adding one kilogram by fertilizer per ton
The mixing mycopowder of bacillus subtilis, saccharomyces cerevisiae and bacillus acidophilus carries out solid fermentation and makes, and its most preferably mass ratio is
40:30:10:10:5:5；Described botanical pesticide include mass ratio be 22～26:12～16:18～22:12～16:12～
16:12～16de Semen Ricini, Folium Persicae, Folium Ginkgo, Herba Xanthii, Pericarpium Zanthoxyli and Fructus Capsici, wherein most preferred ratio is 24:14:20:14:14:
14；Described mineral include mass ratio be 1.8～2.2:0.8～1.2:0.8～1.2:0.8～1.2:0.8～1.2:0.8～
1.2de desulfurated plaster, Borax, meerschaum, Maifanitum, calcite and rock phosphate in powder, its most preferably mass ratio is 2:1:1:1:1:1；
Described acid improvement liquid includes that mass ratio is 18～22:27～33:18～the humic acids of 22:8～12:8～12:8～12, vinegar
Grain, polylactic acid, maleic anhydride, pyroligneous acid and aminoacid, its most preferably mass ratio is 20:30:20:10:10:10.
Described microbial bacterial agent includes azotobacter chroococcum, Trichoderma viride, muscardine, bacillus megaterium, Freund strepto-
Bacterium, bacillus thuringiensis, addicted to salt alkalophilic bacillus and gel-shaped bacillus；Above-mentioned microbial inoculum directly participates in the shape of soil fertility
Become, including the conversion of matter and energy in soil, the formation of humus and decomposition, the release of nutrient, nitrogen fixing etc., can
To improve soil compaction, excite soil vitality, it is provided that the hormone of extra natural plants growth and antibiotic, in suppression soil
Fungus and nematicide and plant root pest and disease damage, fundamentally decrease the usage amount of pesticide, improve the quality of crop and agricultural product.
Described dreg fertilizer is by avilamycin dreg, animal wastes, furfur, sawdust, straw, the peat composed of rotten mosses, hay spore
Bacillus, saccharomyces cerevisiae and bacillus acidophilus make；Wherein bacillus subtilis, saccharomyces cerevisiae and bacillus acidophilus are used to upper
Stating component and carry out solid fermentation, avilamycin dreg is mainly the thalline of Abamectin producing bacterium, nutritious, and containing a small amount of
Avilamycin can be used to parasite killing, and other component mainly provides the various nutrition needed for plant growing；
Described botanical pesticide includes Semen Ricini, Folium Persicae, Folium Ginkgo, Herba Xanthii, Pericarpium Zanthoxyli and Fructus Capsici；Combinations thereof is broadcast after pulverizing
Being spread in soil can the subterranean pest-insect such as control of grubs, Gryllotalpa, wireworm, aphid；
Described mineral includes desulfurated plaster, Borax, meerschaum, Maifanitum, calcite and rock phosphate in powder；Mineral takes off
Sulfur Gypsum Fibrosum can improve alkali-affected soil, can suppress outside the accumulation of salt in the surface soil of salt-soda soil after mixing with other mineral, provides required to crop
Nutrient, can adsorb heavy metal in soil, morbid substance, balanced soil nutrient, activate soil vitality, promote crop new old generation
Thank, improve crop resistance and immunologic function；
Described acid improvement liquid includes humic acids, vinegar, polylactic acid, maleic anhydride, pyroligneous acid, aminoacid；Acidity changes
Good liquid can replace, sodium ion in activating soil colloid and other mineral elements, can improve rapidly salt-soda soil, improve soil
Earth crumb structure, improves water conservation fertilizer-preserving ability, improves crop disease-resistant, drought resisting, anti-adversity ability.
Preferably, it is 1 that described bacillus subtilis, saccharomyces cerevisiae and bacillus acidophilus mixes its mass ratio in mycopowder:
1:1。
Preferably, in described plantation layer, the ratio of the organic medical fertilizer that mixing is applicable to alkaline land improving is every mu 1～2
Ton.
Preferably, it is provided with stalk layer between described metalling and described salt discharging pipe.
Preferably, described discharge conduit scrapes out grid-like around plantation layer.
Preferably, described salt discharging pipe both ends open, to discharge conduit salt discharge aqueous alkali.
Owing to have employed technique scheme, beneficial effects of the present invention is as follows:
The present invention uses physics, chemistry, bioanalysis comprehensive improvement salt-soda soil, by ditching, disposes the measures such as salt discharging pipe to arrange
Salt also prevents the accumulation of salt in the surface soil；Salinity and the pH value in salt-soda soil is reduced by the acid chemical in organic medical fertilizer；Pass through organic medical fertilizer
Plantation with Herba Cichorii and the excrement of animals herded, to increase soil fertility, improve Soil structure；Because it is peculiar in organic medical fertilizer
Component, as avilamycin and bacillus cereus etc. can suppress harmful bacteria and kill insect, it is ensured that the crop tool to plantation
Have prevent and cure diseases, pest control, effect of anti-continuous cropping.
Detailed description of the invention
Below in conjunction with embodiment, the present invention is expanded on further.
Embodiment one, the plantation of Herba Cichorii
A. treat the salt-soda soil of desalination every long 500 meters, wide 5 meters carry out ditching, form discharge conduit and growing area；Planting
Plant 10 centimetres of metallings of laying in the middle of district and prevent the accumulation of salt in the surface soil, lay salt discharging pipe on metalling top, can implement when needing to irrigate salt discharge；
Between metalling top and salt discharging pipe, lay the stalk layer of a layer 3～5 centimetres, be mixed with in the covering of salt discharging pipe top and be applicable to salt
The soil of the organic medical fertilizer of alkali ground improvement, every mu of organic medical fertilizer added is 1～2 ton, forms plantation layer；
B. prepare before sowing: broadcast first 3～5 days, use sufficient the base fertilizer in step a.Deep plough wholely, tilling depth 25～30 centimetres, whole
Grading ground.By 40～50 cm distance ridgings when broadcasting single ridge, ridge is high 15～17 centimetres；Rise by 80～90 cm distance when broadcasting double ridge
Ridge, ridge is high 12～15 centimetres, and makes 10～15 meters of long furrow；Dry in the sun seed 2～3 days simultaneously, then with 1～the little Su of 2%
Fetch water and soak seed 12～24 hours, 20～25 DEG C of accelerating germination in wet gauze after rinsing well；
C. sowing and final singling: can sow when ground temperature reaches 8～10 DEG C, live every mu needs seed 120～150 grams, live
Type of seeding is Root growth, waits line-spacing 40 centimetres, sows the top on ridge；Double ridge plantings can be sowed by size row, little line-spacing 30
Centimetre；First draw 0.5 centimetre of deep ditch with bamboo pole；Seed is held in hands, in ditch, twist with the fingers seed with two fingers, push away gently with hoe
Flat；Water the most immediately, do not go here and there ridge, do not cover top；Water a water before emerging, after emerging, water fixed an of water again；Chrysanthemum
Thinning for the first time when lettuce 2～3 leaves, during 4～5 leaves, second time thinning, removes sick and weak Seedling, suitably extends；Final singling during 7～9 leaves,
17 centimetres of spacing in the rows single file sowing, 19 centimetres of double row sowing, every mu is stayed Seedling 8500～10000 strain；
D. daily management after field planting: water a seedling recovering water, water with backsight soil moisture content for after final singling 4～5 days；The lotus throne later stage, root
Strain enters expanding stage, and every mu chases after and is applicable to the organic medical fertilizer 1 of alkaline land improving～2 times, topdresses and to carry out in conjunction with watering；After final singling
Weeding 1～2 times in time, to control aerial growth, promote that root is expanded；
E. harvesting: plant can be gathered in after growing to 50 centimetres, the harvesting height for the stubble left is 5～10 centimetres, later every 25～
Harvesting in 30 days once, imposes, after harvesting, the organic medical fertilizer being applicable to alkaline land improving every time；
F. herd: after emerging 3～can herd for 4 months, complete to search for food in 10～15 days, prescind plant after herding residual
Body, with 10～15 centimetres of toothings of height, herds after 30～35 days again；
G. results: the results when ground temperature drops to 0～2 DEG C, dig out fleshy tap root, pre-cooling 2～store sth. in a cellar after 3 days or freezer storage.
Embodiment two, be applicable to the production of the organic medical fertilizer of alkaline land improving
A. by azotobacter chroococcum, Trichoderma viride, muscardine, bacillus megaterium, streptomyces fradiae, Su Yun gold spore bar
Bacterium, carry out fermentation culture addicted to salt alkalophilic bacillus and gel-shaped bacillus according to respective condition of culture, and cultured products is dense
Division is from making dry powder, and 0.8:0.8:0.8:1.2:1.2:0.3:0.3:0.1 in mass ratio mixes to obtain microbial bacterial agent 18 kilograms；
B. choose that the animal wastes that locality is readily obtained are dried, the straw of various plant is pulverized, by avilamycin after drying
Dreg be dried to water content be 40%～45%, then with avilamycin dreg, animal wastes, furfur, sawdust, straw and the peat composed of rotten mosses
Mass ratio be 38:28:8:12:6:6 mixing, by fertilizer per ton add one kilogram containing bacillus subtilis, saccharomyces cerevisiae and
The mixing mycopowder (mass ratio of bacillus subtilis, saccharomyces cerevisiae and bacillus acidophilus is 1:1:1) of bacillus acidophilus carries out solid
Body ferments about 20 days, and the turning of 3 to 5 days periods once, prepares fertilizer 832 kilograms；
The deployed Semen Ricini of 22:12:18:16:16:16 the most in mass ratio, Folium Persicae, Folium Ginkgo, Herba Xanthii, Pericarpium Zanthoxyli and Fructus Capsici, mill
Broken and mix, prepare botanical pesticide 60 kilograms；
1.8:0.8:0.8:1.2:1.2:1.2 the most in mass ratio is by desulfurated plaster, Borax, meerschaum, Maifanitum, calcite
Mix with rock phosphate in powder, grinds powder, be combined into mineral 70 kilograms；
E. it is 18:27 in mass ratio by humic acids, vinegar, polylactic acid, maleic anhydride, pyroligneous acid and aminoacid each component:
18:12:12:12 mixes, and prepares improvement liquid 20 kilograms；
F. by microbial bacterial agent 18 kilograms obtained as above, fertilizer 832 kilograms, botanical pesticide 60 kilograms, mineral
70 kilograms of mixings, then on above-mentioned mixing product, uniformly spray acid improvement liquid 20 kilograms, mix homogeneously i.e. can get one ton
It is applicable to the organic medical fertilizer of alkaline land improving；
G. pelletize or direct packaging.
Embodiment three, be applicable to the production of the organic medical fertilizer of alkaline land improving
A. by azotobacter chroococcum, Trichoderma viride, muscardine, bacillus megaterium, streptomyces fradiae, Su Yun gold spore bar
Bacterium, carry out fermentation culture addicted to salt alkalophilic bacillus and gel-shaped bacillus according to respective condition of culture, and cultured products is dense
Division is from making dry powder, and 1.2:1.2:1.2:0.8:0.8:0.1:0.1:0.3 in mass ratio mixes to obtain microbial bacterial agent 22 kilograms；
B. choose that the animal wastes that locality is readily obtained are dried, the straw of various plant is pulverized, by avilamycin after drying
Dreg be dried to water content be 40%～45%, then with avilamycin dreg, animal wastes, furfur, sawdust, straw and the peat composed of rotten mosses
Mass ratio be 42:32:12:8:4:4 mixing, by fertilizer per ton add one kilogram containing bacillus subtilis, saccharomyces cerevisiae and
The mixing mycopowder (mass ratio of bacillus subtilis, saccharomyces cerevisiae and bacillus acidophilus is 1:1:1) of bacillus acidophilus carries out solid
Body ferments about 20 days, and the turning of 3 to 5 days periods once, prepares fertilizer 768 kilograms；
The deployed Semen Ricini of 26:16:22:12:12:12 the most in mass ratio, Folium Persicae, Folium Ginkgo, Herba Xanthii, Pericarpium Zanthoxyli and Fructus Capsici, mill
Broken and mix, prepare botanical pesticide 80 kilograms；
2.2:1.2:1.2:0.8:0.8:0.8 the most in mass ratio is by desulfurated plaster, Borax, meerschaum, Maifanitum, calcite
Mix with rock phosphate in powder, grinds powder, be combined into mineral 90 kilograms；
E. it is 22:33 in mass ratio by humic acids, vinegar, polylactic acid, maleic anhydride, pyroligneous acid and aminoacid each component:
22:8:8:8 mixes, and prepares improvement liquid 40 kilograms；
F. by microbial bacterial agent 22 kilograms obtained as above, fertilizer 768 kilograms, botanical pesticide 80 kilograms, mineral
90 kilograms of mixings, then on above-mentioned mixing product, uniformly spray acid improvement liquid 40 kilograms, mix homogeneously i.e. can get one ton
It is applicable to the organic medical fertilizer of alkaline land improving；
G. pelletize or direct packaging.
Embodiment four, be applicable to the production of the organic medical fertilizer of alkaline land improving
A. by azotobacter chroococcum, Trichoderma viride, muscardine, bacillus megaterium, streptomyces fradiae, Su Yun gold spore bar
Bacterium, carry out fermentation culture addicted to salt alkalophilic bacillus and gel-shaped bacillus according to respective condition of culture, and cultured products is dense
Division is from making dry powder, and 1:1:1:1:1:0.2:0.2:0.2 in mass ratio mixes to obtain microbial bacterial agent 20 kilograms；
B. choose that the animal wastes that locality is readily obtained are dried, the straw of various plant is pulverized, by avilamycin after drying
Dreg be dried to water content be 40%～45%, then with avilamycin dreg, animal wastes, furfur, sawdust, straw and the peat composed of rotten mosses
Mass ratio be 40:30:10:10:5:5 mixing, by fertilizer per ton add one kilogram containing bacillus subtilis, saccharomyces cerevisiae and
The mixing mycopowder of bacillus acidophilus carries out solid fermentation about 20 days, and the turning of 3 to 5 days periods once, prepares fertilizer 800 public
Jin；
The deployed Semen Ricini of 24:14:20:14:14:14 the most in mass ratio, Folium Persicae, Folium Ginkgo, Herba Xanthii, Pericarpium Zanthoxyli and Fructus Capsici, mill
Broken and mix, prepare botanical pesticide 70 kilograms；
Desulfurated plaster, Borax, meerschaum, Maifanitum, calcite and rock phosphate in powder are mixed by 2:1:1:1:1:1 the most in mass ratio
Close, grinds powder, be combined into mineral 80 kilograms；
D. it is 20:30 in mass ratio by humic acids, vinegar, polylactic acid, maleic anhydride, pyroligneous acid and aminoacid each component:
20:10:10:10 mixes, and prepares improvement liquid 30 kilograms；
E. by microbial bacterial agent 20 kilograms obtained as above, fertilizer 800 kilograms, botanical pesticide 70 kilograms, mineral
80 kilograms of mixings, then on above-mentioned mixing product, uniformly spray acid improvement liquid 30 kilograms, mix homogeneously i.e. can get one ton
It is applicable to the organic medical fertilizer of alkaline land improving；
F. pelletize or direct packaging.
Embodiment five, reclamation result
The test of the Herba Cichorii plantation alkaline land soil improved effect that planting base, Weifang littoral area is carried out, before test, soil contains
Salt amount 0.44%, pH value 9.2, plantation Herba Cichorii records salinity 0.03%, pH value 7.3 after 2 years.Other index is shown in Table 1.
Soil nutrient content change after table 1 fertilising
Should be understood that these embodiments are merely to illustrate the present invention rather than limit the scope of the present invention.In addition, it is to be understood that
After having read the content that the present invention lectures, the present invention can be made various changes or modifications by those skilled in the art, these
The equivalent form of value falls within the application appended claims limited range equally.
Claims (7)
1. the method utilizing plantation Herba Cichorii improvement salt-soda soil, it is characterised in that comprise the following steps:
A. carry out ditching in salt-soda soil, form discharge conduit and growing area；Lay metalling at growing area, spread on metalling top
If salt discharging pipe, cover the soil being mixed with the organic medical fertilizer being applicable to alkaline land improving on salt discharging pipe top, form plantation layer；
B. before sowing: plantation layer depth is turned over, level land, ridging, and carry out presprouting of seeds；
C. sowing and final singling: sowing is at the top on ridge, and double ridge plantings can the sowing of size row；After emerging after first and second thinning
Final singling；
D. field daily management: note after final singling irrigating in real time, topdress, weeding；
E. harvesting: plant can be gathered in after growing to 50 centimetres, the harvesting height for the stubble left is 5～10 centimetres, later every 25～30 days
Harvesting once, imposes, after harvesting, the organic medical fertilizer being applicable to alkaline land improving every time；
F. herd: after emerging 3～can herd for 4 months, complete to search for food in 10～15 days, after herding, prescind plant residue, with
Highly 10～15 centimetres toothings, herd after 30～35 days again；
G. results: the results when ground temperature drops to 0～2 DEG C, dig out fleshy tap root, pre-cooling 2～store sth. in a cellar after 3 days or freezer storage；
Described step e and described step f may select one of them step and carry out, it is possible to selects two steps alternately.
2. the method utilizing plantation Herba Cichorii improvement salt-soda soil as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that be applicable to saline and alkaline described in:
The organic medical fertilizer of ground improvement is by quality by microbial bacterial agent, dreg fertilizer, botanical pesticide, mineral and acid improvement liquid
Ratio is 1.8～2.2:75～85:6～8:7～9:2～4 composition；Described microbial bacterial agent includes that mass ratio is 0.8～1.2:0.8
～the azotobacter chroococcum of 1.2:0.8～1.2:0.8～1.2:0.8～1.2:0.1～0.3:0.1～0.3:0.1～0.3, green
Trichoderma spp., muscardine, bacillus megaterium, streptomyces fradiae, bacillus thuringiensis, addicted to salt alkalophilic bacillus and gel-shaped brood cell's bar
Bacterium；Described dreg fertilizer is 38～42:28～32:8 by mass ratio～the avilamycin dreg of 12:8～12:4～6:4～6,
Animal wastes, furfur, sawdust, straw and the peat composed of rotten mosses are through containing bacillus subtilis, saccharomyces cerevisiae and bacillus acidophilus's mixed vaccine
Powder carries out solid fermentation and makes；Described botanical pesticide include mass ratio be 22～26:12～16:18～22:12～16:12～
The Semen Ricini of 16:12～16, Folium Persicae, Folium Ginkgo, Herba Xanthii, Pericarpium Zanthoxyli and Fructus Capsici；Described mineral includes that mass ratio is 1.8～2.2:
0.8～1.2:0.8～1.2:0.8～the desulfurated plaster of 1.2:0.8～1.2:0.8～1.2, Borax, meerschaum, Maifanitum, side
Xie Shi and rock phosphate in powder；Described acid improvement liquid includes that mass ratio is 18～22:27～33:18～22:8～12:8～12:8～12
Humic acids, vinegar, polylactic acid, maleic anhydride, pyroligneous acid and aminoacid.
3. the method utilizing plantation Herba Cichorii improvement salt-soda soil as claimed in claim 2, it is characterised in that: described bacillus subtilis
It is 1:1:1 that bacterium, saccharomyces cerevisiae and bacillus acidophilus mix its mass ratio in mycopowder.
4. the method utilizing plantation Herba Cichorii improvement salt-soda soil as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that: mixed in described plantation layer
The suitable ratio for the organic medical fertilizer of alkaline land improving is 1～2 ton every mu.
5. the method utilizing plantation Herba Cichorii improvement salt-soda soil as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that: described metalling and institute
State and between salt discharging pipe, be provided with stalk layer.
6. the method utilizing plantation Herba Cichorii improvement salt-soda soil as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that: described discharge conduit encloses
Scrape out grid-like around plantation layer.
7. the method utilizing plantation Herba Cichorii improvement salt-soda soil as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that: described salt discharging pipe two ends
Opening, to discharge conduit salt discharge aqueous alkali.
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| CN108293625A (en) * | 2018-01-31 | 2018-07-20 | 潍坊友容实业有限公司 | Sandy method salt-soda soil plantation timothy grass and improve clay fertilizer situation |
| CN109362268A (en) * | 2018-10-17 | 2019-02-22 | 深圳市万卉园景观工程有限公司 | Utilize the method in plantation seashore paspalum improvement salt-soda soil |
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| CN108156874A (en) * | 2017-12-28 | 2018-06-15 | 潍坊友容实业有限公司 | Plant naringi crenulata and the method for improveing clay fertilizer situation in strand sandyization salt-soda soil |
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| CN108293625A (en) * | 2018-01-31 | 2018-07-20 | 潍坊友容实业有限公司 | Sandy method salt-soda soil plantation timothy grass and improve clay fertilizer situation |
| CN109362268A (en) * | 2018-10-17 | 2019-02-22 | 深圳市万卉园景观工程有限公司 | Utilize the method in plantation seashore paspalum improvement salt-soda soil |
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