CN106291658A - A kind of fixed support of on-site rapid measurement environmental sample - Google Patents
A kind of fixed support of on-site rapid measurement environmental sample Download PDFInfo
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- CN106291658A CN106291658A CN201610948413.1A CN201610948413A CN106291658A CN 106291658 A CN106291658 A CN 106291658A CN 201610948413 A CN201610948413 A CN 201610948413A CN 106291658 A CN106291658 A CN 106291658A
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- limiting section
- sample
- cover plate
- tungsten alloy
- pull bar
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- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 39
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 32
- 239000000523 sample Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 201
- 229910001080 W alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 55
- 239000004926 polymethyl methacrylate Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 44
- 229920005439 Perspex® Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 30
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- 230000002285 radioactive effect Effects 0.000 claims description 23
- 238000005057 refrigeration Methods 0.000 claims description 18
- 229920005479 Lucite® Polymers 0.000 claims description 14
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 241000826860 Trapezium Species 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000006073 displacement reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 abstract description 10
- 230000006378 damage Effects 0.000 abstract description 7
- 208000027418 Wounds and injury Diseases 0.000 abstract 1
- 208000014674 injury Diseases 0.000 abstract 1
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 15
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 10
- 229910052790 beryllium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 9
- ATBAMAFKBVZNFJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N beryllium atom Chemical compound [Be] ATBAMAFKBVZNFJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 9
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 description 7
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 239000013078 crystal Substances 0.000 description 6
- 230000000149 penetrating effect Effects 0.000 description 5
- 238000001228 spectrum Methods 0.000 description 5
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000000941 radioactive substance Substances 0.000 description 4
- WFKWXMTUELFFGS-UHFFFAOYSA-N tungsten Chemical compound [W] WFKWXMTUELFFGS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 229910052721 tungsten Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 239000010937 tungsten Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 230000005855 radiation Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 description 3
- 229910000863 Ferronickel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nickel Chemical compound [Ni] PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 238000004458 analytical method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000470 constituent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000005611 electricity Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000005251 gamma ray Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229910052732 germanium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- GNPVGFCGXDBREM-UHFFFAOYSA-N germanium atom Chemical compound [Ge] GNPVGFCGXDBREM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000003595 spectral effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000010183 spectrum analysis Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910004613 CdTe Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000013459 approach Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011088 calibration curve Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004087 circulation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000004035 construction material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001276 controlling effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007812 deficiency Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002950 deficient Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000005284 excitation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004880 explosion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000005669 field effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 description 1
- PCHJSUWPFVWCPO-UHFFFAOYSA-N gold Chemical compound [Au] PCHJSUWPFVWCPO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000010931 gold Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052737 gold Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000002513 implantation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000003780 insertion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000037431 insertion Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000003947 neutron activation analysis Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052759 nickel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000005658 nuclear physics Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011002 quantification Methods 0.000 description 1
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- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01T—MEASUREMENT OF NUCLEAR OR X-RADIATION
- G01T7/00—Details of radiation-measuring instruments
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- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- High Energy & Nuclear Physics (AREA)
- Molecular Biology (AREA)
- Spectroscopy & Molecular Physics (AREA)
- Measurement Of Radiation (AREA)
Abstract
nullThe present invention relates to the fixed support of a kind of on-site rapid measurement environmental sample，Described support at least includes: body、Limiting section、Cover plate、Pull bar and sample cell，Described body is at least perspex layer and the double structure layer of tungsten alloy layer composition，Described perspex layer noose in described have tungsten alloy layer outside，Wherein said tungsten alloy layer thickness is 0～6mm，Described perspex layer outer wall is provided with the scale along described body axial direction，Described limiting section is socketed on described tube wall，The tungsten alloy layer structure that body of the present invention has effectively shield external interference and protect measurement simultaneously during the radioactivity injury to staff that produces of sample，Simultaneously by being positioned at the scale outside body，Also achieve testing sample adjustable function accurate relative to position with detector probe，Disclosure satisfy that during radiometry the greater demands such as different medium and diverse location and the actual exact efficiency scale measured and combine closely.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of fixed support, particularly relate to radioactive fixing of a kind of on-site rapid measurement environmental sample
Frame.
Background technology
Along with developing rapidly of core and radiotechnology, the generation of nuclear accident also gets more and more, particularly Hiroshima,Japan and length
Rugged explosion of atomic bomb, former Soviet Union's Chernobyl nuclear accident and Fukushima, Japan Nuclear Power Accident etc., cause a large amount of radionuclide to be released
It is put in environment, makes some artificial radioactivity material spread all over the world in environment by approach such as atmospheric circulations, thus environment is put
The harm of penetrating property substances on human is causing people more and more to pay attention to.
Gamma spectrum measurement is one of nuclear analytical method the most ripe, and at present, in addition in Ground Application, gamma spectrum is measured
Technology can be applied to aerial survey, underground survey, defines Airborne gamma spectral survey technology, gamma spectrum logging technique.Due to
Gamma-rays contains the important information of characteristic nuclide, and the most gamma-ray spectral measurement technology is an important work of nuclear radiation detection
One of make.In nuclear physics research, measure nuclear excitation energy level, research nuclear decay guiding principle figure, measure short nuclear lifetime, carry out core
Reaction experiments etc. all be unable to do without gamma-ray measurement.
In terms of radioassay, as carried out Ore radioassay, measuring the burnup of heap fuel element, construction material
Naturally radioactive analysis, neutron activation analysis etc. are all based on the measurement of gamma-rays exposure rate and energy.At radioactivity coordination
The industry of element, agricultural, in the various application of medical treatment and scientific research, the most commonly used gamma-rays and requirement carry out gamma-rays irradiation
Dose rate and the various measurements of energy.In reality is measured, the measurement of gamma-rays exposure rate actually measures a certain specific energy
Gamma-rays exposure rate in the gamma-rays of amount or certain particular energy interval.
Gamma energy spectrum method measures the most commonly used method as content of radioactive substance in environment, and its major advantage is to sample
Need not do the process of complexity, laboratory gamma energy spectrometer be can be used directly and measure the content of radioactive substance, root in environmental sample
According to standard performance calibration curve, it is calculated the activity concentration of radionuclide in environmental sample.
The shortcoming of prior art is: the method that environmental sample is measured at present is mainly by sample collecting is returned laboratory,
Then carry out the flow processs such as sample pretreatment, finally carry out filling sample and measure, there is no quick gamma spectrum analysis side, scene ripe, accurate
Method standard, therefore, it is impossible to meet all kinds of environmental samples to collection in worksite very well to carry out the most high-sensitive quantitative analysis.
Or when measuring radionuclide in environmental sample at the scene, first sample is loaded in cylindrical sample box, place
Measure at detector surface, then environmental sample is carried out gamma spectrum analysis, radioactive nucleus in final computing environment sample
The content of element.But due to, the widest energy detector probe beryllium window is extremely thin, and its thickness mostly is 10-4M magnitude, in the process of measurement
In be easy to defective detector probe.What is more important, on-the-spot gamma spectrum is not equipped with fixing sample and obtains support, measures position every time
The repeatability put can not be guaranteed, thus considerably increases measurement error or uncertainty.
Therefore, the present invention devises a kind of support being exclusively used in and measuring environmental sample based on cylindrical sample box, by
Supporting role auxiliary detector in vitriol chamber or probe sidewall carries out the radioactive scene of environmental sample and accurately measures.
Summary of the invention
For the deficiency of prior art, the invention provides the fixed support of a kind of on-site rapid measurement environmental sample, institute
Stating support at least to include: body, base plate, limiting section, cover plate, pull bar and sample cell, described support profile is cup structure, by managing
Body and limiting section constitute cylindrical wall of cup, cover plate and pull bar constitute cup；
Described body is socketed on outside the probe of detector, and described body is visited with the electronics department of the Chinese Academy of Sciences away from the end face of described cover plate
The end contact of head end, described support makes limiting section contact with refrigeration section front end face by regulation limiting section, and continues on
Limiting section is moved in the direction of detector so that support moves along the direction deviating from detector, and its displacement is by being positioned at
State the scale on tube wall to read；
Wherein said body is at least perspex layer and the double structure layer of tungsten alloy layer composition, described perspex layer set
Being connected to outside described tungsten alloy layer, described perspex layer outer wall has the scale being provided with along described body axial direction, described
Limiting section is socketed on described tube wall；
Described body increases at described lucite layer thickness along the direction away from described cover plate, described tungsten alloy thickness
Degree reduces, and described perspex layer is right angled triangle with described tungsten alloy layer in the cross section along described body axial direction
And/or right-angled trapezium, described perspex layer and described tungsten alloy layer contact surface are the conical surface, described perspex layer and described tungsten
Alloy-layer collectively forms cylindrical tube；
Described perspex layer contacts the conical surface angle at axial direction Yu described body central line with described tungsten alloy layer
Being 30 °～90 °, the distance of the edge of the cylinder shape groove that described base plate the is provided with inwall away from described body is closed more than described tungsten
The maximum gauge of layer gold.
According to one preferred embodiment, tungsten alloy layer described in described body is by screw thread and described perspex layer
Being connected, wherein said tungsten alloy layer thickness is 0～6mm；Described tube wall is provided with the scale in axial direction gone up, described
Zero point of scale is located close to the port of described cover plate one end.
According to one preferred embodiment, the depth value of the sample cell that described body is formed is more than or equal to the length of probe
Value and the height value sum of sample box for holding environmental sample, described pipe diameter is slightly larger than the diameter of probe, its difference
It is 0.5～1mm.
According to one preferred embodiment, the length value of described limiting section is less than the length value of probe, described limiting section
Length value more than the one-tenth-value thickness 1/10 of the electronics department of the Chinese Academy of Sciences.
According to one preferred embodiment, described body axis is perpendicular to described cover plate, and described limiting section is cylinder
Shape tubular structure, wherein said tube wall has external screw thread, and described limiting section inwall has female thread, described limiting section based on
Threaded engagement relation is socketed on described tube wall, and described limiting section axis overlaps with described body axis, described spacing
Axis, portion is perpendicular to described cover plate.
According to one preferred embodiment, described base plate is positioned at body, and described base plate is disc-shaped structure, the described end
Plate and described body together constitute sample cell；
Described base plate is provided with the stair-stepping cylinder shape groove of at least one-level, described groove towards the end face of described sample cell
The least the closer to its diameter of cover plate, the different-diameter of step groove the most at the same level is corresponding to the sample for holding radioactive sample to be measured
Product box diameter, the material of described base plate is at least one in lucite or tungsten alloy；
Described base plate disk axis overlaps with body axis, and described base plate is rigidly connected with body and cover plate.
According to one preferred embodiment, described pull bar is cylindrical structural, described pull bar and cover plate the second end face phase
Even, described pull bar is coaxial with cover plate.
According to one preferred embodiment, described pull bar is provided with at pull bar radial direction upper section is foursquare ring
Connected in star.
According to one preferred embodiment, described pull bar be provided with pull bar radial direction upper section be rectangle at least
One annular groove.
According to one preferred embodiment, the depth value of the sample cell that described body is formed is more than or equal to the length of probe
Value and the height value sum of sample box for holding environmental sample, described pipe diameter is slightly larger than the diameter of probe, its difference
It is 0.5～1mm；
Described base plate is positioned at body, and described base plate is disc-shaped structure, and described base plate together constitutes with described body
Sample cell, described base plate is provided with the stair-stepping cylinder shape groove of at least one-level, described groove towards the end face of described sample cell
The least the closer to its diameter of cover plate, the different-diameter of step groove the most at the same level is corresponding to the sample for holding radioactive sample to be measured
Product box diameter, the material of described base plate is at least one in lucite or tungsten alloy；
Described limiting section is cylindrical tubular structure, and wherein said tube wall has external screw thread, described limiting section inwall
Having female thread, described limiting section is socketed on described tube wall, described limiting section axis and institute based on threaded engagement relation
Stating body axis to overlap, described limiting section axis is perpendicular to described cover plate, and the length value of described limiting section is less than probe
Length value, the length value of described limiting section is more than the one-tenth-value thickness 1/10 of the electronics department of the Chinese Academy of Sciences；
Described cover plate is cylindrical disc structure, and described cover plate disk end face includes the first end face and the second end face, described
First end face is connected with body and base plate, and described second end face is connected with pull bar, and described cover plate is same with body, base plate and limiting section
Axle；
Described pull bar is cylindrical structural, and described pull bar is connected with cover plate the second end face, and described pull bar is coaxial with cover plate, institute
State pull bar to be provided with at least one annular groove that pull bar radial direction upper section is rectangle.
The invention have the advantages that
(1) the tungsten alloy layer structure that its body of fixed support of on-site rapid measurement environmental sample of the present invention has does not only has
The shielding of effect measure at the scene during naturally occurring radioactive substance in surrounding or natural background shadow that measurement is caused
Ringing, meanwhile, described tungsten alloy layer material is also treated survey radioactive sample and is served shielding action, it is to avoid may make survey crew
The radiation damage become.Simultaneously by being positioned at the scale outside body, also achieve testing sample and detector probe phase para-position
Put accurate adjustable function, it is possible to meet high directly related with actual measurement demand of status requirement during radiometry
The greater demand such as efficiency calibration coefficient.
(2) fixed support of the present invention can be used for maintaining detector and testing sample relative measurement position be not during measuring
Become, it is ensured that sample and detector are on the same axis so that when placing sample every time, it is ensured that sample and the geometry of detector
Position repeatability is consistent.Avoid the conforming problem that cannot guarantee sample measure geometry condition during repeated measure.
And avoid different operating personnel during measuring, due to reasons such as the lack of standardization and human factors of operation, be artificially introduced
Uncertain factor is relatively big, thus the problem finally bringing bigger error to measurement result.
(3) fixed support of on-site rapid measurement environmental sample of the present invention, is used for holding environmental sample to be measured, it is to avoid sample
Directly contact with detector, detector probe is caused damage.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the support bracket fastened sectional view that the present invention quickly measures environmental sample；
Fig. 2 is that the present invention quickly measures the fixed support of environmental sample and the structural representation of detector matching relationship.
Reference numerals list
1: body 2: base plate 3: limiting section
4: cover plate 5: pull bar 6: groove
7: sample cell 8: detector 9: refrigeration section front end face
10: the electronics department of the Chinese Academy of Sciences 11: probe 12: beryllium window
Detailed description of the invention
It is described in detail with embodiment below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.
Fig. 1 shows the support bracket fastened sectional view quickly measuring environmental sample of the present invention, and described support includes: be used for
Hold the body 1 of radioactive environment sample, for supporting the base plate 2 of sample, for determining the described support phase with measuring instrument
Limiting section 3 to position, for supporting the cover plate 4 of fixing body 1, base plate 2 and limiting section 3, for moving drawing of described support
Bar 5.Described support profile is cup structure, body 1 and limiting section 3 constitute cylindrical wall of cup, by base plate 2, cover plate 3 with draw
Bar 5 constitutes cup.Radioactivity environmental sample to be measured is placed in body 1, within sample cell 7.Radioactivity seeker probe and body
Axis is coaxial, and probe is just to sample cell 7.
Described supporting structure middle tube body 1 is cylindrical tube.Described body 1 is rigidly connected with cover plate 4.Described body axis
Line is perpendicular to described cover plate 4.According to one preferred embodiment, described cover plate 4 is provided with circle shape groove, in described groove
Wall is provided with female thread, and described body 1 is provided with external screw thread near the outer wall of cover plate 4, and described body 1 is by threaded engagement relation and institute
State cover plate 4 to be connected.The constituent material of described body 1 is that lucite, tungsten alloy or lucite form with tungsten alloy noose.
According to a preferred implementation, described perspex layer is socketed on outside described tungsten alloy layer, described organic glass
Glass layer outer wall has the scale being provided with along described body 1 axial direction, and described limiting section 3 is socketed on described body 1 outer wall.Along pipe
Lucite layer cross section described in body 1 axial direction is right angled triangle or right-angled trapezium.Along tungsten alloy described in body 1 axial direction
The cross section of layer is right angled triangle.Described body 1 increases at described lucite layer thickness along the direction away from described cover plate 4
Adding, described tungsten alloy layer thickness reduces.Described perspex layer and described tungsten alloy layer contact surface are the conical surface, described lucite
Layer and described tungsten alloy layer collectively form cylindrical tube 1.Described perspex layer contacts the conical surface at axle with described tungsten alloy layer
Angle to direction Yu described body 1 centrage is 30 °～90 °.The edge of the cylinder shape groove that described base plate 2 is provided with is away from institute
The distance of the inwall stating body 1 is more than the maximum gauge of described tungsten alloy layer.So that be positioned on base plate 2 in cylinder shape groove
The gamma-rays of radioactive sample by body 1 time, at distance base plate 2 or the most remote position of radioactive sample, gamma-rays directive
Tungsten alloy layer thickness corresponding at body 1 is the thinnest.Thus the tungsten alloy avoiding whole body employing same thickness shields and puts
The radioactivity of penetrating property sample.Serve saving tungsten alloy material, and reduce the purpose of weight support frame so that support easily facilitates to be taken
Band, is more suitable for on-the-spot radiometry.According to one preferred embodiment, body 1 internal diameter of the present invention is 77.5mm.External diameter
90mm, wall thickness 6.25mm, a length of 84mm.According to one preferred embodiment, the tungsten alloy that the present invention uses is tungsten ferronickel
Alloy, is a kind of with tungsten as base (about 90～98%) add nickel, the alloy of ferrum constituent element, the ferronickel ratio generally 7 wherein added:
3。
In described supporting structure, base plate 2 is cylindrical disc.Described base plate 2 is positioned at body 1.In described base plate 2 disk
Axis overlaps with body 1 axis.Described base plate 2 is rigidly connected with body 1 and cover plate 4.Described base plate 2 is provided with stair-stepping circle
Cylindrical groove, the least the closer to its groove diameter of cover plate 4, described cylinder shape groove and disk 2 have identical axis.Described
The different-diameter of stair-stepping cylinder shape groove is corresponding to the sample box diameter for holding radioactivity testing sample.Thus realize
The measurement of many specification piece.The material of described base plate 2 is lucite or tungsten alloy.According to one preferred embodiment,
The described a diameter of 77.5mm of base plate 2.Described base plate 2 thickness is 22mm.
In described supporting structure, limiting section 3 is cylindrical tubular structure.Described limiting section 3 is socketed on outside body 1, and with
Body 1 is rigidly connected.Described limiting section 3 axis overlaps with described body 1 axis.Described limiting section 3 axis is perpendicular to
Cover plate 4 circular flat.According to one preferred embodiment, described limiting section 3 internal diameter is 90mm, equal with body 1 external diameter, institute
Stating limiting section 3 external diameter is 104.5mm, and wall thickness is 7.25mm, the described a length of 24mm of limiting section 3.
Described supporting structure cover plate 4 is cylindrical disc structure.Described cover plate 4 disk circular end face includes the first end face
With the second end face.Described first end face is connected with body 1 and base plate 2, and the second end face is connected with pull bar 5.Described cover plate 4 and body
1, base plate 2 and limiting section 3 are coaxial.According to one preferred embodiment, described cover plate 4 first end face is provided with toroidal cavity,
Described groove inner wall is provided with female thread, and described body 1 is provided with external screw thread near the outer wall of cover plate 4, and described body 1 is stung by screw thread
Conjunction relation is connected with described cover plate 4, the described a diameter of 114.5mm of cover plate 4, and thickness is 10mm.
In described supporting structure, pull bar 5 is cylindrical structural.Described pull bar 5 is connected with cover plate 4 second end face.Described pull bar
5 is coaxial with cover plate 4.Meanwhile, described pull bar 5 is provided with the annular groove 6 that radial section is rectangle.According to a preferred enforcement
Mode, described pull bar 5 is provided with at least one annular groove that pull bar 5 radial direction upper section is rectangle.Excellent according to one
The embodiment of choosing, the described a diameter of 40mm of pull bar 5, a length of 30mm.
Fig. 2 shows that the present invention quickly measures the fixed support of environmental sample and the structural representation of detector matching relationship
Figure.As in figure 2 it is shown, accompanying drawing at least includes detector 8 and fixed support.Described detector 8 at least includes popping one's head in 11, electronics
The department of the Chinese Academy of Sciences 10 and refrigeration section.Described probe 11 is connected with the electronics department of the Chinese Academy of Sciences 10.Described detector 8 gathers γ photon by probe 11, and
It is converted into output signal, it is achieved testing sample radioactive quantification is measured by the electronics department of the Chinese Academy of Sciences 10.Described probe 11 also with refrigeration
Portion is connected, and ensures that probe crystal is under optimum by refrigeration section and works.Described refrigeration section refrigeration modes includes liquid nitrogen
Refrigeration or electricity refrigeration.Described probe 11 at least includes beryllium window 12 and crystal detection, described crystal detection can be HPGe, NaI,
One in CsI, CdTe.
According to one preferred embodiment, the detector that the present invention selects is HPGe detector.Crystal detection uses
HPGe crystal, beryllium window 12 thickness is 0.5mm.Due to the spaced only 0.665eV of the energy of Ge, it is a large amount of that molecular thermalmotion is caused
Leakage current makes any germanium detector all cannot at room temperature work, and detector works in a low temperature of must be placed in necessarily,
Its requirement is that the noise that this leakage current is caused is unlikely to ruin its ionization energy.Described leakage current is when-163 DEG C to-153 DEG C
Start substantially to rise, additionally as the field effect transistor of detector preamplifier input stage and charge-sensitive and feedback original paper also
Must be placed under low temperature, be i.e. the electric capacity being connected with crystal detection and high resistant in parallel or transistor switch also must be placed in low temperature
Under, to lower the impact on detection resolution of noise that other molecular thermalmotion caused as far as possible.Current most of germanium are visited
For surveying device, low temperature is that the liquid nitrogen formation thermo-contact that logical many cooling rods insert equipped with temperature is-196 DEG C reaches probe refrigeration.
Due to the design difference of various refrigeration results, HPGe detector actual work temperature is about between-188 DEG C to-163 DEG C.Root
According to one preferred embodiment, detector 8 of the present invention uses portable electric refrigeration detector, avoids by the way of electricity freezes
Be inconvenient to carry the problem of liquid nitrogen during in-site measurement under various complex environments.
During utilizing described detector 8 that environmental sample carries out on-the-spot radiometry, detector 8 and fixed support water
Placing flat, wherein, the probe 11 of detector 8 is coaxial with support body 1 or sample cell 7.Body 1 is socketed on the probe of detector 8
On 11.Body 1 diameter is slightly larger than the diameter of probe 12, and its difference is 0.5 to 1mm.According to one preferred embodiment, pipe
The length of the sample cell 7 that body 1 is formed is more than or equal to the length of probe 11 and the sample box for holding radioactive environment sample
Highly sum, thus ensure that detector 8 sample box in measurement process or sample Renewal process will not touch on probe 11
Beryllium window 12, thus avoid damaging beryllium window 12.During measuring, on body 1, the end face away from cover plate 4 is popped one's head in the electronics department of the Chinese Academy of Sciences 10
The end contact of end.Support makes limiting section 3 contact with refrigeration section front end face 9 by regulation limiting section 3, and continues on detection
The rotary stopper portion 3 in device 8 direction, so that support can move along the direction deviating from detector 8, its displacement can be passed through
The scale being positioned on body 1 outer wall reads.I.e., after limiting section 3 contacts with refrigeration section 9 front end face, limiting section 3 continues edge
The distance that detector 8 side moves up is i.e. the distance that fixed support deviates from that detector 8 moves.The length of described limiting section 3 is little
In the length of probe 11, its object is to avoid fixed support body 1 and probe during opposing detector 8 reversely moves
11 depart from, thus cause the beryllium window 12 of body 1 damage probe 11.The length of described limiting section 3 is more than the thickness of the electronics department of the Chinese Academy of Sciences 10
Value so that limiting section 3 can stretch out from body 1 and touch refrigeration section front end face 9, such that it is able to by limiting section 3 and refrigeration
The effect of the mutual power of portion's front end face 9 realizes the fixed support movement relative to detector 8.According to another preferred embodiment party
Formula, described support can also be fixed by lead screen device, and make its body 1 coaxial with probe 11.
Embodiment 1
Assist by the fixed support of the present invention and say as a example by sample collecting on-site rapid measurement radioactive sample to be measured
Bright.In radioactive environment sample measurement, measure parts and include radioactivity seeker, support and radioactive environment sample
Product.
The diameter of described support body 1 is slightly larger than the diameter of detector cylindrical probe, and its difference is 0.5 to 1mm.Surveying
During amount, described cylindrical probe is coaxial with the body 1 of support.Body 1 is made up of perspex layer and tungsten alloy layer, described
Machine glassy layer is socketed on outside described tungsten alloy layer.Described tungsten alloy layer can be engaged with described perspex layer even by screw thread
Connect.The tungsten alloy layer structure that described body 1 has, effectively shield during radiometry at the scene in environment is natural
The impact that measurement process is caused by radioactive substance or natural background, meanwhile, described tungsten alloy layer structure also treats survey radioactivity
Sample serves shielding action, it is to avoid survey crew is caused radiation damage.According to environmental sample radioactive intensity to be measured, this
In invention body 1, tungsten alloy Laminate construction thickness is chosen as 0 to 6mm.
Described perspex layer is socketed on outside described tungsten alloy layer, and described perspex layer outer wall has and is provided with along described
The scale of body 1 axial direction, described limiting section 3 is socketed on described body 1 outer wall.Described body 1 is along away from described cover plate 4
Direction on described lucite layer thickness increase, described tungsten alloy layer thickness reduce.Described perspex layer is right angle trigonometry
Shape and/or right-angled trapezium.The cross section of described tungsten alloy layer is right angled triangle.Described perspex layer connects with described tungsten alloy layer
Contacting surface is the conical surface, and described perspex layer and described tungsten alloy layer collectively form cylindrical tube 1.Described perspex layer and institute
Stating the tungsten alloy layer contact conical surface is 30 ° at the angle of axial direction Yu described body 1 centrage.The circle that described base plate 2 is provided with
The distance of the edge of the cylindrical groove inwall away from described body 1 is more than the maximum gauge of described tungsten alloy layer.
During environmental sample radiometry, testing sample is placed in sample box, and described sample box is put in support
Sample cell 7 in, according to the diameter of sample box, sample box is positioned in the cylinder shape groove of base plate 2 correspondence.Described spy
Survey device is horizontal positioned, is inserted by radioactivity seeker cylindrical probe in the sample cell 7 of body 1.The sample cell that body 1 is formed
The length of 7 is more than or equal to the length of probe 11 and for holding the height sum of the sample box of radioactive environment sample, thus protects
Card detector 8 sample box in measurement process or sample Renewal process will not touch the beryllium window 12 on probe 11, thus avoids
Damage beryllium window 12.After the fully-inserted sample cell of probe 11 7 of detector 8, away from end face and the electronics of cover plate 4 on body 1
The end contact of the department of the Chinese Academy of Sciences 10 sound end, support makes limiting section 3 contact with refrigeration section front end face 9 by regulation limiting section 3, and continues
The continuous rotary stopper portion 3 along detector 8 direction, so that support can move along the direction deviating from detector 8, it moves
Distance can be read by the scale being positioned on body 1 outer wall.
Based on the scale of in axial direction upper setting on body 1 outer wall, it is achieved limiting section 3 is relative to the accurate shifting of body 1
Dynamic, thus realize the most adjustable of sample in sample cell 7 and detector probe position.Open detector again, complete to treat measuring
The measurement of penetrating property sample.User can realize the function inserting or pull out detector 8 of support based on pull bar 5 simultaneously.Meanwhile, exist
During changing sample or carrying out repeated measure, as long as determining the described limiting section 3 invariant position relative to body 1, then can be real
Existing described testing sample and the relative invariant position of probe 11 of detector 8, thus avoid cannot during radiometry
Guarantee measure geometry condition inconsistent of sample and reference source.And the different operating personnel in experimentation that avoid exist
During measurement, due to reasons such as the lack of standardization and human factors of operation, the uncertain factor being artificially introduced is relatively big, thus finally gives
The problem that measurement result brings bigger error.
Embodiment 2
Illustrate as a example by the radioactivity of the fixed support subsidiary environmental sample of the present invention.Measure parts to include putting
Penetrating property detector 8, lead screen structure, support and radioactive environment sample.Described radioactivity seeker has a cylindrical spy
11.Described lead screen structure is the cube lead screen structure with cylindrical hole, and described cylindrical hole diameter is bigger
In the diameter of body 1, its difference is 0.5 to 1mm.Its material of body 1 is lucite.
Measurement process includes: through lead screen cylindrical hole, radiometry detector cylindrical probe 11 is inserted lead shield
In shield structure.Described detector 8 is horizontal positioned, and described lead screen cylindrical hole axis is horizontally oriented.Meanwhile,
Described lead screen cylindrical hole length gos deep into the length of lead screen structure more than the probe 11 of described detector 8.Measuring will be treated
In the sample cell 7 of penetrating property environmental sample Stent Implantation structure.The body 1 of described support is inserted along the lead screen through hole other end
In lead screen structure.The insertion depth controlling support is regulated by described limiting section 3.Open detector, complete radioactivity sample to be measured
The measurement of product.User can realize the function inserting or pull out lead screen structure of support based on pull bar 5 simultaneously.Meanwhile, also may be used
With fasten at the groove 6 being positioned on pull bar 5 stay cord or other connect band realize pull described support to move function.Meanwhile,
During changing sample or carrying out repeated measure, as long as determining the invariant position of described limiting section 3, then can realize described to be measured
Sample relative to invariant position with detector probe, thus avoids and cannot guarantee that during radiometry sample and standard are put
Penetrate measure geometry condition inconsistent in source.And avoid in experimentation different operating personnel during measuring, due to
Operating the reasons such as lack of standardization and human factor, the uncertain factor being artificially introduced is relatively big, thus finally brings relatively to measurement result
The problem of big error.
Embodiment 3
On the basis of embodiment 2, enter fix the measurement position of environmental sample to be measured by the fixed support of the present invention as a example by
Row explanation.In radioactive environment sample measurement, measure parts include radioactivity seeker 8, lead screen structure, support with
And radioactive environment sample.Described radioactivity seeker 8 has a cylindrical probe 11.Described lead screen structure is for having cylinder
The cube lead screen structure of shape through hole.Described cylindrical hole diameter slightly larger than the diameter of body 1, its difference be 0.5 to
1mm.Described cylindrical hole diameter is more than described radioactivity seeker cylindrical probe 11.During measuring, described cylinder
Shape probe is coaxial with the cylindrical hole of described lead screen.The most described cylindrical probe is coaxial with the body 1 of support.
According to one preferred embodiment, pull bar 5 outer wall can be provided with multiple tracks annular groove.Described annular groove is along drawing
Bar 5 cross section in the radial direction is square-section.Described groove is for increasing user in use hand and pull bar 5
Contact area, thus increasing friction force, facilitate user can pass through pull bar 5 traversing carriage more easily.According to one preferably
Embodiment, pull bar 5 can also be cube structure.According to one preferred embodiment, described cover plate 4 end face can be ellipse
Circle or rectangular configuration.
In radioactive environment sample measurement, testing sample is placed in sample box, and described sample box is put in support
Sample cell 7 in, according to the diameter of sample box, sample box is positioned in the cylinder shape groove of base plate 2 correspondence.By inciting somebody to action
Support inserts in the cylindrical hole of lead screen structure, it is achieved testing sample enters position to be measured.The limiting section 3 of described support is real
Existing testing sample is relatively fixed with detector position.Described limiting section 3 is socketed on body 1 outer wall.Described limiting section 3 and body
1 for being rigidly connected.
According to one preferred embodiment, described body 1 outer wall has external screw thread, in described limiting section 3 inwall has
Screw thread, described limiting section 3 is socketed on described body 1 outer wall based on threaded engagement relation.It is achieved thereby that limiting section 3 is along body 1
The function that axial direction moves, it is achieved that the sample in sample cell 7 is adjustable with detector probe position, and the merit of repeatable location
Energy.
According to one preferred embodiment, described body 1 outer wall is provided with the scale in axial direction gone up.Its zero point of scale
It is located close to the port of cover plate 4 one end.Limiting section 3 can be realized by scale to move relative to the accurate of body 1, thus realize sample
Sample in product groove 7 is the most adjustable with detector probe position.Thus insert lead screen structure by measuring detector probe
The degree of depth, the length of lead screen cylindrical hole and the scale label of limiting section 3 correspondence, can realize probe with radioactivity to be measured
The accurate measurement of the distance of sample, or measure the location variation of radioactive sample to be measured and detector probe.Achieve sample
In product groove 7, sample is the most adjustable relative to position with detector probe or measurable function.Disclosure satisfy that radiometry process
Middle energy calibration, efficiency calibration and the greater demand in actual measurement.
It should be noted that above-mentioned specific embodiment is exemplary, those skilled in the art can be open in the present invention
Find out various solution under the inspiration of content, and these solutions also belong to disclosure of the invention scope and fall into this
Within bright protection domain.It will be understood by those skilled in the art that description of the invention and accompanying drawing thereof be illustrative and not
Constitute limitations on claims.Protection scope of the present invention is limited by claim and equivalent thereof.
Claims (10)
1. a fixed support for on-site rapid measurement environmental sample, described support at least includes: body (1), base plate (2), limit
Position portion (3), cover plate (4), pull bar (5) and sample cell (7), it is characterised in that described support profile is cup structure, by body
(1) and limiting section (3) constitutes cylindrical wall of cup, cover plate (4) and pull bar (5) cup is constituted；
Described body (1) is socketed on outside the probe (11) of detector (8), and described body (1) is away from the end face of described cover plate (4)
With the end contact of the electronics department of the Chinese Academy of Sciences (10) sound end, described support makes limiting section (3) and refrigeration section by regulation limiting section (3)
Front end face (9) contacts, and limiting section (3) is moved in the direction continuing on detector (8) so that support is along deviating from detector
(8) direction is moved, and its displacement is read by the scale being positioned on described body (1) outer wall；
Wherein said body (1) is at least perspex layer and the double structure layer of tungsten alloy layer composition, described perspex layer set
Being connected to outside described tungsten alloy layer, described perspex layer outer wall is provided with the scale along described body (1) axial direction, described limit
Position portion (3) is socketed on described body (1) outer wall；
Described body (1) increases at described lucite layer thickness along the direction away from described cover plate (4), described tungsten alloy layer
Thickness reduces, and described perspex layer is right angle with described tungsten alloy layer in the cross section along described body (1) axial direction
Triangle and/or right-angled trapezium, described perspex layer and described tungsten alloy layer contact surface are the conical surface, described perspex layer with
Described tungsten alloy layer collectively forms cylindrical tube (1)；
Described perspex layer contacts the conical surface in described body (1) axial direction with described body (1) with described tungsten alloy layer
The angle of heart line is 30～90 °, the edge of the cylinder shape groove that described base plate (2) the is provided with inwall away from described body (1)
Distance is more than the maximum gauge of described tungsten alloy layer.
2. fixed support as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that described in described body (1), tungsten alloy layer passes through screw thread
Being connected with described perspex layer, wherein said tungsten alloy layer thickness is 0～6mm；Described body (1) outer wall is provided with along axle
Scale on direction, described zero point of scale is located close to the port of described cover plate (4) one end.
3. fixed support as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that the depth value of the sample cell (7) that described body (1) is formed
More than or equal to the length value of probe (11) and for holding the height value sum of the sample box of environmental sample, described body (1) is directly
Footpath is slightly larger than the diameter of probe (12), and its difference is 0.5～1mm.
4. fixed support as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that the length value of described limiting section (3) is less than probe (11)
Length value, the length value of described limiting section (3) is more than the one-tenth-value thickness 1/10 of the electronics department of the Chinese Academy of Sciences (10).
5. fixed support as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that described body (1) axis is perpendicular to described cover plate
(4), described limiting section (3) is cylindrical tubular structure, and wherein said body (1) outer wall has external screw thread, described limiting section (3)
Inwall has female thread, and described limiting section (3) is socketed on described body (1) outer wall, described limiting section based on threaded engagement relation
(3) axis overlaps with described body (1) axis, and described limiting section (3) axis is perpendicular to described cover plate (4).
6. fixed support as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that described base plate (2) is positioned at body (1), described base plate
(2) being disc-shaped structure, described base plate (2) and described body (1) together constitute sample cell (7)；
Described base plate (2) is provided with the stair-stepping cylinder shape groove of at least one-level towards the end face of described sample cell (7), described recessed
Groove is the least the closer to cover plate (4) its diameter, and the different-diameter of step groove the most at the same level is corresponding to being used for holding radioactivity sample to be measured
The sample box diameter of product, the material of described base plate (2) is at least one in lucite or tungsten alloy；
Described base plate (2) disk axis overlaps with body (1) axis, and described base plate (2) is firm with body (1) and cover plate (4)
Property connect.
7. fixed support as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that described pull bar (5) is cylindrical structural, described pull bar
(5) being connected with cover plate (4) second end face, described pull bar (5) is coaxial with cover plate (4).
8. fixed support as claimed in claim 7, it is characterised in that described pull bar (5) is provided with in pull bar (5) radial direction
Upper section is foursquare annular groove (6).
9. fixed support as claimed in claim 7, it is characterised in that described pull bar (5) is provided with in pull bar (5) radial direction
Upper section is at least one annular groove of rectangle.
10. fixed support as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that the degree of depth of the sample cell (7) that described body (1) is formed
Value is more than or equal to the length value of probe (11) and for holding the height value sum of the sample box of environmental sample, described body (1)
Diameter is slightly larger than the diameter of probe (12), and its difference is 0.5～1mm；
Described base plate (2) is positioned at body (1), and described base plate (2) is disc-shaped structure, described base plate (2) and described body (1)
Together constituting sample cell (7), described base plate (2) is provided with the stair-stepping of at least one-level towards the end face of described sample cell (7)
Cylinder shape groove, described groove is the least the closer to cover plate (4) its diameter, and the different-diameter of step groove the most at the same level is corresponding to being used for
Holding the sample box diameter of radioactive sample to be measured, the material of described base plate (2) is at least in lucite or tungsten alloy
Kind；
Described limiting section (3) is cylindrical tubular structure, and wherein said body (1) outer wall has external screw thread, described limiting section (3)
Inwall has female thread, and described limiting section (3) is socketed on described body (1) outer wall, described limiting section based on threaded engagement relation
(3) axis overlaps with described body (1) axis, and described limiting section (3) axis is perpendicular to described cover plate (4), described limit
The length value in position portion (3) is less than the length value of probe (11), and the length value of described limiting section (3) is more than the thickness of the electronics department of the Chinese Academy of Sciences (10)
Angle value；
Described cover plate (4) is cylindrical disc structure, and described cover plate (4) disk end face includes the first end face and the second end face, institute
Stating the first end face to be connected with body (1) and base plate (2), described second end face is connected with pull bar (5), described cover plate (4) and body
(1), base plate (2) and limiting section (3) are coaxial；
Described pull bar (5) is cylindrical structural, and described pull bar (5) is connected with cover plate (4) second end face, described pull bar (5) and lid
Plate (4) is coaxial, and described pull bar (5) is provided with at least one annular groove that pull bar (5) radial direction upper section is rectangle.
Priority Applications (5)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201811351807.4A CN109298440B (en) | 2016-10-26 | 2016-10-26 | Using method of fixing support for radioactivity measurement |
| CN201811351806.XA CN109298439B (en) | 2016-10-26 | 2016-10-26 | Rapid detection system based on radioactivity measurement |
| CN201811351809.3A CN109298442B (en) | 2016-10-26 | 2016-10-26 | Rapid measurement method of environmental sample |
| CN201811351808.9A CN109298441B (en) | 2016-10-26 | 2016-10-26 | Detection apparatus suitable for radioactive sample |
| CN201610948413.1A CN106291658B (en) | 2016-10-26 | 2016-10-26 | A kind of fixing bracket of on-site rapid measurement environmental sample |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201610948413.1A CN106291658B (en) | 2016-10-26 | 2016-10-26 | A kind of fixing bracket of on-site rapid measurement environmental sample |
Related Child Applications (4)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201811351809.3A Division CN109298442B (en) | 2016-10-26 | 2016-10-26 | Rapid measurement method of environmental sample |
| CN201811351806.XA Division CN109298439B (en) | 2016-10-26 | 2016-10-26 | Rapid detection system based on radioactivity measurement |
| CN201811351807.4A Division CN109298440B (en) | 2016-10-26 | 2016-10-26 | Using method of fixing support for radioactivity measurement |
| CN201811351808.9A Division CN109298441B (en) | 2016-10-26 | 2016-10-26 | Detection apparatus suitable for radioactive sample |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN106291658A true CN106291658A (en) | 2017-01-04 |
| CN106291658B CN106291658B (en) | 2018-11-06 |
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| CN201811351809.3A Active CN109298442B (en) | 2016-10-26 | 2016-10-26 | Rapid measurement method of environmental sample |
| CN201610948413.1A Active CN106291658B (en) | 2016-10-26 | 2016-10-26 | A kind of fixing bracket of on-site rapid measurement environmental sample |
| CN201811351807.4A Active CN109298440B (en) | 2016-10-26 | 2016-10-26 | Using method of fixing support for radioactivity measurement |
| CN201811351808.9A Active CN109298441B (en) | 2016-10-26 | 2016-10-26 | Detection apparatus suitable for radioactive sample |
| CN201811351806.XA Active CN109298439B (en) | 2016-10-26 | 2016-10-26 | Rapid detection system based on radioactivity measurement |
Family Applications Before (1)
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| CN201811351807.4A Active CN109298440B (en) | 2016-10-26 | 2016-10-26 | Using method of fixing support for radioactivity measurement |
| CN201811351808.9A Active CN109298441B (en) | 2016-10-26 | 2016-10-26 | Detection apparatus suitable for radioactive sample |
| CN201811351806.XA Active CN109298439B (en) | 2016-10-26 | 2016-10-26 | Rapid detection system based on radioactivity measurement |
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| CN114055363A (en) * | 2021-11-19 | 2022-02-18 | 中国工程物理研究院核物理与化学研究所 | Pneumatic clamp for measuring radioactive cylindrical sample |
| CN117831808A (en) * | 2023-12-29 | 2024-04-05 | 同方威视技术股份有限公司 | Analysis detection device and spent fuel aftertreatment system |
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| CN113484896B (en) * | 2021-07-01 | 2024-05-10 | 成都纽瑞特医疗科技股份有限公司 | Radioactive substance detection device |
| CN113777173A (en) * | 2021-08-20 | 2021-12-10 | 西北工业大学 | Ultrasonic nonlinear measurement clamping device and measurement method thereof |
| CN114518376B (en) * | 2022-02-18 | 2024-08-23 | 中国核动力研究设计院 | Electron probe shielding sample seat for radioactive sample |
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Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| CN109298442A (en) | 2019-02-01 |
| CN109298441A (en) | 2019-02-01 |
| CN109298440B (en) | 2020-03-27 |
| CN106291658B (en) | 2018-11-06 |
| CN109298441B (en) | 2020-03-27 |
| CN109298442B (en) | 2020-03-27 |
| CN109298439A (en) | 2019-02-01 |
| CN109298440A (en) | 2019-02-01 |
| CN109298439B (en) | 2020-03-27 |
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