CN106300974B - A kind of non-isolated high step-up ratio DC converter of modified and control method - Google Patents
A kind of non-isolated high step-up ratio DC converter of modified and control method Download PDFInfo
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- CN106300974B CN106300974B CN201610878041.XA CN201610878041A CN106300974B CN 106300974 B CN106300974 B CN 106300974B CN 201610878041 A CN201610878041 A CN 201610878041A CN 106300974 B CN106300974 B CN 106300974B
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Classifications
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
- H02M3/00—Conversion of DC power input into DC power output
- H02M3/02—Conversion of DC power input into DC power output without intermediate conversion into AC
- H02M3/04—Conversion of DC power input into DC power output without intermediate conversion into AC by static converters
- H02M3/10—Conversion of DC power input into DC power output without intermediate conversion into AC by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode
- H02M3/145—Conversion of DC power input into DC power output without intermediate conversion into AC by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal
- H02M3/155—Conversion of DC power input into DC power output without intermediate conversion into AC by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only
- H02M3/156—Conversion of DC power input into DC power output without intermediate conversion into AC by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only with automatic control of output voltage or current, e.g. switching regulators
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
- H02M1/00—Details of apparatus for conversion
- H02M1/32—Means for protecting converters other than automatic disconnection
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
- H02M1/00—Details of apparatus for conversion
- H02M1/0003—Details of control, feedback or regulation circuits
- H02M1/0038—Circuits or arrangements for suppressing, e.g. by masking incorrect turn-on or turn-off signals, e.g. due to current spikes in current mode control
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
- Y02E10/50—Photovoltaic [PV] energy
- Y02E10/56—Power conversion systems, e.g. maximum power point trackers
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Power Engineering (AREA)
- Dc-Dc Converters (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of non-isolated high step-up ratio DC converter of modified and control methods, including input power, the input power anode connects two branches, the one end of the first branch by first capacitor, first diode connection load capacitance, second branch is by the first inductance, the other end of the second capacitance connection load capacitance；Second capacitor is connect by the second diode with power cathode, and second the junction of diode and power cathode connect by a switching tube with the tie point of the first inductance and the second capacitor, third diode is just being connected between the tie point and first capacitor and the tie point of first diode；The one or both ends of load capacitance are provided with filter inductance.The present invention can effectively inhibit current spike, and system robustness is good, dynamic response is rapid.It has broad application prospects in the boosting of photovoltaic DC-to-AC converter prime.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of non-isolated high step-up ratio DC converter of modified and control methods.
Background technique
In photovoltaic generating system, photovoltaic battery panel is the component for converting the solar into electric energy, and output voltage is general
Between 25V~45V, far below DC voltage needed for gird-connected inverter.It is grid-connected in order to meet under traditional approach
Required voltage, the input that generally muti-piece photovoltaic battery panel is connected as inverter.But due to the difference of photovoltaic battery panel
The factors such as what property, partial phantom blocked, cause the output energy of photovoltaic array to substantially reduce.
In recent years, to solve the problems, such as that photovoltaic battery panel series connection output power is low, more and more scholars propose to use light
Lie prostrate input of the solar panel parallel connection as system.Since the output voltage of photovoltaic battery panel is far below grid-connected required DC voltage,
So the DC converter of a high step-up ratio is needed to increase the voltage of the output of photovoltaic battery panel.Traditional boosting electricity
There are Boost circuit, three level Boost circuits etc. in road, but in high step-up ratio, and switching tube duty ratio close to 1, imitate by converter
Rate is low.
In isolated application, the transformer that the high turn ratio can be selected realizes high step-up ratio, but transformer leakage inductance is big, can produce
Raw biggish peak voltage, increases device switch stress, and reduce efficiency.Using multistage boosting knot in non-isolation type converter
Structure is also able to achieve high step-up ratio, but system effectiveness is the product of stage efficiency, therefore overall efficiency will receive limitation.Utilize switch
Capacitance network realizes that high step-up ratio is a kind of effective measures, but it has very big dash current, easy generating device damage, electricity
The problems such as magnetic poor compatibility.
The prior art usually combines excellent more controllable than high and non-isolation type output voltage of Switching capacitors voltage transmission
Point, is combined, basic ideas are as follows: insertion switch capacitor is turned off device in switching tube, charged using inductance in parallel for it；
During switch conduction, capacitor is together in series and is powered to the load, to improve the step-up ratio of converter, reduces duty ratio, drop
Low switch pipe ripple current and cut-off current, improve efficiency.When capacitor series connection powers to the load, equivalent circuit is more overvoltage
Source-series, impedance loop is very small, can generate peak current, influences system control and Electro Magnetic Compatibility.
Summary of the invention
The present invention to solve the above-mentioned problems, proposes a kind of non-isolated high step-up ratio DC converter of modified and control
Method processed, the present invention efficiently solve the problems, such as current spike, and on this basis by introducing a filter inductance in the loop
Using peak value comparison method, the stability contorting to the output voltage of system is realized.
To achieve the goals above, the present invention adopts the following technical scheme:
A kind of non-isolated high step-up ratio DC converter of modified, including input power, the input power anode connect
Two branches, the one end of the first branch by first capacitor, first diode connection load capacitance are connect, second branch passes through first
The other end of inductance, the second capacitance connection load capacitance；
Second capacitor is connect by the second diode with power cathode, and the connection of the second diode and power cathode
Place is connect by a switching tube with the tie point of the first inductance and the second capacitor, the tie point and first capacitor and the one or two
Third diode is just being connected between the tie point of pole pipe；
The one or both ends of load capacitance are provided with filter inductance.
The magnitude of the first capacitor, the second capacitor and the first inductance is flat according to inductance voltage-second balance principle and capacitor ampere-second
Weighing apparatus principle acquires.
The filter inductance filters out peak current, and value is less than the first inductance.
When the both ends of the load capacitance are provided with filter inductance, the inductance value of two filter inductances is load capacitance one
The half of the inductance value of the filter inductance when setting filter inductance of end.
Be double -loop control based on the control method of above-mentioned converter, outer ring is that voltage controls, acquisition load voltage and with set
Definite value compares, and acquires stable state control electric current according to the two deviation, carries out inner ring according to the electric current that stable state controls electric current and switching tube
Peak value comparison method.
When the duty ratio of switching tube in peak value comparison method is greater than the set value, need to control stable state electric current increase slope
Compensation.
The slope compensation is the electric current descending slope of the first inductance.
It is compensated using the external loop voltag of II type compensator.
The invention has the benefit that
(1) pass through working principle of the analysis based on I type high step-up ratio converter derived from Buck/Buck-Boost, discovery
There are peak currents in its work loop, solve the problems, such as this by increasing a filter inductance in the loop, change small but imitate
Fruit is prominent, while cost input is small；
(2) realize that the stability contorting to converter, simulation result show proposed solution using Peak Current-Mode Controlled Circuit
Certainly method can effectively inhibit current spike, and system robustness is good, dynamic response is rapid.In the boosting of photovoltaic DC-to-AC converter prime
It has broad application prospects.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is that the prior art is based on I type high step-up ratio converter derived from Buck/Buck-Boost；
Fig. 2 (a) is the switching tube ON operation mould based on I type high step-up ratio converter derived from Buck/Buck-Boost
Formula；
Fig. 2 (b) is that the switching tube based on I type high step-up ratio converter derived from Buck/Buck-Boost turns off Working mould
Formula；
Equivalent circuit diagram when Fig. 3 is switching tube conducting of the invention；
Fig. 4 is of the invention improved based on I type high step-up ratio converter derived from Buck/Buck-Boost；
Fig. 5 opens equivalent circuit diagram for switching tube after improvement of the invention；
Fig. 6 is inductance L after improvement of the invention2Afterflow loop figure；
Fig. 7 is of the invention improved based on I type high step-up ratio convertor controls frame derived from Buck/Buck-Boost
Figure；
Fig. 8 is slope compensation schematic diagram of the invention；
Fig. 9 is to control the frequency response of electric current to output voltage；
Figure 10 is voltage compensator frequency response curve；
Figure 11 is to improve based on the signal of I type high step-up ratio converter emulation experiment waveform derived from Buck/Buck-Boost
Figure；
Figure 12 (a) is dynamic response schematic diagram when input jumps between 38V and 30；
Figure 12 (b) is the dynamic response schematic diagram that input jumps between 38V and 45V；
Figure 13 is to be supported on the fully loaded dynamic response schematic diagram jumped between semi-load；
Figure 14 (a)-(d) is the placement schematic of inductance.
Specific embodiment:
The invention will be further described with embodiment with reference to the accompanying drawing.
Fig. 1 be the prior art proposed based on I type high step-up ratio converter derived from Buck/Buck-Boost.Inductance
L1Work is under continuous current state, and according to switching tube ON/OFF, circuit can be divided into two kinds of working conditions.Work as switching tube
When conducting, shown in equivalent circuit such as Fig. 2 (a), input power UgFor inductance L1Charging, capacitor C1、C2With power supply UgSeries connection is negative
Load and output filter capacitor CfPower supply；When switching tube shutdown, shown in equivalent circuit such as Fig. 2 (b), inductance L1With input power
For capacitor C1、C2Charging, while output filter capacitor is load supplying.
Preceding switch pipe is improved it can be seen from Fig. 2 a when HF switch each time is closed and is connected, current path I is main
, but since, there are inductance L1, the variation of electric current will not be mutated, and power switch tube current stress is in controlled area charactert in circuit.
However output voltage ripple is little when being commonly designed, and current path II would generally be ignored, so in the heavier situation of load,
Existing voltage difference will increase between output voltage and input voltage, and circuit II internal resistance is very small, and lesser pressure difference also can reach
Higher current peak, especially 1 current value of circuit is higher, and the superimposed current spike of the two easily causes anti-conveyance capacity
The high frequency switching device failure of difference.To eliminate potential current spike, this can effectively be solved the problems, such as by increasing inductance.
But the placement location for increasing inductance in major loop is different, and the influence to power switch tube is different: such as Figure 14 (a)~figure
14 (c) have the same effect, but select Inductive position in Figure 14 (d), and voltage stress is high when power switch tube turns off, to two poles
The switching speed requirements of pipe D1 are high.
It therefore, is 14 (a)~Figure 14 (c) the present invention claims filter inductance position, wherein the double inductance values of Figure 14 (c) can subtract
Half.
When circuit steady operation, according to the voltage-second balance principle of inductance, it can be deduced that:
UgDTs+(-Uc1)(1-D)Ts=0 (1)
UgDTs+(Ug-Uc2)(1-D)Ts=0 (2)
In formula, D is the duty ratio of switching tube conducting, Uc1, Uc2Respectively capacitor C1, C2Both end voltage is respectively as follows:
During conduction of the switch tube, capacitor C1、C2With power supply UgSeries connection is load and output filter capacitor CfPower supply, output
Voltage is the sum of three's voltage, value are as follows:
Pass through above-mentioned analysis, it can be seen that during conduction of the switch tube, capacitor C1、C2With power supply UgAfter series connection, with CfAnd
It is in parallel to load R, charges for it.
It, can be by C during this1、C2With power supply UgIt is equivalent to capacitor Cin, with Cf, R it is in parallel, equivalent circuit such as Fig. 3 institute
Show, wherein RonFor the sum of capacitor, power supply, the series resistance of diode, UinFor the sum of capacitance voltage and supply voltage.
Ron=Rc1+Rc2+RQon+RUg+RD0 (6)
Uin=Uc1+Uc2+Ug (7)
Flow through RonElectric current ionAre as follows:
In switching tube shutdown, inductance is capacitor C1、C2Charging, can make capacitance voltage UC1、UC2It increases, UinIncrease, is higher than
Average voltage Uo；Capacitor CfIt powers to the load, its voltage U can be madeoutDecline is lower than average voltage Uo.This causes in UinWith UoutIt
Between there are voltage difference, the conducting resistance R of looponIt is very small, so the current spike of moment can be generated in switching tube conducting moment,
Influence normal operation circuit.
To solve the problems, such as current spike, as shown in Figure 4.In diode D0An inductance is added afterwards, makes its inductance value L2<<
L1, discontinuous current mode is worked in, is only played a filtering role.When switching tube conducting, ignore conducting circuit equivalent resistance, equivalent electricity
Road is as shown in figure 5, output electric current ionChange rate donAre as follows:
When open pipe breaks, inductance L2Afterflow, continuous current circuit are as shown in Figure 6.Export electric current ionInterconversion rate doffAre as follows:
When stable state, inductance L2Current change quantity is identical in one switch periods, and don<<doff, time of afterflow is far small
In turn-on time, so inductance L can be ignored in stable state calculating process2Afterflow process, calculate obtained each steady-state value with
Inductance L is not added2Shi Xiangtong.
Peak value comparison method realizes the control to converter output by the peak point current of control switch pipe, has control
Simply, fast response time, can be realized effectively the advantages that holding back to switching tube, be widely used in convertor controls.
For the ease of analysis, system controller design is carried out by taking a high step-up ratio DC-DC converter as an example.System uses
Double -loop control, inner ring use peak value comparison method, and outer ring is voltage control, and Fig. 7 is system control block figure.Designed converter
Input voltage is 25~45V, specified input 38V, output voltage 380V, and output power 200W charges resistive load, switching frequency
100KHz.It is required that inductive current ripple is the 20% of its electric current, output voltage ripple is output voltage 1%.According to inductance weber
Equilibrium principle and capacitor ampere-second equilibrium principle, can calculate inductance, capacitor magnitude and take certain allowance, C1=C2=
3.3uF, Cf=0.33uF, L1=300uH, R=725 Ω；According to analysis above, L2Only play a part of to filter out peak current, value
L should be far smaller than1, take L2=10uH.
Peak value comparison method duty ratio be greater than 0.5 when system can be made unstable, by add slope compensation can make be
System stable operation, as shown in Figure 8.When system input is 38V, according to formula [5] it can be concluded that duty ratio D=0.8, needs to add
Slope compensation makes system stable operation.Selection slope compensation slope is inductive current descending slope, m=mL1D.Inductance L1Average value
IL1Are as follows:
Inductive current descending slope mL1DAre as follows:
The electric current rate of rise is inductance L in switching tube Q1、L2The sum of electric current rate of rise.Inductance L1Electric current rate of rise mL1U
Are as follows:
Inductance L2The rate of rise are as follows:
Switching tube Q electric current rate of rise mQAre as follows:
mQ=mL1U+mL2U=5.12A/Ts (15)
Switching tube initial current IQ0It is identical as inductance initial current, it calculates:
IQ0=IL0=IL-0.1IL=4.74A (16)
At the dTs moment, tube current I is switchedQdTsAre as follows:
IQdTs=IQ0+D*Ts*mQ=8.836A (17)
Electric current I is controlled when can calculate stable state according to Fig. 8cSize are as follows:
IC=IQdTs+D*TS* (18) m=13A
It is obtained through above-mentioned analysis, systematic steady state controls electric current Ic=13A, slope compensation slope-m=-5.27A/Ts.To set
Outer voltage controller is counted, applies disturbance, measurement control electric current i at control electric current steady operation pointCTo output voltage Uout's
Frequency response, as shown in Figure 9.
From system frequency response as can be seen that system gain is excessive, cross-over frequency is not present, stability is poor.Using two types
Compensator compensates system, and Figure 10 is designed voltage compensator frequency response curve.After compensation, system cross-over frequency exists
Near 1000Hz, Phase margin is about 70 °, and system is stablized.DC current gain is infinitely great, can be realized the control of output voltage indifference.
In order to verify the correctness of set meter systems, system simulation model has been built in simulation of power electronic software Saber,
Used simulation parameter is consistent with design parameter above.
Figure 11 is input voltage when being 38V, is based on derived from Buck/Buck-Boost using the improvement of peak value comparison method
I type high step-up ratio converter emulation experiment waveform.It can be seen from the figure that system start-up time is less than 1ms, response is rapid.?
The given place's addition soft starting circuit of input, makes to export non-overshoot.By adding inductance L2Peak current in effective suppression loop, surely
When state, no current spike in loop.
Figure 12 (a), Figure 12 (b) are respectively to improve to work as based on I type high step-up ratio converter derived from Buck/Buck-Boost
It inputs and switches and input the dynamic response waveform diagram switched between 38V, 45V between 38V, 30V.It can from figure
Out, when input voltage fluctuation, system can reach again stable in 1ms, and Dynamic Regulating Process is short, has good stability.
Figure 13 is to improve to work as to be supported on based on I type high step-up ratio converter derived from Buck/Buck-Boost to be fully loaded with and half
The dynamic response switched between load.It can be seen from the figure that system has good load regulation, fast response time.
By analyzing the working principle based on I type high step-up ratio converter derived from Buck/Buck-Boost, its work is found
Make in loop that there are peak currents, solves the problems, such as this by increasing a filter inductance in the loop.On this basis, using peak
It is worth current control mode realization to the stability contorting of converter.Simulation result shows that proposed solution can effectively press down
Current spike processed, system robustness is good, dynamic response is rapid.In the boosting of photovoltaic DC-to-AC converter prime with wide before
Scape.
Above-mentioned, although the foregoing specific embodiments of the present invention is described with reference to the accompanying drawings, not protects model to the present invention
The limitation enclosed, those skilled in the art should understand that, based on the technical solutions of the present invention, those skilled in the art are not
Need to make the creative labor the various modifications or changes that can be made still within protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (6)
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| CN107147291A (en) * | 2017-06-15 | 2017-09-08 | 山东大学 | A non-isolated soft-switching high step-up ratio DC converter and method thereof |
| CN109474183B (en) * | 2018-12-25 | 2020-11-03 | 福州大学 | A Dual Input High Gain DC/DC Converter |
| CN111130343B (en) * | 2020-01-17 | 2021-05-18 | 福州大学 | A Dual Input High Boost Ratio DC Converter with Pump-Up Capacitor |
| CN111371317B (en) * | 2020-04-15 | 2021-06-22 | 福州大学 | A Scalable Non-Isolated Dual-Input Boost-to-DC Converter |
| CN114977798A (en) * | 2022-07-29 | 2022-08-30 | 银河航天(西安)科技有限公司 | Wide voltage input cascade power supply circuit |
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| TWI238589B (en) * | 2004-05-21 | 2005-08-21 | Wai Zheng Zhong | High step-up converter with coupled-inductor by way of bi-direction energy transmission |
| CN206023578U (en) * | 2016-10-08 | 2017-03-15 | 山东大学 | A kind of non-isolated high step-up ratio DC converter of modified |
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| US8699237B2 (en) * | 2012-05-30 | 2014-04-15 | National Tsing Hua University | Soft-switching inverter utilizing high step up ratio circuit with active clamping |
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| TWI238589B (en) * | 2004-05-21 | 2005-08-21 | Wai Zheng Zhong | High step-up converter with coupled-inductor by way of bi-direction energy transmission |
| CN206023578U (en) * | 2016-10-08 | 2017-03-15 | 山东大学 | A kind of non-isolated high step-up ratio DC converter of modified |
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| Title |
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| Buck变换器环路稳定性的研究与设计;黄苏平;《中国优秀硕士学位论文全文数据库（工程科技Ⅱ辑）》;20140915;第12-15,42-45页 |
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