CN106297521B - A kind of real time dynamic simulation device and its real time dynamic simulation method based on the adjustable simulated eye of spatial light modulator aberration - Google Patents

Abstract

A real-time dynamic simulation device and a real-time dynamic simulation method for a simulated eye based on an adjustable aberration of a spatial light modulator, the real-time dynamic simulation device includes a wavefront detector, a simulated eye, a light source, a headrest and a human eye, The moving stage and objects, band-pass filter, beam splitter and collimating lens can simulate the real-time dynamic changes of the human eye in various situations, and the adjustment process of the eye can be intuitively presented through the image, which is convenient for ophthalmology teaching. It can observe the real-time image formed by the eyes in real time, and at the same time, the device can realize the real-time dynamic observation of the image transformation of the fundus caused by the change of the aberration of the human eye, providing scientific research workers with the basis for the study of the adjustment method of the aberration of the human eye, and has the advantages of It has the characteristics of convenient operation, high efficiency, high precision, good authenticity, wide adjustment range, real-time observation of fundus imaging, etc., and is suitable for large-scale popularization and application.

Description

A real-time dynamic simulation device based on aberration-adjustable simulated eye of spatial light modulator setting and its real-time dynamic simulation method

technical field

The invention relates to the technical field of aberration-adjustable simulated eyes combined with adaptive optics technology, in particular to a real-time dynamic simulation device and a real-time dynamic simulation method for a simulated eye with adjustable aberrations based on a spatial light modulator.

Background technique

In the process of ophthalmology teaching or scientific research, many ophthalmic instruments or developed ophthalmic systems need to use subjects as inspection objects. Due to the unavoidable factors such as improper use by students or unstable developed systems in the process of teaching or scientific research, it may cause Injuries to the eyes of the subjects; at the same time, it is difficult to find subjects who are urgently needed or cooperate for a long time, which will bring inconvenience to scientific research or teaching workers; in addition, each person has a different human eye structure, The most typical ones are myopia, hyperopia, etc. When observing objects, different human eye aberrations will be produced, which will have different effects on inspection equipment. Therefore, a simulated eye with adjustable human eye aberrations that can truly simulate the human eye is designed. has very important research significance. In addition, different viewing angles of different human eyes will produce different human eye aberrations, so that when observing objects, the fundus will present different conjugate images. The difference adjustment method has certain research significance, so it is very necessary to design a device that can dynamically simulate the aberration changes of the human eye in real time.

The simulated eyes currently on the market are basically static simulated eyes. Many ophthalmic instruments are calibrated or tested using static simulated eyes, which cannot achieve adjustable refraction (adjustable aberration of the human eye) by changing the structure of the simulated eye. It cannot meet the functions required for teaching or scientific research, and can only simulate various eye refractive errors by using simulated eyes of different diopters to realize instrument observation and testing of different human eyes. Its disadvantages are inconvenient operation, low efficiency, and poor authenticity , low precision, and cannot be observed dynamically in real time. In addition, there are very few simulated eyes with simple refraction adjustment on the market. Although they can simulate hyperopia or myopia, they are all qualitative simulations. They cannot accurately simulate or design various human eye aberrations, nor can they be realistic. It reflects the shortcomings of the image formed by the human eye on the fundus, such as low precision, weak adjustment ability, poor authenticity (cannot fully simulate the real aberration of the human eye), and incapability of real-time dynamic observation.

In the Chinese invention patent CN201210132443, a simulated eye with adjustable diopter is described, which can only change the individual aberration of the human eye, but cannot truly simulate the human eye, nor can it truly reflect the image formed by the human eye through the human eye on the fundus For details, see patent CN201210132443. Similar patents include patent CN201610051712, etc., and there are basically no patents on the simulated eye with adjustable aberration based on the spatial light modulator and its real-time dynamic simulation device.

Therefore, there is an urgent need for a simulated eye based on the adjustable aberration of the spatial light modulator and its real-time dynamic simulation device, which can simulate the real human eye aberration according to different human eye aberrations, realize observation and testing, observe various images The image formed by the fundus under poor conditions can replace the human eye under various conditions in any ophthalmic equipment, and has the advantages of convenient operation, high efficiency, high precision, good authenticity, wide adjustment range, and real-time observation of the fundus image. Features.

Contents of the invention

The purpose of the present invention is to overcome the above-mentioned shortcoming in the prior art, the present invention provides a kind of real-time dynamic simulation device and its real-time dynamic simulation method of the simulated eye based on spatial light modulator aberration adjustable, this device can real-time dynamic simulation Various human eye aberrations, including high-order aberrations and low-order aberrations, can intuitively present the eye adjustment process through images, which is convenient for ophthalmology teaching and research on human eye aberration adjustment methods. It is easy to operate, high in efficiency, It has the characteristics of high precision, good authenticity, wide adjustment range, and the ability to observe the image formed by the fundus in real time.

The technical solution adopted by the present invention is: a real-time dynamic simulation device based on a simulated eye with adjustable aberration of a spatial light modulator, the device includes a wavefront detector M2, a simulated eye M1, a light source M3, a head rest and The human eye M4, the headrest and the human eye M4 are also provided with a mobile stage and the object M5 directly in front of the headrest, the human eye M4, the connection line and the wave front of the mobile stage and the object M5 The connection lines between the sensor M2 and the simulated eye M1 are perpendicular to each other, and the front ends of the simulated eye M1, the mobile stage and the object M5 are respectively provided with a visible light band-pass filter M6, and the front end of the light source M3 is also provided with a quasi- Straight lens M9, the connection between the light source M3 and the wavefront sensor M2 and the simulated eye M1, the connection between the headrest and the human eye M4, the moving stage and the object M5, and the wavefront sensor M2 and the simulated eye M1 A beam splitter M8 is respectively provided at the intersection of the connecting lines, and a near-infrared bandpass filter M7 is also provided between the two beam splitters M8.

The wavefront detector M2 may be a Shaker-Hartmann wavefront detector.

The light source M3 is a superluminescent light-emitting diode or a laser, and the wavelength is in the near-infrared band.

A real-time dynamic simulation method of a real-time dynamic simulation device is characterized in that it comprises the following steps:

(1) The human eye M4 observes the object M5, and the light emitted by the object M5 enters the human eye M4 through the filter M6 and the beam splitter M8, causing the lens to adjust to see the object clearly. At the same time, the light emitted by the light source M3 passes through The collimating lens M9 is collimated, incident to the human eye M4, and the light reflected by the fundus of the human eye M4 enters the wavefront detector M2 through the beam splitter M8 and the filter M7, and obtains the optical The bitmap of system wavefront segmentation is sent to the computer, and the slope vector of human eye aberration on the bitmap is calculated by software, so that the wavefront surface equation can be reconstructed, and the parameter value of human eye aberration can be obtained;

(2) Calculate the voltage value of each unit electrode according to the aberration parameter vector, and send the calculated voltage value signal to the simulated eye M1, and control the unit electrode voltage of the liquid crystal spatial modulator 33, so that the system aberration of the simulated eye M1 and At this time, the M4 aberration of the human eye is consistent, thus accurately simulating the human eye;

(3) By moving the object M5, the human eye will adjust the surface shape of the lens in order to see the object M5 clearly, thereby changing the aberration of the human eye, and the image formed by the fundus will change from blurred to clear. The dynamic aberration fed back by the simulated eye M1 can be The aberration of the human eye is simulated in real time, and the image formed by the fundus is displayed on the computer through the photoelectric sensor 4, so that real-time dynamic observation of the transformation of the image formed by the fundus caused by the change of the aberration of the human eye can be realized.

The beneficial effects of the present invention are: the present invention provides a real-time dynamic simulation device and a real-time dynamic simulation method of a simulated eye based on an adjustable aberration of a spatial light modulator. The real-time dynamic simulation device includes a wavefront detector, Simulate eye, light source, headrest and human eye, moving stage and object, band-pass filter, beam splitter and collimator lens, which can simulate the real-time dynamic changes of human eyes in various situations, and can be visualized through images It presents the adjustment process of the eyes, which is convenient for ophthalmology teaching, and can observe the real-time images formed by the eyes in real time. At the same time, the device can realize the real-time dynamic observation of the image transformation of the fundus caused by the aberration changes of the human eye, and provide scientific research workers with human It is the basis for the study of eye aberration adjustment methods, and has the characteristics of convenient operation, high efficiency, high precision, good authenticity, wide adjustment range, real-time observation of fundus imaging, etc., and is suitable for large-scale promotion and application.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is a structural cross-sectional view of a specific embodiment of the simulated eye of the present invention.

Fig. 2 is a cross-sectional view of the simulated myopia structure of the specific embodiment shown in Fig. 1 .

Fig. 3 is a structural cross-sectional view of simulating hyperopia in the specific embodiment shown in Fig. 1 .

Fig. 4 is a diagram of the experimental device of the adaptive system for calculating the aberration response matrix in the simulated eye of the present invention.

Fig. 5 is a structural schematic diagram of a specific embodiment of the device for real-time dynamic simulation of human eye aberration variation according to the present invention.

In the figure 1-simulated cornea part, 2-simulated iris part, 3-simulated lens part, 4-simulated retina part, 5-shell, 6-transparent liquid, 7-computer, 8-anterior cavity, 9-posterior cavity, 31-lens, 32-polarizer, 33-transmissive liquid crystal spatial modulator, 34-controller, 35-control software.

Detailed ways

As shown in Figure 1, an aberration-adjustable simulated eye based on a spatial light modulator includes a housing (5) and a computer (7). The rear wall of the housing (5) is in a concave spherical shape, so The front end of the casing (5) is sequentially provided with a simulated cornea part (1), a simulated iris part (2), and a simulated lens part (3) from outside to inside, and the simulated cornea part (1) is spherical outwardly The artificial cornea component (1) is a negative meniscus-shaped thin transparent material, and the artificial cornea component (1) is one of a negative meniscus-shaped thin lens or an artificial cornea. The simulated iris component (2) is a variable light hole. The artificial lens component (3) is a spatial light modulator. The aberration of the human eye can be changed by changing the spatial light modulator, the artificial lens component (3) also includes a controller (34) and control software (35), and the controller (34) is installed in the housing (5), the control software (35) is installed on the computer (7). The simulated iris component 2 is located at the back of the simulated cornea component (1) and is close to the simulated lens component (3), and the simulated retina component 4 is also provided at the rear of the simulated lens component (3). The retinal part 4 is a photoelectric sensor. The photoelectric sensor can be a CCD sensor or a CMOS sensor. The simulated retina component 4 is installed on the rear wall of the casing (5), and the casing (5) is divided into an anterior cavity (8) and a posterior cavity (9) by the simulated lens component (3). The front cavity (8) and the rear cavity (9) are respectively filled with immiscible transparent liquid (6), and the transparent liquid (6) can be oil or water. The artificial cornea part (1), the artificial iris part (2), and the artificial lens part (3) are all installed in the front part of the anterior chamber (8), and the computer (7) and the artificial lens part (3) and The simulated retina components (4) are respectively connected.

The simulated lens component (3) includes a lens (31), a polarizer (32), and a transmissive liquid crystal spatial modulator (33), and the lens (31) is located on the polarizer (32) or a transmissive liquid crystal spatial modulator The front or back side of the device (33), its main purpose is to give the simulated eye M1 an initial diopter, and the aberration adjustment is realized by the transmissive liquid crystal spatial modulator 33, based on the given initial diopter Positive and negative direction adjustment; the polarizer (32) is located at the front end of the transmissive liquid crystal spatial modulator (33), used to convert incident natural light into polarized light, and the transmissive liquid crystal spatial modulator consists of many small liquid crystal units And the corresponding liquid crystal cell electrode composition. Input the relevant parameters of the required human eye wavefront aberration surface equation (Zernik polynomials can be used) through the control software 35, and calculate each The unit electrode drive voltage value, the voltage value signal is sent to the controller to control the unit electrode drive voltage of the liquid crystal space modulator, and the incident light can be controlled point by point by changing the drive voltage value added to the liquid crystal cell electrode Phase, and then realize the change of the wavefront aberration of the human eye.

The present invention can simulate human eyes under different refractive states, for example, the state of myopia as shown in FIG. 2 and the state of hyperopia as shown in FIG. 3 , which is convenient for ophthalmology teaching and systematic research.

In order to realize the adjustable aberration of the simulated eye system, in a specific embodiment of the present invention, a method for adjusting the aberration of the simulated eye based on the adjustable aberration of the spatial light modulator, the adjustment method includes the following steps:

(1) Connecting the simulated lens component (spatial light modulator) and the simulated retina component (photoelectric sensor) with the computer;

(2) Manually input wavefront aberration-related parameters (such as Zernike polynomial coefficient values) calculated by the known human eye through the wavefront aberration detector into the installation In the control software of the computer;

(3) According to the relationship between the wavefront aberration parameter vector A and the driving voltage vector V required by the spatial light modulator, the control software calculates each unit from the wavefront aberration parameter and the aberration response matrix, as shown in formula 1. Electrode driving voltage value,

(1)

Wherein D is an aberration response matrix, and its aberration response matrix can be obtained by the following method: build an adaptive system M, as shown in Figure 4, the adaptive system includes a Shack-Hartmann wavefront sensor M2 With the simulated eye M1 and the light source M3, a beam splitter M8 is also arranged between the connection of the Shack-Hartmann wavefront sensor M2 and the simulated eye M1, and the connection between the light source M3 and the beam splitter M8 The line is perpendicular to the connection between the Shaker-Hartmann wavefront sensor M2 and the simulated eye M1, and a collimating lens M9 is also arranged between the light source M3 and the beam splitter M8;

Obtain the bitmap of the wavefront segmentation of the optical system through the Shaker-Hartmann wavefront sensor M2, calculate the slope vector of the human eye aberration on the bitmap, and separate the zero-order aberrations such as tilt and translation in the slope vector to obtain Eliminate the overall tilt or translation of the aberrations in the optical system, and then obtain the aberration response matrix of the aberration-corrected spatial light modulator through independent testing of the electrodes of the spatial light modulator;

(4) Send the calculated voltage value signal to the controller to control the driving voltage of the cell electrode of the liquid crystal space modulator. By changing the driving voltage value applied to the liquid crystal cell electrode, the phase of the incident light can be controlled point by point , and then realize the change of the wavefront aberration of the human eye.

In order to realize the real-time dynamic observation of the image transformation of the fundus caused by the aberration change of the human eye, in a specific embodiment of the present invention, as shown in Figure 5, a real-time dynamic The simulation device includes a wavefront detector M2, a simulated eye M1, a light source M3, a head rest and a human eye M4, and a moving stage and an object M5 are also provided directly in front of the head rest and the human eye M4. The connection line between the headrest and the human eye M4, the mobile stage and the object M5 is perpendicular to the connection line between the wavefront sensor M2 and the simulated eye M1, and the front ends of the simulated eye M1, the movable stage and the object M5 are respectively set There is a visible light bandpass filter M6, the main purpose of the visible light bandpass filter M6 is to filter out other stray light other than visible light, use visible light to observe objects, and use near-infrared light to detect aberrations and observe It is separated from aberration detection, which is beneficial to the realization of the function. The front end of the light source M3 is also provided with a collimating lens M9. A beam splitter M8 is respectively provided at the intersection of the connection line between the human eye M4, the mobile stage and the object M5, and the connection line between the wavefront sensor M2 and the simulated eye M1, and a beam splitter M8 is also provided between the two beam splitters M8. There is near-infrared bandpass filter M7. The main purpose of the near-infrared band-pass filter M7 is to filter the visible light emitted by the object M5 and reflected by the human eye M4 and the simulated eye M1, so as to reduce the impact of stray light on the accuracy of wavefront detection.

The wavefront detector M2 may be a Shaker-Hartmann wavefront detector.

The light source M3 is a superluminescent light-emitting diode or a laser, and the wavelength is in the near-infrared band. Reducing the eye's sensitivity to light causes accommodation of the lens, thereby affecting the human eye's observation of objects.

A real-time dynamic simulation method of a real-time dynamic simulation device, the specific steps and methods of realization are as follows:

(1) The human eye M4 observes the object M5, and the light emitted by the object M5 enters the human eye M4 through the filter M6 and the beam splitter M8, causing the lens to adjust to see the object clearly. At the same time, the light emitted by the light source M3 passes through The collimating lens M9 is collimated, incident to the human eye M4, and the light reflected by the fundus of the human eye M4 enters the wavefront detector M2 through the beam splitter M8 and the filter M7, and obtains the optical The bitmap of system wavefront segmentation is sent to the computer, and the slope vector of human eye aberration on the bitmap is calculated by software, so that the wavefront surface equation can be reconstructed, and the parameter value of human eye aberration can be obtained;

(2) Calculate the voltage value of each unit electrode according to the aberration parameter vector, and send the calculated voltage value signal to the simulated eye M1, and control the unit electrode voltage of the liquid crystal spatial modulator 33, so that the system aberration of the simulated eye M1 and At this time, the M4 aberration of the human eye is consistent, thus accurately simulating the human eye;

(3) By moving the object M5, the human eye will adjust the surface shape of the lens in order to see the object M5 clearly, thereby changing the aberration of the human eye, and the image formed by the fundus will change from blurred to clear. The dynamic aberration fed back by the simulated eye M1 can be The aberration of the human eye is simulated in real time, and the image formed by the fundus is displayed on the computer through the photoelectric sensor 4, so that real-time dynamic observation of the transformation of the image formed by the fundus caused by the change of the aberration of the human eye can be realized.

The aberration-adjustable simulated eye based on the spatial light modulator of the present invention and its real-time dynamic simulation device are ingeniously and uniquely designed, and can replace the human eye under various conditions in any ophthalmic instrument and equipment, which is convenient for ophthalmology teaching and provides reliable ophthalmic equipment. The real human eye model has the characteristics of convenient operation, high efficiency, high precision, good authenticity, wide adjustment range, real-time observation of fundus imaging, etc., and is suitable for large-scale promotion and application.

The above descriptions are only preferred implementations of the present invention, and the protection scope of the present invention is not limited to the above-mentioned embodiments, and all technical solutions under the idea of the present invention belong to the protection scope of the present invention. It should be pointed out that for those skilled in the art, some improvements and modifications without departing from the principles of the present invention should also be regarded as the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims (4)

1. a kind of real time dynamic simulation device based on the adjustable simulated eye of spatial light modulator aberration, which is characterized in that described Device include Wavefront sensor M2 and simulated eye M1 and light source M3 and head rest and human eye M4, the head rest and human eye M4's Front is additionally provided with moving stage and object M5, the line of the head rest and human eye M4 and moving stage and object M5 with The line of Wavefront sensor M2 and simulated eye M1 are mutually perpendicular to, the front end of the simulated eye M1 and moving stage and object M5 Be respectively equipped with visible band pass filter M6, the front end of the light source M3 is additionally provided with collimation lens M9, the light source M3 with Between Wavefront sensor M2 and the line of simulated eye M1 and the line of head rest and human eye M4 and moving stage and object M5 with The intersection of the line of Wavefront sensor M2 and simulated eye M1 is respectively equipped with beam splitting chip M8, goes back between two beam splitting chip M8 Equipped with near-infrared bandpass filter M7, the simulated eye M1 includes shell (5) and computer (7), the shell (5) rear wall In indent dome shape, the front end of the shell (5) is successively arranged emulation cornea component (1), emulation iris component from outside to inside (2), crystalline body component (3), the outside spherical protrusion of the emulation cornea component (1), the emulation cornea component are emulated It (1) is the thin transparent material of negative meniscus, the emulation cornea component (1) is one in negative meniscus thin lens or artificial cornea Kind, the emulation iris component (2) is variable light hole, and the emulation is crystalline, and body component (3) is spatial light modulator, is led to Cross the change for changing spatial light modulator to realize human eye aberration.

2. a kind of real time dynamic simulation dress based on the adjustable simulated eye of spatial light modulator aberration according to claim 1 It sets, which is characterized in that the Wavefront sensor M2 can be Shack-Hartmann wave front detector.

3. a kind of real time dynamic simulation dress based on the adjustable simulated eye of spatial light modulator aberration according to claim 1 It sets, which is characterized in that the light source M3 is super-radiance light emitting diode or laser, and wavelength selects near infrared band.

4. a kind of real time dynamic simulation method of real time dynamic simulation device described in claim 1, which is characterized in that including with Lower step:

(1) human eye M4 observes object M5, and the light that object M5 is issued enters human eye M4 through optical filter M6 and beam splitting chip M8, causes Crystalline lens is adjusted, and sees object clearly to reach, meanwhile, the collimated lens M9 of light issued by light source M3 is collimated, and is incident on human eye M4, the light to be come by human eye M4 fundus reflex, then entered in Wavefront sensor M2 through beam splitting chip M8 and optical filter M7, pass through Wavefront sensor M2 obtains the dot chart of optical system wavefront division, is sent on computer, calculates human eye aberration by software Slope vector on dot chart obtains human eye aberration parameter value so as to reconstruct wave front equation；

(2) each unit electrode voltage value is calculated according to aberration parameter vector, will be calculated voltage value signal be sent to it is described Simulated eye M1, control the cell electrode voltage of liquid crystal spatial modulator, make simulated eye M1 system aberration and human eye M4 picture at this time It is poor consistent, to accurately simulate human eye；

(3) by mobile object M5, human eye can adjust crystalline honorable type to see object M5 clearly, thus change human eye aberration, eye Image formed by bottom becomes the dynamic aberration clear, simulated eye M1 is come by feedback by fuzzy, can simulate human eye picture in real time Difference, image formed by eyeground is shown on computers by photoelectric sensor, so that realtime dynamic observation human eye can be realized The institute of eyeground caused by aberration changes is at image change situation.